Hydrogen storage and supply device and system for suppressing temperature fluctuations

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of hydrogen storage and gas supply device, system of inhibiting temperature fluctuation, the device includes storage pipeline and the first storage tank and second storage tank of connecting storage pipeline, and power mechanism and temperature control mechanism.First storage tank pre-stores water, and with gas storage mode and gas supply mode.Under gas storage mode, first storage tank receives and stores hydrogen and shifts water to second storage tank.Under gas supply mode, the water of second storage tank is shifted to first storage tank by power mechanism to discharge hydrogen for gas supply.In the process of shifting water, part of water can enter any storage tank through temperature control pipeline and heat transfer with the gas phase of this storage tank.The gas storage and gas supply process of the system does not need to use expensive hydrogen compressor, safer, lower power consumption.And by setting temperature control mechanism can ensure that the internal temperature of second storage tank is maintained within reasonable range during charging or gas supply process.Thereby, because temperature fluctuation is within smaller range, the pressure fluctuation in second storage tank is also smaller, and the utilization rate of storage tank is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydrogen storage and supply technology, and in particular to a hydrogen storage and supply device and system for suppressing temperature fluctuations. Background Technology

[0002] For applications where hydrogen is used as a raw material (such as for the production of green liquid fuels and pipeline hydrogen), direct hydrogen storage is the most economical and efficient method. A hydrogen storage and transportation system must be built. When renewable power is sufficient, multiple electrolyzers are used to accelerate the production and storage of hydrogen. When the output of renewable power decreases or stops, the stored hydrogen is then transported out.

[0003] Existing hydrogen storage methods include compressed hydrogen storage, liquid hydrogen storage, organic liquid storage, and metal hydrogen storage, among others. The most common method is compressed hydrogen storage, where hydrogen produced by water electrolysis is compressed by a compressor (or directly introduced into the storage tank at a pressure of 1.6MPa-3.0MPa after water electrolysis without compression) before entering the storage tank. When hydrogen is needed, the hydrogen in the tank is released. Because the tank pressure changes during the hydrogen storage and release process, a compressor must be used to compress the hydrogen when the pressure in the tank is lower than the hydrogen usage pressure. To release as much hydrogen as possible from the tank, the compressor inlet pressure is reduced, resulting in high power consumption for the hydrogen compressor. Due to the disadvantages of hydrogen, such as difficulty in compression, small molecular weight leading to easy leakage, wide explosive range, poor safety, and hydrogen embrittlement, existing compressed hydrogen storage devices involve large investments, high energy consumption, and poor safety.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a hydrogen storage and supply system that is low in power consumption, low in cost, and high in safety. Utility Model Content

[0005] One objective of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a hydrogen storage and supply device that suppresses temperature fluctuations. To solve the aforementioned technical problems, this invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A hydrogen storage and supply device for suppressing temperature fluctuations, comprising:

[0007] Storage pipelines are used to connect to hydrogen production equipment to receive hydrogen gas;

[0008] A first storage tank and a second storage tank are connected by a storage pipeline, wherein the first storage tank contains pre-stored water;

[0009] The power unit is located between the first and second storage tanks;

[0010] A temperature control mechanism includes a temperature control pipeline, the inlet of which is connected to the bottom of the first storage tank and the second storage tank respectively, and the outlet of which is connected to the top of the first storage tank and the second storage tank respectively.

[0011] The first storage tank has a gas storage mode and a gas supply mode. In the gas storage mode, the first storage tank receives and stores hydrogen from the hydrogen production equipment and transfers water to the second storage tank.

[0012] In gas supply mode, the water in the second storage tank is transferred to the first storage tank by the power mechanism to discharge hydrogen for gas supply;

[0013] During the water transfer process, some of the water can enter any storage tank through the temperature-controlled pipeline and undergo gas-phase heat transfer with that tank.

[0014] In one embodiment, the temperature control mechanism includes a temperature control regulating valve disposed on a temperature control pipeline, which is used to control the flow rate of the temperature control pipeline according to the temperature in the first or second storage tank.

[0015] In one embodiment, the temperature control mechanism includes a heating device disposed on a temperature control pipeline for heating water entering the first or second storage tank.

[0016] In one embodiment, the heating device is a heat exchanger, and the heat of the heating device comes from the heat of the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment.

[0017] Alternatively, the heating device is a heater that can directly use renewable electricity for electric heating.

[0018] In one embodiment, a first inlet pipe is connected to the top of the first storage tank, and a second inlet pipe is connected to the top of the second storage tank. The first and second inlet pipes are connected in parallel and both are connected to the outlet of the temperature control pipeline.

[0019] The first inlet pipe is equipped with a first inlet valve, and the first inlet pipe is equipped with a second inlet valve.

[0020] In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage and supply device for suppressing temperature fluctuations includes a bypass pipeline connected between a first storage tank and a second storage tank and configured in parallel with the power mechanism. When the first storage tank receives and stores hydrogen from the hydrogen production equipment, the water in the first storage tank can enter the second storage tank through the bypass pipeline.

[0021] A bypass valve is installed on the bypass line to control the opening and closing of the bypass line.

[0022] In one embodiment, the power mechanism is a reversible water pump turbine. When the first storage tank receives and stores hydrogen from the hydrogen production equipment and transfers water to the second storage tank, the power mechanism can generate electricity using the water.

[0023] In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage and supply device for suppressing temperature fluctuations includes a gas-liquid separator disposed between a first storage tank and a second storage tank and connected in series with a power mechanism. The gas-liquid separator is used to separate water and gas in water transferred to the first storage tank.

[0024] In one embodiment, the top of the first storage tank is connected to a gas phase pipeline, which is connected to the storage pipeline, and a gas phase valve is provided on the gas phase pipeline.

[0025] In one embodiment, the bottom of the first storage tank is connected to a first liquid phase pipeline and a second liquid phase pipeline, the first liquid phase pipeline is equipped with a first liquid phase valve, and the second liquid phase pipeline is equipped with a second liquid phase valve;

[0026] The bottom of the second storage tank is connected to a third liquid phase pipeline and a fourth liquid phase pipeline. The third liquid phase pipeline is connected to the second liquid phase pipeline, and the fourth liquid phase pipeline is connected to the first liquid phase pipeline. A third liquid phase valve is installed on the third liquid phase pipeline, and a fourth liquid phase valve is installed on the fourth liquid phase pipeline.

[0027] Another objective of this invention is to provide a hydrogen storage and supply device for suppressing temperature fluctuations, comprising:

[0028] Storage pipelines are used to connect to hydrogen production equipment to receive hydrogen gas;

[0029] Multiple storage tanks, including at least one pair of first and second storage tanks, both of which are connected to storage pipelines, wherein water is pre-stored in the first storage tank;

[0030] The power unit is located between the first and second storage tanks;

[0031] A temperature control mechanism includes a temperature control pipeline, the inlet of which is connected to the bottom of the first storage tank and the second storage tank respectively, and the outlet of which is connected to the top of the first storage tank and the second storage tank respectively.

[0032] Each of the first storage tanks has a gas storage mode and a gas supply mode. In the gas storage mode, the first storage tank receives and stores hydrogen from the hydrogen production equipment and transfers water to the second storage tank.

[0033] In gas supply mode, the water in the second storage tank is transferred to the first storage tank by the power mechanism to discharge hydrogen for gas supply;

[0034] During the water transfer process, some of the water can enter any storage tank through the temperature-controlled pipeline and undergo gas-phase heat transfer with that tank.

[0035] Another objective of this utility model is to provide a hydrogen storage and supply system for suppressing temperature fluctuations, including a hydrogen production device and any of the above-mentioned devices, wherein the storage pipeline is connected to the outlet end of the hydrogen production device.

[0036] The outlet of the hydrogen production equipment is also connected to a hydrogen use pipeline. The hydrogen use pipeline is set up in parallel with the storage pipeline, and the hydrogen supplied by the first storage tank flows into the hydrogen use pipeline.

[0037] As can be seen from the above technical solution, this utility model has at least the following advantages and positive effects:

[0038] In this invention, the hydrogen storage and supply device for suppressing temperature fluctuations includes a storage pipeline and a first and second storage tank connected to it, as well as a power mechanism and a temperature control mechanism. The first storage tank contains pre-stored water, while the second storage tank is empty. The hydrogen production equipment delivers hydrogen to the first storage tank through the storage pipeline, allowing water from the first tank to flow into the second storage tank, thus filling the first tank with gas. The temperature control mechanism ensures temperature balance during the filling process, which in turn helps achieve pressure balance. Furthermore, the system uses a power mechanism with water as the driving medium to transfer water from the second storage tank to the first storage tank, enabling the supply of hydrogen from the first tank. Simultaneously, the temperature control mechanism maintains both temperature and pressure balance within the system.

[0039] Therefore, the hydrogen storage and supply device of this invention, which suppresses temperature fluctuations, eliminates the need for expensive hydrogen compressors during the storage and supply processes, resulting in better safety, lower power consumption, higher reliability, and significantly reduced costs. Furthermore, the first storage tank exhibits low residual hydrogen levels and minimal temperature and pressure fluctuations during each filling and discharging process, leading to higher tank utilization and reduced tank investment costs.

[0040] In this device, the first and second storage tanks are interconnected by pipelines, allowing water to flow between them. Because the water flows within a closed pipeline, it does not come into contact with air, effectively preventing corrosion of the inner walls of either the first or second storage tank and extending their service life.

[0041] In this device, a temperature control mechanism allows water to be introduced into the second storage tank, enabling heat transfer between the water and the gas phase inside. This effectively prevents excessive temperature rises and falls caused by pressure changes within the second storage tank, ensuring that the internal temperature of the second storage tank remains within a reasonable range during filling or supplying gas, thus guaranteeing system safety. Furthermore, the temperature control mechanism keeps temperature fluctuations within the second storage tank within a small range, resulting in smaller pressure fluctuations. This improves the utilization rate of the second storage tank and prevents temperature fluctuations that could threaten the safe operation of the main storage tank or reduce its hydrogen storage efficiency. Consequently, it helps improve the hydrogen storage and supply rates of the first storage tank and maintains system pressure balance. Moreover, the temperature control mechanism can introduce water into either the first or second storage tank as needed, preventing icing on the tank walls in low-temperature environments, thereby broadening the system's application range. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hydrogen storage and supply device and system for suppressing temperature fluctuations according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the process flow of the system under constant temperature inflation conditions without energy recovery.

[0044] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the process flow of the system under constant temperature inflation conditions with energy recovery.

[0045] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the process flow of the system under constant temperature gas supply conditions.

[0046] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the process flow of the system under liquid-free aeration conditions.

[0047] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0048] 10-Hydrogen production equipment; 11-Storage pipeline; 111-Hydrogen regulating valve; 12-Hydrogen consumption pipeline; 13-Check valve;

[0049] 10' - Hydrogen-using equipment;

[0050] 20-First storage tank; 21-First liquid inlet pipe; 211-First liquid inlet valve; 22-Gas phase pipeline; 221-Gas phase valve; 23-First liquid phase pipeline; 231-First liquid phase valve; 24-Second liquid phase pipeline; 241-Second liquid phase valve;

[0051] 30-Second storage tank; 31-Second inlet pipe; 311-Second inlet valve; 32-Third liquid phase pipeline; 321-Third liquid phase valve; 33-Fourth liquid phase pipeline; 331-Fourth liquid phase valve; 34-Second gas phase pipeline; 341-Second gas phase valve;

[0052] 40 - Power mechanism; 41 - Turbine outlet valve;

[0053] 50 - Temperature control mechanism; 51 - Temperature control pipeline; 52 - Temperature control regulating valve; 53 - Heating device;

[0054] 60 - Bypass line; 61 - Bypass valve;

[0055] 70 - Gas-liquid separator; 71 - Airbag; 72 - Inlet regulating valve;

[0056] 80-Control valve; 80'-Inlet regulating valve;

[0057] 90 - Water supply pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0058] Typical embodiments embodying the features and advantages of this utility model will be described in detail in the following description. It should be understood that this utility model can have various variations in different embodiments, all of which do not depart from the scope of this utility model, and the descriptions and illustrations therein are for illustrative purposes only and not intended to limit this utility model.

[0059] In the description of this application, it should be understood that, in the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, the indications of direction or positional relationships (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back) are merely for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. These descriptions are appropriate when these elements are in the positions shown in the accompanying drawings. If the description of the positions of these elements changes, these directional indications also change accordingly.

[0060] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0061] Please see Figure 1As shown, the hydrogen storage and supply system for suppressing temperature fluctuations according to an embodiment of this utility model includes a hydrogen production device 10 and a hydrogen storage and supply apparatus for suppressing temperature fluctuations (hereinafter referred to as the apparatus). The hydrogen production device 10 is used to produce hydrogen. For example, the hydrogen production device 10 can be an electrolysis hydrogen production device 10, which can utilize renewable electricity to produce hydrogen. The renewable electricity can be wind power or solar power, etc.

[0062] The number of hydrogen production devices 10 can be one or more. When there are multiple hydrogen production devices 10, they are connected in parallel.

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, the outlet end of the hydrogen production equipment 10 is connected to a hydrogen-using pipeline 12. The hydrogen production equipment 10 can be connected to a downstream hydrogen-using equipment 10' via the hydrogen-using pipeline 12 to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen-using equipment 10'.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, the device includes a storage line 11, which is connected to the outlet end of the hydrogen production equipment 10. The storage line 11 and the hydrogen consumption line 12 are connected in parallel. Therefore, the storage line 11 and the hydrogen consumption line 12 can simultaneously receive hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 10.

[0065] The storage pipeline 11 is mainly used to receive hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 10 and store the hydrogen in each of the first storage tanks 20. For example, when the amount of hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 10 exceeds the amount of hydrogen consumed by the downstream hydrogen-consuming equipment 10', the excess hydrogen can be transported to each of the first storage tanks 20 for storage via the storage pipeline 11.

[0066] When the amount of hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 10 is less than the amount of hydrogen required by the downstream hydrogen-consuming equipment 10', the insufficient hydrogen can be supplemented by the hydrogen in each of the first storage tanks 20. For example, the hydrogen supplied by each of the first storage tanks 20 can be channeled into the hydrogen-consuming pipeline 12, thereby supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen-consuming equipment 10'.

[0067] The following will describe in detail, with reference to the accompanying drawings, specific embodiments of the hydrogen storage and supply device for suppressing temperature fluctuations of this application.

[0068] See Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen storage and supply device for suppressing temperature fluctuations according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a storage pipeline 11 and a first storage tank 20 and a second storage tank 30 connected to the storage pipeline 11, as well as a power mechanism 40 and a temperature control mechanism 50. The storage pipeline 11 is connected between the hydrogen production equipment 10 and the hydrogen consumption equipment 10', and is arranged in parallel with the hydrogen consumption pipeline 12.

[0069] like Figure 1As shown, the device may include multiple storage tanks, including at least one pair of first storage tank 20 and second storage tank 30.

[0070] That is, the apparatus in some embodiments of the present invention may include a set of storage tanks, the set of storage tanks including a first storage tank 20 and a second storage tank 30 respectively connected to the storage pipeline 11.

[0071] Alternatively, in other embodiments, the device may also include two or more sets of storage tanks, each set of storage tanks including a first storage tank 20 and a second storage tank 30, and the first storage tank 20 and the second storage tank 30 of each set of storage tanks are respectively connected to the storage pipeline 11.

[0072] The first storage tank 20 and the second storage tank 30 can be spherical tanks. It is understood that in other embodiments, the first storage tank 20 and the second storage tank 30 can also be cylindrical tanks or other shapes of tanks, or high-pressure tubing bundles.

[0073] like Figure 1 As shown, in this invention, the first storage tank 20 pre-stores water. The corresponding second storage tank 30 can be empty. It should be noted that the phrase "the first storage tank 20 pre-stores water, and the corresponding second storage tank 30 can be empty" refers to the initial state of the first storage tank 20 and the corresponding second storage tank 30 when the device enters the hydrogen storage mode. For example, when the device enters the hydrogen storage mode, the first storage tank 20 stores water, and the corresponding second storage tank 30 is empty.

[0074] It is understood that in other embodiments, such as when the device is not delivered or not in operation, both the first storage tank 20 and the second storage tank 30 may be empty. Before the device begins operation, water can be filled into the first storage tank 20 via an external water supply device.

[0075] like Figure 1 As shown, the first storage tank 20 is a closed container. The first storage tank 20 can be connected to the storage pipeline 11 via a pipeline to receive and store hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 10, and can supply hydrogen to the downstream hydrogen-using equipment 10'.

[0076] For example, in one embodiment, a gas phase pipeline 22 is connected to the top of the first storage tank 20, and the gas phase pipeline 22 is connected to the storage pipeline 11. When the system has multiple sets of storage tanks, the gas phase pipelines 22 of the first storage tanks 20 in each set are connected in parallel and are all connected to the storage pipeline 11. Thus, the hydrogen production equipment 10 can be connected to the corresponding first storage tank 20 through the storage pipeline 11 and each gas phase pipeline 22. Each first storage tank 20 can also be connected to the downstream hydrogen consumption equipment 10' through the corresponding gas phase pipeline 22 and storage pipeline 11.

[0077] like Figure 1As shown, a gas phase valve 221 is installed on the gas phase pipeline 22. The gas phase valve 221 can be a bidirectional gas phase valve. When hydrogen needs to be added to the first storage tank 20, the gas phase valve 221 on the gas phase pipeline 22 is opened, allowing the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 10 to enter the first storage tank 20. When the first storage tank 20 supplies gas, the gas phase valve 221 on the gas phase pipeline 22 is opened, allowing the hydrogen in the first storage tank 20 to be supplied externally.

[0078] See Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the device includes a hydrogen regulating valve 111, which is disposed on the storage pipeline 11. The hydrogen regulating valve 111 is used to regulate the amount of hydrogen entering the first storage tank 20 according to the pipeline pressure of the storage pipeline 11 and the pressure of the first storage tank 20. Thus, by setting the hydrogen regulating valve 111, the system hydrogen pressure can be kept constant.

[0079] like Figure 1 As shown, a check valve 13 may be installed on the gas phase pipeline 22 leading to the hydrogen-using equipment 10', thereby preventing hydrogen backflow and ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the system.

[0080] like Figure 1 As shown, in this invention, the second storage tank 30 is a closed container. The second storage tank 30 can be connected to the first storage tank 20 through a pipeline, so that the second storage tank 30 can receive water from the first storage tank 20, or that the water in the second storage tank 30 can return to the first storage tank 20.

[0081] For example, when the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 10 exceeds the hydrogen consumption flow rate, the excess hydrogen can be transported to the first storage tank 20 via the storage pipeline 11 for storage, i.e., the system enters the gas filling stage. At this time, the first storage tank 20 is in gas storage mode, and the first storage tank 20 can receive and store the hydrogen from the hydrogen production equipment 10 and transfer water to the second storage tank 30.

[0082] See Figure 1 As shown, in this utility model, the power mechanism 40 is disposed between the first storage tank 20 and the second storage tank 30. The power mechanism 40 is mainly used to return the water in the second storage tank 30 to the first storage tank 20.

[0083] For example, when the amount of hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 10 is lower than the required amount, the insufficient hydrogen can be supplemented by hydrogen in the first storage tank 20, i.e., the system enters the gas supply stage. At this time, the first storage tank 20 is in gas supply mode, and the water in the second storage tank 30 can be transferred to the first storage tank 20 via the power mechanism 40 to discharge hydrogen for gas supply.

[0084] Therefore, in the hydrogen storage and supply device for suppressing temperature fluctuations of this utility model, the first storage tank 20 can switch back and forth between the state of water storage and gas storage, and the second storage tank 30 can correspondingly switch back and forth between the state of empty tank or water storage, thereby realizing the storage of hydrogen or the supply of hydrogen to the outside.

[0085] like Figure 1 As shown, the effective volume of the first storage tank 20 is equal to or approximately equal to the effective volume of the corresponding second storage tank 30. Therefore, when water from the first storage tank 20 enters the empty second storage tank 30, the water in the first storage tank 20 is almost completely emptied, allowing it to store an equal volume of hydrogen. Conversely, when water from the second storage tank 30 returns to the first storage tank 20, an equal volume of hydrogen can be almost completely discharged from the first storage tank 20. Thus, the system only needs to fill the first storage tank 20 with water to achieve sufficient inflation or deflation. Compared to other solutions using water storage tanks or similar equipment, this invention offers higher system operating efficiency, a smaller system footprint, and lower investment costs for the storage tanks.

[0086] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this utility model, the pressure of the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 10 can be 1.6 MPa or higher. Therefore, the network pressure of the storage pipeline 11 and the hydrogen consumption pipeline 12 can be 1.6 MPa or higher. The pressure resistance of the first storage tank 20 and the second storage tank 30 can be no less than 1.6 MPa. The working pressure of the power mechanism 40 can be no less than 1.6 MPa.

[0087] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, the power unit 40 is a reversible water pump turbine. When the first storage tank 20 receives and stores hydrogen from the hydrogen production device 10 and transfers water to the second storage tank 30, the power unit 40 can generate electricity using the water. In this embodiment, the power unit 40 is a reversible water pump turbine. The working principle of the reversible water pump turbine is that it can switch between turbine mode and pump mode. In turbine mode, the impeller of the reversible water pump turbine is driven by the water flow to rotate, and can convert water energy into mechanical energy to drive the generator to generate electricity. In pump mode, the impeller of the reversible water pump turbine is driven by external power to rotate, so as to drive the water flow to achieve the pumping function.

[0088] By using a reversible pump-turbine, during the system's charging process, water from the first storage tank 20 can enter the second storage tank 30 via the reversible pump-turbine. At this time, the reversible pump-turbine is in turbine mode and can generate electricity using water. When in turbine mode, the reversible pump-turbine's operating capacity is related to the hydrogen pressure output by the hydrogen production equipment 10. By controlling the operation of the reversible pump-turbine, such as controlling the opening of the turbine inlet guide vanes, the water flow rate into the second storage tank 30 can be adjusted, thereby controlling the amount of hydrogen charged into the first storage tank 20 and ensuring a constant hydrogen pressure.

[0089] During gas supply, the reversible pump-turbine operates as a pump, using external power to pump water from the second storage tank 30 to the first storage tank 20, thus supplying hydrogen from the first storage tank 20. When operating as a pump, the reversible pump-turbine's capacity is related to the hydrogen pressure output by the hydrogen production equipment 10. Its load can be adjusted by frequency conversion of the pump speed according to the hydrogen consumption of downstream hydrogen-consuming equipment 10', thereby controlling the water flow into the first storage tank 20 and consequently controlling the amount of hydrogen discharged from the first storage tank 20, ensuring a constant hydrogen pressure.

[0090] In this invention, the power mechanism 40 employs a reversible water pump turbine, which not only ensures reliable operation of the device but also effectively recovers energy during the aeration phase, improving the system's energy utilization rate. Furthermore, the electrical energy converted by the reversible water pump turbine can be supplied to the hydrogen production equipment 10, further reducing the system's energy consumption.

[0091] like Figure 1 As shown, the reversible pump-turbine has a turbine outlet valve 41 on the outlet side during turbine operation. When the turbine outlet valve 41 is opened, water from the first storage tank 20 can flow to the second storage tank 30 via the reversible pump-turbine, enabling the reversible pump-turbine to generate electricity using water. When the turbine outlet valve 41 is closed, water from the first storage tank 20 can flow to the second storage tank 30 via other pipelines.

[0092] It is understood that in other embodiments, the power unit 40 may also be a water pump. In this case, during the inflation phase of the system, water from the first storage tank 20 can enter the second storage tank 30 via other pipelines.

[0093] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in another embodiment, the device includes a bypass line 60 connected between the first storage tank 20 and the second storage tank 30, and configured in parallel with the power unit 40. When the first storage tank 20 receives and stores hydrogen from the hydrogen production equipment 10, water in the first storage tank 20 can enter the second storage tank 30 via the bypass line 60.

[0094] By setting up a bypass pipe 60, water in the first storage tank 20 can enter the second storage tank 30 through the bypass pipe 60 without passing through the pipeline where the power mechanism 40 is located, thereby broadening the system's operating modes and improving the system's operational reliability.

[0095] like Figure 1As shown, a bypass valve 61 can be installed on the bypass pipeline 60 to control the opening and closing of the bypass pipeline 60. When it is necessary to use the bypass pipeline 60 to allow water to enter the second storage tank 30, the bypass valve 61 can be opened. The bypass valve 61 can be a two-way valve.

[0096] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a gas-liquid separator 70 disposed between the first storage tank 20 and the second storage tank 30, and connected in series with the power mechanism 40. The gas-liquid separator 70 is used to separate water and gas in the water transferred to the first storage tank 20.

[0097] Specifically, the gas-liquid separator 70 has an inlet, a liquid outlet, and a gas outlet. The inlet of the gas-liquid separator 70 is connected to the bottom of the second storage tank 30 to receive water from the second storage tank 30. The liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 70 is connected to the bottom of the first storage tank 20 to allow water to enter the first storage tank 20. The gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 70 can be connected to the outside or to an external gas storage structure, such as an airbag.

[0098] Optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, the device includes an air bladder 71, which is connected to the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 70. By storing the small amount of hydrogen separated by the gas-liquid separator 70 through the air bladder 71, the pressure of the gas-liquid separator 70 can be kept constant, avoiding pressure fluctuations in the gas-liquid separator 70 due to possible fluctuations in liquid level. This ensures that the inlet pressure of the power mechanism 40, i.e., the water pump, remains constant, thus ensuring stable operation of the system.

[0099] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, the device includes an inlet regulating valve 72, which is located at the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 70. The inlet regulating valve 72 is used to control the water flow rate entering the gas-liquid separator 70 according to the liquid level in the gas-liquid separator 70. By controlling the water flow rate entering the gas-liquid separator 70 with the inlet regulating valve 72, it is beneficial to maintain a constant liquid level in the gas-liquid separator 70, thereby helping to maintain a constant pressure in the gas-liquid separator 70 and ensuring stable system operation.

[0100] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, the bottom of the first storage tank 20 is connected to a first liquid phase pipeline 23 and a second liquid phase pipeline 24. The first liquid phase pipeline 23 and the second liquid phase pipeline 24 can both be connected to the power mechanism 40 and the bypass pipeline 60.

[0101] The bottom of the second storage tank 30 is connected to a third liquid phase pipeline 32 and a fourth liquid phase pipeline 33. Both the third liquid phase pipeline 32 and the fourth liquid phase pipeline 33 can be connected to the power unit 40 and the bypass pipeline 60. The third liquid phase pipeline 32 can be connected to the second liquid phase pipeline 24 through the pipeline of the power unit 40 and the bypass pipeline 60, and the fourth liquid phase pipeline 33 can be connected to the first liquid phase pipeline 23 through the pipeline of the power unit 40 and the bypass pipeline 60.

[0102] In this embodiment, each liquid phase pipeline can be used for water inlet or outlet, so that the first storage tank 20 and the second storage tank 30 can be connected to each other, so that water in the first storage tank 20 can enter the second storage tank 30 through the power mechanism 40 or the bypass pipeline 60, or so that water in the second storage tank 20 can return to the first storage tank 20 under the action of the power mechanism 40.

[0103] like Figure 1 As shown, a first liquid phase valve 231 is provided on the first liquid phase pipeline 23, and a second liquid phase valve 241 is provided on the second liquid phase pipeline 24. The first liquid phase valve 231 and the second liquid phase valve 241 can be bidirectional valves, thereby reducing the number of valves required in the system and simplifying the system setup.

[0104] like Figure 1 As shown, a third liquid phase valve 321 is provided on the third liquid phase pipeline 32, and a fourth liquid phase valve 331 is provided on the fourth liquid phase pipeline 33. The third liquid phase valve 321 and the fourth liquid phase valve 331 can be bidirectional valves, thereby reducing the number of valves required in the system and simplifying the system setup.

[0105] Of course, in other embodiments, each liquid phase valve may also be a pair of parallel check valves to control the inlet and outlet of each liquid phase pipeline respectively, depending on the situation.

[0106] See Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the device includes a control valve 80, which is disposed on a pipeline connected to both the first liquid phase pipeline 23 and the third liquid phase pipeline 32. The control valve 80 is used to control the opening or closing of the first liquid phase pipeline 23 and the third liquid phase pipeline 32. The control valve 80 can be a bidirectional valve, thereby reducing the number of valves required in the system and simplifying the system setup.

[0107] When water needs to enter or exit through the first liquid phase pipeline 23 or the third liquid phase pipeline 32, the control valve 80 and the corresponding first liquid phase valve 231 or third liquid phase valve 321 can be opened simultaneously. Therefore, by setting the control valve 80, the operational reliability of the system can be improved.

[0108] See Figure 1In one embodiment, the device includes an inlet regulating valve 80', which is disposed on a pipeline that is connected to both the second liquid phase pipeline 24 and the fourth liquid phase pipeline 33. The inlet regulating valve 80' is used to control the water flow rate entering the first storage tank 20 or the second storage tank 30 according to the pipeline network pressure of the storage pipeline 11, i.e., the pressure of the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 10.

[0109] Specifically, during the charging phase, the inlet water regulating valve 80' can control the water flow rate entering the second storage tank 30 based on the hydrogen pressure, thereby controlling the amount of hydrogen charged into the first storage tank 20. During the supply phase, the inlet water regulating valve 80' can control the water flow rate entering the first storage tank 20 based on the hydrogen pressure, thereby controlling the amount of hydrogen discharged from the first storage tank 20. Thus, by setting the inlet water regulating valve 80', the amount of water entering the first storage tank 20 or the second storage tank 30 can be adjusted according to the hydrogen pressure to regulate the charging or discharging volume, thereby ensuring a constant hydrogen pressure in the system.

[0110] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, the device includes a water supply line 90 that can be connected to an external water source such as a water tank to replenish the system with water as needed.

[0111] See Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of the utility model, the temperature control mechanism 50 includes a temperature control pipeline 51, which can be connected to the bottom and top of the first storage tank 20 and the second storage tank 30, respectively. When water is transferred between the first storage tank 20 and the second storage tank 30, a portion of the water can enter either storage tank through the temperature control pipeline 51 and undergo heat transfer with the gas phase of that storage tank.

[0112] For example, the inlet of the temperature control line 51 is connected to the bottom of the first storage tank 20 and the second storage tank 30, respectively. For instance, the inlet of the temperature control line 51 is connected to both the first liquid phase line 23 and the second liquid phase line 24 at the bottom of the first storage tank 20. The inlet of the temperature control line 51 is also connected to both the third liquid phase line 32 and the fourth liquid phase line 33 at the bottom of the second storage tank 30.

[0113] like Figure 1 As shown, the outlet of the temperature control pipeline 51 is connected to the top of the first storage tank 20 and the second storage tank 30, respectively, so that water can enter the top of the first storage tank 20 and the second storage tank 30 through the temperature control pipeline 51 to achieve a spraying effect, allowing the water to fully transfer heat to the gas phase inside the tank. For example, the top of the first storage tank 20 is connected to a first inlet pipe 21, and the top of the second storage tank 30 is connected to a second inlet pipe 31. The first inlet pipe 21 and the second inlet pipe 31 are arranged in parallel and both are connected to the outlet of the temperature control pipeline 51. The first inlet pipe 21 is equipped with a first inlet valve 211, and the second inlet pipe 31 is equipped with a second inlet valve 311.

[0114] Thus, water can be supplied to the first storage tank 20 as needed through the first inlet pipe 21 and the first inlet valve 211, and water can be supplied to the second storage tank 30 as needed through the second inlet pipe 31 and the second inlet valve 311. The first inlet valve 211 and the second inlet valve 311 can be one-way valves, allowing only water to enter the first storage tank 20 and the second storage tank 30.

[0115] For example, during the filling process, the residual hydrogen in the second storage tank 30 is compressed and its temperature rises during the transfer of water from the first storage tank 20 to the second storage tank 30, which can adversely affect the equipment. By setting up a temperature control pipeline 51, the transferred water can be partially introduced into the second storage tank 30, allowing the water to fully contact the compressed residual hydrogen in the second storage tank 30, thereby effectively reducing the hydrogen temperature in the second storage tank 30 and ensuring that the hydrogen temperature is maintained within a reasonable range. For example, the temperature variation range of the hydrogen inside the tank can be kept within 50°C to 60°C.

[0116] During gas supply, the transfer of water from the second storage tank 30 to the first storage tank 20 causes the residual hydrogen in the second storage tank 30 to expand, resulting in a temperature drop that can adversely affect the equipment. By installing a temperature-controlled pipeline 51, some of the transferred water can be introduced into the second storage tank 30, allowing for sufficient contact between the water and the expanded residual hydrogen in the second storage tank 30. This effectively increases the hydrogen temperature in the second storage tank 30, ensuring that the hydrogen temperature is maintained within a reasonable range and guaranteeing reliable system operation.

[0117] It is understandable that by introducing water into the second storage tank 30 through the temperature-controlled pipeline 51 to achieve a spraying effect, the temperature fluctuation of the second storage tank 30 can be controlled within a smaller range, thereby also reducing pressure fluctuations within the second storage tank 30 and improving its utilization rate. The increased utilization rate of the second storage tank 30 will also improve the hydrogen storage or supply rate of the first storage tank 20, and the smaller pressure fluctuations within the second storage tank 30 are also beneficial for maintaining system pressure balance.

[0118] Therefore, by using the water circulating in the system pipeline through the temperature control pipeline 51 to spray the second storage tank 30, the temperature rise and fall caused by changes in the pressure inside the second storage tank 30 are effectively prevented from exceeding the limit, ensuring that the internal temperature of the second storage tank 30 is maintained within a reasonable range during the gas filling or gas supply process, thus ensuring system safety.

[0119] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the temperature control pipeline 51 can also introduce water into the first storage tank 20 as needed to achieve a spraying effect. Introducing water into the first storage tank 20 through the temperature control pipeline 51 can effectively prevent the tank wall from freezing due to the low temperature of the external environment when the first storage tank 20 is storing water.

[0120] It is understandable that in some usage scenarios, such as in low-temperature environments, the temperature control pipeline 51 can introduce water into the second storage tank 30 as needed, which can effectively prevent the inner wall of the tank from freezing due to the low temperature of the external environment when the second storage tank 30 stores water.

[0121] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the temperature control mechanism 50 includes a heating device 53, which is disposed on the temperature control pipeline 51 to heat the water entering the first storage tank 20 or the second storage tank 30. The heating device 53 can be an electric heater, which can directly use renewable electricity for heating. Alternatively, the heating device 53 can also be a heat exchanger or other structure, whose heat source can be waste heat provided by the downstream chemical process or the heat generated from the combustion of hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 10, among other forms. For example, the downstream chemical process can be a liquid fuel synthesis process, utilizing the heat generated from the synthesis of alcohol fuels from hydrogen and carbon.

[0122] By setting up a heating device 53, the water entering the first storage tank 20 or the second storage tank 30 can be heated, avoiding the situation where the inner wall of the water storage tank is prone to freezing in low-temperature environments, thereby expanding the application range of the system.

[0123] For example, if the project site is located in a northern region where winter temperatures are low, the inner surface of the water storage tank may freeze, affecting the hydrogen storage capacity. For instance, when the water temperature inside the tank is below 5°C, the heating device 53 needs to be turned on and hot water needs to be introduced into the tank through the temperature control pipeline 51 to raise the water temperature inside the tank and prevent freezing or melting.

[0124] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, the temperature control mechanism 50 includes a temperature control regulating valve 52, which is disposed on the temperature control pipeline 51. The temperature control regulating valve 52 is used to control the flow rate of the temperature control pipeline 51 according to the temperature in the first storage tank 20 or the second storage tank 30. The temperature in either storage tank can include both gas phase temperature and liquid phase temperature, and the technology for detecting the temperature in the storage tank is readily understood; for example, a temperature sensor can be designed inside the storage tank and electrically connected to an external control system. The external control system is used to monitor the operation of the entire system, and this application does not specifically limit its application.

[0125] Specifically, the temperature control valve 52 can adaptively adjust the flow rate according to the hydrogen temperature (i.e., gas phase temperature) in the second storage tank 30, thereby helping to ensure that the hydrogen temperature in the second storage tank 30 is maintained within a reasonable range.

[0126] In addition, the temperature control valve 52 can also adaptively adjust the flow rate according to the water temperature (i.e., liquid phase temperature) in the first storage tank 20 or the second storage tank 30, so that hot water can be promptly introduced into the first storage tank 20 or the second storage tank 30 to increase the water temperature in the tank and prevent freezing or melting.

[0127] See Figures 2 to 4 The hydrogen storage and supply device for suppressing temperature fluctuations according to this utility model embodiment can operate in three modes, as follows: In the accompanying drawings, blue lines with arrows represent hydrogen flow, and green lines with arrows represent water flow. Solid lines in the accompanying drawings represent system pipelines, and dashed lines represent system control circuits.

[0128] 1. Constant temperature inflation condition without energy recovery

[0129] like Figure 2 As shown, the system includes four storage tanks, with each pair of tanks forming a group. Each group includes a first storage tank 20 and a second storage tank 30. Taking one group of first storage tanks 20 and second storage tanks 30 as an example:

[0130] When the hydrogen production equipment 10 operates at full load (with a large number of electrolyzers running) or at a high load, the generated hydrogen exceeds the downstream hydrogen consumption flow, at which point the system enters the charging stage. The hydrogen production equipment 10 charges the first storage tank 20 with hydrogen through the storage pipeline 11 and the gas phase pipeline 22 at the top of the first storage tank 20. At this time, the opening degree of the hydrogen regulating valve 111 is linked to the hydrogen pressure to ensure a constant hydrogen pressure. The hydrogen regulating valve 111 is also interlocked with the pressure of the first storage tank 20. When the pressure of the first storage tank 20 approaches the hydrogen pressure (the difference between the two does not exceed 0.05 MPa), the hydrogen regulating valve 111 fully opens and disconnects from the hydrogen pressure connection.

[0131] Simultaneously, the system automatically opens the first liquid phase valve 231 at the bottom of the first storage tank 20, as well as the bypass valve 61 and the fourth liquid phase valve 331 at the bottom of the second storage tank 30. Water in the first storage tank 20 then flows out under hydrogen pressure through the first liquid phase pipeline 23 at the bottom, and after passing through the control valve 80, it splits into two paths. One path (the majority of the water) enters the second storage tank 30 through the bypass pipeline 60 and the fourth liquid phase pipeline 33 at the bottom of the second storage tank 30. The other path (a small portion of the water) enters the top of the second storage tank 30 through the temperature control pipeline 51 and the second inlet pipe 31 at the top of the second storage tank 30 for spraying.

[0132] When the liquid level in the first storage tank 20 gradually decreases to zero while the liquid level in the second storage tank 30 gradually increases from zero to a predetermined near-full level, the water in the first storage tank 20 is completely transferred to the second storage tank 30. At this point, the inflation of the first storage tank 20 ends, and the system can automatically stop inflation of the first storage tank 20 according to the changes in the liquid levels of the first storage tank 20 and the second storage tank 30.

[0133] It is understandable that during the filling process of the first storage tank 20, the water in the first storage tank 20 is transferred to the second storage tank 30, and the residual hydrogen in the second storage tank 30 is compressed, causing its temperature to rise, which may have an adverse effect on the equipment. The purpose of spraying water into the second storage tank 30 through the temperature control pipeline 51 is to ensure that the water comes into full contact with the compressed hydrogen, thereby reducing the hydrogen temperature and maintaining the hydrogen temperature in the second storage tank 30 within a reasonable range during the filling process.

[0134] The opening degree of the temperature control valve 52 is related to the temperature of the compressed hydrogen in the second storage tank 30. By controlling the amount of water entering the top of the second storage tank 30 for spraying, the temperature of the hydrogen in the second storage tank 30 can be kept within a reasonable range.

[0135] It is understandable that during the gas filling process of the first storage tank 20, the opening degree of the water inlet regulating valve 80' is related to the hydrogen pressure. The water inlet regulating valve 80' can control the water flow rate into the second storage tank 30, thereby controlling the gas filling amount of the first storage tank 20, thus ensuring that the hydrogen pressure is constant.

[0136] 2. Energy recovery and constant temperature inflation operation

[0137] like Figure 3 As shown, the system includes four storage tanks, with each pair of tanks forming a group. Each group includes a first storage tank 20 and a second storage tank 30. Taking one group of first storage tanks 20 and second storage tanks 30 as an example:

[0138] When the hydrogen production equipment 10 operates at full load (with a large number of electrolyzers running) or at a high load, the generated hydrogen exceeds the downstream hydrogen consumption flow, at which point the system enters the charging stage. The hydrogen production equipment 10 charges the first storage tank 20 with hydrogen through the storage pipeline 11 and the gas phase pipeline 22 at the top of the first storage tank 20. At this time, the opening degree of the hydrogen regulating valve 111 is linked to the hydrogen pressure to ensure a constant hydrogen pressure. The hydrogen regulating valve 111 is also interlocked with the pressure of the first storage tank 20. When the pressure of the first storage tank 20 approaches the hydrogen pressure (the difference between the two does not exceed 0.05 MPa), the hydrogen regulating valve 111 fully opens and disconnects from the hydrogen pressure connection.

[0139] Simultaneously, the system automatically starts the power mechanism 40, i.e., the reversible pump-turbine, and puts it into turbine operation mode. Water in the first storage tank 20, under hydrogen pressure, flows out through the bottom second liquid phase pipeline 24 and enters the reversible pump-turbine for power generation. The water, after being depressurized by the reversible pump-turbine, is divided into two streams. One stream (the majority of the water) enters the second storage tank 30 through the bottom third liquid phase pipeline 32. The other stream (a small portion of the water) enters the top of the second storage tank 30 through the temperature control pipeline 51 and the second inlet pipe 31 at the top of the second storage tank 30 for spraying.

[0140] When the liquid level in the first storage tank 20 gradually decreases to zero while the liquid level in the second storage tank 30 gradually increases from zero to a predetermined near-full level, the water in the first storage tank 20 is completely transferred to the second storage tank 30. At this point, the inflation of the first storage tank 20 ends, and the system can automatically stop inflation of the first storage tank 20 according to the changes in the liquid levels of the first storage tank 20 and the second storage tank 30.

[0141] It is understandable that during the filling process of the first storage tank 20, the water in the first storage tank 20 is transferred to the second storage tank 30, and the residual hydrogen in the second storage tank 30 is compressed, causing its temperature to rise, which may have an adverse effect on the equipment. The purpose of spraying water into the second storage tank 30 through the temperature control pipeline 51 is to ensure that the water comes into full contact with the compressed hydrogen, thereby reducing the hydrogen temperature and maintaining the hydrogen temperature in the second storage tank 30 within a reasonable range during the filling process.

[0142] The opening degree of the temperature control valve 52 is related to the temperature of the compressed hydrogen in the second storage tank 30. By controlling the amount of water entering the top of the second storage tank 30 for spraying, the temperature of the hydrogen in the second storage tank 30 can be kept within a reasonable range.

[0143] Furthermore, during the process of filling the first storage tank 20 with gas, the water inlet regulating valve 80' is fully open. At this time, the operation of the reversible water pump turbine can be controlled, for example, by adjusting the opening of the turbine's inlet guide vanes, to regulate the water flow into the second storage tank 30 and thus control the amount of gas filling the first storage tank 20, so as to ensure that the hydrogen pressure is constant.

[0144] 3. Constant temperature gas supply condition

[0145] like Figure 4 As shown, the system includes four storage tanks, with each pair of tanks forming a group. Each group includes a first storage tank 20 and a second storage tank 30. Taking one group of first storage tanks 20 and second storage tanks 30 as an example:

[0146] When the hydrogen production equipment 10 is under low load (reducing the number of electrolyzers in operation) or stops working, the amount of hydrogen produced is lower than the downstream hydrogen consumption flow rate, and the system will enter the gas supply stage.

[0147] The system automatically starts the power unit 40, such as a regular water pump or a reversible water pump turbine. The following description uses a reversible water pump turbine. The reversible water pump turbine enters pump operation mode and simultaneously closes the control valve 80. Water in the second storage tank 30 then enters the gas-liquid separator 70 via the bottom third liquid phase pipeline 32 for water-gas separation. The separated water enters the reversible water pump turbine, and after pressurization, it is divided into two paths. One path (the majority of the water) enters the first storage tank 20 through the inlet regulating valve 80' and the bottom second liquid phase pipeline 24 of the first storage tank 20, expelling hydrogen from the first storage tank 20 through the top gas phase pipeline 22 and flowing into the storage pipeline 11 to supply downstream hydrogen-using equipment 10'. The other path (a small portion of the water) returns to the top of the second storage tank 30 for spraying via the bypass pipeline 60, the temperature control pipeline 51, and the top second liquid inlet pipeline 31.

[0148] When the liquid level in the second storage tank 30 gradually decreases to zero while the liquid level in the first storage tank 20 gradually increases from zero to near full level, the water in the second storage tank 30 is completely transferred to the first storage tank 20, and all the hydrogen gas in the first storage tank 20 is discharged. At this point, the venting of the first storage tank 20 ends. Simultaneously, the system can automatically stop the venting of the first storage tank 20 based on the changes in the liquid levels of the first and second storage tanks 20.

[0149] It is understandable that during the gas supply process of the first storage tank 20, the transfer of water from the second storage tank 30 to the first storage tank 20, along with the expansion of residual hydrogen in the second storage tank 30 causing a temperature drop, can adversely affect the equipment. The purpose of spraying water into the second storage tank 30 through the temperature control pipeline 51 is to ensure that the water comes into full contact with the expanded hydrogen, thereby raising the hydrogen temperature and maintaining the hydrogen temperature in the second storage tank 30 within a reasonable range during the gas supply process.

[0150] Furthermore, the opening degree of the temperature control valve 52 is related to the temperature of the expanded hydrogen in the second storage tank 30. By controlling the amount of water entering the top of the second storage tank 30 for spraying, the temperature inside the second storage tank 30 can be kept within a reasonable range.

[0151] Furthermore, the opening degree of the water inlet regulating valve 80' is related to the hydrogen pressure. By controlling the water flow rate into the first storage tank 20, the gas supply of the first storage tank 20 can be controlled, thereby ensuring a constant hydrogen pressure.

[0152] It should be noted that, under gas supply conditions, in addition to adjusting the gas supply by controlling the inlet regulating valve 80', the load can also be adjusted by using frequency conversion speed regulation to adjust the speed of the reversible water pump turbine according to the downstream hydrogen consumption, so as to control the water flow into the first storage tank 20 and thus control the gas supply of the first storage tank 20.

[0153] It is understood that in other embodiments, the system can also perform the following liquid-free inflation conditions according to actual needs:

[0154] See Figure 5 The system includes four storage tanks, with each pair of tanks forming a group. Each group of tanks includes a first storage tank 20 and a second storage tank 30. When the hydrogen production equipment 10 is operating at full load (with a large number of electrolyzers running) or at a high load, the generated hydrogen exceeds the downstream hydrogen consumption flow rate, at which point the system will enter the charging stage.

[0155] When the hydrogen storage capacity is large and the hydrogen storage rate is fast, in order to reduce the hydrogen heat generation during hydrogen storage and the slow heat dissipation of the outer surface of the storage tank, the hydrogen temperature rise may exceed the allowable range. Depending on the specific circumstances, one or more second storage tanks 30 can be introduced to reduce the hydrogen temperature rise.

[0156] For example, see Figure 5 The hydrogen production equipment 10 can simultaneously introduce hydrogen into two second storage tanks 30. Specifically, each second storage tank 30 can be connected to a second gas phase pipeline 34 at its top, and each second gas phase pipeline 34 is connected to the storage pipeline 11. A second gas phase valve 341 can be installed on the second gas phase pipeline 34. This allows hydrogen to be directly introduced into each second storage tank 30 as needed.

[0157] Under this operating condition, both the hydrogen regulating valve 111 and the second gas phase valves 341 at the top of the two second storage tanks 30 are open, while all other valves in the system are closed. The opening degree of the hydrogen regulating valve 111 is related to the hydrogen pressure to ensure a constant hydrogen pressure. The hydrogen regulating valve 111 is also interlocked with the pressure of the two second storage tanks 30; when the pressure in the two second storage tanks 30 approaches the hydrogen pressure, the hydrogen regulating valve 111 closes, and the filling of the two second storage tanks 30 ends.

[0158] This invention relates to a hydrogen storage and supply device and system for suppressing temperature fluctuations. It utilizes the hydrogen pressure from a hydrogen production unit to fill a first storage tank, while water is used as the transfer medium. During the filling of the first tank, water can enter a second storage tank, thus achieving the filling of the first tank. A temperature control mechanism ensures temperature balance during the filling process, which in turn helps maintain system pressure balance. Furthermore, the system employs a power mechanism, using water as the driving medium, to transfer water from the second storage tank to the first tank, enabling the supply of hydrogen from the first tank. Simultaneously, the temperature control mechanism maintains system temperature and pressure balance. Therefore, this system eliminates the need for an expensive hydrogen compressor during storage and supply, resulting in improved safety, lower power consumption, higher reliability, and a significant cost reduction.

[0159] Furthermore, the first storage tank has a small amount of residual hydrogen and small temperature and pressure fluctuations during each filling and venting process, which makes the storage tank more efficient and saves on storage tank investment costs.

[0160] The hydrogen storage and supply device and system for suppressing temperature fluctuations according to the present invention can effectively recover the pressure energy of the hydrogen filling process by using an inverter water pump / turbine when the scale of hydrogen storage and transportation is large, thereby improving the system's energy utilization rate.

[0161] This utility model discloses a hydrogen storage and supply device and system for suppressing temperature fluctuations. A first storage tank and a second storage tank are interconnected via pipelines, allowing water to flow between them. Because the water flows within a closed pipeline, it does not come into contact with air, effectively preventing corrosion of the inner walls of either the first or second storage tank and extending their service life.

[0162] This utility model discloses a hydrogen storage and supply device and system for suppressing temperature fluctuations. By incorporating a temperature control mechanism, water can be introduced into the second storage tank, allowing heat transfer between the water and the gas phase within the tank. This effectively prevents excessive temperature rises or falls caused by pressure changes within the second storage tank during filling or venting, ensuring the internal temperature of the second storage tank remains within a reasonable range during filling or supplying gas. This guarantees system safety and prevents the hydrogen in the second storage tank from threatening its safe operation or reducing its hydrogen storage efficiency due to temperature fluctuations. Furthermore, by controlling temperature fluctuations within the second storage tank to a smaller range through the temperature control mechanism, pressure fluctuations within the second storage tank are also minimized, thereby improving the utilization rate of the second storage tank. This, in turn, helps to increase the hydrogen storage and supply rates of the first storage tank and ensures system pressure balance.

[0163] Furthermore, by installing a heating device, the water entering the first or second storage tank can be heated, preventing the inner wall of the water storage tank from freezing easily in low-temperature environments, thereby broadening the application range of the system.

[0164] The above embodiments are merely illustrative examples of structures. The structures in each embodiment are not fixed combinations. In the absence of structural conflicts, the structures in multiple embodiments can be arbitrarily combined and used.

[0165] Although the present invention has been described with reference to several typical embodiments, it should be understood that the terminology used is descriptive and exemplary, and not restrictive. Since the present invention can be embodied in many forms without departing from the spirit or essence of the invention, it should be understood that the above embodiments are not limited to any of the foregoing details, but should be interpreted broadly within the spirit and scope defined by the appended claims. Therefore, all variations and modifications falling within the scope of the claims or their equivalents should be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A hydrogen storage and supply device for suppressing temperature fluctuations, characterized in that, include: Storage pipelines are used to connect to hydrogen production equipment to receive hydrogen gas; A first storage tank and a second storage tank are connected to a storage pipeline, wherein the first storage tank contains pre-stored water; The power unit is located between the first storage tank and the second storage tank; A temperature control mechanism includes a temperature control pipeline, wherein the inlet of the temperature control pipeline is connected to the bottom of the first storage tank and the second storage tank respectively, and the outlet of the temperature control pipeline is connected to the top of the first storage tank and the second storage tank respectively; The first storage tank has a gas storage mode and a gas supply mode. In the gas storage mode, the first storage tank receives and stores hydrogen from the hydrogen production equipment and transfers water to the second storage tank. In gas supply mode, the water in the second storage tank is transferred by the power mechanism to the first storage tank to discharge hydrogen for gas supply; During the water transfer process, some of the water can enter any storage tank through the temperature control pipeline and undergo gas-phase heat transfer with that storage tank.

2. The hydrogen storage and supply device for suppressing temperature fluctuations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature control mechanism includes a temperature control regulating valve, which is disposed on the temperature control pipeline. The temperature control regulating valve is used to control the flow rate of the temperature control pipeline according to the temperature in the first storage tank or the second storage tank.

3. The hydrogen storage and supply device for suppressing temperature fluctuations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature control mechanism includes a heating device, which is installed on the temperature control pipeline to heat the water entering the first storage tank or the second storage tank.

4. The hydrogen storage and supply device for suppressing temperature fluctuations according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heating device is a heat exchanger, and the heat of the heating device comes from the heat of the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment. Alternatively, the heating device may be a heater capable of direct electric heating using renewable electricity.

5. The hydrogen storage and supply device for suppressing temperature fluctuations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the first storage tank is connected to a first inlet pipe, and the top of the second storage tank is connected to a second inlet pipe. The first inlet pipe and the second inlet pipe are connected in parallel and are both connected to the outlet of the temperature control pipeline. The first inlet pipe is equipped with a first inlet valve, and the second inlet pipe is equipped with a second inlet valve.

6. The hydrogen storage and supply device for suppressing temperature fluctuations according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Includes a bypass pipeline, which is connected between the first storage tank and the second storage tank and is arranged in parallel with the power mechanism. When the first storage tank receives and stores hydrogen from the hydrogen production equipment, the water in the first storage tank can enter the second storage tank through the bypass pipeline. A bypass valve is provided on the bypass pipeline, and the bypass valve is used to control the opening and closing of the bypass pipeline.

7. The hydrogen storage and supply device for suppressing temperature fluctuations according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The power mechanism is a reversible water pump turbine. When the first storage tank receives and stores hydrogen from the hydrogen production equipment and transfers water to the second storage tank, the power mechanism can generate electricity using water.

8. The hydrogen storage and supply device for suppressing temperature fluctuations according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The system includes a gas-liquid separator, which is disposed between the first storage tank and the second storage tank and connected in series with the power mechanism. The gas-liquid separator is used to separate water and gas in the water transferred to the first storage tank.

9. The hydrogen storage and supply device for suppressing temperature fluctuations according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The top of the first storage tank is connected to a gas phase pipeline, which is connected to the storage pipeline, and a gas phase valve is installed on the gas phase pipeline.

10. The hydrogen storage and supply device for suppressing temperature fluctuations according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The bottom of the first storage tank is connected to a first liquid phase pipeline and a second liquid phase pipeline, respectively. The first liquid phase pipeline is equipped with a first liquid phase valve, and the second liquid phase pipeline is equipped with a second liquid phase valve. The bottom of the second storage tank is connected to a third liquid phase pipeline and a fourth liquid phase pipeline. The third liquid phase pipeline is connected to the second liquid phase pipeline, and the fourth liquid phase pipeline is connected to the first liquid phase pipeline. A third liquid phase valve is provided on the third liquid phase pipeline, and a fourth liquid phase valve is provided on the fourth liquid phase pipeline.

11. A hydrogen storage and supply device for suppressing temperature fluctuations, characterized in that, include: Storage pipelines are used to connect to hydrogen production equipment to receive hydrogen gas; Multiple storage tanks, including at least one pair of first and second storage tanks, both the first and second storage tanks being connected to the storage pipeline, wherein the first storage tank contains pre-stored water; The power unit is located between the first storage tank and the second storage tank; A temperature control mechanism includes a temperature control pipeline, wherein the inlet of the temperature control pipeline is connected to the bottom of the first storage tank and the second storage tank respectively, and the outlet of the temperature control pipeline is connected to the top of the first storage tank and the second storage tank respectively; Each of the first storage tanks has a gas storage mode and a gas supply mode. In the gas storage mode, the first storage tank receives and stores hydrogen from the hydrogen production equipment and transfers water to the second storage tank. In gas supply mode, the water in the second storage tank is transferred by the power mechanism to the first storage tank to discharge hydrogen for gas supply; During the water transfer process, some of the water can enter any storage tank through the temperature control pipeline and undergo gas-phase heat transfer with that storage tank.

12. A hydrogen storage and supply system for suppressing temperature fluctuations, characterized in that, The device includes a hydrogen production equipment and the apparatus according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein the storage pipeline is connected to the outlet end of the hydrogen production equipment; The outlet of the hydrogen production equipment is also connected to a hydrogen use pipeline, which is arranged in parallel with the storage pipeline. The hydrogen supplied by the first storage tank flows into the hydrogen use pipeline.

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