Drive axle and engineering vehicle

Abstract

The application relates to a drive axle and an engineering vehicle. The drive axle comprises a driving device, two transmission devices arranged on opposite sides of the driving device respectively, each of the transmission devices comprising a primary transmission assembly and a secondary transmission assembly, the primary transmission assembly comprising a driving helical gear and a driven helical gear meshing with the driving helical gear, the driving helical gear being in transmission connection with the driving device, and the secondary transmission assembly being in transmission connection with the driven helical gear, wherein the rotating directions of the driving helical gears of the two transmission devices are different. By setting the rotating directions of the driving helical gears of the two transmission devices arranged on opposite sides of the driving device as different, it is ensured that when the engineering vehicle moves forward, both the left and right reducers are in oil discharge, and when the engineering vehicle moves backward, both the left and right reducers are in oil suction, and since the backward speed is low, the transmission efficiency is slightly affected, so that the overall transmission efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and more particularly to a drive axle and an engineering vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With social development and progress, engineering vehicles have been used more and more widely, such as for excavation, loading, transportation, and hoisting.

[0003] In existing technology, engineering vehicles include a drive axle, which is located at the end of the transmission system and is used to change speed and torque and transmit them to the drive wheels. The drive axle includes a motor, left and right reducers, and left and right wheel assemblies. The power generated by the motor is transmitted to the wheel assemblies via the reducers. The motor drives the left reducer, which in turn drives the left wheel assemblies, and the motor drives the right reducer, which in turn drives the right wheel assemblies. Existing reducers typically use gear assemblies.

[0004] During use, it was found that the existing drive axle has high energy consumption and low transmission efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a drive axle and an engineering vehicle that improves transmission efficiency during the transmission process, thereby at least partially solving the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this application, a drive bridge is provided, the drive bridge comprising:

[0007] Drive unit;

[0008] Two transmission devices are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the drive device, each transmission device comprising:

[0009] A primary transmission assembly includes a driving helical gear and a driven helical gear meshing with the driving helical gear, wherein the driving helical gear is connected to the drive device in a transmission connection.

[0010] The two drive helical gears of the transmission device have different rotation directions, which refers to the inclination direction of the gear tooth surfaces of the two drive helical gears.

[0011] Optionally, the difference in helix angle between the two driving helical gears of the two transmission devices is less than or equal to 10 degrees.

[0012] Optionally, the two transmission devices are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the drive device, and the driving helical gears of the two transmission devices have the same helix angle.

[0013] Optionally, the drive axle further includes a secondary transmission assembly, which includes a wheel-side reducer and a wheel hub that is drivenly connected to the wheel-side reducer, wherein the wheel-side reducer of each transmission device is drivenly connected to the driven helical gear of the transmission device.

[0014] Optionally, the wheel-side reducer is specifically a planetary gear assembly, which includes a sun gear and planetary gears meshing with the sun gear. The sun gear is driven by the driven helical gear, and the planetary gears are driven by the wheel hub.

[0015] Optionally, the planetary gears of each planetary gear assembly of the transmission device rotate in the same direction as the driving helical gear, and the sun gear of each planetary gear assembly rotates in the same direction as the driven helical gear.

[0016] Optionally, the axis of the hubs of the two transmission devices is parallel to the axis of the drive device.

[0017] Optionally, the drive device includes a driver, a differential driven by the output shaft of the driver, and a through drive shaft driven by the differential, wherein the through drive shaft passes through the driver, the gear shaft of the driving helical gear of one of the two drive devices is driven by the differential, and the gear shaft of the driving helical gear of the other is driven by the through drive shaft.

[0018] Optionally, the gear shaft of the driving helical gear of the other of the two transmission devices is connected to the through transmission shaft via a spline sleeve.

[0019] Optionally, the drive unit includes a driver and a differential that is drivenly connected to the output shaft of the driver, wherein the gear shafts of the two driving helical gears of the drive unit are drivenly connected to the differential.

[0020] Optionally, the drive device includes two drivers, which are respectively connected to two transmission devices.

[0021] Optionally, the two drivers are fixedly connected.

[0022] Optionally, the drive axle further includes a housing assembly, and the primary transmission assembly is disposed within the housing assembly.

[0023] Optionally, the housing assembly has a first cavity, a second cavity, a bearing seat hole, an oil drain port, and an oil return port, wherein the bearing seat hole, the oil drain port, and the oil return port connect the first cavity and the second cavity;

[0024] The driving helical gear is disposed in the bearing seat hole through a bearing, with one end located in the first cavity and connected to the driving device for transmission, and the other end located in the second cavity and meshing with the driven helical gear.

[0025] According to a second aspect of this application, an engineering vehicle is provided, the engineering vehicle including the aforementioned drive axle; and wheels connected to the transmission device.

[0026] Optionally, the engineering vehicle is a forklift, loader, tractor, or transport vehicle.

[0027] The drive axle and engineering vehicle provided in this application embodiment, by setting the rotation direction of the active helical gears of the two transmission devices located on opposite sides of the drive device to be different, that is, setting the rotation direction of the active helical gears of the left and right transmission devices to be different, ensures that when the engineering vehicle moves forward, both the left and right reducers are discharging oil, so that the transmission efficiency can be maintained above 90% regardless of whether it is high speed or low speed. When the engineering vehicle moves backward, both the left and right reducers are drawing in oil. Since the backward speed is low, the impact on the transmission efficiency is minimal. Therefore, it can ensure that the overall transmission efficiency is improved by 15%-20%, thereby improving the transmission efficiency in the transmission process and solving the technical problems of high energy consumption and low transmission efficiency of the drive axle in the prior art.

[0028] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a drive bridge provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the drive axle in the diagram;

[0033] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drive axle in the diagram;

[0034] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the housing assembly of the drive axle in the diagram;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a drive bridge provided in the exemplary embodiment two of this application;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a drive bridge provided in the third exemplary embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the drive axle in the diagram;

[0038] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drive axle in the diagram.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0040] 100. Drive axle; 10. Drive unit;

[0041] 11. Driver; 111. Output shaft; 112. Fixture; 12. Differential; 13. Through drive shaft; 14. Spline sleeve;

[0042] 20. Transmission device; 21. Primary transmission assembly; 211. Driving helical gear; 2111. Gear shaft; 212. Driven helical gear;

[0043] 22. Secondary transmission assembly; 221. Wheel-side reducer; 2211. Sun gear; 2212. Planetary gears; 222. Wheel hub;

[0044] 30. Housing assembly; 31. First cavity; 32. Second cavity; 33. Bearing seat hole; 34. Oil drain port; 35. Oil return port; 36. Bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0046] Existing drive axles suffer from low transmission efficiency during the transmission process. Through repeated testing and data analysis of existing drive axles, the cause was finally identified.

[0047] Because the left and right reducers are located on opposite sides of the motor and are driven by the output shaft of the motor at the same time, the driving gears of the left and right reducers are coaxial and the rotation direction of the driving gears is the same. This causes one reducer to discharge oil and the other to suck in oil when the motor is driving in the forward direction (forward drive) or in the reverse direction (backward drive). The oil sucking reduces the energy consumption of the entire drive axle, resulting in the technical problem of low transmission efficiency.

[0048] Based on this, this application provides a drive axle 100, which can be applied to engineering vehicles such as forklifts, loaders, tractors, or transport vehicles.

[0049] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is an overall structural schematic of a drive axle provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application. The drive axle 100 includes a drive unit 10 and two transmission units 20. The two transmission units 20 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the drive unit 10. The drive unit 10 provides driving force to the two transmission units 20, driving the two transmission units 20 so that the engineering vehicle can move forward or backward.

[0050] For ease of distinction, the two transmission devices 20 can be referred to as the left transmission device and the right transmission device, respectively. Both transmission devices 20 contain the same components; the only difference lies in the specific structure of certain components. The two transmission devices 20 are described below.

[0051] Please also refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 Each transmission device 20 includes a primary transmission assembly 21 and a secondary transmission assembly 22. The primary transmission assembly 21 is used to connect the drive device 10 and the secondary transmission assembly 22, and is used to transmit the driving force provided by the drive device 10 to the secondary transmission assembly 22.

[0052] Specifically, the primary transmission assembly 21 includes a driving helical gear 211 and a driven helical gear 212 meshing with the driving helical gear 211. The driving helical gear 211 is connected to the drive unit 10. The secondary transmission assembly 22 is connected to the driven helical gear 212. The power of the drive unit 10 is transmitted from the driving helical gear 211 to the driven helical gear 212, and then to the secondary transmission assembly 22, thereby driving the engineering vehicle forward or backward.

[0053] The difference between the two transmission devices 20 lies in the different directions of rotation of the driving helical gears 211. Correspondingly, the different directions of rotation of the driven helical gears 212 of the two transmission devices 20 are also different. The direction of rotation refers to the inclination direction of the gear tooth surface of the driven helical gears 212 of the two transmission devices 20, which is mainly divided into left-hand and right-hand types. The tooth surface of the left-hand helical gear is inclined from left to right and downward, while the tooth surface of the right-hand helical gear is inclined from right to left and downward.

[0054] The two driving helical gears 211 have different directions of rotation, meaning one driving helical gear 211 is left-handed and the other is right-handed. For example, if the driving helical gear 211 of the left transmission device in the two transmission devices 20 is left-handed, then the driving helical gear 211 of the right transmission device is right-handed. Correspondingly, the driven helical gear 212 meshing with the driving helical gear 211 of the left transmission device is right-handed, and the driven helical gear 212 meshing with the driving helical gear 211 of the right transmission device is left-handed.

[0055] Conversely, if the direction of rotation of the driving helical gear 211 of the left transmission device is right-handed, then the direction of rotation of the driving helical gear 211 of the right transmission device is left-handed. Correspondingly, the direction of rotation of the driven helical gear 212 meshing with the driving helical gear 211 of the left transmission device is left-handed, and the direction of rotation of the driven helical gear 212 meshing with the driving helical gear 211 of the right transmission device is right-handed.

[0056] This application sets the rotation directions of the active helical gears 211 of the two transmission devices 20 located on opposite sides of the drive unit 10 to be different, that is, sets the rotation directions of the active helical gears 211 of the left and right transmission devices 20 to be different. This ensures that when the engineering vehicle is moving forward, both the left and right reducers are discharging oil, so that the transmission efficiency can be maintained above 90% regardless of whether it is high speed or low speed. When the engineering vehicle is reversing, both the left and right reducers are drawing in oil. Since the reversing speed is low, the impact on the transmission efficiency is minimal. Therefore, it can ensure that the overall transmission efficiency is improved by 15%-20%, thereby improving the transmission efficiency in the transmission process and solving the technical problems of high energy consumption and low transmission efficiency of the drive axle in the prior art.

[0057] In some embodiments, to better balance the forces borne by the two transmission devices 20, the difference in helix angle between the driving helical gears 211 of the two transmission devices 20 is controlled to be less than or equal to 10 degrees. For example, the driving helical gear 211 of the left transmission device is left-handed with a helix angle of 60 degrees, while the driving helical gear 211 of the right transmission device is right-handed with a helix angle of 55 degrees. The difference in helix angle between the two driving helical gears 211 is then 5 degrees. That is, the difference in helix angle between the two driving helical gears 211 is simply the difference between the helix angles of one driving helical gear 211 and the helix angle of the other driving helical gear 211, regardless of the direction of rotation of the driving helical gears 211. By controlling the difference in helix angle between the two driving helical gears 211 to be less than or equal to 10 degrees, the difference in forces borne by the two transmission devices 20 is greatly reduced, minimizing transmission problems caused by excessive force differences.

[0058] In some embodiments, two transmission devices 20 are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the drive device 10, and the helix angles of the driving helical gears 211 of the two transmission devices 20 are the same. That is, the rotation directions of the driving helical gears 211 of the two transmission devices 20 are set to be different and symmetrically arranged, and their helix angles are set to be the same, so that the forces borne by the two transmission devices 20 are basically the same, greatly reducing the transmission problems caused by excessive force difference and further improving the stability of transmission.

[0059] The following is a detailed description of the secondary transmission assembly 22:

[0060] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the secondary transmission assembly 22 includes a wheel-side reducer 221 and a wheel hub 222 that is pulverizedly connected to the wheel-side reducer 221. In each transmission device 20, the wheel-side reducer 221 is pulverizedly connected to the driven helical gear 212 of that transmission device 20. The wheel-side reducer 221 functions the same as the primary transmission assembly 21, both serving to reduce speed and increase torque. The driven helical gear 212 transmits power to the wheel-side reducer 221, which, after reducing speed and increasing torque, transmits the power to the wheel hub 222. The wheel hub 222 then rotates the tires, thereby enabling the engineering vehicle to move forward or backward.

[0061] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the most common wheel-side reducer 221 is a planetary gear assembly, which includes a sun gear 2211 and planetary gears 2212 meshing with the sun gear 2211. The sun gear 2211 is driven by a driven helical gear 212, and the planetary gears 2212 are driven by a wheel hub 222. The driven helical gear 212 transmits power to the sun gear 2211, then to the planetary gears 2212 meshing with the sun gear 2211, and finally to the wheel hub 222, which is driven by the planetary gears 2212. The wheel hub 222 drives the tires to rotate, thereby enabling the engineering vehicle to move forward or backward.

[0062] Furthermore, in some implementations, such as Figure 5 The diagram shown is an overall structural schematic of a drive axle provided in an exemplary embodiment two of this application. The rotation direction of the planetary gears 2212 of the planetary gear assembly of each transmission device 20 is set to be the same as the rotation direction of the driving helical gear 211. Correspondingly, the rotation direction of the sun gear 2211 of the planetary gear assembly of each transmission device 20 is set to be the same as the rotation direction of the driven helical gear 212.

[0063] That is, in the left transmission device 20, the rotation direction of its planetary gear 2212 is the same as the rotation direction of its driving helical gear 211, and the rotation direction of its sun gear 2211 is the same as the rotation direction of its driven helical gear 212; in the right transmission device 20, the rotation direction of its planetary gear 2212 is the same as the rotation direction of its driving helical gear 211, and the rotation direction of its sun gear 2211 is the same as the rotation direction of its driven helical gear 212.

[0064] It is easy to understand that, since the rotation directions of the driving helical gears 211 of the two transmission devices 20 are set differently, the rotation directions of the driven helical gears 212 of the two transmission devices 20 are also different. The rotation directions of the planetary gears 2212 of the left transmission device 20 and the planetary gears 2212 of the right transmission device 20 are different, and the rotation directions of the sun gears 2211 of the left transmission device 20 and the sun gears 2211 of the right transmission device 20 are also different.

[0065] When the planetary gears 2212 of the two transmission devices 20 rotate in the same direction, since the power is transmitted through coaxially arranged helical gears, and the two helical gears are symmetrically arranged but rotate in the same direction, the axial forces on the bearings 36 mounted on the left gear shaft 2111 and the bearings 36 mounted on the right gear shaft 2111 are uneven. One bearing 36 bears a large axial force, while the other bears a small axial force, affecting the service life of the bearings. By setting the rotation directions of the planetary gears 2212 of the two transmission devices 20 to be different, the difference in axial force between the two bearings caused by the same rotation direction and symmetrical arrangement of the two helical gears is reduced, thus mitigating the technical problem of uneven axial force caused by the same rotation direction to some extent.

[0066] In some implementations, such as Figure 2 As shown, the axle center AA of the hubs 222 of the two transmission devices 20 is parallel to the axle center BB of the drive device 10. By setting the axle center AA of the hubs 222 of the two transmission devices 20 to be parallel to the axle center BB of the drive device 10, compared to setting the axes of the two hubs to be collinear with the axle center of the drive device, since the two hubs are located on both sides of the drive device 10 and their axes are parallel, more space can be freed up between the two hubs 222. In vehicle load-bearing, the position located at the axle center of the hub 222 has the greatest load-bearing capacity, and the closer the position is to the axle center of the hub 222, the greater the load-bearing capacity. When this drive axle is applied to engineering vehicles such as forklifts, loaders, tractors, and pallet trucks, the load such as buckets and masts can be placed between the two hubs 222 to improve the load-bearing capacity of the engineering vehicle. The drive device is described below, and the drive methods are as follows.

[0067] The first method: drive unit + differential + through driveshaft

[0068] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, the drive unit 10 includes a driver 11, a differential 12, and a through drive shaft 13. The differential 12 is drivenly connected to the output shaft 111 of the driver 11, and the through drive shaft 13 is drivenly connected to the differential 12. The through drive shaft 13 passes through the driver 11, that is, it passes through the driver 11, with both ends exposed outside the driver 11, and one end is drivenly connected to the differential 12.

[0069] One of the two transmission devices 20 has its driving helical gear 2111 connected to the differential 12 via its gear shaft 2111, while the other driving helical gear 2111 is connected to the other end of the through-drive shaft 13. Assuming the left transmission device 20 is connected to the differential 12 via the gear shaft 2111 of its driving helical gear 211, then the right transmission device 20 is connected to the other end of the through-drive shaft 13 via the gear shaft 2111 of its driving helical gear 211.

[0070] The drive unit 11 provides driving force. The differential 12 enables the left and right (or front and rear) drive wheels to rotate at different speeds. Continuing with the example of the left transmission unit 20 being connected to the differential 12 via the gear shaft 2111 of the driving helical gear 211, when the drive unit 11 starts, it drives the differential 12. The differential 12 drives the driving helical gear 211 of the left transmission unit 20 to rotate, which in turn drives the driven helical gear 212 of the left transmission unit 20, ultimately driving the left secondary transmission assembly. Simultaneously, the differential 12 drives the driving helical gear 211 of the right transmission unit 20 to rotate, which in turn drives the driven helical gear 212 of the right transmission unit 20, ultimately driving the right secondary transmission assembly, thus enabling the engineering vehicle to move forward or backward.

[0071] In some embodiments, the gear shaft 2111 of the driving helical gear 211 of the other of the two transmission devices 20 is connected to the through transmission shaft 13 via a spline sleeve 14. Connecting the gear shaft 2111 and the through transmission shaft 13 via the spline sleeve 14 reduces the transmission backlash between the gear shaft 2111 and the through transmission shaft 13, improves torque transmission efficiency, and prevents misalignment or rotation between the gear shaft 2111 and the through transmission shaft 13.

[0072] The second type: drive unit + differential.

[0073] In some embodiments, the through-drive shaft 13 in the first method may be omitted, and the driving helical gears 211 of the two transmission devices 20 may be directly connected to the differential 12. Specifically, the drive device 10 includes a driver 11 and a differential 12 that is drivenly connected to the output shaft 111 of the driver 11, wherein the gear shafts 2111 of the driving helical gears 211 of the two transmission devices 20 are drivenly connected to the differential 12.

[0074] When the drive unit 11 starts, it drives the differential 12 to operate. The differential 12 drives the driving helical gears 211 of the left and right transmission devices 20 to rotate, and then drives the driven helical gears 212 of the left and right transmission devices 20 respectively. Finally, it drives the left secondary transmission assembly to realize the forward or backward movement of the engineering vehicle.

[0075] The third method: dual-drive approach

[0076] In some implementations, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, two drivers 11 can be used. Specifically, the drive device 10 includes two drivers 11, which are respectively connected to two transmission devices 20. For ease of distinction, the two drivers 11 are referred to as the left driver 11 and the right driver 11, wherein the left driver 11 is connected to the left transmission device 20, specifically to the driving helical gear 211 of the left transmission device 20, and the right driver 11 is connected to the right transmission device 20, specifically to the driving helical gear 211 of the right transmission device 20.

[0077] By using two drives 11, compared to using one drive 11, there is no need to use a differential 12 for transmission connection. One drive 11 drives the left transmission device 20 directly, and the other drive 11 drives the right transmission device 20. The different wheel speeds are achieved by controlling the rotational speeds of the two drives 11.

[0078] Understandably, the use of two drivers 11 is applicable to the implementation of the two drive helical gears 211 of the aforementioned two transmission devices 20 having different rotation directions, and is also applicable to the implementation of the planetary gears 2212 of the planetary gear assembly of each transmission device 20 having the same rotation direction as the drive helical gear 211.

[0079] In some embodiments, the two drivers 11 are fixedly connected, specifically, they can be fixedly connected by fasteners 112 such as screws or bolts. Of course, in other embodiments, the two drivers 11 may not be connected, and the specific configuration can be adjusted as needed.

[0080] The following is a description of the housing assembly 30.

[0081] In some implementations, such as Figure 4 As shown, the drive axle 100 also includes a housing assembly 30, which provides protection, support, or fixation for other components. Specifically, the primary transmission assembly 21 is disposed within the housing assembly 30. The housing assembly 30 provides protection and support for the primary transmission assembly 21. In this embodiment, the housing assembly 30 is fixedly connected to the housing of the driver 11.

[0082] Specifically, the housing assembly 30 is provided with a first cavity 31, a second cavity 32, a bearing seat hole 33, an oil drain port 34 and an oil return port 35, wherein the bearing seat hole 33, the oil drain port 34 and the oil return port 35 are connected to the first cavity 31 and the second cavity 32.

[0083] The driving helical gear 211 is located in the bearing seat hole 33 via the bearing 36, with one end located in the first cavity 31 and connected to the drive device 10 for transmission, and the other end located in the second cavity 32 and meshing with the driven helical gear 212.

[0084] When the driver 11 starts and drives the engineering vehicle forward, the driving helical gear 211 rotates clockwise, and the driven helical gear 212 rotates counterclockwise. The primary transmission assembly 21 discharges oil, and the gear oil is discharged from the second chamber 32 through the oil drain port 34 to the first chamber 31, and then returned from the oil return port 35, and so on.

[0085] When the driver 11 starts and drives the engineering vehicle backward, the driving helical gear 211 rotates counterclockwise, and the driven helical gear 212 rotates clockwise. The primary transmission component 21 draws in oil, and the gear oil is drawn from the second chamber 32 through the oil drain port 34 to the first chamber 31, and then returned from the oil return port 35, and so on.

[0086] This application sets the rotation directions of the active helical gears 211 of the two transmission devices 20 located on opposite sides of the drive unit 10 to be different, that is, sets the rotation directions of the active helical gears 211 of the left and right transmission devices 20 to be different. This ensures that when the engineering vehicle is moving forward, both the left and right reducers are discharging oil, so that the transmission efficiency can be maintained above 90% regardless of whether it is high speed or low speed. When the engineering vehicle is reversing, both the left and right reducers are drawing in oil. Since the reversing speed is low, the impact on the transmission efficiency is minimal. Therefore, it can ensure that the overall transmission efficiency is improved by 15%-20%, thereby improving the transmission efficiency in the transmission process and solving the technical problems of high energy consumption and low transmission efficiency of the drive axle in the prior art.

[0087] This application also provides an engineering vehicle that includes the drive axle as described above, which has all the beneficial effects of the aforementioned drive axle, and will not be repeated here.

[0088] In some embodiments, the engineering vehicle is a heavy-duty engineering vehicle such as a forklift, loader, tractor, or pallet truck. When the engineering vehicle is a forklift or loader, due to the need for a larger load-bearing capacity, the axle center AA of the hubs 222 of the two transmission devices 20 can be set parallel to the axle center BB of the drive device 10. Compared to setting the axes of the two hubs to be collinear with the axle center of the drive device, this method allows for a certain space between the two hubs 222 because the two hubs are located on both sides of the drive device 10 and the axles are parallel. This allows the load, such as a bucket or mast, to be placed between the two hubs 222, thereby increasing the load-bearing capacity of the engineering vehicle.

[0089] This application sets the rotation directions of the active helical gears 211 of the two transmission devices 20 located on opposite sides of the drive unit 10 to be different, that is, sets the rotation directions of the active helical gears 211 of the left and right transmission devices 20 to be different. This ensures that when the engineering vehicle is moving forward, both the left and right reducers are discharging oil, so that the transmission efficiency can be maintained above 90% regardless of whether it is high speed or low speed. When the engineering vehicle is reversing, both the left and right reducers are drawing in oil. Since the reversing speed is low, the impact on the transmission efficiency is minimal. Therefore, it can ensure that the overall transmission efficiency is improved by 15%-20%, thereby improving the transmission efficiency in the transmission process and solving the technical problems of high energy consumption and low transmission efficiency of the drive axle in the prior art.

[0090] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0091] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0092] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0093] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A drive axle, characterized in that, The drive axle includes: Drive unit; Two transmission devices are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the drive device, each transmission device comprising: A primary transmission assembly includes a driving helical gear and a driven helical gear meshing with the driving helical gear, wherein the driving helical gear is connected to the drive device in a transmission connection. The two drive helical gears of the transmission device have different rotation directions, which refers to the inclination direction of the gear tooth surfaces of the two drive helical gears.

2. The drive axle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The difference in helix angle between the two driving helical gears of the two transmission devices is less than or equal to 10 degrees.

3. The drive axle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The two transmission devices are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the drive device, and the helix angles of the driving helical gears of the two transmission devices are the same.

4. The drive axle according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The drive axle further includes a secondary transmission assembly, which includes a wheel-side reducer and a wheel hub that is motively connected to the wheel-side reducer. The wheel-side reducer of each transmission device is motively connected to the driven helical gear of the transmission device.

5. The drive axle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The wheel-side reducer is a planetary gear assembly, which includes a sun gear and planetary gears meshing with the sun gear. The sun gear is driven by the driven helical gear, and the planetary gears are driven by the wheel hub.

6. The drive axle according to claim 5, characterized in that, The planetary gears of each planetary gear assembly of the transmission device rotate in the same direction as the driving helical gear, and the sun gear of each planetary gear assembly rotates in the same direction as the driven helical gear.

7. The drive axle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The axis of the hubs of the two transmission devices is parallel to the axis of the drive device.

8. The drive axle according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The drive unit includes a driver, a differential that is driven by the output shaft of the driver, and a through drive shaft that is driven by the differential. The through drive shaft passes through the driver. The gear shaft of the driving helical gear of one of the two drive units is driven by the differential, and the gear shaft of the driving helical gear of the other is driven by the through drive shaft.

9. The drive axle according to claim 8, characterized in that, The gear shaft of the driving helical gear of the other of the two transmission devices is connected to the through transmission shaft via a spline sleeve.

10. The drive axle according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The drive unit includes a driver and a differential that is driven to the output shaft of the driver, wherein the gear shafts of the two driving helical gears of the drive unit are driven to the differential.

11. The drive axle according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The drive device includes two drivers, which are respectively connected to two transmission devices.

12. The drive axle according to claim 11, characterized in that, The two drivers are fixedly connected.

13. The drive axle according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The drive axle also includes a housing assembly, and the primary transmission assembly is disposed within the housing assembly.

14. The drive axle according to claim 13, characterized in that, The housing assembly has a first cavity, a second cavity, a bearing seat hole, an oil drain port, and an oil return port, wherein the bearing seat hole, the oil drain port, and the oil return port connect the first cavity and the second cavity; The driving helical gear is disposed in the bearing seat hole through a bearing, with one end located in the first cavity and connected to the driving device for transmission, and the other end located in the second cavity and meshing with the driven helical gear.

15. An engineering vehicle, characterized in that, The engineering vehicle includes: The drive axle as described in any one of claims 1-14; and The wheels are connected to the transmission device.

16. The engineering vehicle according to claim 15, characterized in that, The engineering vehicles are forklifts, loaders, tractors, or transport vehicles.

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