System for preparing fuel oil by pyrolysis of organic solid waste with heat carrier

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of organic solid waste resource utilization technology, and in particular to a system for producing fuel oil from organic solid waste through heat carrier pyrolysis. The system includes a sealed feeding unit, a thin-layer gasification pyrolyzer, a granular heat carrier, a heat carrier lifting unit, and a heating unit. The thin-layer gasification pyrolyzer contains a heat storage plate and a feeding assembly. The heating unit heats the heat storage plate. The heat carrier lifting unit conveys multiple granular heat carriers into the heat storage plate of the thin-layer gasification pyrolyzer. The heat storage plate has a discharge channel. After the organic solid waste undergoes thin-layer gasification pyrolysis through direct contact heating with the heat storage plate and the heat carrier, it is discharged through the discharge channel by the feeding assembly. This utility model utilizes a dual direct contact heat exchange method between the heat storage plate and the heat carrier to pyrolyze the organic solid waste, greatly improving the heat transfer efficiency and pyrolysis efficiency, and effectively enhancing the yield and quality of the pyrolysis oil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of organic solid waste resource utilization technology, and in particular to a system for preparing fuel oil by pyrolysis of organic solid waste heat carrier. Background Technology

[0002] Organic solid waste refers to solid and semi-solid organic waste materials generated by humans in production, consumption, daily life, and other activities. The recycling and regeneration of organic solid waste is a low-carbon, clean, and sustainable circular utilization method, and also an effective path to further improve the resource utilization and recycling of organic solid waste. Organic solid waste is typically treated using pyrolysis, which involves heating organic solid waste under anaerobic or limited oxygen conditions, decomposing large organic molecules into smaller fuel molecules (pyrolysis liquid, pyrolysis gas, and carbon residue) through thermochemical reactions, thus converting it into useful fuels or chemical raw materials.

[0003] Currently, the pyrolysis of organic solid waste typically uses indirect heating with flue gas to provide the heat for pyrolysis. However, using flue gas to heat organic solid waste has drawbacks, such as low heat transfer efficiency, leading to incomplete pyrolysis or excessive energy consumption. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, one of the objectives of this utility model is to provide a system for preparing fuel oil by pyrolysis of organic solid waste heat carrier. It aims to solve the technical problem that the existing pyrolysis of organic solid waste usually adopts indirect heating with flue gas, which has low heat transfer efficiency and leads to insufficient pyrolysis of organic solid waste.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A system for producing fuel oil by pyrolysis of organic solid waste with a heat carrier includes a sealed feeding unit, a thin-layer gasification pyrolyzer, a granular heat carrier, a heat carrier lifting unit, and a heating unit. The thin-layer gasification pyrolyzer includes a vertical furnace body, multiple layers of heat storage plates, and a feeding assembly. The multiple heat storage plates are spaced apart along the axial direction of the furnace body. The furnace body has an inlet, an outlet, and a pyrolysis gas outlet. The outlet end of the sealed feeding unit is sealed to the inlet for conveying the organic solid waste to be treated into the top heat storage plate. Each layer of the heat storage plate has a discharge channel, which is staggered. The feeding assembly includes a power unit, a rotating shaft, and multiple feeding components. The rotating shaft is rotatably mounted inside the furnace body and extends along the axial direction of the furnace body. The power unit is located outside the furnace body and is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate. Multiple layers of material feeding components are spaced apart along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, with each layer of material feeding components positioned above the respective heat storage plate. Each layer of material feeding components is used to evenly spread the organic solid waste on each heat storage plate, forming a thin material layer, and to push the organic solid waste off each heat storage plate from each material discharge channel. The heat carrier lifting unit is used to transport multiple granular heat carriers into the topmost heat storage plate, where the granular heat carriers mix with the organic solid waste on the heat storage plate. The heating unit is connected to the furnace body and is used to heat the multiple heat storage plates. The pyrolysis gas and tailings generated after the organic solid waste pyrolysis are discharged from the pyrolysis gas outlet and the discharge port, respectively.

[0007] Furthermore, the heating unit and the material feeding channel are independently set and not connected; the heating unit includes multiple heating flue gas channels, each of which is located below the heat storage plate of each layer, and each heating flue gas channel is used to heat the heat storage plate of each layer.

[0008] Furthermore, the present invention also includes a catalytic unit, the feed end of which is connected to the pyrolysis gas outlet of the furnace body, and the catalytic unit is used to catalyze the pyrolysis gas.

[0009] Furthermore, this utility model also includes a condensation and purification unit. The feed end of the condensation and purification unit is connected to the discharge end of the catalytic unit. The condensation and purification unit is provided with an air outlet and a liquid outlet. The pyrolysis gas catalyzed by the catalytic unit enters the condensation and purification unit and undergoes dust removal, indirect water cooling, and alkaline washing and deacidification in sequence to form non-condensable pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis liquid. The non-condensable pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis liquid are discharged from the air outlet and the liquid outlet, respectively. The air outlet is connected to each pyrolysis gas pipeline, and an air pipeline is connected to the pyrolysis gas pipeline.

[0010] Furthermore, the present invention also includes an oil-water separation unit connected to the condensation and purification unit, the oil-water separation unit being used to separate wastewater and pyrolysis oil in the pyrolysis liquid.

[0011] Furthermore, the present invention also includes a tailings separation unit that is sealed and connected to the discharge port of the furnace body, the tailings separation unit being used to screen carbon slag and particulate heat carrier.

[0012] Furthermore, the heat carrier lifting unit is used to transport the particulate heat carrier screened out by the tailings separation unit onto the organic solid waste located on the topmost heat storage plate.

[0013] Furthermore, this utility model also includes a flue gas purification unit. The high-temperature flue gas generated after the non-condensable pyrolysis gas is mixed with air and burned out heats the heat storage plate and then enters the flue gas purification unit for purification.

[0014] Furthermore, the present invention also includes a purification and blending unit connected to the outlet of the oil-water separation unit. The purification and blending unit is used to sequentially oxidize and remove impurities, decolorize, filter, adjust pH, and blend the pyrolysis oil separated by the oil-water separation unit.

[0015] Furthermore, the present invention also includes a wastewater treatment unit connected to the oil-water separation unit, the wastewater treatment unit being used to treat the wastewater separated by the oil-water separation unit.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the significant advantages of this utility model are:

[0017] In operation, the organic solid waste heat carrier pyrolysis fuel oil preparation system of this invention heats each layer of heat storage plates via a heating unit. The topmost heat storage plate is defined as the first layer, the one closest to it as the second layer, and so on. Organic solid waste is sealed and fed into the first layer of heat storage plates via a sealed feeding unit. Simultaneously, a heat carrier lifting unit feeds granular heat carrier onto the organic solid waste located on the first layer. At this point, a power unit drives a rotating shaft, which in turn rotates the feeding components on each layer. The feeding components above the first layer evenly distribute the organic solid waste and granular heat carrier on the first layer, heating them to form a thin material layer, thus promoting rapid pyrolysis and gasification of the organic solid waste. Because the material discharge channels on each layer of the heat storage plate are staggered, when the organic solid waste and granular heat carrier on the first layer of the heat storage plate are pushed into the material discharge channel on the first layer of the heat storage plate by the material feeding device above the first layer of the heat storage plate, the organic solid waste and granular heat carrier fall into the second layer of the heat storage plate. At this time, under the pushing of the material feeding device above the second layer of the heat storage plate, the organic solid waste and granular heat carrier on the second layer of the heat storage plate are evenly distributed on the second layer of the heat storage plate and heated, so that the organic solid waste is further pyrolyzed and gasified. This cycle continues until the organic solid waste and granular heat carrier enter the bottom layer of the heat storage plate, so that the organic solid waste is finally pyrolyzed to form tailings. Finally, the tailings and granular heat carrier are discharged from the discharge port, while the pyrolysis gas generated after the pyrolysis of the organic solid waste is discharged from the pyrolysis gas outlet from bottom to top.

[0018] In summary, this utility model employs a dual direct contact heat exchange method using both heat storage plates and granular heat carriers to pyrolyze and gasify thin-layer organic solid waste, greatly improving the heat transfer efficiency and pyrolysis efficiency of the pyrolysis process. In addition, the thin-layer gasification pyrolyzer is equipped with multiple layers of heat storage plates and multiple layers of material feeding components, which allows the organic solid waste material to be evenly spread on the heat storage plates, greatly increasing the heat exchange area and making the heat exchange of organic solid waste more complete. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a thin-layer gasification pyrolysis device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the material feeding component and the material feeding chain in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This invention relates to a system for preparing fuel oil by pyrolysis of organic solid waste heat carrier.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of preparing fuel oil from organic solid waste according to this utility model.

[0023] Icon labels:

[0024] 1. Sealed feeding unit; 2. Thin-layer gasification pyrolysis unit; 20. Furnace body; 201. Feed inlet; 202. Pyrolysis gas outlet; 204. Discharge outlet; 205. Flue gas outlet; 21. Heat storage plate; 210. Material discharge channel; 211. Organic solid waste channel; 22. Power unit; 23. Rotating shaft; 24. Material feeding component; 240. Material feeding chain; 25. Pyrolysis gas pipeline; 250. Air pipeline; 251. Pyrolysis gas burner; 26. Isolation plate; 27. Tail residue separation unit; 28. Heated flue gas channel; 3. Catalytic unit; 4. Condensation and purification unit; 5. Oil-water separation unit; 6. Purification and blending unit; 7. Heat carrier lifting unit; 8. Flue gas purification unit; 9. Wastewater treatment unit. Detailed Implementation

[0025] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "top," and "bottom," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] In this invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features not being in direct contact but through another feature between them.

[0028] Please refer to Figures 1-4 This utility model provides a system for preparing fuel oil by pyrolysis of organic solid waste heat carrier, including a sealed feeding unit 1, a thin-layer gasification pyrolyzer 2, a catalytic unit 3, a condensation and purification unit 4, an oil-water separation unit 5, a purification and blending unit 6, a heat carrier lifting unit 7, a flue gas purification unit 8, a wastewater treatment unit 9, a heating unit, and a tailings separation unit 27. The sealed feeding unit 1, the thin-layer gasification pyrolyzer 2, the catalytic unit 3, the condensation and purification unit 4, the oil-water separation unit 5, and the purification and blending unit 6 are connected sequentially.

[0029] In one embodiment, the sealed feeding unit 1 includes a hopper, a belt conveyor, a belt scale, and a sealed screw conveyor. Organic solid waste is transported to the hopper, and the organic solid waste in the hopper passes sequentially through the belt conveyor and the belt scale, and finally enters the thin-layer gasification pyrolysis unit 2 via the sealed screw conveyor. Thus, the feed inlet 201 of the hopper and the discharge end of the sealed screw conveyor are the feed end and discharge end of the sealed feeding unit 1, respectively.

[0030] It should be noted that the hopper, belt conveyor, belt scale and sealed screw conveyor are all existing structures and will not be described in detail here.

[0031] In one embodiment, the thin-layer gasification pyrolysis unit 2 includes a vertical furnace body 20, multi-layer heat storage plates 21, and a feeding assembly. The multi-layer heat storage plates 21 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the furnace body 20 within the furnace body 20; the furnace body 20 is a vertical cylinder, and the space above each layer of heat storage plates 21 within the furnace body 20 serves as an organic solid waste channel 211. The top of the furnace body 20 has a feed inlet 201, a pyrolysis gas outlet 202, and a heat carrier inlet, and the top feed inlet 201 of the furnace body 20 also serves as the heat carrier inlet of the furnace body 20; the feed inlet 201, the pyrolysis gas outlet 202, and the heat carrier inlet are all connected to the top organic solid waste channel 211. In addition, a discharge port 204 is provided at the bottom of the furnace body 20. The discharge end of the sealed feeding unit 1 is sealed and connected to the feeding port 201 on the furnace body 20. The sealed feeding unit 1 is used to seal and transport the organic solid waste to be treated into the top organic solid waste channel 211, so that the organic solid waste enters the top heat storage plate 21, and the particulate heat carrier mixes with the organic solid waste on the heat storage plate 21. Each heat storage plate 21 is provided with a discharge channel 210, and the discharge channels 210 are staggered and communicate with each organic solid waste channel 211. Of course, the discharge channel 210 on the top heat storage plate 21 is staggered from the feeding end of the sealed feeding unit 1 to prevent the organic solid waste from falling directly from the discharge end of the sealed feeding unit 1 into the discharge channel 210 on the top heat storage plate 21.

[0032] In one embodiment, the material feeding assembly includes a power unit 22, a rotating shaft 23, and multiple layers of feeding components 24. The rotating shaft 23 is rotatably mounted inside the furnace body 20 via bearings, and extends axially along the furnace body 20. The power unit 22 is located outside the furnace body 20 and is a motor used to drive the rotating shaft 23 to rotate. The multiple layers of feeding components 24 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 23, with each layer of feeding components 24 located above the respective layer of heat storage plates 21. The feeding components 24 are used to evenly spread the organic solid waste on each layer of heat storage plates 21 onto the respective heat storage plates 21 and to push the organic solid waste off the respective material discharge channels 210.

[0033] In one embodiment, the feeding component 24 is a feeding rod, and the distance between the lowest point of the feeding chain on each feeding rod and the heat storage plate is set as D. D should satisfy the relationship: 0 < D < 1 cm. In addition, a feeding chain 240 is fixed on the feeding component 24. The feeding chain 240 can increase the friction between the feeding component 24 and the organic solid waste, thereby improving the feeding effect.

[0034] In one embodiment, the output end of the heat carrier lifting unit 7 is connected to the feed inlet 201 of the furnace body 20, so that the heat carrier lifting unit 7 can transport multiple granular heat carriers into the top organic solid waste channel 211, thereby allowing multiple granular heat carriers to enter the organic solid waste located on the top heat storage plate 21.

[0035] In this embodiment, the heat carrier lifting unit 7 is a bucket elevator, which will not be described in detail here.

[0036] In one embodiment, the heating unit is sealed and connected to the pyrolysis gas inlet on the furnace body 20. The heating unit is used to heat each layer of heat storage plates 21 to achieve thin-layer gasification pyrolysis of organic solid waste. Specifically, the heating unit is independently set and not connected to each material discharge channel 210; the heating unit includes multiple heating flue gas channels 28, each of which is located below each layer of heat storage plates 21 and is used to heat each layer of heat storage plates 21.

[0037] As can be understood from the above, the organic solid waste is ultimately pyrolyzed in the thin-layer gasification pyrolysis pyrolyzer 2 to form tailings. The tailings and particulate heat carrier are discharged from the discharge port 204 of the furnace body 20, while the pyrolysis gas generated after the organic solid waste is pyrolyzed is discharged from the pyrolysis gas outlet 202 of the furnace body 20 from bottom to top. In addition, inside the furnace body 20, the heat storage plate 21 and the particulate heat carrier are in direct contact with the organic solid waste, that is, a double direct contact heat exchange method is adopted to pyrolyze the organic solid waste, which greatly improves the heat transfer efficiency and pyrolysis efficiency of the pyrolysis process and avoids the defect of incomplete pyrolysis of organic solid waste.

[0038] In one embodiment, the feed inlet 201 of the tailings separation unit 27 is sealed and connected to the discharge outlet 204 of the furnace body 20. The tailings separation unit 27 is used to screen the carbon slag and particulate heat carrier discharged from the discharge outlet 204 of the furnace body 20. The carbon slag screened by the tailings separation unit 27 is cooled and collected; the screened particulate heat carrier enters the heat carrier lifting unit 7, so that the coarse particulate heat carrier re-enters the furnace body 20 and is placed on the organic solid waste on the top heat storage plate 21, forming a heat carrier heating cycle.

[0039] The tailings separation unit 27 in this embodiment uses an existing tailings separation structure, which will not be described in detail here.

[0040] In one embodiment, the feed end of the catalytic unit 3 is connected to the pyrolysis gas outlet 202 of the furnace body 20. The catalytic unit 3 is used to catalyze the pyrolysis gas discharged from the pyrolysis gas outlet 202 of the furnace body 20. Specifically, the catalytic unit 3 includes a catalyst bed. The pyrolysis gas generated from the pyrolysis of organic solid waste is catalytically modified through the catalyst bed. The modified pyrolysis gas enters the condensation and purification unit 4 and is successively purified by dust removal, indirect water cooling, and alkaline washing to obtain non-condensable pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis liquid.

[0041] In one embodiment, the feed end of the condensation purification unit 4 is connected to the discharge end of the catalytic unit 3. The condensation purification unit 4 is provided with an air outlet and a liquid outlet. The pyrolysis gas, after being catalyzed by the catalytic unit 3, enters the condensation purification unit 4 and undergoes dust removal, indirect water cooling, and alkaline washing to remove acid, forming non-condensable pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis liquid. The non-condensable pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis liquid are discharged from the air outlet and liquid outlet of the condensation purification unit 4, respectively. Furthermore, the air outlet of the condensation purification unit 4 is connected to each pyrolysis gas pipeline 25. An air pipeline 250 is connected to each pyrolysis gas pipeline 25. A pyrolysis gas burner 251 is installed at the air outlet of the pyrolysis gas pipeline 25, with the opening of the burner 251 facing the heat storage plate 21. Thus, the non-condensable pyrolysis gas entering the pyrolysis gas pipeline 25 mixes with the air entering from the air pipeline 250 and combusts to generate high-temperature flue gas, which heats each layer of heat storage plates 21, thereby providing heat for the pyrolysis of organic solid waste. The air entering the pyrolysis gas pipe 25 from the air pipe 250 is mixed and burned to generate high-temperature flue gas, which heats the heat storage plates 21 of each layer. The flue gas then enters the flue gas purification unit 8 from the flue gas outlet 205 through the heated flue gas channel 28.

[0042] In one embodiment, the flue gas purification unit 8 is sealed and connected to the flue gas outlet 205 on the furnace body 20. Since each heating flue gas channel 28 is independent and not connected to the organic solid waste channel 211 of each layer, the high-temperature flue gas generated after the non-condensable pyrolysis gas is mixed with air and burned, heats the heat storage plate 21, and then enters the flue gas purification unit 8 for purification through the flue gas outlet 205 on the furnace body 20. An isolation plate 26 is provided below each layer of heat storage plate 21. Each isolation plate 26 is fixed to the inner wall of the furnace body 20 and the outer wall of the material discharge channel 210 of each layer of heat storage plate 21, thus ensuring that the heating flue gas channel 28 and the organic solid waste channel 211 are independent and not connected.

[0043] The flue gas purification unit 8 in this embodiment uses an existing flue gas purification device, which will not be described in detail here.

[0044] In one embodiment, the condensation and purification unit 4 includes a cyclone dust collector, a heat exchanger, and a spray tower. The cyclone dust collector is mainly used for dust removal from the pyrolysis gas; the plate heat exchanger is mainly used for indirect water cooling of the pyrolysis gas; and the spray tower is used for alkaline washing and deacidification of the pyrolysis gas. The purpose of dust removal is to remove solid particulate matter from the pyrolysis gas, preventing subsequent processing equipment (such as heat exchangers and spray towers) from clogging or damage due to particulate matter deposition, while also reducing interference from particulate matter in subsequent purification processes (such as alkaline washing and deacidification) and improving purification efficiency. The principle of dust removal is to use a cyclone dust collector to separate particulate matter from the airflow using centrifugal force.

[0045] The purpose of indirect water cooling is to lower the temperature of the pyrolysis gas to reach the suitable temperature range required by subsequent purification processes such as alkaline washing and acid removal, while recovering some heat and achieving rational energy utilization. Furthermore, the cooling process can also cause some condensable gases to condense into liquid, initially separating them from the non-condensable pyrolysis gas.

[0046] The principle of indirect water cooling: Indirect heat exchange is used. Pyrolysis gas and cooling water exchange heat through the tube wall in the heat exchanger. The pyrolysis gas releases heat, and the cooling water absorbs the heat and its temperature rises.

[0047] The purpose of alkaline washing and deacidification is to remove acidic gas components such as hydrogen chloride (HCl) and H2S from the pyrolysis gas, prevent these acidic gases from corroding downstream equipment, and reduce environmental pollution so that the emitted gas meets environmental protection standards.

[0048] The principle of alkali elution to remove acid is based on the neutralization reaction between an alkaline solution (such as sodium hydroxide solution) and an acidic gas. For example, HCl reacts with NaOH to produce sodium chloride (NaCl) and water (H2O).

[0049] The alkaline washing process is usually carried out in a spray tower. The pyrolysis gas enters from the bottom of the tower and comes into full contact with the alkaline solution sprayed from the top of the tower, and the acidic gas is absorbed.

[0050] It should be noted that the cyclone dust collector, heat exchanger and spray tower in the condensation purification unit 4 are all existing structures and will not be described in detail here.

[0051] In one embodiment, the feed end of the oil-water separation unit 5 is connected to the discharge end of the condensation and purification unit 4, and the oil-water separation unit 5 is used to separate the wastewater and pyrolysis oil in the pyrolysis liquid.

[0052] It should be noted that the oil-water separation unit 5 uses an existing oil-water separator, which will not be described in detail here.

[0053] In one embodiment, the inlet 201 of the purification and blending unit 6 is sealed and connected to the outlet of the oil-water separation unit 5. The purification and blending unit 6 is used to sequentially oxidize and remove impurities, decolorize, filter, adjust pH and blend with reagents the pyrolysis oil separated by the oil-water separation unit 5 to finally obtain fuel oil.

[0054] In one embodiment, the purification and blending unit 6 includes a stirred reactor, a decolorizing device, a filtering device, a pH adjusting device, and a reagent blending device. These devices respectively perform oxidation to remove impurities, decolorization, filtration, pH adjustment, and reagent blending on the pyrolysis oil. The oxidation to remove impurities, decolorization, filtration, pH adjustment, and reagent blending of the pyrolysis oil are conventional processes for obtaining fuel oil from pyrolysis oil, and will not be described in detail here.

[0055] It should be noted that the stirred reactor, decolorization equipment, filtration equipment, pH adjustment equipment, and reagent mixing equipment all use existing equipment structures, which will not be described in detail here.

[0056] In one embodiment, the wastewater treatment unit 9 is connected to the wastewater outlet of the oil-water separation unit 5, and the wastewater treatment unit 9 is used to treat the wastewater separated by the oil-water separation unit 5.

[0057] It should be noted that the wastewater treatment unit 9 uses an existing wastewater treatment structure, which will not be described in detail here.

[0058] The working principle of this utility model:

[0059] In use, the organic solid waste heat carrier pyrolysis fuel oil preparation system of this utility model heats each layer of heat storage plates 21 through a heating unit. Here, the topmost heat storage plate 21 is defined as the first layer heat storage plate 21, the heat storage plate 21 closest to the first layer heat storage plate 21 is defined as the second layer heat storage plate 21, and so on. Organic solid waste is sealed and conveyed into the first layer heat storage plate 21 through the sealed feeding unit 1. At the same time, the heat carrier lifting unit 7 conveys the particulate heat carrier onto the organic solid waste located on the first layer heat storage plate 21. At this time, the power unit 22 drives... The rotating shaft 23 rotates, causing the material feeding components 24 of each layer to rotate. The material feeding components 24 above the first layer heat storage plate 21 spread the organic solid waste and granular heat carrier on the first layer heat storage plate 21 evenly on the first layer heat storage plate for heating, causing the organic solid waste to pyrolyze. Since the material discharge channels 210 on each layer heat storage plate 21 are staggered, when the organic solid waste and granular heat carrier on the first layer heat storage plate 21 are pushed into the material discharge channel 210 on the first layer heat storage plate by the material feeding components 24 above the first layer heat storage plate, the organic solid waste and granular heat carrier fall into the second layer heat storage plate 21. 1. At this time, under the action of the feeding component 24 above the second heat storage plate 21, the organic solid waste and granular heat carrier on the second heat storage plate 21 are evenly distributed and heated on the second heat storage plate, so that the organic solid waste is further pyrolyzed. This cycle continues until the organic solid waste and granular heat carrier enter the bottom heat storage plate 21, so that the organic solid waste is finally pyrolyzed to form tailings. Finally, the tailings and granular heat carrier are discharged from the discharge port 204 and enter the tailings separation unit 27 for screening. The screened carbon slag is cooled and collected, and the screened granular heat carrier enters the heat carrier lifting unit 7 for re-entry. The organic solid waste enters the top layer of the furnace body 20 and forms a heat carrier heating cycle in the organic solid waste channel 211. The pyrolysis gas generated after the organic solid waste is pyrolyzed is discharged from the pyrolysis gas outlet 202 from bottom to top and enters the condensation and purification unit 4. After passing through dust removal, indirect water cooling and alkaline washing to remove acid, it is purified to obtain non-condensable pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis liquid. The non-condensable pyrolysis gas enters the pyrolysis gas pipeline 25 and mixes with the air entering the pyrolysis gas pipeline 25 from the air pipeline 250. The mixture is burned to produce high-temperature flue gas to heat the heat storage plates 21 of each layer. The pyrolysis liquid enters the purification and blending unit 6 for purification and blending to obtain fuel oil.

[0060] In conclusion:

[0061] 1. This utility model adopts a dual direct contact heat exchange method of heat storage plate 21 and granular heat carrier to pyrolyze organic solid waste, which greatly improves the heat transfer efficiency and pyrolysis efficiency of the pyrolysis process.

[0062] 2. The thin-layer gasification pyrolysis unit 2 is equipped with multiple layers of heat storage plates 21 and multiple layers of material feeding components 24, which allows the organic solid waste material to be evenly spread on the heat storage plates 21, greatly increasing the heat exchange area and making the heat exchange of organic solid waste more complete.

[0063] 3. Organic solid waste is rapidly heated to the pyrolysis temperature under the coating of granular heat carrier. The generated pyrolysis gas is quickly extracted, and the granular heat carrier can be recycled after separation of the tailings. Compared with traditional indirect pyrolysis technology, this utility model's heat carrier pyrolysis technology significantly improves heat exchange efficiency through direct contact heat exchange with organic solid waste, thereby shortening the reaction time, reducing equipment size, and increasing pyrolysis efficiency. This achieves deep resource utilization of pyrolysis products and reduces energy consumption.

[0064] 4. Achieve the recovery of high-quality pyrolysis oil products, which can be used as fuel oil, realizing the conversion of waste into energy.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A system for producing fuel oil from organic solid waste by heat carrier pyrolysis, characterized in that, The system includes a sealed feeding unit, a thin-layer gasification pyrolysis unit, a granular heat carrier, a heat carrier lifting unit, and a heating unit. The thin-layer gasification pyrolysis unit comprises a vertical furnace body, multiple layers of heat storage plates, and a material feeding assembly. The multiple layers of heat storage plates are spaced apart along the axial direction of the furnace body. The furnace body has a feed inlet, a discharge outlet, and a pyrolysis gas outlet. The discharge end of the sealed feeding unit is sealed to the feed inlet to transport the organic solid waste to be treated into the top layer of the heat storage plates. Each layer of the heat storage plates has a discharge channel, which is staggered. The material feeding assembly includes a power unit, a rotating shaft, and multiple layers of material feeding components. The rotating shaft is rotatably mounted inside the furnace body and extends along the axial direction of the furnace body. The power unit is located within the furnace body. In addition, it is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate; multiple layers of material feeding components are spaced apart on the rotating shaft along the axial direction, with each layer of material feeding components located above the heat storage plate; each layer of material feeding components is used to evenly spread the organic solid waste on each heat storage plate to form a thin material layer, and to push the organic solid waste on each heat storage plate from each material dropping channel; the heat carrier lifting unit is used to transport multiple granular heat carriers into the top heat storage plate, and the granular heat carriers are mixed with the organic solid waste on the heat storage plate; the heating unit is connected to the furnace body and is used to heat the multiple heat storage plates; the pyrolysis gas and tailings generated after the pyrolysis of organic solid waste are discharged from the pyrolysis gas outlet and the discharge port, respectively.

2. The system for preparing fuel oil by pyrolysis of organic solid waste heat carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating unit is independently set up and not connected to the material feeding channel; the heating unit includes multiple heating flue gas channels, each of which is located below the heat storage plate of each layer, and each heating flue gas channel is used to heat the heat storage plate of each layer.

3. The system for preparing fuel oil by pyrolysis of organic solid waste heat carrier according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a catalytic unit, the feed end of which is connected to the pyrolysis gas outlet of the furnace body, and the catalytic unit is used to catalyze the pyrolysis gas.

4. The system for preparing fuel oil by pyrolysis of organic solid waste heat carrier according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a condensation and purification unit. The feed end of the condensation and purification unit is connected to the discharge end of the catalytic unit. The condensation and purification unit is provided with an air outlet and a liquid outlet. The pyrolysis gas catalyzed by the catalytic unit enters the condensation and purification unit for sequential dust removal, indirect water cooling, and alkaline washing and deacidification to form non-condensable pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis liquid. The non-condensable pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis liquid are discharged from the air outlet and the liquid outlet, respectively. The air outlet is connected to each pyrolysis gas pipeline, and an air pipeline is connected to the pyrolysis gas pipeline.

5. The system for preparing fuel oil by pyrolysis of organic solid waste heat carrier according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes an oil-water separation unit connected to the condensation and purification unit, which is used to separate wastewater and pyrolysis oil in the pyrolysis solution.

6. The system for preparing fuel oil by pyrolysis of organic solid waste heat carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a tailings separation unit that is sealed and connected to the discharge port of the furnace body, the tailings separation unit being used to screen carbon slag and particulate heat carrier.

7. The system for preparing fuel oil by pyrolysis of organic solid waste heat carrier according to claim 6, characterized in that, The heat carrier lifting unit is used to transport the particulate heat carrier screened out by the tailings separation unit into the organic solid waste located on the top heat storage plate.

8. The system for preparing fuel oil by pyrolysis of organic solid waste heat carrier according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a flue gas purification unit, where the high-temperature flue gas generated after the non-condensable pyrolysis gas is mixed with air and burned out heats the heat storage plate and then enters the flue gas purification unit for purification.

9. A system for preparing fuel oil by pyrolysis of organic solid waste heat carrier according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a purification and blending unit connected to the outlet of the oil-water separation unit. The purification and blending unit is used to sequentially oxidize and remove impurities, decolorize, filter, adjust pH and blend the pyrolysis oil separated by the oil-water separation unit.

10. A system for preparing fuel oil by pyrolysis of organic solid waste heat carrier according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a wastewater treatment unit connected to the oil-water separation unit, the wastewater treatment unit being used to treat the wastewater separated by the oil-water separation unit.

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