Indoor test integrated system for researching freezing characteristics of artificial frozen soil
By using the integrated testing methods of the indoor testing system, the problem of inaccurate judgment of the freezing front and the curtain intersection during freezing construction was solved, and precise control and risk reduction of the freezing construction process were achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CSCEC INT CONSTR
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-19
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, the assessment of the development of the freezing front and whether the freezing curtain has formed a complete circle during freezing construction is inaccurate, making it difficult to accurately predict the construction period and results.
Design an integrated indoor testing system, including a refrigeration component, a temperature measurement component, an electrical detection component, and an acoustic detection component. By comprehensively detecting temperature, electric field, and acoustic wave velocity during the freezing process, accurately determine the freezing front expansion rate and the freezing curtain effect.
It enables precise control over the freezing construction process, reduces construction risks, and improves the predictability and safety of construction results.
Smart Images
Figure CN224263151U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of experimental equipment technology, and in particular to an integrated indoor experimental system for studying the freezing characteristics of artificial permafrost. Background Technology
[0002] Artificial freezing technology is a construction technique widely used in underground engineering scenarios such as coal mine shafts, tunnel boring machine launching (receiving), and subway connecting passages. It is an effective reinforcement technique for water-rich and soft soil strata. The construction method of artificial freezing technology involves arranging freezing pipes at regular intervals along the periphery of the area to be frozen, and placing temperature measuring holes inside and outside the reinforced area. Active freezing is achieved through the operation of a refrigeration system. After the freezing pipes absorb heat from the strata, the natural rock and soil are transformed into artificial frozen soil, thereby increasing the strength and stability of the strata and reducing permeability.
[0003] One of the core indicators for determining the effectiveness of freezing reinforcement during freezing construction is the frozen soil temperature. A ground temperature of -10℃ or below, determined by temperature measurement wells, indicates that adjacent freezing pipes have frozen together, forming a reliable freezing curtain. However, the expansion rate of the freezing front varies depending on the site and soil layer during active freezing construction, resulting in different construction periods. These periods are generally determined through theoretical derivation or empirical formulas, and the development of the freezing front and whether the freezing curtain has formed a complete loop are often inaccurate in their assessment. Therefore, there is a need for an integrated indoor testing system to study the freezing characteristics of artificially frozen soil, capable of addressing the inaccuracies in judging the development of the freezing front and the formation of the freezing curtain during existing freezing construction techniques. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated indoor testing system for studying the freezing characteristics of artificially frozen soil, which can solve the problems of inaccurate judgment of the development of freezing fronts and whether the freezing curtain has formed a circle during freezing construction in the prior art.
[0005] This utility model is implemented as follows:
[0006] An integrated indoor testing system for studying the freezing characteristics of artificial permafrost includes a test chamber, a refrigeration component, a temperature measurement component, an electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) component, an acoustic wave detection component, and a heat dissipation component. The test chamber is a sealed, insulated box filled with soil. Several vertically spaced mounting holes are formed in the soil, allowing several sets of refrigeration components or several sets of acoustic wave detection components to be inserted into the corresponding mounting holes. Each refrigeration component is externally powered, and the temperature measurement component is located in the soil outside the refrigeration component. Each refrigeration component is connected to a heat dissipation component, and each heat dissipation component is externally connected to a heat exchange box. An ERT component is located on the center line connecting two adjacent refrigeration components.
[0007] The mounting hole is equipped with a pre-embedded tube, and the cooling component or acoustic wave detection component is inserted into the pre-embedded tube; the pre-embedded tube is a conductive metal tube, and the electrical detection component is connected to the pre-embedded tube.
[0008] Each set of cooling components includes a freezing tube, a semiconductor cooling chip, and a copper heat dissipation plate inside the tube; the freezing tube is inserted into a pre-embedded tube; several semiconductor cooling chips are respectively arranged at intervals inside the freezing tube and connected to the external power supply of the cooler, the heat absorption surface of the semiconductor cooling chip is laid on the inner wall of the freezing tube, and the copper heat dissipation plate inside the tube is laid on the heat dissipation surface of the semiconductor cooling chip; the heat dissipation component connects the freezing tube and the heat exchange box.
[0009] Each heat dissipation component includes a circulating water pipe and a circulating water pump; one end of each of the two circulating water pipes is connected to both ends of the freezing pipe, and the other end of each of the two circulating water pipes is connected to the heat exchange box. The circulating water pump is installed on one of the circulating water pipes, so that a circulating channel for water supply is formed between the heat exchange box and the freezing pipe.
[0010] The circulating water pumps of several groups of heat dissipation components are all externally connected to a circulating water controller and a power supply.
[0011] The gap between the freezing pipe and the pre-embedded pipe is filled with antifreeze lubricating oil.
[0012] The acoustic wave detection component includes an acoustic wave transmitter and an acoustic wave receiver. The acoustic wave transmitter and the acoustic wave receiver are respectively installed in the pre-embedded pipes of two adjacent mounting holes. The acoustic wave transmitter and the acoustic wave receiver are located at the same height and move synchronously from bottom to top.
[0013] Each set of electrical resistivity testing components includes a potential probe and a resistivity tester; two potential probes are inserted into the soil on the line connecting the centers of two adjacent sets of refrigeration components, and the resistivity tester is set outside the test chamber. The resistivity tester is connected to the potential probes and the pre-embedded pipe to form a circuit loop.
[0014] The temperature measuring component includes a temperature measuring rod and a temperature controller. The temperature measuring rod is inserted into the soil outside the freezing tube of the refrigeration component. Several temperature measuring rods are arranged circumferentially and form multiple concentric circles outside the freezing tube. The outermost concentric circles of two adjacent sets of refrigeration components are tangent to each other. The outermost concentric circles of the refrigeration components are also tangent to the inner wall of the test chamber. Temperature measuring rods are also provided in the soil between the outermost concentric circles of two adjacent sets of refrigeration components and the inner wall of the test chamber.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages:
[0016] 1. This utility model, equipped with a refrigeration component, a temperature measurement component, an electrical detection component, and an acoustic detection component, conducts freezing tests on the soil inside the test chamber using the refrigeration component. During the freezing process, the temperature field changes of the frozen soil at different locations within the test chamber can be measured using the temperature measuring rod of the temperature measurement component. The changes in the electric field and resistivity of the frozen soil within the test chamber can be measured using the electrical detection component. After temporarily removing the refrigeration component, the acoustic wave velocity of the frozen soil can be tested using the acoustic detection component. Based on the changes in the frozen soil temperature field, the changes in the frozen soil electric field and resistivity, and the acoustic wave velocity of the frozen soil, the freezing front expansion rate and freezing effect can be comprehensively determined. This allows for the accurate determination of the freezing characteristics of the corresponding engineering site strata and the expansion parameters of the freezing curtain, thereby accurately predicting the actual freezing construction cycle, freezing process, and reinforcement effect, and reducing the risks of freezing construction.
[0017] 2. Because this utility model is equipped with a heat dissipation component, it can dissipate heat for the refrigeration component, thereby improving the operational safety and stability of the refrigeration component. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the indoor test integrated system for studying the freezing characteristics of artificial permafrost according to this utility model;
[0019] Figure 2 This is a plan view of the arrangement of potential probes and temperature measuring rods in an integrated indoor test system for studying the freezing characteristics of artificial permafrost.
[0020] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the freezing pipe and the pre-embedded pipe in the indoor test integrated system for studying the freezing characteristics of artificial permafrost.
[0021] Figure 4 This is an elevation view of the inner wall of the freezing tube in the indoor test integrated system for studying the freezing characteristics of artificial permafrost, which is based on this utility model.
[0022] In the diagram, 1 is the test chamber, 2 is the power supply for the refrigeration unit, 3 is the heat exchange box, 41 is the freezing tube, 42 is the semiconductor refrigeration chip, 43 is the copper heat dissipation plate inside the tube, 5 is the embedded tube, 61 is the circulating water pipe, 62 is the circulating water pump, 63 is the circulating water controller, 7 is the antifreeze lubricating oil, 81 is the potential probe, 82 is the resistivity tester, 91 is the temperature measuring rod, 92 is the temperature controller, and 10 is the mounting hole. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0024] Please see the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2An integrated indoor testing system for studying the freezing characteristics of artificial permafrost includes a test chamber 1, a refrigeration component, a temperature measuring component, an electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) component, an acoustic wave detection component, and a heat dissipation component. The test chamber 1 is a sealed, insulated box filled with soil. Several vertically arranged mounting holes 10 are formed in the soil at intervals, allowing several sets of refrigeration components or several sets of acoustic wave detection components to be inserted into the corresponding mounting holes 10. Each set of refrigeration components is externally connected to a refrigeration power supply 2, and the temperature measuring component is arranged in the soil outside the refrigeration component. Each set of refrigeration components is connected to a heat dissipation component, and each set of heat dissipation components is externally connected to a heat exchange box 3. An ERT component is located on the center line connecting two adjacent sets of refrigeration components.
[0025] Preferably, test chamber 1 can be a sealed, insulated chamber with a length of 100cm, a width of 50cm, a height of 50cm, or greater. The appropriate size of test chamber 1 can be selected based on actual testing needs. The material of test chamber 1: Considering the frost heave effect of frozen soil, test chamber 1 should have sufficient rigidity to prevent significant deformation or cracking during freezing. It is advisable to use an L30*3mm equilateral angle steel frame + a 10mm thick acrylic panel. The inner wall of test chamber 1 is fully covered with EPS insulation foam board with a thickness of not less than 3cm. The joints between adjacent EPS insulation foam boards must be sealed to prevent water penetration, ensuring the airtight insulation effect of test chamber 1.
[0026] Preferably, two mounting holes 10 (denoted as hole A and hole B) are symmetrically arranged inside the test chamber 1, and the center distance between the two mounting holes 10 is not less than 50cm. Hole A and hole B serve as the acoustic wave testing emission hole and acoustic wave testing reception hole of the acoustic wave detection component.
[0027] Please see the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 The mounting hole 10 is provided with a pre-embedded tube 5, and the cooling component or the acoustic wave detection component is inserted into the pre-embedded tube 5; the pre-embedded tube 5 is a conductive metal tube, and the electrical detection component is connected to the pre-embedded tube 5.
[0028] Preferably, the embedded tube 5 can be a regular hexagonal aluminum alloy tube with a wall thickness of 3mm, a maximum internal clearance width of 108mm, and a single-side clearance width of 54mm. The embedded tube 5 also serves as an electrode for the electrical detection component.
[0029] Please see the appendix Figure 3 and attached Figure 4Each set of cooling components includes a freezing tube 41, a semiconductor cooling chip 42, and a copper heat dissipation plate 43 inside the tube; the freezing tube 41 is inserted into the pre-embedded tube 5; several semiconductor cooling chips 42 are respectively arranged at intervals inside the freezing tube 41 and externally connected to the cooler power supply 2; the heat absorption surface of the semiconductor cooling chip 42 is covered on the inner wall of the freezing tube 41 with thermally conductive silicone, and the copper heat dissipation plate 43 inside the tube is covered on the heat dissipation surface of the semiconductor cooling chip 42 with thermally conductive silicone; the heat dissipation component connects the freezing tube 41 and the heat exchange box 3.
[0030] The semiconductor refrigeration chip 42 adopts semiconductor refrigeration technology, also known as thermoelectric refrigeration technology. It is a refrigeration method that uses direct current to refrigerate. Its core principle is to use the PN junction made of special semiconductor materials, that is, the two sides of the semiconductor refrigeration chip (such as model TEC1-12706), to form a thermocouple pair and generate the Peltier effect. That is, one end is cooled (down to -30℃), while the other end generates heat. The refrigeration component makes full use of its refrigeration effect to freeze the soil in the test chamber 1.
[0031] Preferably, the freezing pipe 41 can be a regular hexagonal aluminum alloy pipe with a maximum internal clearance of 100mm and a single-sided clearance of 50mm. The freezing pipe 41 is coaxially inserted into the pre-embedded pipe 5, and the gap between the outer wall of the freezing pipe 41 and the inner wall of the pre-embedded pipe 5 does not exceed 2mm, so as to ensure the effective freezing of the soil by the freezing pipe 41.
[0032] Preferably, six groups of thermoelectric coolers 42 are arranged and laid on the six inner walls of the regular hexagonal aluminum alloy tube. The size of a single thermoelectric cooler 42 does not exceed 40*40mm, which facilitates freezing of soil at different depths. The power supply 2 of the cooler can be an adjustable voltage DC power supply, which provides different operating power to the thermoelectric coolers 42, thereby enabling the thermoelectric coolers 42 to form different freezing effects on the soil.
[0033] The heat dissipation surfaces of the six sets of semiconductor cooling chips 42 are connected to long internal heat dissipation copper plates 43. Preferably, the size of the internal heat dissipation copper plates 43 is 45*2mm.
[0034] Please see the appendix Figure 1 Each heat dissipation component includes a circulating water pipe 61 and a circulating water pump 62; one end of the two circulating water pipes 61 is connected to both ends of the freezing pipe 41, and the other end of the two circulating water pipes 61 is connected to the heat exchange box 3. The circulating water pump 62 is installed on one of the circulating water pipes 61, so that a circulating channel for water supply is formed between the heat exchange box 3 and the freezing pipe 41.
[0035] Since heat is generated at the other end of the thermoelectric cooler 42, cooling water is poured into the heat exchange box 3. The cooling water is pumped to the freezing tube 41 by the circulating water pump 62 through the circulating water pipe 61. In this way, the heat generated at the other end of the thermoelectric cooler 42 is removed by heat exchange, ensuring the safe and continuous cooling of the thermoelectric cooler 42.
[0036] Please see the appendix Figure 1 The circulating water pumps 62 of several groups of heat dissipation components are all externally connected to a circulating water controller 63 and a power supply.
[0037] Preferably, the circulating water controller 63 can be a microcomputer controller of the prior art, used to control parameters such as the opening and closing of the circulating water pump 62 and the pumping flow rate. A temperature sensor can be installed on the heat dissipation copper fin 43 inside the freezing pipe 41. The temperature sensor collects the temperature inside the freezing pipe 41 and sends it to the circulating water controller 63. The circulating water controller 63 can preset a corresponding temperature threshold (e.g., 60°C) according to the operating requirements of the semiconductor cooling chip 42. When the temperature collected by the temperature sensor exceeds the temperature threshold, the circulating water controller 63 controls the circulating water pump 62 to turn on, circulating cold water into the freezing pipe 41 for heat dissipation.
[0038] If the temperature collected by the temperature sensor exceeds the temperature threshold, the overheating of the thermoelectric cooler 42 can be prevented by lowering the voltage of the cooler power supply 2 or temporarily interrupting the freezing measures. The copper material of the heat dissipation copper fin 43 inside the tube can not only provide rapid and effective heat dissipation for the thermoelectric cooler 42 during water circulation, but also improve the temperature monitoring accuracy of the temperature sensor.
[0039] A temperature sensor can also be installed inside the heat exchange box 3 to monitor the water temperature inside the heat exchange box 3. Preferably, the water temperature inside the heat exchange box 3 does not exceed 30°C to ensure effective heat dissipation.
[0040] Please see the appendix Figure 3 The gap between the freezing tube 41 and the pre-embedded tube 5 is filled with antifreeze lubricating oil 7, which makes it easy to pull the freezing tube 41 out of the pre-embedded tube 5 or to reinsert the freezing tube 41 into the pre-embedded tube 5.
[0041] The acoustic wave detection component includes an acoustic wave transmitter and an acoustic wave receiver (not shown in the figure). The acoustic wave transmitter and the acoustic wave receiver are respectively installed in the pre-embedded pipes 5 of two adjacent mounting holes 10. The acoustic wave transmitter and the acoustic wave receiver are located at the same height and move synchronously from bottom to top.
[0042] The acoustic wave transmitter and the acoustic wave receiver are respectively installed in two adjacent pre-embedded pipes 5. The acoustic wave transmitter is used to send acoustic waves into the soil, and the acoustic wave receiver is used to receive acoustic waves. This is used for testing the acoustic wave velocity of frozen soil, so that it can be applied to comprehensively determine the expansion rate of the freezing front and the freezing effect.
[0043] It is important to note that during the permafrost acoustic velocity test, the acoustic transmitter and receiver need to be at the same height. The acoustic transmitter and receiver can be raised synchronously from bottom to top to achieve full-profile permafrost acoustic velocity testing.
[0044] During the acoustic velocity test of frozen soil, the cooling component needs to be removed from the pre-embedded pipe 5, and the pre-embedded pipe 5 needs to be filled with antifreeze as a coupling medium. After the acoustic velocity test of frozen soil is completed, the acoustic transmitter and receiver are removed from the pre-embedded pipe 5, and the cooling component is reinserted into the pre-embedded pipe 5 to continue the freezing of the soil.
[0045] Please see the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 Each set of electrical detection components includes a potential probe 81 and a resistivity tester 82; two potential probes 81 are inserted into the soil on the line connecting the centers of the freezing pipes 41 of the two adjacent sets of refrigeration components, and the resistivity tester 82 is set outside the test chamber 1. The resistivity tester 82 is connected to the potential probes 81 and the pre-embedded pipe 5 to form a circuit loop.
[0046] Vertical potential probes 81 are arranged along the center line of the freezing pipe 41, with two potential probes 81 located in the middle of the test chamber 1. The two adjacent pre-embedded pipes 5 and the two potential probes 81 between them serve as the four electrodes of the electrical resistivity detection assembly. Based on the principle of symmetrical four-electrode profile electrical resistivity detection, after connecting an external DC power supply, the changes in the electric field and resistivity of the frozen soil are monitored through the resistivity tester 82.
[0047] The resistivity tester 82 has a testing range of 10 to 10. 4 Ω·m, the power supply to the cooler 2 needs to be temporarily cut off during the test to reduce current interference.
[0048] The use of symmetrical quadrupole profile electrical resistivity to detect changes in electric field and resistivity is a standard measurement method in this field, and its specific testing process will not be described in detail here.
[0049] Please see the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 The temperature measuring component includes a temperature measuring rod 91 and a temperature controller 92. The temperature measuring rod 91 is inserted into the soil outside the freezing tube 41 of the refrigeration component. Several temperature measuring rods 91 are arranged circumferentially and form multiple concentric circles outside the freezing tube 41. The outermost concentric circles of two adjacent sets of refrigeration components are tangent to each other. The outermost concentric circles of the refrigeration components are also tangent to the inner wall of the test chamber 1. Temperature measuring rods 91 are also provided in the soil between the outermost concentric circles of two adjacent sets of refrigeration components and the inner wall of the test chamber 1.
[0050] The temperature measuring component monitors the changes in the frozen soil temperature field in real time through temperature measuring rods 91. The placement and number of temperature measuring rods 91 can be adaptively adjusted according to actual test requirements. Preferably, the temperature measuring rods 91 form two concentric circles on the outside of the freezing tube 41, with eight temperature measuring rods 91 evenly spaced on each concentric circle. The temperature measuring rods 91 on the two concentric circles are arranged one-to-one and located radially on the concentric circles. An additional temperature measuring rod 91 is added in the soil between the two outer concentric circles and the inner wall of the test chamber 1 as a measuring point to ensure temperature monitoring of the soil at various locations within the test chamber 1.
[0051] Preferably, the temperature controller 92 can be a microcomputer controller of the prior art, used to collect the temperature data monitored by each temperature measuring rod 91, and then use it to comprehensively determine the freezing front expansion rate and freezing effect.
[0052] Please see the appendix Figure 1 To be continued Figure 4 The working process and working principle of this utility model are as follows:
[0053] A freezing test is conducted on the soil inside the test chamber 1 using the semiconductor cooling chip 42 of the cooling component. During the freezing process, the temperature field changes of the frozen soil at different locations inside the test chamber 1 can be measured using the temperature measuring rod 91 of the temperature measuring component. The changes in the electric field and resistivity of the frozen soil inside the test chamber 1 can be measured using the electrical resistivity detection component. The cooling component can dissipate heat from the cooling component. After temporarily removing the cooling component, the frozen soil acoustic velocity can be tested using the acoustic wave detection component.
[0054] Based on the changes in the frozen soil temperature field, the changes in the frozen soil electric field and resistivity, and the frozen soil acoustic wave velocity, the freezing front expansion rate and freezing effect can be comprehensively determined. This allows for the accurate determination of the freezing characteristics of the corresponding engineering site strata and the freezing curtain expansion parameters, thereby accurately predicting the actual freezing construction cycle, freezing process, and reinforcement effect, and reducing the risk of freezing construction.
[0055] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present utility model. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the scope of protection of the present utility model.
Claims
1. An integrated indoor testing system for studying the freezing characteristics of artificially frozen soil, characterized by: The test chamber (1) includes a refrigeration component, a temperature measuring component, an electrical detection component, an acoustic detection component, and a heat dissipation component. The test chamber (1) is a sealed, insulated box filled with soil. Several vertically arranged mounting holes (10) are formed in the middle of the soil, so that several sets of refrigeration components or several sets of acoustic detection components can be inserted into the mounting holes (10) respectively. Each set of refrigeration components is connected to an external refrigeration power supply (2), and the temperature measuring component is arranged in the soil outside the refrigeration component. Each set of refrigeration components is connected to a heat dissipation component, and each set of heat dissipation components is connected to an external heat exchange box (3). An electrical detection component is provided on the center line connecting two adjacent sets of refrigeration components.
2. The integrated indoor testing system for studying the freezing characteristics of artificially frozen soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting hole (10) is provided with a pre-embedded tube (5), and the cooling component or the acoustic wave detection component is inserted into the pre-embedded tube (5); the pre-embedded tube (5) is a conductive metal tube, and the electrical detection component is connected to the pre-embedded tube (5).
3. The integrated indoor testing system for studying the freezing characteristics of artificially frozen soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each cooling assembly includes a freezing tube (41), a semiconductor cooling chip (42), and a heat dissipation copper plate (43) inside the tube; the freezing tube (41) is inserted into a pre-embedded tube (5); several semiconductor cooling chips (42) are respectively arranged in the freezing tube (41) and connected to the external cooling power supply (2); the heat absorption surface of the semiconductor cooling chip (42) is laid on the inner wall of the freezing tube (41), and the heat dissipation copper plate (43) inside the tube is laid on the heat dissipation surface of the semiconductor cooling chip (42); the heat dissipation assembly connects the freezing tube (41) and the heat exchange box (3).
4. The integrated indoor testing system for studying the freezing characteristics of artificially frozen soil according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each heat dissipation component includes a circulating water pipe (61) and a circulating water pump (62); one end of each of the two circulating water pipes (61) is connected to both ends of the freezing pipe (41), and the other end of each of the two circulating water pipes (61) is connected to the heat exchange box (3). The circulating water pump (62) is installed on one of the circulating water pipes (61) so that a circulating channel for water supply is formed between the heat exchange box (3) and the freezing pipe (41).
5. The integrated indoor testing system for studying the freezing characteristics of artificially frozen soil according to claim 4, characterized in that: The circulating water pumps (62) of several groups of heat dissipation components are all externally connected to a circulating water controller (63) and a power supply.
6. The integrated indoor testing system for studying the freezing characteristics of artificially frozen soil according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gap between the freezing pipe (41) and the pre-embedded pipe (5) is filled with antifreeze lubricating oil (7).
7. The integrated indoor testing system for studying the freezing characteristics of artificially frozen soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The acoustic wave detection component includes an acoustic wave transmitter and an acoustic wave receiver. The acoustic wave transmitter and the acoustic wave receiver are respectively installed in the pre-embedded pipes (5) of two adjacent mounting holes (10). The acoustic wave transmitter and the acoustic wave receiver are located at the same height and move synchronously from bottom to top.
8. The integrated indoor testing system for studying the freezing characteristics of artificially frozen soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each set of electrical detection components includes a potential probe (81) and a resistivity tester (82); two potential probes (81) are inserted into the soil on the line connecting the centers of two adjacent sets of refrigeration components, and the resistivity tester (82) is set outside the test chamber (1). The resistivity tester (82) is connected to the potential probes (81) and the pre-embedded pipe (5) to form a circuit loop.
9. The integrated indoor testing system for studying the freezing characteristics of artificially frozen soil according to claim 3, characterized in that: The temperature measuring component includes a temperature measuring rod (91) and a temperature controller (92). The temperature measuring rod (91) is inserted into the soil outside the freezing tube (41) of the refrigeration component. Several temperature measuring rods (91) are arranged circumferentially and form multiple concentric circles outside the freezing tube (41). The outermost concentric circles of two adjacent refrigeration components are tangent to each other. The outermost concentric circles of the refrigeration components are also tangent to the inner wall of the test chamber (1). Temperature measuring rods (91) are also provided in the soil between the outermost concentric circles of two adjacent refrigeration components and the inner wall of the test chamber (1).