Mortise and tenon wood structure reinforcing and repairing device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a tenon-and-mortise wood structure reinforcing and repairing device which is structurally characterized in that anchorage devices are arranged at the two ends of prestressed pull rods, a plurality of laminated rigid blocks are arranged between wood beams and wood columns in the vertical space of a tenon-and-mortise wood structure in the height direction, and a plurality of prestressed pull rods are arranged in the rigid blocks. One end of each prestressed pull rod is fixed on a foundation beam or a ground beam of the existing building through an anchorage device, and the other end of each prestressed pull rod is fixed on a wood beam at the upper part through an anchorage device after sequentially penetrating through the rigid blocks upwards; the two sides of the rigid block body are connected with the original wooden columns of the mortise and tenon wood structure through tie bars respectively. The device is suitable for the endangered ancient building which needs to be subjected to anti-seismic and wind-resistant reinforcement and repair, and can meet the principle of'repairing the old as the old '. Meanwhile, the utility model also forms a novel structural system capable of improving the maximum applicable height of the modern antique wood structure building, and is suitable for modern antique wood structure high-rise buildings and structures developed on the basis of the same technical principle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of ancient building protection, reinforcement, and restoration, specifically to a device for improving the earthquake and wind resistance of mortise and tenon wooden structures. It is applicable to endangered ancient buildings requiring earthquake and wind resistance reinforcement and restoration, and meets the principle of "restoring the old as it was." Simultaneously, this utility model also constitutes a new structural system that can increase the maximum applicable height of modern antique-style wooden structures, applicable to modern antique-style wooden high-rise buildings and structures developed based on the same technical principles. Background Technology

[0002] Most ancient buildings employ mortise and tenon joints in their wooden structure. Many are located in earthquake zones, islands, or areas with strong winds near the coast. There is an urgent need for earthquake and wind-resistant reinforcement and restoration of these endangered ancient buildings, and the principle of "restoring the old as it was" must be adhered to. Existing reinforcement and restoration techniques struggle to effectively improve the structure's earthquake and wind resistance while avoiding alterations to the building's appearance. Furthermore, the maximum applicable height of traditional mortise and tenon wooden structures is limited by their lateral stiffness and joint construction, making it difficult to meet the growing demand for height in replica ancient buildings. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a reinforcement and repair device for mortise and tenon timber structures, suitable for earthquake and wind resistance reinforcement and repair. This utility model arranges a certain number of rigid blocks at appropriate locations within the mortise and tenon timber structure, utilizing the sliding friction of these blocks to dissipate earthquake and wind-induced vibration energy, thereby improving the earthquake and wind resistance performance of the mortise and tenon timber structure. The reinforcement and repair device can be incorporated into the design of a wall, ensuring that the reinforced and repaired building maintains the same appearance as the original building.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows:

[0005] A mortise and tenon wood structure reinforcement and repair device includes rigid blocks, prestressed tie rods, and tie bars. The device is characterized by: anchors at both ends of the prestressed tie rods; several stacked rigid blocks are arranged along the height direction between the wooden beams and columns in the vertical space of the mortise and tenon wood structure; several prestressed tie rods are arranged within the rigid blocks; one end of each tie rod is fixed to the foundation beam or ground beam of the existing building via anchors; the other end passes upward through several rigid blocks and is then fixed to the upper (such as the roof or floor) wooden beam via anchors; and both sides of the rigid blocks are connected to the original wooden columns of the mortise and tenon wood structure via tie bars.

[0006] The prestressed tie rod is fixed to the wooden beam by an anchor after passing through a wooden beam protection component provided on the wooden beam. The wooden beam protection component is an inner sleeve wrapped with an outer steel plate.

[0007] One end of the tie bar is fixed to the rigid block, and the other end passes through the arc-shaped steel strip (to adapt to the shape of the wooden column and prevent stress concentration) and the wooden column protective component in sequence before being fixed to the wooden column. The wooden column protective component is an inner sleeve wrapped with an outer steel plate.

[0008] The rigid block is made of precast concrete blocks or hardwood products.

[0009] The contact surfaces between adjacent rigid blocks are designed with artificial roughening or additional friction pads to enhance energy dissipation capacity; the remaining surfaces remain in their natural state. The thickness of the rigid blocks is determined by the frictional requirements of the adjacent contact surfaces and their own strength and stability. The contact surfaces between the rigid blocks and the wooden beams and columns are natural surfaces without artificial intervention. The sliding friction interface formed by the contact surfaces of adjacent rigid blocks is called the energy dissipation joint.

[0010] The prestressed tie rods are precision-rolled threaded steel bars or prestressed steel strands. Anchors are provided at both ends of the prestressed tie rods; connectors can be installed for multi-story buildings or long prestressed tie rods. When the prestressed tie rods pass through mortise and tenon timber structural members, protective measures (such as pre-embedded sleeves) should be taken to prevent damage to the mortise and tenon timber structural members during tensioning. The core function of the prestressed tie rods is to control the normal pressure on the sliding contact surface by controlling the tension force, and to control the static friction threshold of the contact surface of adjacent rigid blocks to match the seismic and wind resistance targets and energy consumption expectations.

[0011] A control method for a mortise and tenon wood structure reinforcement and repair device, characterized by the following steps:

[0012] Step 1, Initial state setting; By tensioning the prestressed tie rods connecting the rigid blocks, a preset normal force is applied to the contact surface of adjacent rigid blocks, so that the contact surface of adjacent rigid blocks maintains a static friction state within the design load range;

[0013] Step 2, Small Load Response - Static Friction Locking Mechanism: When the horizontal load is less than the static friction force of the contact surface of the adjacent rigid blocks, the contact surface of the rigid blocks is in a static friction state and there is no relative sliding; the rigid blocks form an integral wall structure and participate in the overall work through their own stiffness; at this time, the internal force of the mortise and tenon wood structure is lower than its damage threshold, and the structure remains elastic.

[0014] Step 3, Overload Triggering Energy Dissipation - Critical State Switching: When the horizontal load is greater than the static friction force of the contact surface of the adjacent rigid block, the contact surface of the rigid block breaks through the static friction limit and enters the sliding friction state; the sliding friction force does work, forming a hysteresis energy dissipation mechanism: the sliding process generates a friction-type hysteresis energy dissipation curve, and dissipates the input energy through repeated sliding-reset cycles;

[0015] Step 4, Displacement Control and Structural Protection – Dual Protection Logic:

[0016] Internal force unloading: Sliding friction limits the horizontal shear force transmitted to the mortise and tenon structure, preventing damage to the mortise and tenon structure.

[0017] Displacement limiting: By adjusting the prestress of the prestressed tie rod to control the maximum friction force, the sliding displacement of the rigid block is indirectly constrained (a limiting device can also be set to directly adjust the sliding displacement), preventing the mortise and tenon wooden structure from collapsing.

[0018] Step 5, reset after load disappearance – self-resetting capability:

[0019] After the horizontal load disappears, the elastic restoring force of the prestressed tie rod pulls the rigid block back to its original position, and the contact surface of the adjacent rigid blocks re-enters the static friction state.

[0020] Core working principle:

[0021] Adjustable friction threshold: The tension of the prestressed tie rod 1 directly controls the normal pressure on the contact surface, realizing the precise design of the sliding trigger threshold and adapting to different defense requirements.

[0022] Dual-state performance switching:

[0023] Rigid state (static friction): Provides stiffness for conventional structures;

[0024] Energy-dissipating state (sliding friction): Energy is dissipated through frictional hysteresis, significantly reducing the dynamic response of the wood structure.

[0025] Protection priority: The sliding friction mechanism acts as a "structural fuse" (that is, under strong earthquakes or strong winds, it absorbs and dissipates the input energy through its own sliding displacement, thereby protecting the mortise and tenon wood structure from damage), prioritizing the consumption of input energy to ensure that the internal forces of the mortise and tenon wood structure are always at a safe level.

[0026] Hysteresis performance calibration:

[0027] The hysteresis characteristics (such as slip stiffness and energy dissipation efficiency) of the reinforcement and repair device are calibrated through full-scale tests, which can ensure the consistency between the theoretical model and the actual response.

[0028] This invention achieves a unified approach to passive structural control and adaptive energy consumption by intelligently adjusting the working state of the friction interface, providing an effective hierarchical protection strategy for mortise and tenon wood structures.

[0029] This invention proposes a concept of "organic combination of rigid blocks and mortise and tenon timber structure," which is not only used for the restoration of ancient buildings but also constitutes a novel high-rise timber structure system. This system improves the lateral stiffness and energy dissipation capacity of the mortise and tenon timber structure through a friction energy dissipation mechanism, thereby increasing the maximum applicable height of this structure. When the building plan is circular or rectangular, the rational arrangement of the rigid blocks 2 forms a cylindrical structure system with energy dissipation devices.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0031] 1. Improve the earthquake and wind resistance of mortise and tenon wood structures.

[0032] 2. The device is placed between beams and columns and can be decorated as a wall, so that the reinforced and repaired building is consistent with the original building style, which conforms to the principle of "restoring the old as before".

[0033] 3. The energy dissipation mechanism between adjacent rigid blocks is clear, key parameters (friction coefficient, prestress) can be controlled by design, energy dissipation capacity can be verified by test, and reliability is high.

[0034] 4. Protective measures to avoid damage to the wooden structure.

[0035] 5. Construction is relatively simple and materials are readily available. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a frontal view of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A_A sectional view.

[0038] Figure 3 for Figure 1 B_B section view. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the mortise and tenon wood structure reinforcement and repair device of this utility model includes a rigid block 2, a prestressed tie rod 1, and tie bars 7. Its characteristic is that the prestressed tie rod 1 has anchors at both ends. Between the wooden beams 8 and wooden columns 9 in the vertical space of the mortise and tenon wood structure, several layers of rigid blocks 2 are arranged along the height direction. Several prestressed tie rods 1 are arranged within the rigid blocks 2. One end of each prestressed tie rod 1 is fixed to the foundation beam 10 or ground beam of the existing building by an anchor, and the other end passes upward through several rigid blocks 2 sequentially and is then fixed to the upper (roof or floor) wooden beam 8 by an anchor. Both sides of the rigid block 2 are connected to the wooden columns 9 by tie bars 7. The prestressed tie rod 1 of this utility model is a finely rolled threaded steel bar with anchors at both ends; prestressed steel strands can also be used.

[0041] The prestressed tie rod 1 passes through the wooden beam protective component 4 and is then fixed to the wooden beam 8 by anchors. The wooden beam protective component 4 consists of an inner sleeve and an outer steel plate. One end of the tie bar 7 is fixed to the rigid block 2, and the other end passes through the arc-shaped steel strip 6 (adapted to the shape of the wooden column 9 to prevent stress concentration) and the wooden column protective component 5 before being fixed to the wooden column 9. The wooden column protective component 5 consists of an inner sleeve and an outer steel plate. The rigid block 2 of this invention is made of precast concrete blocks or hardwood products.

[0042] The contact surfaces between adjacent rigid blocks 2 are designed with artificial roughness or additional friction pads to enhance energy dissipation capacity; the remaining surfaces remain in their natural state. The sliding friction interface formed by the contact surfaces of adjacent rigid blocks is called the energy dissipation joint 3. The thickness of rigid block 2 is determined by the frictional force requirements of the adjacent contact surfaces and its own strength and stability. By controlling the tension of the prestressed tie rod 1, the normal pressure on the adjacent contact surfaces of rigid blocks 2 is controlled, so that when encountering earthquakes less than or equal to the design earthquake or the set wind load, the contact surfaces maintain a static friction state, and its performance is similar to that of a general wall; when encountering earthquakes exceeding the design earthquake or the set wind load, the contact surfaces generate sliding friction, dissipating the input energy, and protecting the mortise and tenon wooden structure from damage through hysteresis energy dissipation, and controlling its horizontal displacement to prevent collapse.

[0043] A control method for a mortise and tenon wood structure reinforcement and repair device, characterized by the following steps:

[0044] Step 1, Initial state setting: By tensioning the prestressed tie rods connecting the rigid blocks, a preset normal force is applied to the contact surface of adjacent rigid blocks, so that the contact surface of adjacent rigid blocks maintains a static friction state within the design load range;

[0045] Step 2, Small Load Response - Static Friction Locking Mechanism: When the horizontal load is less than the static friction force of the contact surface of the adjacent rigid blocks, the contact surface of the rigid blocks is in a static friction state and there is no relative sliding; the rigid blocks form an integral wall structure and participate in the overall work through their own stiffness; at this time, the internal force of the mortise and tenon wood structure is lower than its damage threshold, and the structure remains elastic.

[0046] Step 3, Overload Triggering Energy Dissipation - Critical State Switching: When the horizontal load is greater than the static friction force of the contact surface of the adjacent rigid block, the contact surface of the rigid block breaks through the static friction limit and enters the sliding friction state; the sliding friction force does work, forming a hysteresis energy dissipation mechanism: the sliding process generates a friction-type hysteresis curve, and dissipates the input energy through repeated sliding-reset cycles;

[0047] Step 4, Displacement Control and Structural Protection – Dual Protection Logic:

[0048] Internal force unloading: Sliding friction limits the horizontal shear force transmitted to the mortise and tenon structure, preventing damage to the mortise and tenon structure.

[0049] Displacement limiting: By adjusting the prestress of the prestressed tie rod to control the maximum friction force, the sliding displacement of the rigid block is indirectly constrained (a limiting device can also be set to directly adjust the sliding displacement), preventing the mortise and tenon wooden structure from collapsing.

[0050] Step 5, reset after load disappearance – self-resetting capability:

[0051] After the horizontal load disappears, the elastic restoring force of the prestressed tie rod 1 pulls the rigid block back to its original position, and the contact surface of the adjacent rigid blocks re-enters the static friction state.

[0052] Core working principle:

[0053] Adjustable friction threshold: The tension force of the prestressed tie rod directly controls the normal pressure on the contact surface, realizing the precise design of the sliding trigger threshold, which can adapt to different defense requirements.

[0054] Dual-state performance switching:

[0055] Rigid state (static friction): Provides stiffness for conventional structures;

[0056] Energy-dissipating state (sliding friction): Energy is dissipated through frictional hysteresis, significantly reducing the dynamic response of the wood structure.

[0057] Protection priority: The sliding friction mechanism acts as a "structural fuse," prioritizing the consumption of input energy to ensure that the internal forces of the mortise and tenon wood structure are always at a safe level.

[0058] Hysteresis performance calibration:

[0059] The hysteresis characteristics (such as slip stiffness and energy dissipation efficiency) of the reinforcement and repair device are calibrated through full-scale tests, which can ensure the consistency between the theoretical model and the actual response.

[0060] This invention achieves a balance between passive control and adaptive energy consumption by intelligently adjusting the working state of the friction interface, providing an effective hierarchical protection strategy for mortise and tenon wood structures.

Claims

1. A mortise and tenon wood structure reinforcement and repair device, comprising a rigid block, a prestressed tie rod, and tie bars, characterized in that: The prestressed tie rods are provided with anchors at both ends. In the vertical space of the mortise and tenon wood structure, there are several layers of rigid blocks arranged along the height direction between the wooden beams and columns. Several prestressed tie rods are arranged in the rigid blocks. One end of each prestressed tie rod is fixed to the foundation beam or ground beam of the existing building by an anchor, and the other end passes through several rigid blocks in sequence and is fixed to the upper wooden beam by an anchor. The two sides of each rigid block are connected to the original wooden columns of the mortise and tenon wood structure by tie bars.

2. The mortise and tenon wood structure reinforcement and repair device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prestressed tie rod is fixed to the wooden beam by an anchor after passing through a protective component provided on the wooden beam. The protective component is an inner sleeve wrapped with a steel plate.

3. The mortise and tenon wood structure reinforcement and repair device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the tie bar is fixed to the rigid block, and the other end passes through the arc-shaped steel strip and the protective component on the wooden column in sequence before being fixed to the wooden column. The protective component is an inner sleeve wrapped with a steel plate.

4. The mortise and tenon wood structure reinforcement and repair device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rigid block is made of precast concrete blocks or hardwood products.

5. The mortise and tenon wood structure reinforcement and repair device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The contact surfaces between adjacent rigid blocks are designed as artificially roughened surfaces or with added friction pads; the remaining surfaces remain in their natural state.

6. The mortise and tenon wood structure reinforcement and repair device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prestressed tie rod is a precision-rolled threaded steel bar or a prestressed steel strand.

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