Supporting structure for leading small guide pipe for unilateral conduction tunnel to go out of hole

Abstract

The utility model discloses a single-side conduction tunnel out-of-hole advance small guide pipe supporting structure, and particularly relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, the single-side conduction tunnel out-of-hole advance small guide pipe supporting structure comprises a tunnel section, a supporting mechanism and a reinforcing mechanism, the supporting mechanism is installed on the side face of the tunnel section, and the reinforcing mechanism is installed on the inner diameter surface of the supporting mechanism. The supporting mechanism comprises a support assembly, a wrapping assembly and pouring concrete, the wrapping assembly is installed above the support assembly, the pouring concrete is installed on the surface of the outer wall of the wrapping assembly, the reinforcing mechanism comprises a steel pipe assembly, a sealing assembly and a slurry sealing layer, the sealing assembly is installed on the outer diameter surface of the steel pipe assembly, and the slurry sealing layer is installed on the sealing assembly. A slurry sealing layer is installed on the inner diameter surface of the sealing assembly, a rigid protection frame is formed through cooperation of the support assembly and the wrapping assembly, and the compression resistance of materials is fully exerted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and more specifically, to a single-sided tunnel exit pre-exit small guide pipe support structure. Background Technology

[0002] As tunnel construction expands to complex geological conditions, traditional advanced small pipe support has revealed obvious limitations in the construction of single-sided tunnels, such as poor bonding between the support structure and the surrounding rock, insufficient pull-out and bending resistance, and poor waterproof sealing effect. In addition, some support structures are unable to effectively cope with the extrusion pressure of the surrounding rock on the structure and the dynamic loads during construction.

[0003] In the production process, the existing publication CN209067230U discloses an advanced densely arranged small-diameter pipe grouting reinforcement structure for loess tunnel entrances. This structure includes multiple advanced small-diameter pipe support structures for advanced support of the tunnel entrance section of the constructed loess tunnel. Each advanced small-diameter pipe support structure includes multiple grouting pipes and a guiding device for guiding these grouting pipes. The guiding device includes a guiding arch frame with multiple installation holes for installing the grouting pipes from left to right. The circumferential spacing between two adjacent installation holes is 18-22 cm. This structure is simple, rationally designed, easy to construct, and has good performance. By using multiple advanced pipe grouting structures to reinforce the tunnel entrance section and limiting the circumferential spacing of the small pipes in each advanced pipe grouting structure to form a stable bearing ring, it can effectively improve the self-stabilizing capacity of the soil layers around the tunnel, effectively save construction costs and time, and effectively reduce disturbance to the soil at the tunnel entrance. The inventors discovered the following problems with the existing technology during the development of this utility model:

[0004] Traditional tunnel exit pre-exit small pipe support equipment consists of a single straight pipe without a steel cage to enhance the rigidity of the small pipe. Furthermore, the grouting holes on the small pipe are randomly distributed and the sealing measures are rudimentary. Grout overflow often leads to insufficient grouting pressure and uneven diffusion, resulting in loose bonding between the surrounding rock and the pipe. In addition, traditional tunnel exit pre-exit small pipe support equipment without waterproof design will suffer from corrosion of internal steel components due to rainwater infiltration after concrete pouring, which will significantly shorten the service life of the support structure.

[0005] Therefore, a single-sided tunnel exit pre-exit small guide pipe support structure is proposed to address the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, this utility model provides a single-sided conductive tunnel exit pre-conductor support structure to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a single-sided tunnel exit pre-exit small guide pipe support structure, comprising a tunnel section, a support mechanism, and a reinforcement mechanism. The support mechanism is installed on the side of the tunnel section, and the reinforcement mechanism is installed on the inner diameter surface of the support mechanism. The support mechanism includes a bracket assembly, a wrapping assembly, and poured concrete. The wrapping assembly is installed above the bracket assembly, and the outer wall surface of the wrapping assembly is covered with poured concrete. The reinforcement mechanism includes a steel pipe assembly, a sealing assembly, and a grouting layer. The sealing assembly is installed on the outer diameter surface of the steel pipe assembly, and the grouting layer is installed on the inner diameter surface of the sealing assembly.

[0008] Preferably, the support assembly includes a base limiting plate, a steel arch frame, and a guide tube, with the steel arch frame installed on the side of the base limiting plate and the guide tube installed on the top of the steel arch frame.

[0009] Preferably, the packaging assembly includes a waterproof layer, an assembly steel mold, and an assembly wooden mold, with the assembly wooden mold installed below the waterproof layer and the assembly steel mold located below the assembly wooden mold.

[0010] Preferably, the steel pipe assembly includes a small guide tube, a reinforcing cage, and a grouting layer, wherein the reinforcing cage is installed on the inner diameter surface of the small guide tube, and the grouting layer is installed on the outer diameter surface of the reinforcing cage.

[0011] Preferably, the sealing assembly includes a grout stop plug, an exhaust pipe, and a sealing ring, wherein the grout stop plug is fitted with an exhaust pipe on its side, and the exhaust pipe is fitted with a sealing ring on its inner diameter surface.

[0012] Preferably, the small conduit includes a pointed section, an open section, and a threaded section, and the open section is installed on the side of the pointed section, and the threaded section is installed on the side of the open section away from the pointed section.

[0013] Preferably, the iron arch frame is provided in six sets, and the iron arch frame as a whole is an arch shape adapted to the cross-sectional profile of the tunnel. The iron arch frame and the guide pipe are tied together by steel bars.

[0014] Preferably, the pointed section is conical with a sharp end, the perforated section is a cylindrical straight pipe with multiple grouting holes evenly distributed on the pipe surface, and the threaded section is a cylindrical straight pipe with continuous threads machined on its outer surface.

[0015] The technical effects and advantages of this utility model are as follows:

[0016] 1. Compared with existing technologies, this single-sided tunnel exit pre-exit small guide pipe support structure forms a rigid protective frame through the cooperation of support components and wrapping components. Its base limiting plate stabilizes the bottom of the support system, and six sets of steel arch frames conform to the tunnel outline to form a continuous arch structure, which transforms the vertical load of the surrounding rock into axial pressure, giving full play to the compressive strength of the material. The setting of the guide pipe provides precise positioning for the subsequent installation of small guide pipes, ensuring that they are arranged according to the design angle and spacing, which enhances the overall support rigidity. The waterproof layer in the wrapping components effectively isolates rainwater erosion. The combination of assembled wooden mold and steel mold forms a concrete pouring mold, so that the poured concrete forms a uniform and continuous rigid support layer on the outside of the steel arch frame, which improves the external deformation resistance of the tunnel.

[0017] 2. Compared with existing technologies, this single-sided tunnel exit pre-support structure with small guide pipes takes into account the ease of insertion, uniformity of grouting, and efficiency of equipment connection through the segmented design of the small guide pipes with reinforcement mechanism. The steel cage installed in the small guide pipes can enhance the rigidity of the small guide pipes. During the grouting process into the small guide pipes, the grout saturation is judged by the state of the grout discharged through the exhaust pipe, avoiding material waste and insufficient effect. The construction of the sealing layer further improves the durability of the internal structure. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagram of the support mechanism of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the reinforcement mechanism of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the small catheter of this utility model.

[0022] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Tunnel section; 2. Supporting mechanism; 3. Reinforcing mechanism; 4. Support assembly; 5. Wrapping assembly; 6. Concrete pouring; 7. Steel pipe assembly; 8. Sealing assembly; 9. Grouting layer; 10. Base limiting plate; 11. Steel arch frame; 12. Guide pipe; 13. Waterproof layer; 14. Assembled steel formwork; 15. Assembled wooden formwork; 16. Small guide pipe; 17. Reinforcing cage; 18. Grouting layer; 19. Grout stop plug; 20. Vent pipe; 21. Sealing ring; 22. Pointed section; 23. Opening section; 24. Threaded section. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] As attached Figures 1 to 4 The diagram shows a single-sided tunnel exit pre-exit small pipe support structure, including a tunnel section 1, a support mechanism 2, and a reinforcement mechanism 3. The support mechanism 2 is installed on the side of the tunnel section 1, and the reinforcement mechanism 3 is installed on the inner diameter surface of the support mechanism 2. The support mechanism 2 includes a bracket assembly 4, a wrapping assembly 5, and poured concrete 6. The wrapping assembly 5 is installed on the top of the bracket assembly 4, and the poured concrete 6 is installed on the outer wall surface of the wrapping assembly 5. The reinforcement mechanism 3 includes a steel pipe assembly 7, a sealing assembly 8, and a grouting layer 9. The sealing assembly 8 is installed on the outer diameter surface of the steel pipe assembly 7, and the grouting layer 9 is installed on the inner diameter surface of the sealing assembly 8.

[0026] Specifically: When a support mechanism 2 is installed on the side of tunnel section 1, a reinforcement mechanism 3 is installed on the inner diameter surface of the support mechanism 2 to form an internal and external coordinated support system. The support mechanism 2 includes a support component 4, a wrapping component 5, and poured concrete 6. The support component 4 serves as the basic structure, and the wrapping component 5 is installed on top of it. The outer wall surface of the wrapping component 5 forms a rigid support layer through the poured concrete 6, thereby providing external support and protection for tunnel section 1. The reinforcement mechanism 3 includes a steel pipe component 7, a sealing component 8, and a grouting layer 9. The steel pipe component 7 is located inside the support mechanism 2, and the sealing component 8 installed on its outer diameter surface can ensure the sealing of the grouting process. After grouting is injected into the steel pipe component 7, the support mechanism 2 is combined with the surrounding rock to jointly achieve reinforcement and support for tunnel section 1.

[0027] Example 2

[0028] Based on Example 1, the solution in Example 1 will be further described in detail below with reference to the specific working method, such as... Figures 1 to 4 As shown below, see details:

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the support assembly 4 includes a base limiting plate 10, a steel arch frame 11, and a guide tube 12. The steel arch frame 11 is installed on the side of the base limiting plate 10, and the guide tube 12 is installed on the top of the steel arch frame 11. The support assembly 4 uses the base limiting plate 10 to fix the bottom of the support system. The steel arch frame 11 converts the vertical load into axial pressure through the arch structure and uses the material's compressive strength to withstand the surrounding rock pressure. The guide tube 12 provides positioning guidance for the subsequent installation of small guide tubes 16, ensuring that they are arranged according to the design angle and spacing. The binding connection between the steel arch frame 11 and the guide tube 12 forms a rigid frame, enhancing the overall stability.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the wrapping component 5 includes a waterproof layer 13, an assembled steel mold 14, and an assembled wooden mold 15. The assembled wooden mold 15 is installed below the waterproof layer 13, and the assembled steel mold 14 is arranged below the assembled wooden mold 15. The wrapping component 5 uses the waterproof layer 13 to isolate rainwater from penetrating the support mechanism 2 and protect the internal support component 4 from corrosion. The assembled wooden mold 15 and the assembled steel mold 14 are combined to form a mold for concrete pouring.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the steel pipe assembly 7 includes a small guide tube 16, a reinforcing cage 17, and a grouting layer 18. The reinforcing cage 17 is installed on the inner diameter surface of the small guide tube 16, and the grouting layer 18 is installed on the inner diameter surface of the reinforcing cage 17. The steel pipe assembly 7 uses the small guide tube 16 as the core load-bearing component, inserts it into the surrounding rock to form advanced support, and the reinforcing cage 17 wraps around the small guide tube 16 to enhance its rigidity. The grouting layer 18 fills the internal voids of the small guide tube 16 and flows into the grouting holes of the small guide tube 16 into the perforated holes of the support mechanism 2 and the surrounding rock, and bonds them together to form a whole, thereby improving the strength of the surrounding rock.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the sealing assembly 8 includes a grout stop plug 19, an exhaust pipe 20, and a sealing ring 21. The exhaust pipe 20 is installed on the side of the grout stop plug 19, and the sealing ring 21 is installed on the outer diameter surface of the exhaust pipe 20. The sealing assembly 8 seals the end of the small guide tube 16 through the grout stop plug 19 to prevent grout from overflowing during grouting. During the grouting process, the exhaust pipe 20 will discharge the remaining grout after filling the steel pipe assembly 7 with grout. The operator can judge whether to continue grouting into the steel pipe assembly 7 based on the grout discharged from the exhaust pipe 20. The sealing ring 21 fills the gap between the grout stop plug 19 and the exhaust pipe 20 through elastic deformation, forming a multi-seal structure to ensure stable grouting pressure and effective grout diffusion.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the small guide tube 16 includes a pointed section 22, an open section 23, and a threaded section 24. The open section 23 is installed on the side of the pointed section 22, and the threaded section 24 is installed on the side of the open section 23 away from the pointed section 22. The pointed section 22 uses a tapered structure to reduce insertion resistance and facilitate the guide tube to penetrate the soil or rock layer. The open section 23 has evenly distributed grouting holes to ensure that the grout diffuses evenly in the surrounding rock. The threaded section 24 is connected to the grouting equipment through external threads to achieve rapid assembly and pressure transmission.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment, the steel arch frame 11 is provided in six sets. The steel arch frame 11 is an arch shape that is adapted to the cross-sectional profile of the tunnel. The steel arch frame 11 and the guide pipe 12 are tied together by steel bars. The steel arch frame 11 adopts a six-set arch structure that fits the cross-sectional profile of the tunnel. The axial compression structure of the arch shape can efficiently bear the pressure of the surrounding rock. Each set of steel arch frames 11 is tied to the guide pipe 12 and steel bars to form a continuous support ring, which enhances the longitudinal integrity and resists the circumferential convergence deformation of the surrounding rock.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the pointed section 22 is conical with a sharp end, the perforated section 23 is a cylindrical straight pipe with multiple grouting holes evenly distributed on the pipe surface, and the threaded section 24 is a cylindrical straight pipe with continuous threads machined on its outer surface. The conical tip of the pointed section 22 reduces insertion resistance and is suitable for construction in hard strata. The cylindrical straight pipe of the perforated section 23 provides a stable grouting channel, and the evenly distributed grouting holes in the pipe body ensure radial diffusion of the grout, forming a radial reinforcement zone. The external thread design of the threaded section 24 enables quick connection with equipment such as grouting pumps, ensuring sealing and mechanical strength during high-pressure grouting.

[0036] The working process of this utility model is as follows: First, the operator first conducts measurement and layout in the area to be supported in tunnel section 1, and uses a total station to determine the installation position and elevation of the support mechanism 2, ensuring that the base limiting plate 10 is laid horizontally along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and fixed to the tunnel base with expansion bolts to provide stable bottom support for the support assembly 4. Then, the steel arch frame 11 is hoisted by a crane, and six sets of arched steel arch frames 11 are erected in sequence according to the tunnel cross section outline. The steel arch frame 11 is welded and fixed to the base limiting plate 10 by an electric welding machine. Then, the guide pipe 12 is tied to the steel arch frame 11 at the designed angle and spacing using a steel bar binding tool to form a rigid frame of the support assembly 4.

[0037] After the support assembly 4 is installed, the wooden mold 15 is assembled on the upper surface of the steel arch frame 11, and the steel mold 14 is installed on its lower surface. After the installation is completed, a waterproof layer 13 is laid on the top of the steel arch frame 11 and fixed to the surface of the assembled wooden mold 15 with a waterproof adhesive to prevent rainwater penetration. Then, concrete 6 is poured onto the surface of the support assembly 4 and the wrapping assembly 5 through a concrete pump. After the concrete 6 is cured, an outer rigid support layer is formed.

[0038] During the construction phase of reinforcement mechanism 3, the operator uses a rock drill to drill holes along the guide pipe 12. The drilling depth and angle meet the design requirements. Then, a small guide pipe 16 with a pointed section 22 at the front end is inserted into the drill hole. The tapered structure of the pointed section 22 reduces the insertion resistance. The reinforcing cage 17 is then fitted into the inner diameter of the small guide pipe 16 and fixed by binding wire to make the reinforcing cage 17 fit tightly against the inner wall of the small guide pipe 16. Then, a sealing component 8 is installed at the end of the small guide pipe 16. First, the grout stop plug 19 is screwed into the threaded section 24. Then, the vent pipe 20 is passed through the center hole of the grout stop plug 19. The sealing ring 21 is fitted on the outside and tightened to ensure the sealing during grouting.

[0039] Grout is injected into the steel pipe assembly 7 by connecting the threaded section 24 of the small guide pipe 16 to the grouting pump. The grout overflows through the grouting hole of the opening section 23 of the small guide pipe 16, filling the gap between the reinforcing cage 17 and the surrounding rock to form a grouting layer 18. Grouting is stopped when the vent pipe 20 discharges thick grout, and the grouting equipment is removed. Then, a sealing layer 9 is applied to the surface of the grouting layer 18 on the inner diameter of the steel pipe assembly 7. Finally, the connection parts of each component are checked, and the bolts are tightened with a wrench to ensure that the support mechanism 2 and the reinforcement mechanism 3 work together to complete the construction of the entire support structure. The above is the working principle of this single-sided tunnel exit advance small guide pipe support structure.

Claims

1. A single-sided tunnel exit pre-exit small guide pipe support structure, comprising a tunnel section (1), a support mechanism (2), and a reinforcement mechanism (3), characterized in that: The system includes a tunnel section (1), a support mechanism (2), and a reinforcement mechanism (3), characterized in that: the support mechanism (2) is installed on the side of the tunnel section (1), and the reinforcement mechanism (3) is installed on the inner diameter surface of the support mechanism (2); the support mechanism (2) includes a bracket assembly (4), a wrapping assembly (5), and poured concrete (6); the wrapping assembly (5) is installed above the bracket assembly (4); the poured concrete (6) is installed on the outer wall surface of the wrapping assembly (5); the reinforcement mechanism (3) includes a steel pipe assembly (7), a sealing assembly (8), and a grouting layer (9); the sealing assembly (8) is installed on the outer diameter surface of the steel pipe assembly (7), and the grouting layer (9) is installed on the inner diameter surface of the sealing assembly (8).

2. The single-sided tunnel exit pre-exit small guide pipe support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly (4) includes a base limiting plate (10), a steel arch frame (11) and a guide tube (12), and the steel arch frame (11) is installed on the side of the base limiting plate (10), and the guide tube (12) is installed on the top of the steel arch frame (11).

3. The single-sided tunnel exit pre-exit small guide pipe support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The packaging component (5) includes a waterproof layer (13), an assembled steel mold (14), and an assembled wooden mold (15), with the assembled wooden mold (15) installed below the waterproof layer (13) and the assembled steel mold (14) installed below the assembled wooden mold (15).

4. The single-sided tunnel exit pre-exit small guide pipe support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel pipe assembly (7) includes a small guide pipe (16), a reinforcing cage (17) and a grouting layer (18), and the inner diameter surface of the small guide pipe (16) is fitted with the reinforcing cage (17), and the inner diameter surface of the reinforcing cage (17) is fitted with the grouting layer (18).

5. The single-sided tunnel exit pre-exit small guide pipe support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing assembly (8) includes a grout stop plug (19), an exhaust pipe (20) and a sealing ring (21), and the exhaust pipe (20) is installed on the side of the grout stop plug (19), and the sealing ring (21) is installed on the outer diameter surface of the exhaust pipe (20).

6. The single-sided tunnel exit pre-exit small guide pipe support structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The small conduit (16) includes a pointed section (22), an open section (23) and a threaded section (24), and the open section (23) is installed on the side of the pointed section (22), and the threaded section (24) is installed on the side of the open section (23) away from the pointed section (22).

7. The single-sided tunnel exit pre-exit small guide pipe support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steel arch frame (11) is provided in six sets, and the steel arch frame (11) is an arch shape that is adapted to the cross-sectional profile of the tunnel. The steel arch frame (11) and the guide pipe (12) are tied together by steel bars.

8. The single-sided tunnel exit pre-exit small guide pipe support structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pointed section (22) is conical and has a sharp end, and the perforated section (23) is a cylindrical straight pipe with multiple grouting holes evenly distributed on the surface of the pipe. The threaded section (24) is a cylindrical straight pipe with continuous threads machined on its outer surface.

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