A non-destructive shelling device for Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds
By introducing a multi-ring guide plate and buffer layer design into the Trichosanthes kirilowii seed dehulling equipment, the problems of high energy consumption and high seed breakage rate of existing equipment have been solved, achieving a high-efficiency and low-damage dehulling effect for Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- QIYANG JUNJIN AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-26
AI Technical Summary
Existing Trichosanthes kirilowii seed dehulling equipment suffers from high energy consumption and high seed breakage rate. In particular, traditional extrusion roller and centrifugal dehulling methods are poorly adapted to thin-shelled or uneven seeds, and the pounding method easily leads to seed breakage.
The centrifugal dehulling equipment adopts a multi-ring guide plate design, which combines a guide plate, a guide cone and a liner. By extending the contact time between the material and the centrifugal disc, the centrifugal speed is reduced, energy consumption is reduced, and the buffer layer and liner design avoid secondary impacts and improve the integrity of the material.
While reducing energy consumption, it improves the shelling efficiency of Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds, reduces seed kernel damage, and adapts to Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds of different sizes and shapes, achieving shelling without damage or with minimal damage.
Smart Images
Figure CN224268172U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of Trichosanthes kirilowii seed processing equipment, specifically a non-destructive shelling device for Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds. Background Technology
[0002] Trichosanthes seeds (also known as Gualou seeds) are the seeds of the Trichosanthes kirilowii plant, a member of the Cucurbitaceae family. They have high medicinal and edible value, and their kernels are rich in oil and protein, often used in the production of roasted nuts and seeds or for extracting medicinal components. However, the outer shell of the Trichosanthes seeds is hard and tightly bound to the kernel, making dehulling difficult. Traditional manual dehulling is inefficient and cannot meet the needs of industrial production; therefore, efficient mechanical dehulling equipment is required.
[0003] Currently, mechanical dehulling of Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds mainly employs methods such as extrusion rollers, centrifugal impact, or pounding. Extrusion rollers break the outer shell through pressure between two rollers, but uneven pressure can easily damage the kernel, especially with thin-shelled or unevenly sized seeds. Centrifugal dehulling uses high-speed rotation to throw the seeds against a liner, relying on impact force for dehulling, but there is a risk of secondary impact. Furthermore, due to the short contact time between the material and the centrifugal disc, the centrifugal disc speed needs to be maximized to achieve sufficient end velocity, resulting in high energy consumption. Pounding achieves good dehulling efficiency, but repeated pounding can easily damage the kernel. Utility Model Content
[0004] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a non-destructive shelling device for Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds.
[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is:
[0006] A non-destructive shelling device for Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds includes:
[0007] The machine housing includes a shelling cylinder, the top and bottom of which are provided with feeding and discharging components, and several arc-shaped liner plates are slidably installed inside the shelling cylinder via a T-shaped frame;
[0008] The dehulling assembly includes a centrifugal disc rotatably mounted at the center of the dehulling cylinder. At least two guide plates are coaxially arranged in the middle of the centrifugal disc, with the outer guide plate having a smaller inclination angle than the inner guide plate. A power source is connected to the bottom of the centrifugal disc via a transmission shaft, and the power source can drive the centrifugal disc to rotate when it is working.
[0009] Preferably, there are at least four T-shaped frames, which are axially arranged on the inner wall of the shelling cylinder.
[0010] Preferably, the feeding and discharging assembly includes a top cover with a central axial through-hole, a feeding hopper located above the center of the top cover, the bottom of the feeding hopper being inserted into the top cover, and the bottom edge of the top cover abutting against the top of the T-shaped frame.
[0011] Preferably, the feeding and discharging assembly further includes a discharge hopper, which is located at the bottom end of the shelling cylinder. The top edge of the discharge hopper abuts against the bottom end of the T-shaped frame. A central sleeve is provided at the center of the discharge hopper, and the centrifugal disc is rotatably mounted on the top of the central sleeve.
[0012] Preferably, the centrifugal disc includes a first shelling disc, the bottom surface of which is provided with a drive shaft, which passes through the central sleeve and is connected to a power source.
[0013] Preferably, the top surface of the first shelling disc is conical, and a guide cone is provided at the center of the first shelling disc, the taper of which is greater than the taper of the first shelling disc.
[0014] Preferably, a second shelling disc is fixedly installed above the first shelling disc via a guide plate, and a feed pipe is provided in the middle of the top surface of the second shelling disc, the feed pipe passing through the top cover and wrapping around the bottom of the feed hopper.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0016] This invention utilizes multiple guide plates to increase the contact time between the material and the centrifugal disc, thereby reducing the centrifugal disc's rotational speed and energy consumption at the same final velocity. The guide plates disperse the material and align its long axis with the liner. Combined with the taper of the guide cone and the first decapsulation disc, this prevents secondary impacts on the material and improves its integrity. The liner features a spliced design and is fixed with a T-frame, facilitating easy replacement and maintenance. This prevents damage to the liner surface caused by prolonged impacts, which could lead to uneven decapsulation of the material. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;
[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of this utility model;
[0019] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the overall structure of this utility model;
[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.
[0021] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows:
[0022] 1. Machine casing; 11. Shelling cylinder; 12. T-shaped frame; 13. Top cover; 14. Feed hopper; 15. Discharge hopper; 16. Central sleeve;
[0023] 2. Lining plate; 21. Base plate; 22. Clamping plate; 23. Buffer layer; 24. Impact layer;
[0024] 3. Deshelling assembly; 31. First deshelling disc; 32. First guide plate; 33. Second guide plate; 34. Guide cone; 35. Second deshelling disc; 36. Feed pipe; 37. Drive shaft; 38. Power source. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0026] Example 1:
[0027] Please see Figure 1-4 The present invention will describe the above technical solution in detail through the following embodiments:
[0028] A non-destructive shelling device for Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds includes:
[0029] The casing 1 includes a shelling cylinder 11. The top and bottom of the shelling cylinder 11 are provided with feeding and discharging components. Several arc-shaped liner plates 2 are slidably installed inside the shelling cylinder 11 through a T-shaped frame 12.
[0030] The liner 2 includes a base plate 21, which is 1 / 4 circular. L-shaped clamping plates 22 are axially welded to both ends of the back of the base plate 21. The opening of the clamping plates 22 faces the end of the base plate 21. The T-shaped frame 12 is inserted into the opening of the clamping plates 22.
[0031] A buffer layer 23 is provided on the front side of the base plate 21, and an impact layer 24 is provided on the front side of the buffer layer 23.
[0032] The impact layer 24 can be made of hard plastic to withstand collisions with the seeds. The buffer layer 23 can be made of silicone or other cushioning materials to absorb some of the impact, increase the contact time between the material and the impact layer 24, ensure the shelling effect, and prevent excessive instantaneous impact from causing the kernels to break. The base plate 21 provides overall support to prevent plastic deformation.
[0033] There are at least four T-shaped frames 12, which are axially welded to the inner wall of the shelling cylinder 11.
[0034] T-shaped bracket 12 is used to position the liner 2 and restrict its circumferential and radial movement.
[0035] The feeding and discharging assembly includes a top cover 13, which has a central axial passage. A feeding hopper 14 is welded above the center of the top cover 13. The bottom of the feeding hopper 14 is inserted into the top cover 13, and the bottom edge of the top cover 13 abuts against the top of the T-shaped frame 12.
[0036] The top cover 13 is fixedly connected to the shell-removing cylinder 11 by screws, which can restrict the upward movement of the liner 2.
[0037] The material is fed into the feed hopper 14 and then enters the shelling cylinder 11 from the center of the top cover 13.
[0038] The feeding and discharging assembly also includes a discharge hopper 15, which is located at the bottom of the shelling cylinder 11. The top edge of the discharge hopper 15 abuts against the bottom of the T-shaped frame 12, and a central sleeve 16 is welded to the center of the discharge hopper 15.
[0039] The discharge hopper 15 is used to receive and discharge the deshelled material. The discharge hopper 15 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the deshelling cylinder 11 by screws, which can restrict the liner 2 from moving downward.
[0040] The dehulling assembly 3 includes a centrifugal disc, which is rotatably mounted at the center of the dehulling cylinder 11. At least two guide plates are coaxially arranged in the middle of the centrifugal disc, with the outer guide plate having a smaller inclination angle than the inner guide plate. A power source 38 is connected to the bottom of the centrifugal disc via a transmission shaft 37. When the power source 38 is working, it can drive the centrifugal disc to rotate.
[0041] The centrifuge disc is rotatably mounted on the top of the central sleeve 16. The central sleeve 16 can restrict the radial movement of the centrifuge disc.
[0042] The centrifugal disc includes a first shelling disc 31, and a drive shaft 37 is provided on the bottom surface of the first shelling disc 31. The drive shaft 37 passes through the central sleeve 16 and is connected to the power source 38.
[0043] The power source 38 uses an adjustable speed motor, and when the power source 38 is working, it can drive the first shelling disc 31 to rotate through the transmission shaft 37.
[0044] It is important to note that a rotating element such as a thrust bearing needs to be installed between the bottom surface of the first shell-removing disc 31 and the end face of the central sleeve 16 to prevent contact wear. A bearing also needs to be installed between the drive shaft 37 and the inner surface of the central sleeve 16 to limit the position and rotation axis of the drive shaft 37 and prevent excessive wear.
[0045] The top surface of the first shelling disc 31 is conical, and a guide cone 34 is provided at the center of the first shelling disc 31. The taper of the guide cone 34 is greater than that of the first shelling disc 31.
[0046] The guide cone 34 can disperse the material. The cone-shaped design of the first desquamation disc 31 allows the material to move downwards at an angle when it leaves the first desquamation disc 31, thus preventing it from rebounding and colliding with the first desquamation disc 31 a second time.
[0047] A second shelling disc 35 is fixedly installed above the first shelling disc 31 via a guide plate. A feed pipe 36 is provided in the middle of the top surface of the second shelling disc 35. The feed pipe 36 passes through the top cover 13 and wraps around the bottom of the feed hopper 14.
[0048] The guide plate includes a first guide plate 32 and a second guide plate 33, which are concentrically arranged. The first guide plate 32 has a deflection angle of 20-30°, which is 25° in this embodiment. The second guide plate 33 has a deflection angle of 10-20°, which is 15° in this embodiment.
[0049] The first shelling disc 31, the first guide plate 32, and the second guide plate 33 are integrally cast from metal materials and then precision machined by cutting and grinding to remove surface burrs and air holes. The second shelling disc 35 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the first guide plate 32 and the second guide plate 33 by screws.
[0050] The material enters through the feed pipe 36, is dispersed by the guide cone 34 and enters between the first shelling disc 31 and the second shelling disc 35. It is pushed and dispersed by the first guide plate 32 and the second guide plate 33, and finally flies out from the edge of the first shelling disc 31 and the second shelling disc 35.
[0051] The second shelling disc 35 can prevent material from splashing upwards due to collisions with the first guide plate 32 and the second guide plate 33.
[0052] The first guide plate 32 and the second guide plate 33 can further disperse the material and prolong the contact time between the material and the centrifugal disc, thereby improving the acceleration effect.
[0053] Working principle:
[0054] The power source 38 is controlled to operate, and the centrifugal disc is driven to rotate through the transmission shaft 37.
[0055] The material is fed into the discharge hopper 15, and then enters the feed pipe 36 from the discharge hopper 15. After being dispersed by the guide cone 34, it enters the space between the first shelling disc 31 and the second shelling disc 35. It is pushed and dispersed by the first guide plate 32 and the second guide plate 33, and finally flies out from the edge of the first shelling disc 31 and the second shelling disc 35.
[0056] The material flies out along the tangential direction of the first shelling disc 31 and the second shelling disc 35 at a downward angle. The material collides with the liner plate 2, the outer shell breaks, and the buffer layer 23 absorbs the instantaneous impact, increases the contact time between the material and the liner plate 2, and reduces the damage to the kernel.
[0057] The dehulled material is discharged from the discharge hopper 15.
[0058] A sorting device can be installed at discharge hopper 15 to improve processing efficiency. Sorting can be achieved by air separation, utilizing the difference in density between kernels and husks.
[0059] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A non-destructive shelling device for Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds, characterized in that, include: The casing (1) includes a shelling cylinder (11), the top and bottom of the shelling cylinder (11) are provided with feeding and discharging components, and a number of arc-shaped liner plates (2) are slidably installed inside the shelling cylinder (11) through a T-shaped frame (12); The shelling assembly (3) includes a centrifugal disc, which is rotatably mounted at the center of the shelling cylinder (11). At least two guide plates are coaxially arranged in the middle of the centrifugal disc, with the outer guide plate having a smaller inclination angle than the inner guide plate. A power source (38) is connected to the bottom of the centrifugal disc via a transmission shaft (37), and the power source (38) can drive the centrifugal disc to rotate when it is working.
2. The non-destructive shelling equipment for Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds as described in claim 1, characterized in that: There are at least four T-shaped frames (12), which are axially arranged on the inner wall of the shelling cylinder (11).
3. The non-destructive shelling equipment for Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding and discharging assembly includes a top cover (13), which is axially oriented through the center of the top cover (13). A feeding hopper (14) is provided above the center of the top cover (13). The bottom of the feeding hopper (14) is inserted into the top cover (13), and the bottom edge of the top cover (13) abuts against the top of the T-shaped frame (12).
4. The non-destructive shelling equipment for Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The feeding and discharging assembly also includes a discharge hopper (15), which is located at the bottom of the shelling cylinder (11). The top edge of the discharge hopper (15) abuts against the bottom of the T-shaped frame (12). A central sleeve (16) is provided in the center of the discharge hopper (15), and the centrifugal disc is rotatably installed on the top of the central sleeve (16).
5. The non-destructive shelling equipment for Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The centrifugal disc includes a first shelling disc (31), and the bottom surface of the first shelling disc (31) is provided with a drive shaft (37). The drive shaft (37) passes through the central sleeve (16) and is connected to the power source (38).
6. The non-destructive shelling equipment for Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The top surface of the first shelling disc (31) is conical, and a guide cone (34) is provided at the center of the first shelling disc (31). The taper of the guide cone (34) is greater than that of the first shelling disc (31).
7. The non-destructive shelling equipment for Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds as described in claim 5, characterized in that: A second shelling disc (35) is fixedly installed above the first shelling disc (31) via a guide plate. A feed pipe (36) is provided in the middle of the top surface of the second shelling disc (35). The feed pipe (36) passes through the top cover (13) and wraps around the bottom of the feed hopper (14).