Positioning and centering device of processing machine tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses a positioning and centering device of a processing machine tool. The positioning and centering device of the machining tool comprises a machining table, a drilling module and a positioning table, four strip-shaped holes are formed in the top face of the positioning table, sliding blocks are arranged in the strip-shaped holes in a sliding mode, a driving assembly is further arranged in the positioning table, a positioning assembly is fixedly arranged on the top faces of the sliding blocks, and the positioning assembly comprises a mounting rod, a roller, a rectangular clamping plate, an arc-shaped clamping plate and a fixing unit. The four sliding blocks are driven by the driving assembly to move synchronously, a workpiece can be clamped and positioned in multiple directions, and compared with a traditional two-side clamping mode, the situation that the large workpiece deviates due to uneven stress can be effectively avoided, and the positioning precision is remarkably improved; and meanwhile, the roller is rotated and fixed through the fixing unit, the rectangular clamping plate and the arc-shaped clamping plate can be flexibly switched, the centering and positioning requirements of the circular workpiece and the square workpiece are met, the universality of the device is greatly improved, and the clamp replacement cost and time are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machine tool processing technology, and in particular to a positioning and centering device for a machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of modern machining, positioning and centering devices are core components that ensure the accuracy and efficiency of workpiece machining. Most existing machine tool positioning and centering devices use a two-sided clamping method. While this method is simple to operate, when dealing with slightly larger workpieces, relying solely on forces from both sides makes it prone to workpiece misalignment due to uneven force distribution. This significantly reduces positioning accuracy, directly affecting the accuracy of machining dimensions and surface quality, increasing scrap rates and rework costs.

[0003] Meanwhile, the diversity of workpiece shapes places higher demands on the adaptability of positioning and centering devices. Circular and square workpieces have significantly different geometric characteristics, requiring different positioning fixture structures: circular workpieces require circumferential symmetrical positioning, while square workpieces emphasize edge and corner fitting positioning. However, existing positioning and centering devices are often designed only for workpieces of a single shape, or require conversion by replacing special fixtures, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also increases equipment procurement and maintenance costs.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a high-precision and highly versatile machine tool positioning and centering device to break through the bottlenecks of traditional methods in terms of workpiece positioning accuracy and adaptability to multi-shaped workpieces, improve processing efficiency and product quality, and meet the increasingly complex production needs of the manufacturing industry. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, this utility model provides a positioning and centering device for a machine tool that can improve positioning accuracy and has high versatility.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] The positioning and centering device for a machining tool includes a machining table, on which a drilling module and a positioning table are mounted. The top surface of the positioning table has four strip-shaped holes arranged in a cross shape. A slider is slidably mounted within each strip-shaped hole. The positioning table also includes a drive assembly that drives the four sliders to move synchronously towards or away from the center of the positioning table. A positioning assembly is fixedly mounted on the top surface of each slider. The positioning assembly includes a mounting rod, a roller, a rectangular clamping plate, an arc-shaped clamping plate, and a fixing unit. The mounting rod is fixedly mounted on the slider, and a pair of baffles are fixedly mounted side-by-side on the mounting rod. The roller is rotatably mounted on the mounting rod and positioned between the two baffles. A fixing unit that restricts the rotation of the roller is also mounted on the mounting rod. Side plates are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the roller along its diameter direction. A rectangular clamping plate is mounted on one side plate, and an arc-shaped clamping plate is mounted on the other side plate.

[0008] Preferably, rubber pads are installed on the sides of both the rectangular clamping plate and the arc-shaped clamping plate.

[0009] Preferably, the fixing unit includes an mounting cylinder, a plug rod, a spring, a positioning plate, and a positioning rod. The mounting cylinder is fixedly mounted on the upper baffle. The plug rod is movably mounted inside the mounting cylinder by the spring. The top of the plug rod is fixedly mounted with a positioning plate. Multiple positioning rods are fixedly arranged in an array on the bottom surface of the positioning plate. The positioning rods pass through the baffle. The top surface of the roller is also provided with multiple positioning holes that are compatible with the insertion of the positioning rods.

[0010] Preferably, a pull ring is also installed on the top surface of the positioning disk.

[0011] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a hollow disk, a turntable, a connecting rod, a movable component, and a connecting rod. The hollow disk is fixedly installed inside the positioning platform, and the turntable is rotatably installed inside the hollow disk. The hollow disk also has a fixed array of movable components, the same number as the slider, arranged around the turntable. The turntable is driven by a motor installed inside the positioning platform. The movable components are slidably installed inside the hollow disk via slide rails. One end of the movable component is hinged to a connecting rod, and the end of the connecting rod away from the movable component is rotatably installed on the turntable. The other end of the movable component is fixedly installed with a connecting rod, which passes through the hollow disk and is fixedly connected to the slider.

[0012] Preferably, the processing table is provided with the same number of guide units as the slider around the hollow disk. The guide unit includes a pair of baffles fixedly arranged in parallel between the hollow disk and the inner wall of the positioning table. The baffles are provided with side holes. The slider is slidably arranged between the two baffles, and round rods that are adapted to slide through the side holes are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the slider.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] (1) This utility model drives four sliders to move synchronously through a drive component, which can clamp and position the workpiece from multiple directions. Compared with the traditional two-sided clamping method, it can effectively avoid the displacement of large workpieces due to uneven force, and significantly improve the positioning accuracy. At the same time, by rotating the roller and fixing it with a fixing unit, the rectangular clamping plate and the arc clamping plate can be flexibly switched to meet the centering and positioning requirements of round and square workpieces, greatly enhancing the versatility of the device and reducing the cost and time of fixture replacement.

[0015] (2) The present invention drives the turntable to rotate, and drives the movable parts to slide on the slide rail through the connecting rod, thereby causing the connecting rod to push the slider to move synchronously towards or away from the center, realizing automatic clamping and loosening of the workpiece. Compared with manual operation, it is more accurate and efficient, and can ensure the synchronicity of the movement of the four sliders, improving the positioning and centering effect. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the positioning and centering device for the machine tool provided by this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of the positioning component;

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Exploded view;

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view;

[0020] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of section A;

[0021] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Another structural diagram of the positioning station;

[0022] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A bottom-view cross-sectional view.

[0023] The corresponding names of the attached figures are as follows: 1-processing table, 2-drilling module, 3-positioning table, 4-strip hole, 5-slider, 6-positioning component, 7-mounting rod, 8-roller, 9-baffle, 10-rectangular clamping plate, 11-arc clamping plate, 12-rubber pad, 13-mounting cylinder, 14-insertion rod, 15-spring, 16-positioning plate, 17-positioning rod, 18-positioning hole, 19-pull ring, 20-hollow plate, 21-motor, 22-turntable, 23-connecting rod, 24-moving part, 25-connecting rod, 26-baffle, 27-side hole, 28-round rod. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention include, but are not limited to, the following embodiments.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] like Figure 1-7As shown, this utility model provides a positioning and centering device for a machining tool, including a machining table 1. A drilling module 2 and a positioning table 3 are mounted on the machining table 1. The top surface of the positioning table 3 has four strip-shaped holes 4 arranged in a cross shape. Sliding blocks 5 are slidably disposed within the strip-shaped holes 4. The positioning table 3 also includes a driving assembly that drives the four sliding blocks 5 to move synchronously towards or away from the center of the positioning table 3. A positioning assembly 6 is fixedly mounted on the top surface of each sliding block 5. The positioning assembly 6 includes a mounting rod 7, a roller 8, a rectangular clamping plate 10, an arc-shaped clamping plate 11, and a fixing unit. The mounting rod 7 is fixedly mounted on the sliding blocks 5, and a pair of baffles 9 are fixedly arranged side-by-side on the mounting rod 7. The roller 8 is rotatably mounted on the mounting rod 7. The rod 7 is positioned between two baffles 9. A fixing unit is also installed on the rod 7 to restrict the rotation of the roller 8. Side plates are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the roller 8 in the diameter direction. A rectangular clamping plate 10 is installed on one side plate, and an arc-shaped clamping plate 11 is installed on the other side plate. The four sliders 5 are driven to move synchronously through the drive assembly, which can clamp and position the workpiece from multiple directions. Compared with the traditional two-sided clamping method, it can effectively avoid the displacement of large workpieces due to uneven force, and significantly improve the positioning accuracy. At the same time, by rotating the roller 8 and fixing it with the fixing unit, the rectangular clamping plate 10 and the arc-shaped clamping plate 11 can be flexibly switched to meet the centering and positioning requirements of round and square workpieces, greatly enhancing the versatility of the device and reducing the cost and time of fixture replacement.

[0027] Example 2

[0028] Please see Figure 2 Both the rectangular clamping plate 10 and the arc-shaped clamping plate 11 are equipped with rubber pads 12 on their sides. The rubber pads 12 have good elasticity and can increase the friction to prevent the workpiece from sliding when clamping the workpiece. At the same time, they can avoid the clamping plate from directly contacting the workpiece surface to prevent scratches or damage, protect the surface quality of the workpiece, and ensure that the processing accuracy is not affected.

[0029] Example 3

[0030] Please see Figure 2-5The fixing unit includes a mounting cylinder 13, an insert rod 14, a spring 15, a positioning plate 16, and a positioning rod 17. The mounting cylinder 13 is fixedly mounted on the upper baffle 9. The insert rod 14 is movably mounted inside the mounting cylinder 13 via the spring 15, and the positioning plate 16 is fixedly mounted on the top of the insert rod 14. Multiple positioning rods 17 are fixedly arranged in an array on the bottom surface of the positioning plate 16. The positioning rods 17 pass through the baffle 9. The top surface of the roller 8 is also provided with multiple positioning holes 18 that are adapted to the insertion of the positioning rods 17. By pulling the positioning plate 16 upward, the positioning rods 17 can be disengaged from the positioning holes 18, which facilitates the rotation of the roller 8 to quickly switch between the rectangular clamping plate 10 and the arc-shaped clamping plate 11. After the positioning plate 16 is released, the spring 15 pushes the positioning plate 16 to reset, and the positioning rods 17 are reinserted into the positioning holes 18, firmly fixing the roller 8. The operation is simple and the positioning is stable, ensuring the reliability of positioning workpieces of different shapes.

[0031] Example 4

[0032] Please see Figure 2 The top surface of the positioning plate 16 is also equipped with a pull ring 19. The pull ring 19 makes it easier for the operator to pull the positioning plate 16. Compared with pulling the positioning plate 16 directly, it is more labor-saving and convenient, which improves the efficiency of switching between the rectangular clamping plate 10 and the arc-shaped clamping plate 11 and reduces manpower consumption.

[0033] Example 5

[0034] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7 The driving assembly includes a hollow disk 20, a turntable 22, a connecting rod 23, movable parts 24, and a connecting rod 25. The hollow disk 20 is fixedly installed inside the positioning platform 3, and the turntable 22 is rotatably installed inside the hollow disk 20. Movable parts 24, the same number as the slider 5, are also fixedly arranged in an array around the turntable 22 inside the hollow disk 20. The turntable 22 is driven by a motor 21 installed inside the positioning platform 3. The movable parts 24 are slidably installed inside the hollow disk 20 via slide rails, and one end of each movable part 24 is hinged to a connecting rod 23. The end of the movable part 23 away from the movable part 24 is rotatably mounted on the turntable 22. The other end of the movable part 24 is fixedly mounted with a connecting rod 25. The connecting rod 25 passes through the hollow disk 20 and is fixedly connected to the slider 5. The motor 21 drives the turntable 22 to rotate, and through the connecting rod 23, it drives the movable part 24 to slide on the slide rail. This causes the connecting rod 25 to push the slider 5 to move synchronously toward or away from the center, realizing automatic clamping and loosening of the workpiece. Compared with manual operation, it is more precise and efficient, and can ensure the synchronicity of the movement of the four sliders 5, improving the positioning and centering effect.

[0035] Example 6

[0036] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7The processing table 1 is equipped with the same number of guide units as the slider 5 around the hollow disk 20. The guide unit includes a pair of baffles 26 fixedly arranged in parallel between the hollow disk 20 and the inner wall of the positioning table 3. The baffles 26 have side holes 27. The slider 5 is slidably arranged between the two baffles 26. The slider 5 is symmetrically fixed on both sides with round rods 28 that are adapted to slide through the side holes 27. The baffles 26 and side holes 27 of the guide unit cooperate with the round rods 28 on the slider 5 to provide precise guidance for the sliding of the slider 5, prevent the slider 5 from deviating or shaking during the movement, ensure the stability and accuracy of the slider 5 when the drive assembly drives it, and further improve the accuracy of workpiece positioning and alignment.

[0037] Working principle:

[0038] In use, place the workpiece on the positioning table 3. Depending on the shape of the workpiece, if it is a square workpiece, ensure that the rectangular clamping plate 10 is in the working position; if it is a round workpiece, pull the pull ring 19 on the positioning plate 16 upward to disengage the positioning rod 17 from the positioning hole 18 of the roller 8. Rotate the roller 8 180° to switch the arc-shaped clamping plate 11 to the working position. Release the pull ring 19, and the spring 15 pushes the positioning plate 16 to re-insert the positioning rod 17 into the positioning hole 18 to fix the roller 8.

[0039] Subsequently, the motor 21 inside the positioning table 3 starts, driving the turntable 22 to rotate. The turntable 22 drives the movable part 24 to slide on the slide rail inside the hollow plate 20 through the connecting rod 23. The movable part 24 pushes the four sliders 5 to move synchronously towards the center of the positioning table 3 along the strip hole 4 through the connecting rod 25, until the rectangular clamping plate 10 or the arc-shaped clamping plate 11 clamps and centers the workpiece. After processing is completed, the motor 21 reverses, driving the sliders 5 to move in the opposite direction, releasing the workpiece, and the workpiece can be removed, realizing a high-precision and highly versatile positioning and centering operation.

[0040] The above embodiments are merely one of the preferred embodiments of this utility model and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications or refinements made to the main design concept and spirit of this utility model that are not of substantial significance, but solve the same technical problem as this utility model, should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A positioning and centering device for a machine tool, comprising a machining table (1), on which a drilling module (2) and a positioning table (3) are mounted, characterized in that, The top surface of the positioning platform (3) has four strip holes (4) arranged in a cross shape. A slider (5) is slidably installed inside the strip holes (4). The positioning platform (3) is also equipped with a drive assembly that drives the four sliders (5) to move synchronously toward or away from the center of the positioning platform (3). The top surface of the sliders (5) is fixedly equipped with a positioning assembly (6). The positioning assembly (6) includes a mounting rod (7), a roller (8), a rectangular clamping plate (10), and an arc-shaped clamping plate (11). The mounting rod (7) is fixedly mounted on the slider (5), and a pair of baffles (9) are fixedly arranged side by side on the mounting rod (7). The roller (8) is rotatably mounted on the mounting rod (7) and located between the two baffles (9). The mounting rod (7) is also provided with a fixing unit to restrict the rotation of the roller (8). Side plates are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the roller (8) in the diameter direction. A rectangular clamp (10) is installed on one side plate, and an arc-shaped clamp (11) is installed on the other side plate.

2. The positioning and centering device for a machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, Rubber pads (12) are installed on the sides of both the rectangular clamp (10) and the arc-shaped clamp (11).

3. The positioning and centering device for a machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing unit includes a mounting cylinder (13), a plug rod (14), a spring (15), a positioning plate (16), and a positioning rod (17). The mounting cylinder (13) is fixedly mounted on the upper baffle (9). The plug rod (14) is movably mounted inside the mounting cylinder (13) through the spring (15). The top of the plug rod (14) is fixedly mounted with a positioning plate (16). Multiple positioning rods (17) are fixedly arranged in an array on the bottom surface of the positioning plate (16). The positioning rods (17) are arranged through the baffle (9). The top surface of the roller (8) is also provided with multiple positioning holes (18) that are compatible with the positioning rods (17).

4. The positioning and centering device for a machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top surface of the positioning disk (16) is also equipped with a pull ring (19).

5. The positioning and centering device for a machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a hollow disk (20), a turntable (22), a connecting rod (23), a movable part (24), and a connecting rod (25). The hollow disk (20) is fixedly installed inside the positioning platform (3), and the turntable (22) is rotatably installed inside the hollow disk (20). The hollow disk (20) is also arranged in an array around the turntable (22), with the same number of movable parts (24) as the slider (5). The turntable (22) is driven by a motor (21) installed inside the positioning platform (3). The movable part (24) is slidably installed inside the hollow disk (20) via a slide rail. One end of the movable part (24) is hinged to a connecting rod (23). The end of the connecting rod (23) away from the movable part (24) is rotatably installed on the turntable (22). The other end of the movable part (24) is fixedly installed with a connecting rod (25). The connecting rod (25) passes through the hollow disk (20) and is fixedly connected to the slider (5).

6. The positioning and centering device for a machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that, The processing table (1) is also provided with the same number of guide units as the slider (5) around the hollow disk (20). The guide unit includes a pair of baffles (26) fixedly arranged in parallel between the inner wall of the hollow disk (20) and the positioning table (3). The baffles (26) are provided with side holes (27). The slider (5) is slidably arranged between the two baffles (26), and the slider (5) is symmetrically fixedly arranged with round rods (28) that are adapted to slide with the side holes (27) on both sides.

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