A basement anti-floating graded pressure-relief drainage system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a basement anti -floating's grading pressure -relief drainage system, it includes pressure -relief water -permeable head, horizontal drainage pipe network and grading vertical drainage pipe, the pressure -relief water -permeable head is buried in the soil layer below basement floor, and the pressure water of soil layer below basement floor can infiltrate into the pipe and is drained, and the water pressure is reduced, the horizontal drainage pipe network is horizontally laid in the cushion below basement floor, and the bottom of horizontal drainage pipe network is connected with a plurality of pressure -relief water -permeable heads, the grading vertical drainage pipe is fixed on the wall body, and the bottom of grading vertical drainage pipe is provided with a sump, and the grading vertical drainage pipe is connected with horizontal drainage pipe network through the connecting pipe, and water pressure monitoring pressure gauge and cleaning valve are installed on the connecting pipe. The grading pressure -relief drainage system of this basement anti -floating is simple to operate, convenient to use, and the construction cost is low, and the applicability is good, through this drainage system, groundwater pressure can be monitored in time, realizes automatic gravity drainage pressure -relief, prevents water pressure from being too large and damaging underground structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of basement dewatering, specifically to a graded pressure relief drainage system for basement anti-buoyancy. Background Technology

[0002] With urban development and the accelerated pace of national infrastructure construction, the number of high-rise buildings, roads, and subways is increasing, leading to a greater utilization of underground space. However, as basement excavation depths increase, the pressure from groundwater on the basement floor slab gradually rises. If dewatering is not implemented promptly, the basement floor slab may float, potentially damaging the structural load-bearing system and creating safety hazards. Therefore, when constructing basements, it is necessary to consider the groundwater level and implement dewatering measures to ensure the building's safety.

[0003] The basement floor consists of, from bottom to top, a soil layer, a subbase layer, and the basement floor slab. Conventional dewatering methods during basement construction include wellpoint pumping, while anti-buoyancy measures employ anti-buoyancy piles or anchors. However, conventional pressure relief and anti-buoyancy methods have drawbacks such as high construction requirements and numerous construction procedures, making them unsuitable in many situations. Therefore, the development of a convenient, low-cost, and widely applicable basement anti-buoyancy pressure relief and drainage system is objectively necessary. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the prior art by providing a graded pressure relief drainage system for basement anti-buoyancy. This graded pressure relief drainage system for basement anti-buoyancy is simple to install, easy to use, has low construction cost, and good applicability.

[0005] This utility model is achieved using the following technical solution:

[0006] A graded pressure relief drainage system for basements, designed to prevent buoyancy, includes pressure relief perforators, a horizontal drainage network, and graded vertical drainage pipes. The pressure relief perforators are embedded in the soil layer beneath the basement floor slab to dissipate pressurized water entering the basement floor. Pressurized water in the soil layer beneath the basement floor can seep into the pipes for drainage, reducing water pressure. The horizontal drainage network is laid horizontally within the subgrade beneath the basement floor slab and forms a closed loop through longitudinal and transverse pipes. Multiple pressure relief perforators are connected to the bottom of the horizontal drainage network. The graded vertical drainage pipes are fixed to the wall, with a sump at their bottom. The vertical drainage pipes are connected to the horizontal drainage network via connecting pipes equipped with a water pressure monitoring gauge and a cleaning valve. The cleaning valve is periodically opened to remove sediment from the pipes, and regular maintenance ensures unobstructed drainage. The water pressure monitoring gauge monitors water level and head, and can be connected to electronic digital instruments and networks to obtain real-time monitoring data without on-site monitoring.

[0007] A further preferred embodiment: the outer periphery of the pressure relief permeable head is covered with a reverse filter layer.

[0008] A further preferred embodiment: the pressure relief permeable head includes a hollow pressure relief permeable head body, the top of the pressure relief permeable head body is connected to the horizontal drainage network through a connecting pipe, the pressure relief permeable head body is provided with multiple water permeable holes, and the outside of the pressure relief permeable head body is wrapped with filter cloth.

[0009] Further preferred embodiments: the horizontal drainage network is constructed using DN galvanized steel pipes; the pressure relief permeable head is constructed using D100 galvanized steel pipes with a length of 300mm; and the filter cloth is constructed using geotextile.

[0010] A further preferred embodiment: the pressure relief permeable head body has four rings of permeable holes, with six holes in each ring and a hole diameter of 10mm.

[0011] A further preferred embodiment: the filter layer is divided into a pebble filter layer and a medium-coarse sand filter layer, with the pebble filter layer surrounding the pressure relief permeable head and the medium-coarse sand filter layer located outside the pebble filter layer.

[0012] A further preferred embodiment: the horizontal drainage network is connected to at least two graded vertical drainage pipes, and a water collection pit is provided at the bottom of each graded vertical drainage pipe.

[0013] A further preferred embodiment: the graded vertical drainage pipe includes a first-stage inverted U-shaped pipe, a second-stage inverted U-shaped pipe, and a third-stage inverted U-shaped pipe arranged sequentially from bottom to top. A first-stage drainage valve, a second-stage drainage valve, and a third-stage drainage valve are respectively installed on the first-stage, second-stage, and third-stage inverted U-shaped pipes. The drainage height and water head pressure are automatically controlled by setting the top elevation of the inverted U-shaped pipe.

[0014] The application of this anti-buoyancy graded pressure relief drainage system for basements is crucial during both the construction and permanent use phases of basement engineering. This system addresses both the dewatering needs during construction and the anti-buoyancy and seepage prevention issues during permanent use. The system utilizes a combination of pressure relief drainage heads, a horizontally connected drainage network, and U-shaped graded drainage outlets to achieve real-time monitoring, controllability, and reliable drainage and water level control. Specifically, if the groundwater level does not reach the warning or anti-buoyancy level, groundwater is diverted to a sump via pre-installed drainage pipes. From there, a pump in the sump pumps the water to the external rainwater drainage system. The soil water level and volume in the basement fluctuate with atmospheric precipitation and surrounding water replenishment. Monitoring and graded drainage allow for automatic adjustment of the groundwater level within a certain range, effectively preventing excessively high water levels from adversely affecting the basement structure. This anti-buoyancy graded pressure relief drainage system is installed before the basement floor construction, making it simple to install, convenient to use, cost-effective, and highly adaptable. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layout structure of the anti-buoyancy graded pressure relief drainage system in this basement;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure relief permeable head;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the layout structure of a horizontal drainage pipe network;

[0018] The component names corresponding to the serial numbers in the diagram are:

[0019] 1. Soil layer, 2. Subbase layer, 3. Filter layer, 4. Pressure relief permeable head, 5. Horizontal drainage network, 6. Basement floor slab, 7. Connecting pipe, 8. Sump, 9. Water pressure monitoring gauge, 10. Cleaning valve, 11. Wall, 12. Primary drainage valve, 13. Primary inverted U-shaped pipe, 14. Secondary drainage valve, 15. Secondary inverted U-shaped pipe, 16. Tertiary drainage valve, 17. Tertiary inverted U-shaped pipe, 18. Filter cloth, 19. Pressure relief permeable head body, 20. Permeable hole, 21. Connecting pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. The described embodiments are only a part of the present utility model, and not all of the embodiments. Example

[0021] A graded pressure relief drainage system for basement anti-buoyancy includes pressure relief perforators 4, a horizontal drainage network 5, and graded vertical drainage pipes. The pressure relief perforators 4 are buried in the soil layer 1 below the basement floor slab 6 to drain pressurized water under the basement floor slab 6. The pressurized water in the soil layer below the basement floor slab can seep into the pipes for drainage, reducing water pressure. The horizontal drainage network 5 is laid horizontally in the cushion layer 2 below the basement floor slab 6. The horizontal drainage network 5 is connected to form a closed loop through longitudinal and transverse pipes. The bottom of the horizontal drainage network 5 is connected to multiple pressure relief perforators 4. The graded vertical drainage pipes are fixed to the wall 11. A sump 8 is provided at the bottom of the graded vertical drainage pipes. The graded vertical drainage pipes are connected to the horizontal drainage network 5 through connecting pipes 7. A water pressure monitoring gauge 9 and a cleaning valve 10 are installed on the connecting pipes 7. The aforementioned graded vertical drainage pipe system includes a first-stage inverted U-shaped pipe 13, a second-stage inverted U-shaped pipe 15, and a third-stage inverted U-shaped pipe 17 arranged sequentially from bottom to top. A first-stage drain valve 12, a second-stage drain valve 14, and a third-stage drain valve 16 are respectively installed on the first-stage, second-stage, and third-stage inverted U-shaped pipes 13 and 17. The drainage height and water head pressure are automatically controlled by setting the top elevation of the inverted U-shaped pipes. A cleaning valve 10 is periodically opened to remove sediment from the pipes; regular maintenance ensures smooth drainage of the pipe network. A water pressure monitoring gauge 9 is used to monitor water level and water head; it can be connected to electronic digital instruments and a network to obtain monitoring data in real time without on-site supervision.

[0022] The outer periphery of the pressure relief permeable head 4 is covered with a reverse filter layer 3.

[0023] The pressure relief permeable head 4 includes a hollow pressure relief permeable head body 19. The top of the pressure relief permeable head body 19 is connected to the horizontal drainage network 6 through a connecting pipe 21. The pressure relief permeable head body 19 is provided with multiple water permeable holes 20. The outside of the pressure relief permeable head body 19 is wrapped with filter cloth 18.

[0024] The horizontal drainage network 6 is made of DN32 galvanized steel pipe; the pressure relief permeable head 19 is made of D100 galvanized steel pipe with a length of 300mm; and the filter cloth 18 is made of geotextile.

[0025] The pressure relief permeable head 19 has four rings of permeable holes 20, with six holes in each ring and a hole diameter of 10mm.

[0026] The filter layer 3 is divided into a pebble filter layer and a medium-coarse sand filter layer. The pebble filter layer surrounds the periphery of the pressure relief permeable head 4, and the medium-coarse sand filter layer is located outside the pebble filter layer.

[0027] The horizontal drainage network 5 is connected to at least two graded vertical drainage pipes, and a water collection pit 8 is provided at the bottom of each graded vertical drainage pipe.

[0028] Monitoring and pressure relief: According to seasonal changes, when the soil water level rises, natural pressure is formed. Water will pass through the filter layer 3, filter cloth 18, and then enter the pressure relief permeable head 4 through the permeable hole 20. Then it will enter the horizontal drainage network 5. Under pressure, water will enter the graded vertical drainage pipe through the connecting pipe 21. According to the control pressure and water level requirements, the pressure and water in the soil layer 1 can be relieved by opening the first-level drainage valve 12, the second-level drainage valve 14, or the third-level drainage valve 16 at the corresponding height. The water will be discharged into the sump pit 8 and then pumped to the external rainwater network system by the water pump in the sump pit 8.

[0029] The above description is not intended to limit the present utility model, nor is the present utility model limited to the above examples. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present utility model should be protected by the present utility model.

Claims

1. A graded pressure relief drainage system for basement anti-buoyancy, characterized in that: The system includes pressure relief permeable heads (4), horizontal drainage pipe network (5), and graded vertical drainage pipes. The pressure relief permeable heads (4) are buried in the soil layer (1) below the basement floor slab (6). The pressurized water in the soil layer below the basement floor slab can seep into the pipes for drainage, reducing water pressure. The horizontal drainage pipe network (5) is laid horizontally in the cushion layer (2) below the basement floor slab (6). The bottom of the horizontal drainage pipe network (5) is connected to multiple pressure relief permeable heads (4). The graded vertical drainage pipes are fixed on the wall (11). A water collection pit (8) is set at the bottom of the graded vertical drainage pipes. The graded vertical drainage pipes are connected to the horizontal drainage pipe network (5) through connecting pipes (7). A water pressure monitoring gauge (9) and a cleaning valve (10) are installed on the connecting pipes (7).

2. The basement anti-buoyancy graded pressure relief drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the pressure relief permeable head (4) is covered with a reverse filter layer (3).

3. The basement anti-buoyancy graded pressure relief drainage system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The pressure relief permeable head (4) includes a hollow pressure relief permeable head body (19). The top of the pressure relief permeable head body (19) is connected to the horizontal drainage network (6) through a connecting pipe (21). The pressure relief permeable head body (19) is provided with multiple permeable holes (20). The outside of the pressure relief permeable head body (19) is wrapped with filter cloth (18).

4. The basement anti-buoyancy graded pressure relief drainage system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The horizontal drainage network (6) is made of DN32 galvanized steel pipe; the pressure relief permeable head (19) is made of D100 galvanized steel pipe with a length of 300mm; the filter cloth (18) is made of geotextile.

5. The basement anti-buoyancy graded pressure relief drainage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure relief permeable head (19) has four rings of permeable holes (20), with six holes in each ring and a hole diameter of 10mm.

6. The basement anti-buoyancy graded pressure relief drainage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter layer (3) is divided into a pebble filter layer and a medium-coarse sand filter layer. The pebble filter layer surrounds the periphery of the pressure relief permeable head (4), and the medium-coarse sand filter layer is located outside the pebble filter layer.

7. The basement anti-buoyancy graded pressure relief drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal drainage network (5) is connected to at least two graded vertical drainage pipes, and a water collection pit (8) is provided at the bottom of each graded vertical drainage pipe.

8. The basement anti-buoyancy graded pressure relief drainage system according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The graded vertical drainage pipe includes a first-stage inverted U-shaped pipe (13), a second-stage inverted U-shaped pipe (15), and a third-stage inverted U-shaped pipe (17) arranged from bottom to top. A first-stage drainage valve (12), a second-stage drainage valve (14), and a third-stage drainage valve (16) are respectively installed on the first-stage inverted U-shaped pipe (13), the second-stage inverted U-shaped pipe (15), and the third-stage inverted U-shaped pipe (17). The drainage height and water head pressure are automatically controlled by setting the top elevation of the inverted U-shaped pipe.

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