Load control circuits, relay control circuits and electrical equipment

Abstract

This application provides a load control circuit, a relay control circuit, and an electrical device, including: a controller with a first drive port and a second drive port; a first switching unit connected to the first drive port, the first drive port being used to drive the first switching unit to turn on or off; and a second switching unit connected to the second drive port, the second drive port being used to drive the second switching unit to turn on or off, the second switching unit being connected in series with the first switching unit; when both the first and second switching units are on, the load control circuit outputs a load control signal; when at least one of the first and second switching units is off, the load control circuit stops outputting the load control signal. The load control circuit provided in this application, through the joint control of the load by the first and second switching units, can improve the stability of the control circuit, thereby improving the safety of the electrical device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of control circuit technology, and in particular to a load control circuit, a relay control circuit, and electrical equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, microcontrollers are widely used in automatic control. For example, they can be used to control electric heating appliances such as kettles and rice cookers, as well as electric appliances such as electric vehicles and smart door locks.

[0003] In practical applications, microcontrollers are prone to short-circuit faults when exposed to factors such as static electricity and fast transient bursts (FTBRs). For example, this can cause a short circuit between the microcontroller's drive port and the power port. Once this happens, the load can be uncontrolled and directly output, potentially leading to safety accidents. For instance, uncontrolled direct output from heating appliances can easily cause fires, and uncontrolled direct output from electric appliances can cause mechanical stress injuries. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a load control circuit, a relay control circuit, and an electrical device, which can improve the stability of the control circuit and thus improve the safety of the electrical device.

[0005] This application provides a load control circuit, including:

[0006] The controller includes a first drive port and a second drive port;

[0007] A first switching unit is connected to the first driving port, and the first driving port is used to drive the first switching unit to turn on or off.

[0008] The second switching unit is connected to the second driving port. The second driving port is used to drive the second switching unit to turn on or off. The second switching unit is connected in series with the first switching unit.

[0009] When both the first switching unit and the second switching unit are turned on, the load control circuit outputs a load control signal; when at least one of the first switching unit and the second switching unit is turned off, the load control circuit stops outputting the load control signal.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first switching unit includes a first transistor, and the base of the first transistor is connected to the first driving port;

[0011] The second switching unit includes a second transistor, the base of which is connected to the second drive port;

[0012] The emitter of the second transistor is grounded, and the collector of the second transistor is connected to the emitter of the first transistor. The collector of the first transistor is used to output the load control signal.

[0013] In some embodiments, the load control circuit further includes:

[0014] A first current-limiting circuit is connected between the first drive port and the base of the first transistor;

[0015] The first discharge circuit has one end connected between the first current limiting circuit and the base of the first transistor, and the other end grounded. The first discharge circuit is used to discharge the charge on the base of the first transistor.

[0016] In some embodiments, the load control circuit further includes:

[0017] The second current limiting circuit is connected between the second drive port and the base of the second transistor;

[0018] The second discharge circuit has one end connected between the second current limiting circuit and the base of the second transistor, and the other end grounded. The second discharge circuit is used to discharge the charge at the base of the second transistor.

[0019] In some embodiments, the controller is a microcontroller.

[0020] This application also provides a relay control circuit, including:

[0021] The controller includes a first drive port and a second drive port;

[0022] A first switching unit is connected to the first driving port, and the first driving port is used to drive the first switching unit to turn on or off.

[0023] The second switching unit is connected to the second driving port, and the second driving port is used to drive the second switching unit to turn on or off.

[0024] A relay, wherein the relay, the first switching unit, and the second switching unit are connected in series;

[0025] The relay is turned on when both the first switch unit and the second switch unit are turned on; the relay is turned off when at least one of the first switch unit and the second switch unit is turned off.

[0026] In some embodiments, the first switching unit includes a first transistor, and the base of the first transistor is connected to the first driving port;

[0027] The second switching unit includes a second transistor, the base of which is connected to the second drive port;

[0028] The emitter of the second transistor is grounded, the collector of the second transistor is connected to the emitter of the first transistor, the collector of the first transistor is connected to one end of the relay, and the other end of the relay is connected to the power supply.

[0029] In some embodiments, the relay control circuit further includes:

[0030] A first current-limiting circuit is connected between the first drive port and the base of the first transistor;

[0031] The first discharge circuit has one end connected between the first current limiting circuit and the base of the first transistor, and the other end grounded. The first discharge circuit is used to discharge the charge on the base of the first transistor.

[0032] In some embodiments, the relay control circuit further includes:

[0033] The second current limiting circuit is connected between the second drive port and the base of the second transistor;

[0034] The second discharge circuit has one end connected between the second current limiting circuit and the base of the second transistor, and the other end grounded. The second discharge circuit is used to discharge the charge at the base of the second transistor.

[0035] This application also provides an electrical device, including:

[0036] A load and a load control circuit, wherein the load control circuit is any of the load control circuits described above, and the load control signal output by the load control circuit is used to control the load to start; or

[0037] A load and relay control circuit, wherein the relay control circuit is any of the relay control circuits described above, and the relay of the relay control circuit is connected to the load, and the relay is used to connect or disconnect the load.

[0038] The load control circuit provided in this application embodiment controls the load through a first switching unit and a second switching unit. The load will only output when the first driving port of the controller drives the first switching unit to open and the second driving port drives the second switching unit to open. Otherwise, the load will not output. Therefore, the stability of the control circuit can be improved, thereby improving the safety of electrical equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the load control circuit according to an embodiment of this application.

[0041] Figure 2 This is a first circuit structure example diagram of the load control circuit according to an embodiment of this application.

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the load control circuit according to an embodiment of this application.

[0043] Figure 4 This is an example diagram of a second circuit structure for the load control circuit according to an embodiment of this application.

[0044] Figure 5 This is an example diagram of the circuit structure of an electrical device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0046] This application provides a load control circuit for controlling the load of electrical equipment. It can be used to control the load output or stop the output, thereby improving the stability of the control circuit and thus improving the safety of the electrical equipment.

[0047] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a first structure of a load control circuit 100 according to an embodiment of this application. The load control circuit 100 includes a controller 10, a first switching unit 20, and a second switching unit 30.

[0048] The controller 10 includes a first drive port 11 and a second drive port 12. Both the first drive port 11 and the second drive port 12 are used to output drive signals. It should be noted that the first drive port 11 and the second drive port 12 output drive signals independently, and the drive signals output by the two ports do not affect each other. In one example, the drive signals output by the first drive port 11 and the second drive port 12 can be either high level or low level.

[0049] The first switching unit 20 is connected to the first drive port 11. The first drive port 11 is used to drive the first switching unit 20 to turn on or off. For example, when the first drive port 11 outputs a high level, it can drive the first switching unit 20 to turn on; when the first drive port 11 outputs a low level, it can drive the first switching unit 20 to turn off. In addition, the first switching unit 20 can be connected to the load of electrical equipment.

[0050] The second switching unit 30 is connected to the second driving port 12. The second driving port 12 is used to drive the second switching unit 30 to turn on or off. For example, when the second driving port 12 outputs a high level, it can drive the second switching unit 30 to turn on; when the second driving port 12 outputs a low level, it can drive the second switching unit 30 to turn off. The second switching unit 30 is connected in series with the first switching unit 20.

[0051] In this embodiment, when both the first switch unit 20 and the second switch unit 30 are turned on, the load control circuit 100 outputs a load control signal; when at least one of the first switch unit 20 and the second switch unit 30 is turned off, the load control circuit 100 stops outputting the load control signal. The load control signal can be, for example, a current signal. When the load control circuit 100 outputs the load control signal, the load control signal is output to the load, which can control the load output, such as controlling the load of an electric heating appliance to heat, or controlling the load of an electric appliance to move, etc. When the load control circuit 100 stops outputting the load control signal, the load will not output anything; for example, the load of an electric heating appliance will not heat, and the load of an electric appliance will not move.

[0052] Understandably, since the second switching unit 30 is connected in series with the first switching unit 20, the load control circuit 100 will only output a load control signal when both the first switching unit 20 and the second switching unit 30 are turned on. Therefore, the embodiments of this application can achieve load control through the joint operation of the first switching unit 20 and the second switching unit 30. The load will only be output when the first drive port 11 of the controller 10 drives the first switching unit 20 to turn on, and the second drive port 12 drives the second switching unit 30 to turn on; otherwise, the load will not be output. Compared to controlling the load through only one port of the controller 10, controlling the load through both ports of the controller 10 can improve the stability of the control circuit, thereby improving the safety of the electrical equipment.

[0053] In practical applications, due to the influence of the working environment, a short circuit may occur between the drive port of controller 10 and the power port. In this embodiment, since both drive ports (first drive port 11 and second drive port 12) are required to simultaneously drive the first switch unit 20 and the second switch unit 30 to turn on for the load to output, even if one drive port of controller 10 is short-circuited to the power port, the other drive port can still normally drive the connected switch unit to turn on or off. Therefore, stable control of the load can still be achieved, avoiding the situation where the load is uncontrolled and outputs directly, thus improving the safety of electrical equipment.

[0054] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a first circuit structure example diagram of the load control circuit 100 according to an embodiment of this application.

[0055] The controller 10 includes ports 11-18. Port 11 can be a first drive port. Port 12 can be a second drive port. Port 13 can be a power supply port, such as a 5V power supply port. Port 14 can be a ground port. Ports 15 and 16 can be input / output ports (I / O ports). Ports 17 and 18 can be other functional ports, or they can be left floating. In some embodiments, the controller 10 can be a microcontroller unit (MCU), also known as a single-chip microcomputer or microcontroller.

[0056] The first switching unit 20 includes a first transistor Q1. The base of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the first drive port 11 of the controller 10. The second switching unit 30 includes a second transistor Q2. The base of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the second drive port 12 of the controller 10. The emitter of the second transistor Q2 is grounded, and the collector of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the emitter of the first transistor Q1. The collector of the first transistor Q1 is used to output a load control signal. For example, the collector of the first transistor Q1 can be connected to the load of an electrical device to output a load control signal to the load.

[0057] In some embodiments, the load control circuit 100 further includes a first current-limiting circuit and a first discharge circuit. The first current-limiting circuit is connected between the first drive port 11 of the controller 10 and the base of the first transistor Q1. The first current-limiting circuit limits the current input to the base of the first transistor Q1. One end of the first discharge circuit is connected between the first current-limiting circuit and the base of the first transistor Q1, and the other end is grounded. The first discharge circuit discharges the charge at the base of the first transistor Q1.

[0058] In one example, the first current-limiting circuit includes a resistor R1. The resistance value of resistor R1 can be, for example, 1kΩ. It will be understood that in some other embodiments, the first current-limiting circuit can also take other forms, such as a series and / or parallel connection of multiple resistors.

[0059] In one example, the first discharge circuit includes a resistor R2. The resistance value of resistor R2 can be, for example, 20kΩ. It will be understood that in some other embodiments, the first discharge circuit can also be in other forms, such as a series and / or parallel connection of multiple resistors.

[0060] In some embodiments, the load control circuit 100 further includes a second current-limiting circuit and a second discharge circuit. The second current-limiting circuit is connected between the second drive port 12 of the controller 10 and the base of the second transistor Q2. The second current-limiting circuit limits the current input to the base of the second transistor Q2. One end of the second discharge circuit is connected between the second current-limiting circuit and the base of the second transistor Q2, and the other end is grounded. The second discharge circuit discharges the charge at the base of the second transistor Q2.

[0061] In one example, the second current-limiting circuit includes a resistor R3. The resistance value of resistor R3 can be, for example, 1kΩ. It will be understood that in some other embodiments, the second current-limiting circuit can also take other forms, such as multiple resistors connected in series and / or in parallel.

[0062] In one example, the second discharge circuit includes a resistor R4. The resistance value of resistor R4 can be, for example, 20kΩ. It will be understood that in some other embodiments, the second discharge circuit can also take other forms, such as multiple resistors connected in series and / or in parallel.

[0063] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the load control circuit 100 according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 This is a second circuit structure example diagram of the load control circuit 100 according to an embodiment of this application.

[0064] The load control circuit 100 also includes a relay 40. The load control circuit 100 controls the relay 40 to open or close, and the relay 40 connects or disconnects the load of the electrical equipment. In this case, the load control circuit 100 can be understood as a relay control circuit. The differences between this embodiment and the embodiments described above will be explained below. The functions and structures of the controller 10, the first switching unit 20, and the second switching unit 30 can be referred to the descriptions in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0065] The relay 40, the first switching unit 20, and the second switching unit 30 are connected in series. The relay 40 can be connected to the load of the electrical equipment to connect or disconnect the load, thereby controlling the load output or non-output.

[0066] In some embodiments, the first switching unit 20 includes a first transistor Q1. The base of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the first drive port 11 of the controller 10. The second switching unit 30 includes a second transistor Q2. The base of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the second drive port 12 of the controller 10. The emitter of the second transistor Q2 is grounded, the collector of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the emitter of the first transistor Q1, and the collector of the first transistor Q1 is connected to one end of a relay 40, the other end of which is connected to a power supply.

[0067] In some embodiments, the load control circuit 100 further includes a first current limiting circuit, a first discharge circuit, a second current limiting circuit, and a second discharge circuit. The functions and structures of the first current limiting circuit, the first discharge circuit, the second current limiting circuit, and the second discharge circuit can be referred to the description in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0068] In this embodiment, relay 40 is activated when both the first switch unit 20 and the second switch unit 30 are open; relay 40 is deactivated when at least one of the first switch unit 20 and the second switch unit 30 is closed. When relay 40 is open, it connects the load, causing the load to output power, such as controlling the load of an electric heating appliance to heat, or controlling the load of an electric appliance to move, etc. When relay 40 is closed, it disconnects the load, and the load does not output power; for example, the load of an electric heating appliance does not heat, and the load of an electric appliance does not move.

[0069] Understandably, since the relay 40, the first switch unit 20, and the second switch unit 30 are connected in series, the relay 40 will only open and connect the load when both the first switch unit 20 and the second switch unit 30 are open. Therefore, this embodiment of the application can control the relay 40 through the joint control of the first switch unit 20 and the second switch unit 30, thereby jointly controlling the load. The relay 40 will only open and connect the load, and the load will output, when the first drive port 11 of the controller 10 drives the first switch unit 20 to open and the second drive port 12 drives the second switch unit 30 to open; otherwise, the load will not output. Compared to controlling the load through only one port of the controller 10, controlling the load through both ports of the controller 10 can improve the stability of the control circuit, thereby improving the safety of the electrical equipment.

[0070] In practical applications, due to the influence of the working environment, a short circuit may occur between the drive port of controller 10 and the power port. In this embodiment, since both drive ports (first drive port 11 and second drive port 12) are required to simultaneously drive the first switch unit 20 and the second switch unit 30 to open, the relay 40 will open, the load will be connected, and the load will output. Therefore, even if one drive port of controller 10 is short-circuited to the power port, the other drive port can still normally drive the connected switch unit to open or close. Thus, stable control of the load can still be achieved, avoiding the situation where the load is uncontrolled and outputs directly, thereby improving the safety of electrical equipment.

[0071] This application also provides an electrical device. In practical applications, the electrical device can be an electric heating appliance such as a kettle or rice cooker, or an electric appliance such as an electric vehicle or a smart door lock.

[0072] refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is an example circuit structure diagram of an electrical device according to an embodiment of this application. The electrical device includes the aforementioned load control circuit 100 and load 200. Load 200 is connected to the load control circuit 100. In practical applications, load 200 may be, for example, the heating element of an electric heating appliance, or the motor of an electric appliance, etc.

[0073] In some embodiments, the load control circuit 100 may be a relay control circuit, such as... Figure 5 As shown in the figure. Among them, the relay 40 of the relay control circuit is connected to the load 200, and the relay 40 is used to connect or disconnect the load 200.

[0074] In some embodiments, the load control circuit 100 may output a load control signal, which is used to control the load to turn on. When the load control circuit 100 does not output a load control signal, the load is turned off.

[0075] In the description of this application, it should be understood that terms such as “first” and “second” are used only to distinguish similar objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated.

[0076] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, "connection" can be understood as electrical connection. The connection between two electrical components can be a direct or indirect connection between the two electrical components. For example, the connection between A and B can be a direct connection between A and B, or an indirect connection between A and B through one or more other electrical components.

[0077] The load control circuit and electrical equipment provided in the embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application, and the descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A load control circuit, characterized in that, include: The controller includes a first drive port and a second drive port; A first switching unit is connected to the first driving port, and the first driving port is used to drive the first switching unit to turn on or off. The second switching unit is connected to the second driving port. The second driving port is used to drive the second switching unit to turn on or off. The second switching unit is connected in series with the first switching unit. When both the first switching unit and the second switching unit are turned on, the load control circuit outputs a load control signal; when at least one of the first switching unit and the second switching unit is turned off, the load control circuit stops outputting the load control signal.

2. The load control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first switching unit includes a first transistor, and the base of the first transistor is connected to the first drive port; The second switching unit includes a second transistor, the base of which is connected to the second drive port; The emitter of the second transistor is grounded, and the collector of the second transistor is connected to the emitter of the first transistor. The collector of the first transistor is used to output the load control signal.

3. The load control circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: A first current-limiting circuit is connected between the first drive port and the base of the first transistor; The first discharge circuit has one end connected between the first current limiting circuit and the base of the first transistor, and the other end grounded. The first discharge circuit is used to discharge the charge on the base of the first transistor.

4. The load control circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: The second current limiting circuit is connected between the second drive port and the base of the second transistor; The second discharge circuit has one end connected between the second current limiting circuit and the base of the second transistor, and the other end grounded. The second discharge circuit is used to discharge the charge at the base of the second transistor.

5. The load control circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The controller is a microcontroller.

6. A relay control circuit, characterized in that, include: The controller includes a first drive port and a second drive port; A first switching unit is connected to the first driving port, and the first driving port is used to drive the first switching unit to turn on or off. The second switching unit is connected to the second driving port, and the second driving port is used to drive the second switching unit to turn on or off. A relay, wherein the relay, the first switching unit, and the second switching unit are connected in series; The relay is turned on when both the first switch unit and the second switch unit are turned on; the relay is turned off when at least one of the first switch unit and the second switch unit is turned off.

7. The relay control circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first switching unit includes a first transistor, and the base of the first transistor is connected to the first drive port; The second switching unit includes a second transistor, the base of which is connected to the second drive port; The emitter of the second transistor is grounded, the collector of the second transistor is connected to the emitter of the first transistor, the collector of the first transistor is connected to one end of the relay, and the other end of the relay is connected to the power supply.

8. The relay control circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: A first current-limiting circuit is connected between the first drive port and the base of the first transistor; The first discharge circuit has one end connected between the first current limiting circuit and the base of the first transistor, and the other end grounded. The first discharge circuit is used to discharge the charge on the base of the first transistor.

9. The relay control circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: The second current limiting circuit is connected between the second drive port and the base of the second transistor; The second discharge circuit has one end connected between the second current limiting circuit and the base of the second transistor, and the other end grounded. The second discharge circuit is used to discharge the charge at the base of the second transistor.

10. An electrical device, characterized in that, include: A load and a load control circuit, wherein the load control circuit is the load control circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and the load control signal output by the load control circuit is used to control the load to start; or A load and relay control circuit, wherein the relay control circuit is the relay control circuit according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the relay of the relay control circuit is connected to the load, and the relay is used to connect or disconnect the load.

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