Protocol conversion device

Abstract

The protocol conversion device comprises a main control module, a serial port reverse circuit, a TTL-to-485 circuit, a CAN transceiver isolation module, a power supply module and wiring terminals, the input end of the serial port reverse circuit is connected with the main control module, the output end of the serial port reverse circuit is connected with the first wiring terminal, the input end of the TTL-to-485 circuit is connected with the main control module, and the output end of the TTL-to-485 circuit is connected with the CAN transceiver isolation module. The input end of the CAN transceiver isolation module is connected with the main control module, the output end of the CAN transceiver isolation module is connected with the third wiring terminal, and the input end of the CAN transceiver isolation module is connected with the fourth wiring terminal. According to the protocol conversion device provided by the invention, the third-party equipment can communicate with the unmanned vehicle. The problem of communication compatibility between the unmanned vehicle and the third-party equipment is solved, and the cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to a protocol conversion device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of unmanned vehicle (UAV) technology (such as drones, unmanned vehicles, and unmanned boats), its application scenarios are becoming increasingly widespread, covering multiple fields such as environmental monitoring, agricultural plant protection, logistics and transportation, and security patrol. However, different brands and models of UAVs often use different communication interfaces and protocols, making it difficult for third-party devices to directly access and control them. Most existing protocol conversion devices have limited functions and cannot meet the complex and ever-changing communication needs.

[0003] Therefore, how to provide a protocol conversion device that can support the conversion of multiple communication protocols, improve the compatibility and flexibility of unmanned vehicle communication systems, and reduce costs is a technical problem that needs to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a protocol conversion device to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] This utility model provides a protocol conversion device, comprising:

[0007] The system includes a main control module, a serial port inversion circuit, a TTL to 485 converter, a CAN transceiver isolation module, and first, second, third, and fourth terminal blocks. The input of the serial port inversion circuit is connected to the main control module, and its output is connected to the first terminal block. The input of the TTL to 485 converter is connected to the main control module, and its outputs are connected to the third and fourth terminal blocks, respectively. The input of the CAN transceiver isolation module is connected to the main control module, and its output is connected to the third terminal block. The main control module is connected to the second terminal block.

[0008] Optionally, a power module is also included, and the main control module is connected to the power module.

[0009] Optionally, the main control module includes a control chip, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a twelfth resistor, a third capacitor, and a first resistor. Pin 1 of the control chip is grounded. Pin 2 of the control chip is connected to the output terminal of the power module. One end of the first capacitor and one end of the second capacitor are connected to the power module. The other ends of the first capacitor and the second capacitor are both grounded. Pin 3 of the control chip is connected to one end of the twelfth resistor and one end of the third capacitor. The other end of the twelfth resistor is connected to the output terminal of the power module. The other end of the third capacitor is grounded. The first I / O pin of the control chip is connected to the second transmitting terminal in the second terminal block through the first resistor. Pin 30 of the control chip is connected to the first receiving terminal of the second terminal block. Pin 31 of the control chip is connected to the first transmitting terminal of the second terminal block. The control chip is model ESP32-WROOM-32.

[0010] Optionally, the main control module further includes a fourteenth resistor, a fourth resistor, a first onboard indicator light, and a second onboard indicator light. The second IO pin of the control chip is connected to the first onboard indicator light and then grounded through the fourteenth resistor. The third IO pin of the control chip is connected to the second onboard indicator light and then grounded through the fourth resistor.

[0011] Optionally, the main control module further includes a pin header and a filter circuit, which are respectively connected to the control chip.

[0012] Optionally, the serial port reverse circuit includes at least a transistor, a tenth resistor, and an eleventh resistor. The base of the transistor is connected to the first terminal through the tenth resistor, and the eleventh resistor is connected to the control chip.

[0013] Optionally, the TTL to 485 circuit includes an RS-485 transceiver module (model RSM485_C19724249), a third resistor, a fifth resistor, an eighteenth resistor, and a nineteenth resistor. Pin 1 of the RS-485 transceiver module is connected to pin 30 of the control chip via the third resistor. Pin 2 of the RS-485 transceiver module is connected to pin 31 of the control chip via the fifth resistor. Pin 5 of the RS-485 transceiver module is connected to the 485A line connection terminal of the third terminal via the nineteenth resistor. Pin 8 of the RS-485 transceiver module is connected to the 485B line connection terminal of the fourth terminal via the eighteenth resistor.

[0014] Optionally, the CAN transceiver isolation module includes a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, a ninth resistor, and a CAN isolation transceiver of model TD301MCAN_C5451843. Pin 1 of the CAN isolation transceiver is connected to pin 26 of the control chip through the sixth resistor. Pin 2 of the CAN isolation transceiver is connected to pin 29 of the control chip through the seventh resistor. Pin 7 of the CAN isolation transceiver is connected to the CANH line connection terminal of the third terminal block and one end of the ninth resistor. Pin 6 of the CAN isolation transceiver is connected to the CANL line connection terminal of the third terminal block and the other end of the ninth resistor.

[0015] Optionally, the power module includes a 9-36V to 5V isolated step-down submodule and a 5V to 3.3V regulated power supply submodule. The input terminal of the 9-36V to 5V isolated step-down submodule is connected to DC power, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the 5V to 3.3V regulated power supply submodule. The output terminal of the 5V to 3.3V regulated power supply submodule is connected to the main control module, the serial port inverting circuit, the TTL to 485 circuit, and the CAN transceiver isolation module. The 9-36V to 5V isolated step-down submodule is an isolated power chip of model URB2405YMD, and the 5V to 3.3V regulated power supply submodule includes at least a voltage regulator chip of model AMS1117.

[0016] Beneficial effects:

[0017] This invention proposes a protocol conversion device that integrates multiple protocol conversions into one device. This enables third-party devices to easily communicate with unmanned vehicles, and facilitates protocol conversion for various non-standard devices, significantly reducing costs. It also solves the communication compatibility problem between unmanned vehicles and third-party devices. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multifunctional protocol conversion device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 2 A circuit diagram of a main control module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 3 A circuit diagram of a pin header provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 4 A circuit diagram of a filter circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 5 A circuit diagram of a serial port reverse circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 6A TTL to 485 circuit diagram provided for embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 7 A circuit diagram of a CAN transceiver isolation module provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 8 A circuit diagram of a 9-36V to 5V isolated step-down submodule provided in this application embodiment;

[0026] Figure 9 This application provides a 5V to 3.3V regulated power supply submodule.

[0027] Figure 10 A circuit diagram of various terminals provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] In the diagram: P1, first terminal block; P2, second terminal block; P3, third terminal block; P4, fourth terminal block; U7, control chip; C1, first capacitor; C2, second capacitor; R12, twelfth resistor; C3, third capacitor; R1, first resistor; R14, fourteenth resistor; R4, fourth resistor; L1, first onboard indicator light; L2, second onboard indicator light; J1, pin header; C4, fourth capacitor; R11, eleventh resistor; R13, thirteenth resistor; Q2, transistor; R10, tenth resistor; R11, eleventh resistor; U6, RS-485 transceiver module; R3, third resistor; R5, fifth resistor; R18, eighteenth resistor; R19, nineteenth resistor; R6, sixth resistor; R7, seventh resistor; R9, ninth resistor; U8, CAN isolation transceiver. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the present utility model will be briefly introduced below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and descriptions of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following description of the structure of the accompanying drawings is only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand this utility model, but does not constitute a limitation on this utility model.

[0030] Example 1:

[0031] 1. MAVLink communication protocol

[0032] MAVLink is a communication protocol commonly used in the field of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) that transmits data via a CAN interface. The sending end (third-party device) packages the data into MAVLink messages, while the receiving end (protocol conversion device) receives the data via a serial port or CAN interface, parses the MAVLink messages, extracts useful information, and then sends it to the unmanned vehicle.

[0033] 2. SBUS Protocol

[0034] SBUS is a digital signal transmission protocol used for drone remote controllers, transmitting up to 16 channels of data using a single signal line. SBUS data consists of 25 bytes, including a start byte, channel data bytes, flag bits, and an end byte. In this embodiment, the protocol conversion device receives SBUS data through P1 and parses the channel values ​​according to the protocol format.

[0035] 3. RS-485 interface

[0036] The RS-485 interface employs a balanced differential circuit, supporting long-distance transmission and multi-device connectivity. It operates in half-duplex mode, transmitting data via differential signals. To ensure reliable data transmission, the RS-485 interface typically includes algorithms for data buffering, error detection, and correction. The protocol conversion device in this embodiment receives various data through the RS-485 interface.

[0037] 4. Modbus Protocol

[0038] Modbus is a serial communication protocol that supports master-slave communication. The master device sends query or operation commands to the slave device, and the slave device executes the corresponding operation and returns the result. Modbus messages include address fields, function codes, data fields, and checksums, and the communication process includes message sending, receiving, and parsing.

[0039] 5. Pelcod Protocol

[0040] Pelcod is a fieldbus protocol based on RS485 as the physical layer, used to control the pan-tilt-zoom (PTZ) of unmanned vehicles to perform actions such as rotation and zoom. A Pelcod message includes a frame start, address field, control field, data field, and frame end. The protocol conversion device in this embodiment can convert between the Modbus protocol and the Pelcod protocol.

[0041] Because various sensors and actuators use vastly different interfaces and protocols, these devices are incompatible when connected to unmanned vehicles, rendering them unusable. The protocol conversion device in this application, through its various circuits, achieves protocol conversion between TTL, 485, and CAN interfaces using SBUS, MAVLink, DroneCAN, Modbus, and PelcoD / P protocols, enabling third-party devices to easily communicate with unmanned vehicles. It also facilitates protocol conversion for various non-standard devices.

[0042] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of a protocol conversion device according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprising:

[0043] The system includes a main control module, a serial port inversion circuit, a TTL to 485 converter, a CAN transceiver isolation module, a power supply module, and first terminal blocks P1, second terminal blocks P2, third terminal blocks P3, and fourth terminal blocks P4. These terminals connect to corresponding third-party devices based on their interface types. The core of the main control module is an ESP32-WROOM-32 model control chip U7, which is scalable and adaptive. The main control module performs data reading and sending, as well as data packaging and distribution functions for each interface / module; this is existing technology. The serial port inversion circuit is used to implement SBUS protocol communication. For example, it can logically flip the level of the SBUS signal output by the remote controller receiver of a drone remote controller, and finally implement SBUS protocol communication through the main program of the protocol conversion device. The TTL to 485 converter circuit converts the received TTL level signal into a 485 signal for protocol conversion. The power supply module provides power support for the entire board. The CAN transceiver isolation module, whose core is the TD301MCAN isolation transceiver U8, mainly converts logic levels to differential levels for the CAN bus. The product has a built-in constant voltage isolation power supply, which can achieve 2500VDC electrical isolation. The CAN transceiver isolation module can be easily embedded into third-party devices, enabling these devices to easily achieve CAN bus network connectivity.

[0044] The serial port inversion circuit of the multi-functional protocol converter has its input connected to the main control module and its output connected to the first terminal P1. The TTL to 485 circuit has its input connected to the main control module and its output connected to the third terminal P3 and the fourth terminal P4, respectively. The CAN transceiver isolation module has its input connected to the main control module and its output connected to the third terminal P3. The main control module is connected to the power supply module and the second terminal P2, respectively.

[0045] Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) use serial interfaces with TTL interfaces supporting SBUS and Mavlink protocols, and CAN interfaces supporting Droncan protocols. Industrial control PLCs use RS-485 interfaces supporting Modbus protocols, while vehicle-mounted gimbals use PelcoD / P protocols. Various sensors and actuators also have vastly different interfaces and protocols. When these devices are connected to UAVs, their interfaces and protocols are incompatible, rendering them unusable. This application's protocol conversion device, through its various circuits, achieves protocol conversion between TTL, RS-485, and CAN interfaces using SBUS, Mavlink, Droncan, Modbus, and PelcoD / P protocols, enabling third-party devices to easily communicate with UAVs. It also supports protocol conversion for various non-standard devices.

[0046] As an embodiment of this application, Figure 2 This is the circuit diagram of the main control module of this application. Figure 10 The circuit diagram for each terminal block is shown below. The main control module includes a control chip U7, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a twelfth resistor R12, a third capacitor C3, and a first resistor R1. Pin 1 of the control chip U7 is grounded, and pin 2 of the control chip U7 is connected to the output terminal of the power module. One end of the first capacitor C1 and one end of the second capacitor C2 are connected to the power module, and the other ends of the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are both grounded. Pin 3 of the control chip U7 is connected to one end of the twelfth resistor R12 and one end of the third capacitor C3, respectively. The other end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected to the output terminal of the power module. The third capacitor C1... The other end of pin 3 is grounded. The first I / O pin of control chip U7 is connected to the second transmitter TX2 in the second terminal P2 through the first resistor R1. Pin 30 of control chip U7 is connected to the first receiver RX1 of the second terminal P2, and pin 31 of control chip U7 is connected to the first transmitter TX1 of the second terminal P2. The core of the main control module is the control chip U7, model ESP32-WROOM-32, which is expandable and adaptive. It also integrates a wealth of peripherals, including a capacitive touch sensor, SD card interface, TTL interface, CAN interface, high-speed SDIO / SPI, UART interface, and 485 interface. It should be noted that any circuit in the entire circuit with "TX~" in its name is a TTL interface. The main control module can write the received data to the corresponding interface for storage and send data out through the corresponding interface.

[0047] The main control module also includes a fourteenth resistor R14, a fourth resistor R4, a first onboard indicator L1, and a second onboard indicator L2. The second IO pin of the control chip U7 is connected to the first onboard indicator and then grounded through the fourteenth resistor R14. The third IO pin of the control chip U7 is connected to the second onboard indicator and then grounded through the fourth resistor R4. The onboard indicator lights in this application are LED status lights, which indicate the working status of the multi-functional protocol conversion device through different flashing frequencies or display colors.

[0048] refer to Figure 3 This is the circuit diagram for pin header J1. Figure 4 The circuit diagram shows the filtering circuit. The main control module also includes a pin header J1 and a filtering circuit. The pin header J1 is used for signal transmission and can be connected to an external controller for program download. The pin header J1 and the filtering circuit are connected to the control chip U7. The filtering circuit includes a fourth capacitor C4, an eleventh resistor R111, and a thirteenth resistor R13. The filtering circuit is used to filter the entire circuit.

[0049] As one embodiment of this application, reference is made to Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of a serial port inversion circuit. The serial port inversion circuit includes at least a transistor Q2, a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11, and a twelfth resistor R12. The base of transistor Q2 is connected to the first terminal P1 through the tenth resistor R10, and the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the control chip U7. The connection between the serial port inversion circuit and the main control module enables SBUS communication via a TTL interface.

[0050] As one embodiment of this application, reference is made to Figure 6 This is a TTL to 485 circuit diagram. The TTL to 485 circuit includes an RS-485 transceiver module U6, a third resistor R3, a fifth resistor R5, an eighteenth resistor R18, and a nineteenth resistor R19. The RS-485 transceiver module U6 is model RSM485M. Pin 1 of the RS-485 transceiver module U6 is connected to pin 30 of the control chip U7 through the third resistor R3. Pin 2 of the RS-485 transceiver module U6 is connected to pin 31 of the control chip U7 through the fifth resistor R5. Pin 5 of the RS-485 transceiver module U6 is connected to the 485A line connection terminal of the third terminal (P3) through the nineteenth resistor R19. Pin 8 of the RS-485 transceiver module U6 is connected to the 485B line connection terminal of the fourth terminal P4 through the eighteenth resistor R18.

[0051] As one embodiment of this application, reference is made to Figure 7The circuit diagram shows the CAN transceiver isolation module, which includes a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, a ninth resistor R9, and a CAN isolation transceiver U8. Pin 1 of the CAN isolation transceiver U8 is connected to pin 26 of the control chip U7 through the sixth resistor R6. Pin 2 of the CAN isolation transceiver U8 is connected to pin 29 of the control chip U7 through the seventh resistor R7. Pin 7 of the CAN isolation transceiver U8 is connected to the CANH line connection terminal of the third terminal P3 and one end of the ninth resistor R9. Pin 6 of the CAN isolation transceiver U8 is connected to the CANL line connection terminal of the third terminal P3 and the other end of the ninth resistor R9.

[0052] As one embodiment of this application, reference is made to Figure 8 This is the circuit diagram for a 9-36V to 5V isolated step-down submodule. Figure 9 This is a circuit diagram of a 5V to 3.3V regulated power supply submodule. The power module includes a 9-36V to 5V isolated buck module and a 5V to 3.3V regulated power supply module. The input of the 9-36V to 5V isolated buck module is connected to DC power, and its output is connected to the input of the 5V to 3.3V regulated power supply module. The output of the 5V to 3.3V regulated power supply module is connected to the main control module. The power module provides both 5V and 3.3V power, which respectively power the various chips or circuit modules on the protocol conversion device, eliminating the need for separate batteries, charging plugs, etc.

[0053] The following explanation will be provided in the context of specific application scenarios:

[0054] Spectrum analyzer to MAVLink protocol: The hardware interface of the spectrum analyzer is TTL. The hardware interface of the protocol conversion device in this application is two TTL channels, one of which is connected to the spectrum analyzer and the other is connected to the flight controller serial port for MAVLink communication.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A protocol conversion apparatus, characterized by comprising: include: The system includes a main control module, a serial port inversion circuit, a TTL to 485 converter, a CAN transceiver isolation module, and first terminal blocks (P1), second terminal blocks (P2), third terminal blocks (P3), and fourth terminal blocks (P4). The input of the serial port inversion circuit is connected to the main control module, and its output is connected to the first terminal block (P1). The input of the TTL to 485 converter is connected to the main control module, and its outputs are connected to the third terminal block (P3) and the fourth terminal block (P4), respectively. The input of the CAN transceiver isolation module is connected to the main control module, and its output is connected to the third terminal block (P3). The main control module is connected to the second terminal block (P2).

2. The protocol conversion device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a power module, and the main control module is connected to the power module.

3. The protocol conversion device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main control module includes a control chip (U7), a first capacitor (C1), a second capacitor (C2), a twelfth resistor (R12), a third capacitor (C3), and a first resistor (R1). Pin 1 of the control chip (U7) is grounded, and pin 2 of the control chip (U7) is connected to the output terminal of the power module. One end of the first capacitor (C1) and one end of the second capacitor (C2) are connected to the power module. The other ends of both the first capacitor (C1) and the second capacitor (C2) are grounded. Pin 3 of the control chip (U7) is connected to one end of the twelfth resistor (R12) and one end of the third capacitor (C3). One end of the third capacitor (C3) is connected to the output terminal of the power module, and the other end of the twelfth resistor (R12) is connected to the ground. The first IO pin of the control chip (U7) is connected to the second transmitter (TX2) in the second terminal (P2) through the first resistor (R1). The 30th pin of the control chip (U7) is connected to the first receiver (RX1) of the second terminal (P2), and the 31st pin of the control chip (U7) is connected to the first transmitter (TX1) of the second terminal (P2). The model of the control chip (U7) is ESP32-WROOM-32.

4. The protocol conversion device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The main control module also includes a fourteenth resistor (R14), a fourth resistor (R4), a first onboard indicator light (L1), and a second onboard indicator light (L2). The second IO pin of the control chip (U7) is connected to the first onboard indicator light and then grounded through the fourteenth resistor (R14). The third IO pin of the control chip (U7) is connected to the second onboard indicator light and then grounded through the fourth resistor (R4).

5. The protocol conversion device of claim 3, wherein, Also includes: The main control module also includes a pin header and a filter circuit, which are connected to the control chip (U7).

6. The protocol conversion device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The serial port reverse circuit includes at least a transistor (Q2), a tenth resistor (R10), and an eleventh resistor (R11). The base of the transistor (Q2) is connected to the first terminal (P1) through the tenth resistor (R10), and the eleventh resistor (R11) is connected to the control chip (U7).

7. The protocol conversion device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The TTL to 485 circuit includes an RS-485 transceiver module (U6) of model RSM485_C19724249, a third resistor (R3), a fifth resistor (R5), an eighteenth resistor (R18), and a nineteenth resistor (R19). Pin 1 of the RS-485 transceiver module (U6) is connected to pin 30 of the control chip (U7) through the third resistor (R3). Pin 2 of the RS-485 transceiver module (U6) is connected to pin 31 of the control chip (U7) through the fifth resistor (R5). Pin 5 of the RS-485 transceiver module (U6) is connected to the 485A line connection terminal of the third terminal (P3) through the nineteenth resistor (R19). Pin 8 of the RS-485 transceiver module (U6) is connected to the 485B line connection terminal of the fourth terminal (P4) through the eighteenth resistor (R18).

8. The protocol conversion device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The CAN transceiver isolation module includes a sixth resistor (R6), a seventh resistor (R7), a ninth resistor (R9), and a CAN isolation transceiver (U8) of model TD301MCAN_C5451843. Pin 1 of the CAN isolation transceiver (U8) is connected to pin 26 of the control chip (U7) through the sixth resistor (R6). Pin 2 of the CAN isolation transceiver (U8) is connected to pin 29 of the control chip (U7) through the seventh resistor (R7). Pin 7 of the CAN isolation transceiver (U8) is connected to the CANH line connection terminal of the third terminal (P3) and one end of the ninth resistor (R9). Pin 6 of the CAN isolation transceiver (U8) is connected to the CANL line connection terminal of the third terminal (P3) and the other end of the ninth resistor (R9).

9. The protocol conversion device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power module includes a 9~36V to 5V isolated step-down submodule and a 5V to 3.3V regulated power supply submodule. The input of the 9~36V to 5V isolated step-down submodule is connected to DC power, and the output is connected to the input of the 5V to 3.3V regulated power supply submodule. The output of the 5V to 3.3V regulated power supply submodule is connected to the main control module, the serial port inverting circuit, the TTL to 485 circuit, and the CAN transceiver isolation module. The 9~36V to 5V isolated step-down submodule uses an isolation power chip of model URB2405YMD, and the 5V to 3.3V regulated power supply submodule includes at least a voltage regulator chip of model AMS1117.

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