decap machine

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of huller, belong to grain machinery technical field, including frame, main shaft and multiple blade groups;Frame is horizontally provided with shelling cylinder and rotary driving part, and shelling cylinder two ends are respectively provided feed inlet and discharge port;Main shaft is rotatably connected in shelling cylinder and is connected with rotary driving part;Multiple blade groups are distributed along the circumference of main shaft interval or cross, each blade group includes multiple single blades distributed interval along the axial direction of main shaft, each single blade is inclined to extend and form arc shape around main shaft from feed inlet to discharge port.The utility model provides a kind of huller, since single blade adopts the arc structure of axial extension along main shaft and forms the inclined angle around main shaft, not only can avoid single blade frontal impact material and cause crop grain skin layer breakage, and compared with traditional flat collision strip structure can extend the contact path to crop grain, to improve shelling cleanliness and efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of grain machinery technology, specifically relating to a hulling machine. Background Technology

[0002] After mechanized harvesting of crops such as wheat and sorghum, although the husks are mostly removed, some grains still retain some husks. Therefore, a secondary hulling process using a hulling machine is necessary. Existing hulling machines primarily operate on two principles: friction hulling and impact hulling. However, considering that friction hulling can easily damage the surface of crop grains, affecting storage life and seed quality, impact-based hulling machines are currently the most commonly used method for secondary hulling.

[0003] Currently, hulling machines based on the collision-based dehulling principle mainly rely on several elongated collision bars distributed circumferentially on the main shaft. During the rotation of the main shaft, the husks are knocked off by these collision bars and then blown away by a fan. However, due to the limited length and effective working area of ​​the collision bars, excessively high rotation speeds can easily damage the husk layer of the crop grains, while lowering the rotation speed affects the cleanliness and efficiency of dehulling. Therefore, solutions and improvements are urgently needed to address these shortcomings of current collision-based hulling machines. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides a dehulling machine, which aims to avoid damage to the surface of crop particles during the dehulling process and improve the cleanliness and efficiency of crop particle dehulling.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: to provide a shelling machine, comprising:

[0006] The machine frame has a horizontally arranged shelling cylinder, with a feeding port at the top of one end and a discharge port at the bottom of the other end; the machine frame is equipped with a rotary drive component;

[0007] The main shaft is rotatably connected inside the shelling cylinder and connected to the output end of the rotary drive component.

[0008] Multiple blade groups are distributed circumferentially or intersectingly along the main shaft. Each blade group includes multiple individual blades distributed axially along the main shaft. Each individual blade extends obliquely around the main shaft from the feed port to the discharge port to form an arc shape.

[0009] Each individual blade is used to drive the material toward the discharge port when the main shaft rotates, and to collide and deshell the material.

[0010] In one possible implementation, adjacent individual blades along the main shaft cross each other end-to-end in the circumferential direction of the main shaft.

[0011] In some embodiments, each individual blade has a first gap between itself and the peripheral wall of the main shaft, and each individual blade has a second gap between itself and the inner peripheral wall of the shelling cylinder.

[0012] For example, each individual blade can be detachably connected to a support rod at both ends, and each support rod is detachably connected to the main shaft radially.

[0013] For example, the support rod has several connecting holes spaced apart along its axial direction, and at least two of these connecting holes are connected and fixed to the end of the single blade by fasteners.

[0014] In one possible implementation, a connecting post is provided at one end of the support rod, and the peripheral wall of the main shaft is provided with a threaded hole for the connecting post to pass through and form a threaded engagement.

[0015] In some embodiments, the shelling machine also includes a dust removal system mounted on the frame; the top of the shelling cylinder is provided with a dust removal port, which is connected to the dust removal system.

[0016] For example, the shelling cylinder has multiple dust removal ports spaced apart along its axial direction, one of which is located to the side of the feeding port and another is located directly above the discharge port; the top wall of the shelling cylinder is covered with an air duct corresponding to the position of each dust removal port, and the air ducts are interconnected through air ducts, and one of the air ducts is connected to the dust removal system.

[0017] For example, the shelling cylinder includes an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder. The lower cylinder is fixedly connected to the frame. One side of the upper cylinder is hinged to one side of the lower cylinder. The other side of the upper cylinder overlaps the other side of the lower cylinder and is detachably connected.

[0018] In some embodiments, a feeding hopper is connected to the top wall of one end of the shelling cylinder, and the feeding hopper is aligned and connected to the feeding port; a discharge chute is provided at the bottom of the other end of the shelling cylinder, and the opening of the discharge chute forms a discharge port and is hinged with a gravity cover plate.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the shelling machine provided by this utility model are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the shelling machine of this utility model utilizes the internal space of the horizontally arranged shelling cylinder on the frame as the working chamber. During the shelling operation, the material continuously enters the shelling cylinder through the feeding port. During the rotation of the main shaft, the various blade groups drive the material to move continuously towards the discharge port inside the shelling cylinder. In this process, the material is continuously impacted by the moving individual blades, causing its skin to fall off. Because the individual blades adopt an arc-shaped structure that extends along the axial direction of the main shaft and forms an inclined angle around the main shaft, it can not only avoid the individual blades hitting the material head-on and causing damage to the skin of the crop particles, but also extend the contact path with the crop particles compared with the traditional flat collision strip structure, thereby improving the cleanliness and efficiency of shelling. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the shelling machine provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 A front view structural schematic diagram of the shelling machine (shelling cylinder cut open) provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 A side view of the shelling machine (shelling cylinder cut open) provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the main shaft and blade assembly used in the embodiments of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a side view of the main shaft and blade assembly used in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a front view of the main shaft and blade assembly used in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0026] In the diagram: 10, frame; 20, shelling cylinder; 201, feeding port; 202, discharge port; 203, dust removal port; 204, induced draft box; 205, air duct; 21, upper cylinder; 22, lower cylinder; 23, feeding hopper; 24, discharge chute; 25, gravity cover plate; 30, rotary drive component; 40, main shaft; 41, threaded hole; 50, blade assembly; 500, single blade; 501, first gap; 502, second gap; 51, support rod; 511, connecting hole; 512, connecting column; 60, dust removal system; 61, cyclone dust collector; 62, dust collection box. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0028] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "set on" or "connected to" another element, it can be directly on or indirectly on the other element. It should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" or "several" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0029] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 6 The shelling machine provided by this utility model will now be described. The shelling machine includes a frame 10, a main shaft 40, and multiple blade groups 50; a shelling cylinder 20 is horizontally arranged on the frame 10, with a feeding port 201 at the top of one end and a discharge port 202 at the bottom of the other end; a rotary drive component 30 is provided on the frame 10; the main shaft 40 is rotatably connected inside the shelling cylinder 20 and connected to the output end of the rotary drive component 30; multiple blade groups 50 are distributed circumferentially or intersectingly along the main shaft 40, and each blade group 50 includes multiple individual blades 500 distributed axially along the main shaft 40, each individual blade 500 extending obliquely from the feeding port 201 to the discharge port 202 around the main shaft 40 to form an arc shape; wherein, each individual blade 500 is used to drive the material to move towards the discharge port 202 when the main shaft 40 rotates, and to collide and shell the material.

[0030] It should be explained that the dehulling machine provided in this embodiment can remove the outer skin covering the crop particles inside the dehulling cylinder 20 while simultaneously blowing or drawing out the removed outer skin directly from the dehulling cylinder 20, so that clean crop particles are directly discharged from the discharge port 202; alternatively, after dehulling is completed inside the dehulling machine, the crop particles and the removed outer skin are discharged together from the discharge port 202, and then the crop particles and outer skin are separated cleanly by a matching air separation device; considering the dehulling efficiency, the former solution is preferred here.

[0031] It should be noted that in this embodiment, each blade group 50 can be arranged sequentially at intervals along the circumference of the main shaft 40, such as... Figure 5As shown, the blades can also be arranged in a staggered pattern along the circumference of the main axis 40. Here, the former method, i.e., the circumferentially spaced distribution, is preferred. This improves the collision effect of material falling from one blade group 50 onto the adjacent blade group 50, thereby enhancing the desquamation effect.

[0032] Furthermore, for each blade group 50, each individual blade 500 can have a certain degree of overlap in the axial direction of the main shaft 40 (e.g., Figure 6 (As shown), it can also be non-overlapping or have axial spacing.

[0033] In this embodiment, the rotary drive 30 can be a motor, which transmits its rotational power to the main shaft 40 through belt drive, chain drive, or gear drive.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the dehulling machine provided in this embodiment first turns on the rotary drive 30 during dehulling, and then feeds the crop particles as material into the dehulling cylinder 20 continuously through the feeding port 201. When the crop particles fall from the feeding port 201, they directly collide with the blade unit that moves with the main shaft 40. Since the blade unit is set at an axial inclination relative to the main shaft 40, the blade unit can drive the crop particles to move continuously towards the discharge port 202. Therefore, each blade group 50 has the function of jointly driving the material to move towards the discharge port 202 in the dehulling cylinder 20.

[0035] As the material continuously impacts each individual blade 500, the incomplete outer skin covering the crop particles is gradually knocked off. Since the individual blade 500 is an arc-shaped structure surrounding the main shaft 40, the crop particles do not impact the individual blade 500 perpendicularly, but rather at a certain angle. This avoids excessive impact force from the individual blade 500 on the crop particles, which could lead to surface damage.

[0036] Compared to the traditional shelling machine with several axially extending collision strips distributed circumferentially on the main shaft 40, this design avoids surface damage to crop particles at higher speeds. Furthermore, the contact surface and contact path of each individual blade 500 acting on the material are significantly improved compared to the straight contact path of the traditional collision strips. This not only improves the cleanliness of shelling crop particles, resulting in higher quality crop particles, but also significantly enhances shelling efficiency.

[0037] In some embodiments, see Figure 6Adjacent individual blades 500 along the axial direction of the main shaft 40 intersect end-to-end in the circumferential direction of the main shaft 40. Adjacent individual blades 500 along the axial direction of the main shaft 40 belong to the same blade group 50. This can be understood as adjacent individual blades 500 in the same blade group 50 partially overlapping in the circumferential direction of the main shaft 40. Thus, the circumferentially distributed blade groups 50 can form a continuous collision channel around the main shaft 40, ensuring that the material is always subjected to the collision action of one of the individual blades 500 during its continuous movement towards the discharge port 202, thereby ensuring the dehulling quality.

[0038] For some possible implementations, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 3 Each individual blade 500 has a first gap 501 between itself and the peripheral wall of the main shaft 40, and each individual blade 500 has a second gap 502 between itself and the inner peripheral wall of the desquamation cylinder 20. This can also be understood as each individual blade 500 being suspended and surrounding the outer periphery of the main shaft 40. In this way, the internal space of the desquamation cylinder 20 is divided into three annular regions: a first annular cavity formed between the individual blade 500 and the peripheral wall of the main shaft 40 based on the first gap 501; a second annular cavity formed between the individual blade 500 and the inner peripheral wall of the desquamation cylinder 20 based on the second gap 502; and a spiral channel corresponding to each individual blade 500 formed between the first and second annular cavities.

[0039] Based on the above structure, the material moves continuously between the first and second annular cavities within the desquamation cylinder 20 as the main shaft 40 rotates. Whether it enters the second annular cavity from the first annular cavity or the first annular cavity from the second annular cavity, it will pass through the spiral channel and collide with the individual blades 500. Therefore, compared with the traditional method of directly fixing the spiral blades to the shaft, the method of suspending and surrounding each individual blade 500 can increase the number of collisions between the material and the individual blades 500 by several times, thereby improving the desquamation cleanliness and efficiency.

[0040] Specifically, such as Figures 4 to 6 As shown, each individual blade 500 has a support rod 51 detachably connected to both ends, and each support rod 51 is detachably connected to the main shaft 40 radially. The support rods 51 support and fix both ends of the individual blade 500, thereby creating a first gap 501 and a second gap 502 between the individual blade 500 and the main shaft 40 and the inner wall of the shelling cylinder 20, respectively. Since the individual blade 500 and the support rod 51, as well as the support rod 51 and the main shaft 40, are all detachably connected, it is convenient to disassemble and replace the individual blade 500, thus meeting the replacement needs of the individual blade 500 after wear and the replacement needs of individual blades 500 adapted to different materials.

[0041] It should be noted that in this embodiment, please refer to... Figure 5 The support rod 51 has several connecting holes 511 spaced apart along its axial direction, and at least two of the connecting holes 511 are connected and fixed to the end of the single blade 500 by fasteners. Each support rod 51 can have two or more connecting holes 511. The end of the single blade 500 is connected to two of the connecting holes 511 by two fasteners. When it is necessary to adjust the first gap 501 or the second gap 502, only different connecting holes 511 need to be replaced. At the same time, for single blades 500 of different sizes, corresponding connecting holes 511 can be selected for connection, improving assembly adaptability and adjustability.

[0042] As an optional connection method between the aforementioned support rod 51 and the main shaft 40, please refer to... Figure 2 and Figure 5 As understood, a connecting post 512 is provided at one end of the support rod 51, and a threaded hole 41 is provided on the peripheral wall of the main shaft 40 for the connecting post 512 to pass through and form a threaded engagement. The connecting post 512 at the end of the support rod 51 is specifically an externally threaded post. By screwing the connecting post 512 into the corresponding threaded hole 41 on the main shaft 40, the connection between the support rod 51 and the main shaft 40 can be achieved. Moreover, since both ends of the single blade 500 are connected to the support rod 51, the situation where the connecting post 512 rotates freely and slips out of the threaded hole 41 can be avoided after assembly. The connection method is not only simple but also reliable.

[0043] In addition, by removing the fasteners from the end of the support rod 51 and the single blade 500, the support rod 51 can be rotated to adjust the depth of the connecting column 512 entering the threaded hole 41, thereby adjusting the size of the first gap 501 and the second gap 502. The operation is simple and convenient.

[0044] For some possible implementations, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 The shelling machine also includes a dust removal system 60 mounted on the frame 10; the top of the shelling cylinder 20 is provided with a dust removal port 203, which is connected to the dust removal system 60.

[0045] The dust removal system 60 is usually a negative pressure dust removal system. When the dust removal port 203 is connected to the dust removal system 60, a negative pressure is generated inside the shelling cylinder 20. The husks that fall off the crop particles can be sucked out of the shelling cylinder 20 under the action of negative pressure, so that the discharge port 202 can directly discharge clean crop particles. Therefore, the dust removal system 60 can not only avoid the dust problem that occurs during the shelling process, but also take into account the function of removing the husks.

[0046] Specifically, such as Figure 1As shown, the dust removal system 60 can be a cyclone dust collector 61. A dust collection box 62 is set at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector 61. The cyclone dust collector 61 draws dust and shells out from the shell removal cylinder 20. Then, the dust and shells are blocked in the cyclone dust collector 61 and fall into the dust collection box 62. After dust removal, the clean air can be discharged directly. Only the dust collection box 62 needs to be cleaned regularly, which can improve the environmental protection of the shell removal operation.

[0047] To improve dust removal efficiency, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 In this embodiment, the shelling cylinder 20 has multiple dust removal ports 203 distributed at intervals along its axial direction. One dust removal port 203 is located to the side of the feeding port 201, and another dust removal port 203 is located directly above the discharge port 202. The top wall of the shelling cylinder 20 is covered with an air duct 204 corresponding to the position of each dust removal port 203. Each air duct 204 is interconnected through an air duct 205, and one of the air ducts 204 is connected to the dust removal system 60.

[0048] Since the various air ducts 204 are interconnected, the dust removal system 60 only needs to be connected to one of the air ducts 204 for the convenience of pipeline layout, so that each dust removal port 203 can generate suction. On this basis, the material falling from the feeding port 201 is subjected to the negative pressure suction of the dust removal port 203 on the side of the feeding port 201 to complete one dust removal, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the material entering the shelling cylinder 20 for shelling. The shells that are continuously detached during the shelling process are extracted from the corresponding dust removal port 203 nearby. Finally, when the material reaches the discharge port 202 area, the dust and shells that have not been extracted are once again extracted by the negative pressure suction of the dust removal port 203 above the discharge port 202 and are extracted by the dust removal system 60, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the material discharged from the discharge port 202.

[0049] Optionally, in this embodiment, the structure of the shelling cylinder 20 is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the shelling cylinder 20 includes an upper half cylinder 21 and a lower half cylinder 22. The lower half cylinder 22 is fixedly connected to the frame 10. One side of the upper half cylinder 21 is hinged to one side of the lower half cylinder 22, and the other side of the upper half cylinder 21 overlaps the other side of the lower half cylinder 22 and is detachably connected.

[0050] The shell-removing cylinder 20 adopts a split structure with upper and lower snap-fit, and one side is hinged and the other side is detachably connected by bolts or other means. By simply removing the bolts on one side, the upper cylinder 21 can be flipped open to expose the main shaft 40 and each blade group 50, which makes it easy to adjust and replace the individual blades 500 and improves the convenience of maintenance.

[0051] It is important to understand that you should refer to [the relevant documentation / reference]. Figure 2In this embodiment, a feeding hopper 23 is connected to the top wall of one end of the shelling cylinder 20, and the feeding hopper 23 is aligned and connected to the feeding port 201. A discharge chute 24 is provided at the bottom of the other end of the shelling cylinder 20, and the opening of the discharge chute 24 forms a discharge port 202 and is hinged to a gravity cover plate 25. By setting the feeding hopper 23, it is convenient to continuously feed the material to the feeding port 201 and avoid material leakage. After the material enters the discharge chute 24, the gravity cover plate 25 swings open the discharge port 202 due to the impact of the material's downward inertia to discharge the material. After the material is discharged, the gravity cover plate 25 automatically closes the discharge port 202 based on its own weight. The structure is simple and can maintain a certain negative pressure environment inside the shelling cylinder 20, which is beneficial to improving the negative pressure dust removal and the cleanliness of shell removal.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A shelling machine, characterized in that, include: The machine frame has a horizontally arranged shelling cylinder, with a feeding port at the top of one end and a discharge port at the bottom of the other end; a rotary drive component is provided on the machine frame. The main shaft is rotatably connected inside the shelling cylinder and connected to the output end of the rotary drive component; Multiple blade groups are distributed circumferentially or intersectingly along the main shaft. Each blade group includes multiple individual blades distributed axially along the main shaft. Each individual blade extends obliquely from the feed port to the discharge port around the main shaft to form an arc shape. Each of the individual blades is used to drive the material toward the discharge port when the main shaft rotates, and to collide and deshell the material.

2. The shelling machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The individual blades that are adjacent along the axial direction of the main shaft cross each other end-to-end in the circumferential direction of the main shaft.

3. The shelling machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the individual blades has a first gap between itself and the peripheral wall of the main shaft, and each of the individual blades has a second gap between itself and the inner peripheral wall of the shelling cylinder.

4. The shelling machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the individual blades is detachably connected to a support rod at both ends, and each of the support rods is detachably connected to the main shaft radially.

5. The shelling machine as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The support rod has a number of connection holes spaced apart along its axial direction, and at least two of the connection holes are connected and fixed to the end of the single blade by fasteners.

6. The shelling machine as described in claim 4, characterized in that, One end of the support rod is provided with a connecting post, and the peripheral wall of the main shaft is provided with a threaded hole for the connecting post to pass through and form a threaded engagement.

7. The shelling machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The shelling machine also includes a dust removal system mounted on the frame; the top of the shelling cylinder is provided with a dust removal port, which is connected to the dust removal system.

8. The shelling machine as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The shelling cylinder has multiple dust removal ports spaced apart along its axial direction. One of the dust removal ports is located to the side of the feeding port, and another of the dust removal ports is located directly above the discharge port. The top wall of the shelling cylinder is covered with an air duct corresponding to the position of each dust removal port. The air ducts are interconnected through air ducts, and one of the air ducts is connected to the dust removal system.

9. The shelling machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The shelling cylinder includes an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder. The lower cylinder is fixedly connected to the frame. One side of the upper cylinder is hinged to one side of the lower cylinder. The other side of the upper cylinder overlaps the other side of the lower cylinder and is detachably connected.

10. The shelling machine according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The top wall of one end of the shelling cylinder is connected to a feeding hopper, which is aligned and connected to the feeding port; the bottom of the other end of the shelling cylinder is provided with a discharge chute, the opening of which forms the discharge port and is hinged with a gravity cover plate.

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