Multi-station polishing sander

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of polishing and grinding technology, and in particular to a multi-station polishing and grinding machine, including a disc feeding mechanism, a top surface processing head, and a side surface processing head. The top surface processing head has a first processing end, and the side surface processing head has a second processing end. The disc feeding mechanism has several clamping structures for fixing workpieces and a control structure for controlling the movement of the clamping structures. The control structure can drive the clamping structures to move, so that the workpiece contacts the first processing end and the second processing end in sequence. This utility model has multiple clamping structures forming multiple stations, and is equipped with a top surface processing head and a side surface processing head. During production, the workpiece is controlled to pass through the top surface processing head and the side surface processing head to complete the processing. Therefore, the workpiece can be polished continuously to improve production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of polishing and grinding technology, and in particular to a multi-station polishing and grinding machine. Background Technology

[0002] Hardware components are tools made from metals such as gold, silver, copper, iron, and tin through processing and casting, used to fix or decorate objects. Currently, hardware components commonly referred to include mechanical hardware and architectural hardware, while metal caps are a type of mechanical hardware; a common example is the casing of the sound buttons on musical instruments.

[0003] Currently, when processing workpieces such as metal caps, it is necessary to polish and / or grind the outer wall of the workpiece. When polishing and / or grinding workpieces such as metal caps, the sides and top surfaces need to be treated. However, existing polishing and grinding machines cannot process the sides and top surfaces of the workpiece continuously, so the production efficiency is limited.

[0004] Secondly, when processing the top and sides of workpieces, different sizes of workpieces require different grinding areas, so different sizes (such as different widths) of abrasive belts are often needed for grinding. This results in the current polishing and grinding machines not being very versatile and unable to grind workpieces of different sizes. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a multi-station polishing and grinding machine, which aims to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a multi-station polishing and grinding machine includes a disc feeding mechanism, a top surface processing head and a side surface processing head, the top surface processing head having a first processing end and the side surface processing head having a second processing end;

[0007] The disc feeding mechanism has several clamping structures for fixing the workpiece and control structures for controlling the movement of the clamping structures.

[0008] The control structure can drive the clamping structure to move, and cause the workpiece to come into contact with the first processing end and the second processing end in sequence.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution:

[0010] The polishing and grinding machine of this utility model can process the top surface and side wall of the workpiece through the set top surface processing head and side surface processing head. During processing, the disc feeding mechanism can control the movement of the workpiece and pass through one side of the side surface processing head (at this time, the workpiece is in contact with the second processing end and the side of the workpiece is polished by the second processing end) and one side of the top surface processing head (at this time, the workpiece is in contact with the first processing end and the top surface of the workpiece is polished by the first processing end).

[0011] Preferably, the disc feeding mechanism includes a turntable and several clamping structures mounted on the turntable; wherein the turntable can be controlled by a driver to rotate.

[0012] Preferably, each clamping structure includes:

[0013] The support structure is fixed to the turntable;

[0014] The clamping shaft consists of a first shaft that is rotatably mounted on the support and a second shaft that is fixed to the first shaft;

[0015] The clamping shaft is provided with a movable cavity that is coaxially arranged and extends through both ends of the clamping shaft, and the outer wall of the second shaft is provided with a number of slots, which causes the outer wall of the second shaft to form a number of clamping parts.

[0016] The movable cavity is fixedly connected to a limit shaft that can move up and down by a limit spring. One end of the limit shaft is formed with a tensioning part. When the tensioning part contacts the second shaft, it drives the clamping part to open and fix the workpiece. When the tensioning part separates from the second shaft, the clamping part contracts and releases the workpiece.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution:

[0018] The disc feeding mechanism of this utility model consists of a turntable and a clamping structure. The clamping structure is equidistantly spaced on the turntable. Therefore, when the turntable rotates, the clamping structure can move circumferentially, allowing the worker to load and unload materials from one position on the turntable, which is convenient for the worker to load and unload materials.

[0019] Preferably, it further includes a discharge structure, which includes a discharge shaft capable of moving up and down within the movable cavity and a top-loosening cylinder for controlling the movement of the discharge shaft.

[0020] When the unloading shaft rises and the control limit shaft rises, the tensioning part separates from the second shaft.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution:

[0022] The disc feeding mechanism of this utility model is also equipped with a discharge structure, which can automatically discharge the workpiece. The worker only needs to remove the fallen workpiece and install the new workpiece on the clamping structure.

[0023] Preferably, each clamping shaft is equipped with a first pulley; and it also includes a second pulley that is rotatably movable, the second pulley being controllable to rotate by a pulley motor;

[0024] Each of the first and second pulleys is connected by a belt.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution:

[0026] The transmission assembly of this invention, consisting of a first pulley and a second pulley, can drive the workpiece to rotate during processing, so that the sides and top surfaces of the workpiece can be processed more efficiently.

[0027] Preferably, the top surface processing head includes:

[0028] First support;

[0029] The first bracket is movably mounted on the first support;

[0030] The first mounting bracket is mounted on the first support in a liftable manner under the control of the driver;

[0031] The first mounting bracket is equipped with a top surface processing device.

[0032] Preferably, the top surface processing device includes:

[0033] The first motor is mounted on the first mounting bracket in a horizontally movable manner;

[0034] The second bracket is fixedly connected to the housing of the first motor;

[0035] At least two first processing wheels are rotatably mounted on the second support, and any one of the first processing wheels can be controlled by the first motor;

[0036] The first sanding belt is connected to the first processing wheel via a drive mechanism;

[0037] The first mounting bracket is also fixedly connected to a second motor, which controls the first motor to move horizontally back and forth via a crank-connecting rod structure.

[0038] By adopting the above technical solution:

[0039] During processing, the top surface processing head of this utility model can control the first sanding belt to move horizontally back and forth through the second motor, which can increase the grinding range of the first sanding belt and ensure that the top surface of the workpiece can be completely ground.

[0040] Preferably, the side processing head includes:

[0041] Second support;

[0042] The third support is movably mounted on the second support.

[0043] The second mounting bracket is mounted on the third bracket in a liftable manner;

[0044] The third bracket is fixed with a third motor, which controls the reciprocating lifting and lowering of the second mounting frame through a crank-connecting rod structure, and a side processing device is installed on the second mounting frame.

[0045] Preferably, the side processing device includes:

[0046] At least two second processing wheels are rotatably mounted on the second mounting bracket;

[0047] The fourth motor is mounted on the second mounting bracket and can control the rotation of any second machining wheel;

[0048] The second sanding belt is connected to the second processing wheel via a drive system.

[0049] Preferably, it further includes a housing for mounting the disc feeding mechanism, the top surface processing head, and the side processing head, the housing having at least one feed port.

[0050] By adopting the above technical solution:

[0051] During processing, the side processing head of this utility model can control the reciprocating lifting and lowering of the second mounting frame through the third motor, which can also cause the second sanding belt to move longitudinally back and forth. This can increase the grinding range of the second sanding belt and ensure that the side surface of the workpiece can be completely ground. Attached Figure Description

[0052] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0053] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a specific embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0054] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A structural diagram without the chassis;

[0055] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the disc feeding mechanism in specific embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0056] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A bottom view;

[0057] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the turntable driver in specific embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0058] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping structure in specific embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0059] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure after the workpiece is hidden;

[0060] Figure 8 for Figure 6 AA section view in the middle;

[0061] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the top surface processing head in specific embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0062] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A structural diagram concealing the first support, sliding plate, and top surface processing device;

[0063] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Top view;

[0064] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the side processing head in specific embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0065] Figure 13 for Figure 12 A structural schematic diagram that conceals part of the side processing device;

[0066] Figure 14 for Figure 13 Another perspective illustration;

[0067] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second support in specific embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0068] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the disc feeding mechanism in specific embodiment 2 of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0069] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0070] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model discloses a multi-station polishing and grinding machine, including a disc feeding mechanism 1, a top surface processing head 2, and a side surface processing head 3. The top surface processing head has a first processing end, and the side surface processing head has a second processing end.

[0071] The disc feeding mechanism has several clamping structures for fixing the workpiece and control structures for controlling the movement of the clamping structures.

[0072] The control structure can drive the clamping structure to move, and cause the workpiece to come into contact with the first processing end and the second processing end in sequence.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a housing 10 is also included for mounting the disc feeding mechanism 1, the top surface processing head and the side processing head. The housing 10 has a material inlet 11, which is an opening located on the front side of the housing 10. Workers can place workpieces on the disc feeding mechanism through the material inlet. For easy observation, multiple glass observation windows 12 are provided on the housing 10 in this embodiment.

[0074] Please refer to Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, there are two top surface processing heads 2 and two side surface processing heads 3, which are arranged alternately at intervals.

[0075] Please refer to Figures 3-8 As shown, in this embodiment: the disc feeding mechanism 1 includes a turntable 100 (which is the control structure in this embodiment) and several clamping structures mounted on the turntable 100; wherein, the turntable 100 can be controlled by a first driver to rotate; in this embodiment, the first driver for controlling the rotation of the turntable 100 is a motor 101 and a reducer 102 mounted in the housing 10. The output shaft 102a of the reducer 102 is connected to the turntable 100 by bolts 102b, so that the turntable 100 can be driven to rotate by the cooperation of the motor and the reducer.

[0076] In this embodiment: each clamping structure includes:

[0077] Support body 40 is fixed on turntable 100;

[0078] The clamping shaft consists of a first shaft 41 rotatably mounted on the support 40 and a second shaft 42 fixed to the first shaft 41.

[0079] The clamping shaft is provided with a movable cavity 43 that is coaxially arranged and extends through both ends of the clamping shaft. The outer wall of the second shaft body 42 is provided with a plurality of slots 420, which causes the outer wall of the second shaft body 42 to form a plurality of clamping parts 421.

[0080] A movable limiting shaft 45 is fixedly connected to the movable cavity 43 by a limiting spring 44. One end of the limiting shaft 45 has a tensioning part 450. When the tensioning part 450 contacts the clamping part 421 of the second shaft, it drives the clamping part 421 to open and fix the workpiece 14. When the tensioning part 450 separates from the second shaft 42, the clamping part 421 retracts and releases the workpiece. Figure 8 As shown, the limiting spring 44 is disposed in the movable cavity and is coaxially arranged with the limiting shaft 45. The two ends of the limiting spring 44 are connected to the inner wall of the movable cavity and the limiting part 45a on the limiting shaft 45. Therefore, the limiting spring 44 can drive the limiting shaft 45 to move downward. When the limiting shaft moves downward, the tensioning part 450 moves downward. Since the cross-sectional diameter of the tensioning part 450 gradually expands from bottom to top, it will cause each clamping part 421 to move outward (that is, move away from the axis of the limiting shaft 45), thereby fixing the workpiece.

[0081] In this embodiment, a bearing is provided between the clamping shaft and the support body 40, so that the clamping shaft can be rotatably mounted on the support body.

[0082] In this embodiment, each clamping shaft is equipped with a first pulley 51, which is connected to the first shaft body 41 and located below the turntable 100; it also includes a second pulley 52 that is rotatably movable, and the second pulley 52 can be controlled to rotate by a pulley motor 52a, such as... Figures 1-3 As shown, a motor housing 53 is installed on the chassis 10, and a pulley motor 52 is located inside the motor housing 53. The second pulley 52 is rotatably connected inside the motor housing 53 and connected to the motor shaft of the pulley motor 52a.

[0083] A belt 55 is connected between each of the first pulleys 51 and the second pulleys 52 for transmission.

[0084] refer to Figures 9-11 In this embodiment, the top surface processing head 2 includes: a first support 20;

[0085] The first bracket 21 is movably mounted on the first support 20;

[0086] The first mounting bracket 22 is controlled by the second driver 22a (such as a cylinder or hydraulic cylinder) to be mounted on the first support 21 in a liftable manner;

[0087] The first mounting bracket 22 is equipped with a top surface processing device.

[0088] In this embodiment, a base plate 20a is provided on the first support 20, and a sliding plate 20b is slidably connected on the base plate 20a. The first bracket 21 is installed on the sliding plate 20b. A lead screw structure (also called a lead screw structure) is provided between the base plate 20a and the sliding plate 20b. The lead screw structure consists of a lead screw 20c and a lead screw seat 20d. The lead screw 20c is driven by a lead screw motor 20e, and the lead screw seat 20d is connected to the sliding plate 20b.

[0089] In this embodiment, the sliding plate and the base plate are used for limiting, and the mating surfaces of the two are set in a dovetail shape. That is, the base plate 20a is provided with a dovetail block and the sliding plate 20b is provided with a dovetail groove. In this way, when the lead screw structure is driven, the sliding plate can be controlled to move on the base plate.

[0090] In this embodiment, the top surface processing device includes:

[0091] The first motor 23 is mounted on the first mounting bracket 22 in a horizontally movable manner;

[0092] The second bracket 24 is fixedly connected to the housing of the first motor 23;

[0093] Two first processing wheels 25 are rotatably mounted on the second bracket 24, and either first processing wheel 25 can be controlled by the first motor 23;

[0094] The first sanding belt 26 is connected to the first processing wheel 25 via a transmission.

[0095] The first mounting bracket 22 is also fixedly connected to a second motor 27, which controls the first motor 23 to move horizontally back and forth through a crank-connecting rod structure.

[0096] In this embodiment, four first support blocks 28 are fixedly connected to the first mounting bracket 22, with each pair of first support blocks 28 corresponding to the others. A first slide rail 29 is fixedly connected between the corresponding first support blocks 28. A first slider 29a is slidably connected to the first slide rail. A first motor plate 29b is fixedly connected to the first slider 29a. A first motor 23 is mounted on the first motor plate 29b. A second motor 27 is mounted on the first mounting bracket 22. The crank-connecting rod structure is driven by a drive block 29e driven by the second motor 27. The drive block is rotatably connected to a connecting rod 29f via a shaft. The connecting rod 29f is rotatably connected to a driven block 29g via a shaft. The driven block is connected to the first motor plate 29b.

[0097] In this embodiment, a tensioning cylinder 24a is also installed on the second bracket 24. The output end of the tensioning cylinder 24a is connected to the first support seat 25a of the first processing wheel, and the first processing wheel is rotatably connected to the first support seat 25a.

[0098] refer to Figure 12In this embodiment: the side processing head 3 includes: a second support 30;

[0099] The third support 31 is movably mounted on the second support 30;

[0100] The second mounting bracket 32 ​​is mounted on the third bracket 31 in a liftable manner;

[0101] The third bracket 31 is fixed with a third motor 34, which controls the reciprocating lifting and lowering of the second mounting bracket 32 ​​through a crank-connecting rod structure, and a side processing device is installed on the second mounting bracket 32.

[0102] In this embodiment, the crank-connecting rod structure of the side processing head 3 is the same as that of the top processing head. A drive block 29e is installed at the output end of the third motor 34. The drive block 29e is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 29f via a shaft. The other end of the connecting rod 29f is rotatably connected to the driven block 29g via a shaft.

[0103] In this embodiment, four second support blocks 35 are fixedly connected to the third bracket 31, with each pair of second support blocks 35 corresponding to each other, and a second slide rail 36 is fixedly connected between the corresponding second support blocks 35. A second slider 37 is slidably connected to the second slide rail 36. The second mounting bracket 32 ​​is connected to the second slider 37, and the driven block 29g used to drive the second mounting bracket 32 ​​to move is integrally formed with the second mounting bracket 32.

[0104] In this embodiment: the side processing device includes:

[0105] Two second processing wheels 38 are rotatably mounted on the second mounting bracket 32;

[0106] The fourth motor 39 is mounted on the second mounting bracket 32 ​​and can control the rotation of any second processing wheel 38. In this embodiment, one of the second processing wheels 38 is connected to the motor shaft of the fourth motor 39, and the other processing wheel is mounted on the second mounting bracket 32 ​​through the second support seat 38a. The second support seat 38 is connected to the second mounting bracket 32 ​​through the tension cylinder 24a.

[0107] The second sanding belt 38b is connected to the second processing wheel 38 via a transmission.

[0108] In this embodiment, the second support 30 is also provided with a base plate 20a, and a sliding plate 20b is slidably connected on the base plate 20a. A lead screw structure is also provided between the base plate 20a and the sliding plate 20b (the lead screw structure is not shown in the diagram here). The relationship between the base plate, the sliding plate and the lead screw structure on the second support of the side processing head is the same as that of the top processing head. The difference from the top processing head is that the sliding plate 20b is provided with four third support blocks 60, with each pair of third support blocks 60 corresponding to the others. A third slide rail 61 is connected between the corresponding third support blocks 60. A third slider 62 is slidably connected on the third slide rail 61. The third bracket 31 is mounted on the third slider 62, and a third driver 63 (such as a cylinder or hydraulic cylinder) for controlling the horizontal movement of the third bracket 31 is mounted on the sliding plate.

[0109] The principle of this embodiment is:

[0110] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, the turntable is provided with multiple clamping structures, and the clamping structure closest to the belt pulley motor 52a is the loading and unloading station. The clamping structure at this position is close to the material port on the machine box. In other words, the worker can place the workpiece on the clamping structure at this position through the material port, or remove the workpiece through the material port.

[0111] refer to Figures 6-8 The working principle of the clamping structure is as follows: Before the workpiece is placed on the second shaft, it can be passed through the slot by a tool (such as tweezers, which can pass through the slot on the second shaft) and the tensioning part rises. When the tensioning part separates from the inner wall of the second shaft, the clamping part retracts. Then the workpiece can be placed on the top of the second shaft. Then the tensioning part is released. The tensioning part descends due to the limit spring and contacts the inner wall of the second shaft, causing the clamping part to unfold outward, thereby fixing the workpiece.

[0112] refer to Figures 2-5 The feeding principle of the turntable is as follows: After the workpiece is fixed, the turntable is controlled to rotate by the first driver, thereby driving the clamping structure to pass through the side processing head and the top processing head in sequence. When the turntable rotates, when the clamping structure moves to the position close to the material port, the first pulley at the bottom of the clamping structure separates from the belt. Therefore, the clamping structure close to the material port will not be controlled to rotate by the belt motor, while the first pulley at the bottom of the clamping structure at other positions is in contact with the belt. When the belt motor starts, the second pulley can be used to control the rotation of the clamping shaft and drive the workpiece to rotate.

[0113] refer to Figure 2 , Figures 9-11The working principle of the top surface processing head is as follows: the first motor controls the rotation of the first processing wheel and drives the first sanding belt to move. The first sanding belt can be used to grind the top surface of the workpiece. During the grinding process, the second motor uses a crank-connecting rod mechanism to control the horizontal reciprocating movement of the first motor plate, thereby increasing the grinding range of the first sanding belt. In addition, the lead screw structure set on the first support can control the reciprocating movement of the first support. Therefore, the relative distance between the first sanding belt and the workpiece can be adjusted when grinding workpieces of different sizes.

[0114] refer to Figure 2 , Figures 12-15 The working principle of the side processing head is as follows: the fourth motor controls the rotation of the second processing wheel and drives the second sanding belt to move. The second sanding belt can be used to grind the side of the workpiece. During the grinding process, the third motor controls the second mounting bracket to move longitudinally back and forth through the crank connecting rod structure, thereby expanding the grinding range of the second sanding belt. In addition, the second support is equipped with the same screw structure as the first support, so the relative distance of the second sanding belt to grind different workpieces can also be adjusted.

[0115] It is worth mentioning that: tension cylinders are provided on the top surface processing head and the side processing head of this embodiment to adjust the tension of the first sanding belt and the second sanding belt.

[0116] Secondly, the second driver 22a and the third driver 63 provided in this embodiment are used for the feeding process of the first and second abrasive belts. The lead screw structure provided on the first and second supports is used to adjust the relative distance. During grinding, the lead screw structure does not operate. Therefore, the feeding of the first and second abrasive belts is entirely performed by the second and third drivers. Specifically, when the second driver controls the first abrasive belt to descend, the first abrasive belt contacts the workpiece; conversely, the first abrasive belt separates from the workpiece. Similarly, with... Figure 12 For example, when the third driver controls the second sanding belt to move to the left, the second sanding belt contacts the workpiece; conversely, when it moves to the left, the second sanding belt separates from the workpiece.

[0117] This embodiment can grind workpieces with inner grooves. The inner groove refers to a groove or cavity that can be fixed by the clamping shaft of this embodiment. The size of the outer surface of the workpiece (the surface to be ground) is not limited in this embodiment.

[0118] Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that:

[0119] like Figure 8 and 16 As shown, in this embodiment, a discharge structure is also included, which includes a discharge shaft 80 that can be raised and lowered within the movable cavity, and a top-loosening cylinder 81 for controlling the raising and lowering of the discharge shaft 80.

[0120] When the unloading shaft 80 rises and the control limit shaft 45 rises, the tensioning part 450 separates from the second shaft 42.

[0121] In this embodiment, the top-loosening cylinder is located below the clamping structure corresponding to the loading and unloading stations.

[0122] The unloading structure in this embodiment can control the clamping part to automatically tighten and loosen the workpiece. Therefore, the worker only needs to place the workpiece on the second shaft or remove the workpiece from the second shaft. No other tools are needed for loading and unloading.

[0123] In this embodiment, the cylinder shaft of the top loosening cylinder 81 is not connected to the unloading shaft 80. When the cylinder shaft of the top loosening cylinder 81 rises and contacts the bottom of the unloading shaft, it drives the unloading shaft 80 to rise. When the cylinder shaft of the top loosening cylinder falls, the unloading shaft falls due to gravity and / or the action of the limiting spring.

[0124] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-station polishing and grinding machine, characterized in that: It includes a disc feeding mechanism (1), a top surface processing head (2) and a side surface processing head (3), the top surface processing head (2) having a first processing end and the side surface processing head (3) having a second processing end; Among them, the disc feeding mechanism (1) has several clamping structures for fixing the workpiece (14) and control structures for controlling the movement of the clamping structures; The control structure can drive the clamping structure to move and make the workpiece (14) contact the first processing end and the second processing end in sequence.

2. The multi-station polishing and grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disc feeding mechanism (1) includes a turntable (100) and a plurality of clamping structures mounted on the turntable (100); The turntable (100) can be controlled by the driver to rotate.

3. A multi-station polishing and grinding machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Each clamping structure includes: The support (40) is fixed on the turntable (100); The clamping shaft consists of a first shaft (41) rotatably mounted on the support (40) and a second shaft (42) fixed on the first shaft (41); The clamping shaft is provided with a movable cavity (43) that is coaxially arranged and extends through both ends of the clamping shaft. The outer wall of the second shaft (42) is provided with a number of slots (420) and the outer wall of the second shaft (42) forms a number of clamping parts (421). The movable cavity (43) is fixedly connected to a limit shaft (45) that can move up and down by a limit spring (44). One end of the limit shaft (45) is formed with a tensioning part (450). When the tensioning part (450) contacts the second shaft (42), it drives the clamping part (421) to open and fix the workpiece (14). When the tensioning part (450) separates from the second shaft (42), the clamping part (421) contracts and releases the workpiece (14).

4. A multi-station polishing and grinding machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a discharge structure, which includes a discharge shaft (80) that can move up and down within the movable cavity (43) and a top-loosening cylinder (81) for controlling the up and down movement of the discharge shaft (80). When the unloading shaft (80) rises and the control limit shaft (45) rises, the tensioning part (450) separates from the second shaft (42).

5. A multi-station polishing and grinding machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each clamping shaft is equipped with a first pulley (51); it also includes a second pulley (52) that is rotatably movable, and the second pulley (52) can be controlled to rotate by a pulley motor (52a); A belt (55) is connected between each of the first pulleys (51) and the second pulleys (52).

6. A multi-station polishing and grinding machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The top surface processing head (2) includes: First support (20); The first bracket (21) is movably mounted on the first support (20); The first mounting bracket (22) is mounted on the first support (21) in a liftable manner under the control of the driver; The first mounting bracket (22) is equipped with a top surface processing device.

7. A multi-station polishing and grinding machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top surface processing device includes: The first motor (23) is mounted on the first mounting bracket (22) in a horizontally movable manner; The second bracket (24) is fixedly connected to the housing of the first motor (23); At least two first processing wheels (25) are rotatably mounted on the second support (24), and any one of the first processing wheels (25) can be controlled by the first motor (23); The first sanding belt (26) is connected to the first processing wheel (25) via a transmission. The first mounting bracket (22) is also fixedly connected to a second motor (27), which controls the first motor (23) to move horizontally back and forth through a crank-connecting rod structure.

8. A multi-station polishing and grinding machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The side processing head (3) includes: Second support (30); The third support (31) is movably mounted on the second support (30); The second mounting bracket (32) is mounted on the third bracket (31) in a liftable manner; The third bracket (31) is fixed with a third motor (34), which controls the second mounting bracket (32) to move back and forth through a crank-connecting rod structure, and a side processing device is installed on the second mounting bracket (32).

9. A multi-station polishing and grinding machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The side processing device includes: At least two second processing wheels (38) are rotatably mounted on the second mounting bracket (32); The fourth motor (39) is mounted on the second mounting bracket (32) and can control the rotation of any second processing wheel (38); The second sanding belt (38b) is connected to the second processing wheel (38) via a drive mechanism.

10. A multi-station polishing and grinding machine according to claim 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, or 9, characterized in that: It also includes a housing (10) for mounting the disc feeder (1), the top surface processing head (2) and the side processing head (3), the housing (10) having at least one feed port (11).

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