A rock-breaking device and a cantilever tunneling machine

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of tunnel rock breaking equipment, specifically providing a rock breaking device and a cantilever tunneling machine. The rock breaking device includes a vibrating shell, inside which a rotatable main shaft is installed. The main shaft is equipped with a main drive mechanism to drive its rotation. A rock breaking head that rotates with the main shaft is connected to the front end of the main shaft. The central axis of the rock breaking head is eccentric to the rotation axis of the main shaft. The main shaft is hollow, and an eccentric block that rotates relative to the main shaft is installed inside the main shaft. The eccentric block is equipped with an eccentric drive mechanism to drive its rotation, thereby generating radial vibration. The cantilever tunneling machine includes the aforementioned rock breaking device. During construction, this utility model can achieve two combined working modes: eccentric rotation of the rock breaking head and radial vibration of the rock breaking head, achieving a "1+1>2" effect, improving the rock breaking ability of the device for extremely hard rock formations, and thus increasing rock breaking efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of tunnel rock breaking equipment, and in particular relates to a rock breaking device and a cantilever tunneling machine. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of tunnel construction equipment, the demand for mechanized tunnel excavation is constantly expanding. When constructing hard rock tunnels, conventional cantilever tunnel boring machines (TBMs) have low rock-breaking efficiency due to the large variations in stratum strength and complex geological conditions, which increases construction costs and time.

[0003] In recent years, in order to improve the rock-breaking efficiency of cantilever tunneling machines, some new rock-breaking devices have emerged.

[0004] For example, the applicant's invention patent application with publication number CN114991795A discloses an oscillating hard rock cutting device (i.e., a rock breaking device). This device includes a cutting arm with a cutting disc mounted on it. The cutting disc has a main shaft connected to a drive device. The rotation axis of the drive device does not coincide with the axis of the main shaft, resulting in an eccentricity. During the rock cutting process, the cutting disc can be eccentrically oscillated, utilizing a combination of impact and compression to break the rock, thereby improving construction efficiency.

[0005] According to the applicant's actual tests, the rock-breaking efficiency of the above-mentioned rock-breaking device for extremely hard rock formations is still not high.

[0006] The invention patent application with publication number CN119195790A discloses a novel composite vibration rock breaking device. The device includes a cutting component, an axial excitation device, and a radial excitation device. The cutting component rotates freely by friction with the rock. The radial excitation device includes a rotatable eccentric mass block, which is driven by an eccentric mechanism. Under the action of the eccentric mechanism, the rotation of the eccentric mass block can generate radial excitation on the cutting component.

[0007] Although the aforementioned rock-breaking device can use radial and axial excitation devices to make the cutting component generate high-frequency vibration to impact the rock, the cutting component (disc cutter) cannot rotate actively. When applied to extremely hard rock formations, the cutter disc is prone to jamming, and it is still not suitable for extremely hard rock formations. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rock-breaking device to solve the technical problem of low rock-breaking efficiency of existing cutting and rock-breaking devices for extremely hard rock formations. Another purpose of this invention is to provide a cantilever tunneling machine to solve the same technical problem.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the rock-breaking device provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0010] A rock-breaking device includes a vibrating housing, inside which a rotatable main shaft is installed. The main shaft is equipped with a main drive mechanism to drive its rotation. A rock-breaking head that rotates with the main shaft is connected to the front end of the main shaft. The central axis of the rock-breaking head is eccentric to the rotation axis of the main shaft. The main shaft is a hollow shaft. An eccentric block that rotates relative to the main shaft is installed inside the main shaft. The eccentric block is equipped with an eccentric drive mechanism to drive its rotation for generating radial vibration.

[0011] As a further improvement, both the main drive mechanism and the eccentric drive mechanism can be independently controlled to start and stop.

[0012] As a further improvement, the main drive mechanism includes a main drive motor and a gear ring fitted around the main shaft and engaging with the main shaft to prevent rotation. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to a pinion gear, which is connected to the gear ring in a transmission connection.

[0013] As a further improvement, the eccentric drive mechanism includes an eccentric drive motor, the output shaft of which is connected to a coupling and connected to an eccentric block via the coupling.

[0014] As a further improvement, the vibration housing is fixedly connected to a connecting housing. The connecting housing has a main drive mounting base and an eccentric drive mounting base inside. The main drive motor is mounted on the main drive mounting base, and the eccentric drive motor is mounted on the eccentric drive mounting base.

[0015] As a further improvement, the inner hole of the vibrating housing for mounting the main shaft has a non-uniform diameter structure, with the diameters at both ends being larger than the diameter in the middle.

[0016] As a further improvement, the rock-breaking head is connected to a drive shaft, which is connected to the main shaft.

[0017] As a further improvement, the rock-breaking head is a disc-shaped cutterhead, which includes a cutter ring and a cutter body. The cutter ring is bolted to the cutter body and connected to the drive shaft through the cutter body.

[0018] As a further improvement, the rock-breaking head is a disc-shaped cutterhead, which is composed of multiple segmented modules, and the segmented modules are connected by a detachable connection structure.

[0019] This utility model belongs to the category of combined inventions, and its beneficial effects are as follows: The rock-breaking device in this utility model is equipped with a main drive mechanism for the rock-breaking head, which can realize the eccentric swing of the rock-breaking head. At the same time, an eccentric block that can generate radial vibration excitation is arranged inside the main shaft. In this way, during construction, two composite working modes of rock-breaking head eccentric rotation and rock-breaking head radial vibration can be realized, achieving the effect of "1+1>2", improving the rock-breaking ability of the rock-breaking device for extremely hard rock formations, thereby improving the rock-breaking efficiency.

[0020] In addition, placing the vibration source, i.e. the eccentric block, inside the main shaft allows the eccentric block to be positioned as far forward as possible, enabling the generated vibration excitation to act efficiently at the front end of the rock breaking device, thereby improving the utilization rate of vibration energy. At the same time, it can extend the transmission path of vibration to the rear end equipment of the cantilever tunneling machine, reducing the impact of vibration excitation on the rear end equipment.

[0021] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution for the cantilever tunneling machine provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0022] A cantilever tunneling machine includes a cutting cantilever with a rock-breaking device connected to it. The rock-breaking device includes a vibrating housing with a rotatable main shaft installed inside. The main shaft is equipped with a main drive mechanism to drive its rotation. A rock-breaking head that rotates with the main shaft is connected to the front end of the main shaft. The central axis of the rock-breaking head is eccentric to the rotation axis of the main shaft. The main shaft is a hollow shaft. An eccentric block that rotates relative to the main shaft is installed inside the main shaft. The eccentric block is equipped with an eccentric drive mechanism to drive its rotation for generating radial vibration.

[0023] As a further improvement, both the main drive mechanism and the eccentric drive mechanism can be independently controlled to start and stop.

[0024] As a further improvement, the main drive mechanism includes a main drive motor and a gear ring fitted around the main shaft and engaging with the main shaft to prevent rotation. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to a pinion gear, which is connected to the gear ring in a transmission connection.

[0025] As a further improvement, the eccentric drive mechanism includes an eccentric drive motor, the output shaft of which is connected to a coupling and connected to an eccentric block via the coupling.

[0026] As a further improvement, the vibration housing is fixedly connected to a connecting housing. The connecting housing has a main drive mounting base and an eccentric drive mounting base inside. The main drive motor is mounted on the main drive mounting base, and the eccentric drive motor is mounted on the eccentric drive mounting base.

[0027] As a further improvement, the inner hole of the vibrating housing for mounting the main shaft has a non-uniform diameter structure, with the diameters at both ends being larger than the diameter in the middle.

[0028] As a further improvement, the rock-breaking head is connected to a drive shaft, which is connected to the main shaft.

[0029] As a further improvement, the rock-breaking head is a disc-shaped cutterhead, which includes a cutter ring and a cutter body. The cutter ring is bolted to the cutter body and connected to the drive shaft through the cutter body.

[0030] As a further improvement, the rock-breaking head is a disc-shaped cutterhead, which is composed of multiple segmented modules, and the segmented modules are connected by a detachable connection structure.

[0031] This utility model is an improved invention, and its beneficial effects are as follows: The rock breaking device of this utility model is equipped with a main drive mechanism for the rock breaking head, which can realize the eccentric swing of the rock breaking head. At the same time, an eccentric block that can generate radial vibration excitation is arranged inside the main shaft. In this way, during construction, two composite working modes of rock breaking head eccentric rotation and rock breaking head radial vibration can be realized, achieving the effect of "1+1>2", improving the rock breaking ability of the rock breaking device for extremely hard rock formations, thereby improving the rock breaking efficiency.

[0032] In addition, placing the vibration source, i.e. the eccentric block, inside the main shaft allows the eccentric block to be positioned as far forward as possible, enabling the generated vibration excitation to act efficiently at the front end of the rock breaking device, thereby improving the utilization rate of vibration energy. At the same time, it can extend the transmission path of vibration to the rear end equipment of the cantilever tunneling machine, reducing the impact of vibration excitation on the rear end equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the rock-breaking device embodiment of this utility model applied to a cantilever tunneling machine;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the rock-breaking device in this utility model;

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of the main drive mechanism and its connected components;

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the eccentric drive mechanism and its connected components.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0038] 1. End cap; 2. Cutter ring; 3. Cutter body; 4. Vibration housing; 5. Gear ring; 6. Pinion; 7. Connecting housing; 8. Main drive mounting base; 9. Main drive motor; 10. Eccentric drive motor; 11. Eccentric drive mounting base; 12. Coupling; 13. Eccentric block; 14. Main shaft; 15. Drive shaft; 100. Rock breaking device; 200. Support base; 300. Cutting arm; 400. Car body; 500. Slag scraping mechanism; 600. Traveling mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To improve the rock-breaking efficiency of the cutting and rock-breaking device, the basic technical concept of this utility model is to equip the rock-breaking head (which can be a conical cutting head or a disc-shaped cutting disc) of the rock-breaking device with a main drive mechanism that drives its eccentric rotation to break the rock and a vibration eccentric drive mechanism that can generate radial vibration excitation. In this way, for extremely hard rock formations, the rock-breaking head can actively eccentrically rotate to break the rock while simultaneously generating radial vibration excitation, thereby improving the rock-breaking ability of the rock-breaking device for extremely hard rock formations.

[0040] Based on the above concept, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0041] Specific implementation method of the rock-breaking device provided by this utility model:

[0042] The rock-breaking device 100 provided in this embodiment is generally as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it can be mounted on the front end of the cutting boom 300 of a cantilever tunneling machine, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it can move with the cutting arm 300. Specifically, when configuring the rock-breaking device 100, a support base 200 can be used to hinge the rock-breaking device 100 to the support base 200, and the support base 200 can be connected to the cutting arm 300, so that the rock-breaking device 100 can swing in different directions relative to the cutting arm 300, thereby improving the flexibility of the rock-breaking device 100.

[0043] like Figures 2-4 As shown, the rock-breaking device 100 in this embodiment includes a vibrating housing 4, inside which a rotatable main shaft 14 is installed. Specifically, bearings can be installed at both ends of the main shaft 14 as support structures to support the rotation of the main shaft 14. The main shaft 14 is equipped with a main drive mechanism to drive its rotation, and under the action of the main drive mechanism, the main shaft 14 can rotate actively. A rock-breaking head is connected to the front end of the main shaft 14, and the rock-breaking head is anti-rotationally connected to the main shaft 14, that is, the rock-breaking head can rotate synchronously with the rotation of the main shaft 14. In other words, the main drive mechanism can drive the rock-breaking head to rotate by driving the main shaft 14 to rotate.

[0044] The rock-breaking head has a defined central axis, and the main shaft 14 has a defined rotation axis. The central axis of the rock-breaking head and the rotation axis of the main shaft 14 do not coincide; instead, there is a certain eccentricity e. This allows the rock-breaking head to rotate eccentrically during construction, utilizing the characteristic of rock mass being resistant to compression but not tension to improve rock-breaking efficiency. Specifically, the value of the eccentricity e is related to the diameter of the main shaft 14 and the diameter of the rock-breaking head; the specific value is not limited here.

[0045] The main shaft 14 is a hollow shaft structure, and an eccentric block 13 is installed inside the main shaft 14. The eccentric block 13 can rotate independently of the main shaft 14, or in other words, the eccentric block 13 can rotate relative to the main shaft 14. The eccentric block 13 is equipped with an eccentric drive mechanism to drive its rotation, wherein the center of gravity of the eccentric block 13 does not coincide with the axis of rotation of the eccentric block 13. Under the action of the eccentric drive mechanism, the eccentric block 13 can rotate, thereby generating vibration. The vibration excitation acts on the rock breaking device 100, which can cause the rock breaking head to generate radial vibration.

[0046] Based on the above structure, in this embodiment, the main drive mechanism and the eccentric drive mechanism can be activated simultaneously during construction, thereby enabling the rock-breaking head and the eccentric block 13 to rotate synchronously. The rock-breaking head rotates eccentrically, and in conjunction with the radial excitation generated by the eccentric block 13, the two vibration modes of the rock-breaking head's eccentric rotational vibration and the eccentric block 13's radial vibration can be coupled. Functionally, the two promote each other, achieving a better rock-breaking effect and thus improving the rock-breaking efficiency during construction.

[0047] In addition, arranging the vibration source, i.e., the eccentric block 13, inside the main shaft 14 can make the position of the eccentric block 13 as forward as possible, so that the generated vibration excitation can act efficiently on the front end of the rock breaking device 100, improve the utilization rate of vibration energy, and at the same time extend the transmission path of vibration to the rear end equipment of the cantilever tunneling machine, reducing the impact of vibration excitation on the rear end equipment.

[0048] Preferably, both the main drive mechanism and the eccentric drive mechanism can be independently controlled to start and stop. This allows for efficient rock breaking during construction, where the eccentric drive mechanism can be omitted for lower-strength rock masses, allowing the rock to be broken simply by the eccentric rotation of the rock-breaking head. For higher-strength, harder rock masses, the eccentric drive mechanism is activated to achieve a coupling of the two vibration modes, resulting in highly efficient rock breaking. In this preferred configuration, the different operating modes of the rock-breaking device 100 are controllable and adjustable. When the eccentric rotation of the rock-breaking head is sufficient for rock breaking, the eccentric drive mechanism is not activated, thus improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0049] As a preferred implementation method that is convenient to arrange and saves space, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the main drive mechanism includes a main drive motor 9 (which can be an electric motor or a hydraulic motor), a gear ring 5 is sleeved on the main shaft 14, the gear ring 5 is anti-rotationally engaged with the main shaft 14, and the power output shaft of the main drive motor 9 is connected to a pinion 6, which is connected to the gear ring 5 in a transmission connection.

[0050] The above design allows for ample internal space of the main shaft 14, facilitating the arrangement of the eccentric block 13 and optimizing the spatial layout. At the same time, it also allows for the arrangement of the gear ring 5 with more teeth, thereby increasing the transmission ratio between the pinion 6 and the gear ring 5, resulting in better speed reduction and torque increase, and enhancing rock breaking capacity.

[0051] Even better, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the eccentric drive mechanism includes an eccentric drive motor 10 (which can be an electric motor or a hydraulic motor). The power output shaft of the eccentric drive motor 10 is connected to a coupling 12, and is connected to the eccentric block 13 through the coupling 12. In this case, the rotational speed output by the eccentric drive motor 10 can be transmitted to the eccentric block 13 with almost no loss, so that the eccentric block 13 has a high rotational speed, thereby generating high-frequency vibration and further improving the rock breaking efficiency.

[0052] More preferably, such as Figure 2 As shown, the vibrating housing 4 is fixedly connected to the connecting housing 7, for example, by bolts. The connecting housing 7 contains a main drive mounting base 8 and an eccentric drive mounting base 11. The main drive motor 9 is mounted on the main drive mounting base 8, and the eccentric drive motor 10 is mounted on the eccentric drive mounting base 11. The connecting housing 7 can serve as a part of the rock-breaking device 100 used to connect the cutting boom 300. In this case, during assembly, the components inside the vibrating housing 4 can be independently installed as modules and then docked as a whole with the connecting housing 7. The drive motors (including the main drive motor 9 and the eccentric drive motor 10) can be independently installed inside the connecting housing 7, resulting in higher assembly efficiency.

[0053] It should be noted that the above description of the main drive mechanism and eccentric drive mechanism only provides preferred embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, to achieve the rotation of the main shaft 14 and the eccentric block 13, the preferred embodiments described above are not limited to these. For example, an internal gear ring can be installed in the inner hole of the main shaft 14, and the pinion 6 connected to the output shaft of the main drive motor 9 meshes with the internal gear ring. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the pinion 6 does not interfere with the related structures connected to the eccentric block 13. Alternatively, a slewing bearing (rotary bearing) can be directly configured on the main shaft 14 to support and drive the rotation of the main shaft 14.

[0054] To improve the strength of the vibrating housing 4, in some preferred embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the vibrating housing 4 has a non-uniform diameter inner hole for mounting the spindle 14, with the diameter of the hole at both ends of the vibrating housing 4 being larger than that in the middle. This effectively strengthens the middle section without affecting the normal installation of the bearings at both ends of the spindle 14, thereby increasing the strength of the vibrating housing 4 and making it suitable for high-frequency vibration applications.

[0055] To facilitate the installation of the rock-breaking head, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the rock-breaking head is connected to a drive shaft 15, and the rock-breaking head is connected to the main shaft 14 via the drive shaft 15. Compared to directly mounting the rock-breaking head onto the main shaft 14, in this case, when assembling the rock-breaking head, it is more convenient to first connect each part of the rock-breaking head to the drive shaft 15 to form an independent module, and then assemble the module as a whole onto the main shaft 14. Specifically, bolt connections can be used, resulting in higher assembly efficiency.

[0056] Preferably, the rock-breaking head can be a disc-shaped cutterhead, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the cutterhead includes a cutter ring 2 and a cutter body 3. The cutter ring 2 is bolted to the cutter body 3 and connected to the drive shaft 15 via the cutter body 3, for example, using a spline structure. End caps 1 can be added to the ends of the cutter body 3 and the drive shaft 15. For hard rock formations, the cutterhead has a stronger rock-breaking capability.

[0057] Based on the selection of a cutterhead as the rock-breaking head, and considering that the wear condition of different parts of the cutterhead may vary during actual construction, it is preferable that the cutterhead is composed of multiple segmented modules, which are connected by a detachable connection structure. In this way, during construction, according to the actual wear condition, the more severely worn segmented modules can be individually removed and replaced for repair, reducing construction costs.

[0058] Specific implementation method of the cantilever tunneling machine in this utility model:

[0059] The cantilever tunneling machine can be referenced as a whole. Figure 1 It includes a vehicle body 400, which is equipped with a traveling mechanism 600, such as tracks. The vehicle body 400 also has a scraper mechanism 500, which collects and transports the excavated soil generated during the excavation process. The vehicle body 400 is equipped with a cutting boom 300. Unlike existing technologies, the cutting boom 300 is connected to a rock-breaking device with a structure consistent with the aforementioned rock-breaking device implementation method; further details are omitted here.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit this utility model. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still make modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments without creative effort, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A rock-breaking device, characterized in that, The device includes a vibrating housing, inside which a rotatable main shaft is installed. The main shaft is equipped with a main drive mechanism to drive its rotation. A rock-breaking head that rotates with the main shaft is connected to the front end of the main shaft. The central axis of the rock-breaking head is eccentric to the rotation axis of the main shaft. The main shaft is a hollow shaft. An eccentric block that can rotate relative to the main shaft is installed inside the main shaft. The eccentric block is equipped with an eccentric drive mechanism to drive its rotation in order to generate radial vibration.

2. The rock-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the main drive mechanism and the eccentric drive mechanism can be started and stopped independently.

3. The rock-breaking device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The main drive mechanism includes a main drive motor and a gear ring fitted around the main shaft and engaging with the main shaft to prevent rotation. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to a pinion gear, which is connected to the gear ring in a transmission connection.

4. The rock-breaking device according to claim 3, characterized in that it is eccentric. The drive mechanism includes an eccentric drive motor, the output shaft of which is connected to a coupling and connected to an eccentric block via the coupling.

5. The rock-breaking device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The vibrating housing is fixedly connected to a connecting housing. Inside the connecting housing are a main drive mounting base and an eccentric drive mounting base. The main drive motor is mounted on the main drive mounting base, and the eccentric drive motor is mounted on the eccentric drive mounting base.

6. The rock-breaking device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The inner bore of the vibrating housing for mounting the main shaft has a non-uniform diameter structure, with the diameters at both ends being larger than the diameter in the middle.

7. The rock-breaking device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The rock-breaking head is connected to a drive shaft, which is connected to the main shaft.

8. The rock-breaking device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rock-breaking head is a disc-shaped cutterhead, which includes a cutter ring and a cutter body. The cutter ring is bolted to the cutter body and connected to the drive shaft through the cutter body.

9. The rock-breaking device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rock-breaking head is a disc-shaped cutterhead, which is composed of multiple segmented modules connected by a detachable connection structure.

10. A cantilever tunneling machine, comprising a cutting arm with a rock-breaking device connected to it, characterized in that, The rock-breaking device is the rock-breaking device as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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