Spherical bearing structure suitable for bridges

Abstract

This utility model relates to a spherical bearing structure suitable for bridges, comprising, from top to bottom, a beam, a bearing unit, and a pier. The bearing unit, from top to bottom, includes an upper bearing and a lower bearing. A spherical crown is provided between the bottom middle section of the upper bearing and the top middle section of the lower bearing. U-shaped anti-fall beams are connected to both ends of the bearing unit. Upper friction steel plates are embedded in the upper bearing, lower friction steel plates are embedded in the lower bearing, and side friction steel plates are embedded in the upper support column, then installed together through a connecting layer and secured on the outside with reinforcements. This utility model, through its embedded method, allows for pre-setting the installation position and shape of the friction steel plates on the bearing or support column, accurately controlling the installation precision of the friction steel plates, ensuring their surface flatness and levelness, and facilitating the normal operation of the bearing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of bridge bearings, and in particular to a spherical bearing structure suitable for bridges. Background Technology

[0002] Bridges generally consist of a superstructure, substructure, bearings, and ancillary structures. Bridge bearings are important components that connect and constrain the superstructure and substructure of a bridge, and are an indispensable part of the bridge's load-bearing capacity.

[0003] A search revealed Chinese Patent Publication No. CN220246662U, which discloses a bridge anti-falling beam structure. From top to bottom, it includes a beam body, support units, and piers. The support unit, from top to bottom, includes an upper support and a lower support. A spherical crown is provided between the bottom middle of the upper support and the top middle of the lower support. U-shaped steel structural members are provided at both ends of the support unit. The U-shaped steel structural members include connecting U-shaped plates and connecting straight plates located at the top and bottom ends of the connecting U-shaped plates. The connecting straight plates can be fixed to the beam body via the left and right ends of the upper support or to the pier via the left and right ends of the lower support. In the event of an earthquake, the connecting U-shaped plates between the two connecting straight plates of the U-shaped steel structural members provide a certain elastic buffer space, which can greatly reduce the probability of beam falling.

[0004] In existing bridge bearings, the stainless steel plates in the friction pairs are usually bolted together and then welded, which requires two different construction operations, increasing the construction process and time costs. Moreover, the stress distribution generated by bolting and welding is different, and stress concentration is prone to occur in the transition area between the two connection methods. After long-term use, this may cause cracks in the stainless steel plates or bearing plates, reducing the service life and safety of the bearings.

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings, the designer actively researched and innovated in order to create a spherical bearing structure suitable for bridges, making it more industrially valuable. Utility Model Content

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a spherical bearing structure suitable for bridges.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A spherical bearing structure suitable for bridges includes, from top to bottom, a beam, a bearing unit, and a pier. The bearing unit includes, from top to bottom, an upper bearing and a lower bearing. A spherical crown is provided between the bottom of the middle of the upper bearing and the top of the middle of the lower bearing. U-shaped anti-fall beams are connected to both ends of the bearing unit.

[0009] Upper support columns are provided at the bottom of the upper supports on both the left and right sides of the sphere, and lower support columns that are adapted to the upper support columns are provided on the lower supports directly below the upper support columns.

[0010] An upper friction steel plate is provided between the bottom of the middle section of the upper support and the top of the spherical crown, a lower friction steel plate is provided between the top of the middle section of the lower support and the bottom of the spherical crown, a side friction steel plate is provided on the inner side of the upper support column near the bottom, and a side wear-resistant plate adapted to the above-mentioned side friction steel plate is provided on the side of the lower support inside the side friction steel plate.

[0011] The upper friction steel plate is embedded in the upper support, the lower friction steel plate is embedded in the lower support, and the side friction steel plate is embedded in the upper support column. They are then installed together through the connecting layer and fastened on the outside by the reinforcement.

[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model, several interlocking protrusions are provided on the upper friction steel plate, the lower friction steel plate and the side friction steel plate, and several interlocking grooves that are adapted to the above-mentioned interlocking protrusions are provided on the upper support, the lower support and the upper support column.

[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model, the connecting layer is an adhesive layer, which is an epoxy resin adhesive, a polyurethane adhesive, or an acrylic adhesive.

[0014] As a further improvement of this utility model, the reinforcement includes a first reinforcement plate and a second reinforcement plate that present an L-shaped structure to each other. The first reinforcement plate is respectively installed on the upper support on the outer side of the upper friction steel plate, the lower support on the outer side of the lower friction steel plate, and the upper support column on the outer side of the side friction steel plate. The second reinforcement plate is in contact with the inner upper friction steel plate, lower friction steel plate, and side friction steel plate.

[0015] As a further improvement of this utility model, a reinforcing rib is provided between the first reinforcing plate and the second reinforcing plate.

[0016] As a further improvement of this utility model, the upper friction steel plate is a horizontal plane friction pair, the lower friction steel plate is a spherical friction pair, and the side friction steel plate is a vertical plane friction pair.

[0017] As a further improvement of this utility model, an upper support protrusion protruding downward is provided at the bottom of the upper support column, and a lower support groove that is adapted to the upper support protrusion and recessed downward is provided on the lower support column below the upper support protrusion.

[0018] As a further improvement of this utility model, both the upper support protrusion and the lower support groove are spherical structures.

[0019] By means of the above solution, this utility model has at least the following advantages:

[0020] This invention allows for the pre-setting of the installation position and shape of the friction steel plate on the support or support column through an embedded method. This enables accurate control of the installation precision of the friction steel plate, ensuring its surface flatness and levelness, which is beneficial to the normal operation of the support.

[0021] This invention improves the installation strength of the inner friction steel plate by using external reinforcement fasteners.

[0022] Since this invention does not require welding, it avoids the impact of high temperatures on the properties of stainless steel plates and support plates, thus better maintaining the original properties of the materials. Furthermore, it can distribute loads more evenly under stress, reduce stress concentration, and improve the overall mechanical properties of the support.

[0023] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this utility model. In order to better understand the technical means of this utility model and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the following are the preferred embodiments of this utility model and are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a spherical bearing structure applicable to bridges according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of another embodiment;

[0027] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A partially enlarged structural diagram of the mounting point between the upper and middle friction steel plates and the upper support;

[0028] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another embodiment.

[0029] The meanings of the labels in the figures are as follows.

[0030] 1. Beam body, 2. Upper support, 3. Upper friction steel plate, 4. Spherical crown, 5. Lower friction steel plate, 6. Anti-fall beam, 7. Pier, 8. Lower support, 9. Upper support column, 10. Lower support column, 11. Side friction steel plate, 12. Side wear-resistant plate, 13. Upper support protrusion, 14. Lower support groove, 15. Interlocking groove, 16. Interlocking protrusion, 17. Connecting layer, 18. Reinforcing component. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this utility model, but are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0032] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The first embodiment of this utility model:

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 This utility model discloses a spherical bearing structure suitable for bridges, which mainly includes a beam 1, an upper bearing 2, an upper friction steel plate 3, a spherical crown 4, a lower friction steel plate 5, an anti-fall beam 6, a pier 7, a lower bearing 8, an upper support column 9, a lower support column 10, a side friction steel plate 11, and a side wear-resistant plate 12. A bearing unit is installed between the beam 1 and the pier 7. The bearing unit, from top to bottom, includes an upper bearing 2 and a lower bearing 8. A spherical crown 4 is provided between the bottom of the middle of the upper bearing 2 and the top of the middle of the lower bearing 8. An upper friction steel plate 3 is provided between the bottom of the middle of the upper bearing 2 and the top of the spherical crown 4. A lower friction steel plate 5 is provided between the top of the middle of the lower bearing 8 and the bottom of the spherical crown 4. A side friction steel plate 11 is provided on the inner side of the upper support column 9 near its bottom. A side wear-resistant plate 12, adapted to the side friction steel plate 11, is provided on the side of the lower bearing 8 inside the side friction steel plate 11. Both ends of the support unit are connected to U-shaped anti-fall beams 6.

[0035] Among them, the upper friction steel plate 3 is a horizontal plane friction pair, the lower friction steel plate 5 is a spherical friction pair, and the side friction steel plate 11 is a vertical plane friction pair.

[0036] Upper support columns 9 are provided at the bottom of the upper support 2 on both sides of the spherical crown 4. Lower support columns 10, which are adapted to the upper support columns 9, are provided on the lower support 8 directly below the upper support columns 9. The lower support columns 10 are used to support the upper support columns 9 above.

[0037] like Figure 3 The installation structures of the upper friction steel plate 3, the lower friction steel plate 5, and the side friction steel plate 11 are all the same. The following description uses only the upper friction steel plate 3 as an example:

[0038] A plurality of interlocking protrusions 16 are provided on the upper friction steel plate 3. An interlocking groove 15, adapted to the interlocking protrusions 16, is provided on the upper support 2 above the interlocking protrusions 16. During installation, the interlocking protrusions 16 on the upper friction steel plate 3 are embedded into the interlocking groove 15 of the upper support 2. A connecting layer 17 is provided at the connection between the upper friction steel plate 3 and the upper support 2. This connecting layer 17 is an adhesive layer composed of epoxy resin, polyurethane, or acrylic adhesive, allowing the upper friction steel plate 3 to be first embedded and then bonded to the upper support 2 through bonding.

[0039] The installation steps described above are briefly described as follows:

[0040] 1. Before installation, the support units need to be inspected and accepted to ensure that all supports have product qualification certificates. The strength of the pad concrete should meet the design requirements, and the elevation of the top surface of the support pad should be checked to ensure accuracy and consistency.

[0041] 2. First, remove the loose sand from the top surface of the bearing pad of pier 7 to ensure the pier surface is clean, flat, and free of oil. Mark the center line of the support position on the bearing pad according to the design drawings, and also mark the cross center line on the support. Place the support on the bearing pad, ensuring that the center line of the support coincides with the design center line on the pier, ensuring accurate positioning. Before pouring the concrete beam, a support steel plate slightly larger than the support plane needs to be added at the support position. Anchor steel bars are welded to the steel plate and connected to the beam. The support steel plate is considered as part of the bottom formwork of the cast-in-place beam.

[0042] 3. Use epoxy resin adhesive for bonding, apply it to the upper and lower surfaces of the support; lower the beam again, so that the upper and lower surfaces of the support are parallel to each other and fully adhere to the bottom of the beam and the top surface of the pier, and at the same time, make the supports at the ends of the beam in the same plane; when the stainless steel plate (i.e. the upper friction steel plate 3) and the upper pad are joined by a tenon and groove, the groove direction of the upper pad should be perpendicular to the sliding direction to ensure a secure fixation.

[0043] 4. Use jacks to lift the beam end and adjust the support position to ensure that the support does not produce significant initial shear deformation; after installation, check the shear deformation, voids, and eccentric pressure of the support to ensure that the support is working properly.

[0044] Compared to bolting followed by welding, the embedding and bonding process is relatively simple, eliminating the need for complex bolting and welding operations, thus reducing construction steps and time and improving efficiency. Because welding is unnecessary, the effects of high temperatures on the friction steel plate and bearing plate are avoided, better preserving the original properties of the materials, such as the corrosion resistance of the friction steel plate and the mechanical strength of the bearing plate.

[0045] The second embodiment of this utility model:

[0046] like Figure 2 Based on the first embodiment described above, an upper support protrusion 13 with a spherical structure that protrudes downwards is provided at the bottom of the upper support column 9, and a lower support groove 14 with a spherical structure that is recessed downwards and matches the upper support protrusion 13 is provided on the lower support column 10 below the upper support protrusion 13. The upper support protrusion 13 and the lower support groove 14 can better realize the sliding connection between the upper support column 9 and the lower support column 10.

[0047] The third embodiment of this utility model:

[0048] like Figure 4 Based on the first embodiment described above, after the upper friction steel plate 3 is embedded in the upper support 2, it is installed together through the connecting layer 17 and fastened on the outside by the reinforcement 18.

[0049] The reinforcement 18 consists of a first reinforcement plate and a second reinforcement plate that present an L-shaped structure to each other. The first reinforcement plate is installed on the upper support 2 on the outside of the upper friction steel plate 3 by bolts or the like. Then the second reinforcement plate is located on the outside of the upper friction steel plate 3 and is in close contact with the inner side of the upper friction steel plate 3.

[0050] In addition, to improve the structural strength of the reinforcement 18, a reinforcing rib is provided between the first and second reinforcing plates, so that the three form a stable triangular structure.

[0051] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0052] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A spherical bearing structure suitable for bridges, comprising, from top to bottom, a beam (1), a bearing unit and a pier (7), wherein the bearing unit comprises, from top to bottom, an upper bearing (2) and a lower bearing (8), wherein a spherical crown (4) is provided between the bottom of the middle end of the upper bearing (2) and the top of the middle end of the lower bearing (8), and both the left and right ends of the bearing unit are connected to anti-fall beams (6) of U-shaped structure; Its features are: Upper support columns (9) are provided at the bottom of the upper support (2) on both sides of the spherical crown (4), and a lower support column (10) adapted to the upper support column (9) is provided on the lower support (8) directly below the upper support column (9). An upper friction steel plate (3) is provided between the bottom of the middle end of the upper support (2) and the top of the spherical crown (4), a lower friction steel plate (5) is provided between the top of the middle end of the lower support (8) and the bottom of the spherical crown (4), a side friction steel plate (11) is provided on the inner side of the upper support column (9) near the bottom, and a side wear-resistant plate (12) adapted to the side friction steel plate (11) is provided on the side of the lower support (8) inside the side friction steel plate (11). The upper friction steel plate (3) is embedded in the upper support (2), the lower friction steel plate (5) is embedded in the lower support (8), and the side friction steel plate (11) is embedded in the upper support column (9). They are then installed together through the connecting layer (17) and fastened on the outside by the reinforcement (18).

2. A spherical bearing structure suitable for bridges as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Several interlocking protrusions (16) are provided on the upper friction steel plate (3), the lower friction steel plate (5) and the side friction steel plate (11). Several interlocking grooves (15) that are adapted to the interlocking protrusions (16) are provided on the upper support (2), the lower support (8) and the upper support column (9).

3. A spherical bearing structure suitable for bridges as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting layer (17) is an adhesive layer, which is an epoxy resin adhesive, a polyurethane adhesive, or an acrylic adhesive.

4. A spherical bearing structure suitable for bridges as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforcement component (18) includes a first reinforcement plate and a second reinforcement plate that present an L-shaped structure to each other. The first reinforcement plate is installed on the upper support (2) on the outer side of the upper friction steel plate (3), the lower support (8) on the outer side of the lower friction steel plate (5), and the upper support column (9) on the outer side of the side friction steel plate (11). The second reinforcement plate is in contact with the inner upper friction steel plate (3), lower friction steel plate (5), and side friction steel plate (11).

5. A spherical bearing structure suitable for bridges as described in claim 4, characterized in that, A reinforcing rib is provided between the first reinforcing plate and the second reinforcing plate.

6. A spherical bearing structure suitable for bridges as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper friction steel plate (3) is a horizontal plane friction pair, the lower friction steel plate (5) is a spherical friction pair, and the side friction steel plate (11) is a vertical plane friction pair.

7. A spherical bearing structure suitable for bridges as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An upper support protrusion (13) protruding downward is provided at the bottom of the upper support column (9), and a lower support groove (14) that is adapted to the upper support protrusion (13) and recessed downward is provided on the lower support column (10) below the upper support protrusion (13).

8. A spherical bearing structure suitable for bridges as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Both the upper support protrusion (13) and the lower support groove (14) are spherical structures.

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