Ammonia secondary burner
By combining the cooling structure of the shell and water jacket and the orifice plate design in the ammonia secondary burner, the problems of cooling complexity and incomplete combustion are solved, achieving efficient and stable combustion.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HEFEI DIANSHI INSTR TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
AI Technical Summary
The existing cooling methods for ammonia secondary burners are complex and costly. Direct cooling may affect the combustion process, resulting in slow combustion speed and incomplete combustion, and the fuel energy may not be released in time.
A cooling structure combining a combustion chamber shell and a water jacket is designed, which uses coolant to circulate and cool the combustion chamber, and a perforated plate is installed in the middle section of the combustion chamber to promote fuel-flame mixing. High-temperature resistant materials and detachable connection methods are used.
It achieves highly efficient cooling without the need for an additional cooler, improves combustion efficiency and complete fuel combustion, and stabilizes the combustion process.
Smart Images
Figure CN224340129U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of burners, specifically a two-stage ammonia burner. Background Technology
[0002] A two-stage ammonia burner is a device used for ammonia combustion. It typically includes three combustion chambers, a burner, and an ignition source. Each combustion chamber has a radial fuel inlet. A premixed gas composed of ammonia, acetylene, and air is drawn into the combustion chamber by airflow. Under the action of the ignition source, the premixed gas is ignited, initiating combustion in the primary combustion zone. Then, premixed gas is injected again into the flame in the middle section of the combustion chamber to supplement the oxygen required for combustion, making combustion more complete. It also helps to adjust the shape and temperature distribution of the combustion flame.
[0003] There are two main cooling methods for ammonia secondary burners: indirect cooling and direct cooling. Indirect cooling uses a heat exchanger, where a cooling medium (such as cooling water or air) absorbs heat from the burner components. The cooling medium and the burner components are separated by the heat exchanger wall, thus achieving cooling and ensuring the burner operates at normal temperatures. However, this requires an additional heat exchanger and cooling medium circulation system, increasing system complexity and cost. Furthermore, the presence of the heat exchanger increases resistance, potentially affecting burner performance. Direct cooling involves directly introducing the cooling medium into the burner, allowing it to directly contact the high-temperature components. For example, in some designs, a small amount of liquid ammonia can be sprayed into specific parts of the burner; the evaporation of the liquid ammonia absorbs heat, thus carrying it away. Alternatively, direct air cooling can be used, by creating air channels on the burner wall to allow cool air to flow over and absorb heat. However, direct contact between the cooling medium and the burner interior can affect the combustion process, such as altering the temperature distribution in the combustion zone and affecting combustion efficiency. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems in the prior art by providing a two-stage ammonia burner.
[0005] This utility model achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions:
[0006] A two-stage ammonia burner includes a bottom combustion chamber section, at least one middle combustion chamber section, and a top combustion chamber section. Adjacent combustion chamber sections are fixed together by connecting flanges. Burners are installed in both the bottom and top combustion chamber sections. Pipe assemblies are provided at the bottom ends of the burners. An ignition electrode is provided on the bottom combustion chamber section, and a secondary fuel inlet is provided on the middle combustion chamber section.
[0007] The enclosure structures of the bottom section, middle section, and top section of the combustion chamber are all composed of a combustion chamber shell and a water jacket. The upper and lower ends of the combustion chamber shell and the water jacket are connected to the connecting flanges at both ends. A cooling cavity is formed between the combustion chamber shell and the water jacket. A coolant inlet is provided on the bottom section of the combustion chamber, and a coolant outlet is provided on the top section of the combustion chamber.
[0008] As a further optimization of this utility model, each combustion chamber section has at least one flow guide ring in its cooling cavity.
[0009] As a further optimization of this utility model, the connecting flange is provided with a channel for connecting the cooling cavity of the adjacent combustion chamber section.
[0010] As a further optimization of this utility model, a perforated plate is provided on the inner side of the connecting flange at the bottom of the middle section of the combustion chamber, and a plurality of through holes are uniformly provided on the perforated plate.
[0011] As a further optimization of this utility model, the ratio of the radius r of the through hole to the radius R of the perforated plate is 1:3-20.
[0012] As a further optimization of this utility model, the inner wall of the connecting flange is provided with a plurality of symmetrical protrusions.
[0013] As a further optimization of this utility model, the perforated plate is located below the protrusion and is connected to the protrusion by a fixing member.
[0014] As a further optimization of this utility model, the edge of the perforated plate is provided with a plurality of grooves that engage with the protrusions, and the perforated plate is flush with the protrusions.
[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0016] (1) The ammonia two-stage burner combines the cooling structure with the combustion chamber. When cooling is required, the coolant is sent in from the coolant inlet and then passes through the bottom section, middle section and top section of the combustion chamber to cool the three combustion chambers before being discharged from the top coolant outlet. The coolant does not need to contact the burner and no additional cooler is needed to enter the combustion chamber.
[0017] (2) In order to solve the problem that the combustion rate of ammonia is relatively slow and the combustion process is not complete, which affects the combustion efficiency and prevents the fuel from releasing energy in a timely manner, an orifice plate is installed in the middle section of the combustion chamber to disperse the flame and unburned gas in the lower combustion chamber, so as to fully mix it with the secondary fuel entering the middle section of the combustion chamber and increase the combustion efficiency of ammonia. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the ammonia two-stage burner of this utility model;
[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the ammonia two-stage burner of this utility model;
[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Partial diagram Figure 1 ;
[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Partial diagram Figure 2 ;
[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the perforated plate structure in this utility model;
[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of through holes on a perforated plate;
[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an ammonia two-stage burner with an orifice plate.
[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the ammonia two-stage burner in use according to this utility model;
[0026] Diagram: 1. Bottom section of combustion chamber; 11. Burner; 12. Piping assembly; 2. Middle section of combustion chamber; 21. Secondary fuel inlet; 3. Top section of combustion chamber; 4. Ignition electrode; 5. Viewing window; 6. Combustion chamber shell; 7. Water jacket; 8. Cooling chamber; 81. Coolant inlet; 82. Coolant outlet; 83. Guide ring; 9. Connecting flange; 91. Channel; 92. Protrusion; 10. Orifice plate; 101. Through hole; 102. Groove. Detailed Implementation
[0027] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.
[0028] Example 1
[0029] like Figure 1-3As shown, the ammonia two-stage burner of this embodiment includes a bottom section 1 of the combustion chamber, two middle sections 2 of the combustion chamber, and a top section 3 of the combustion chamber. Adjacent combustion chamber sections are fixed by connecting flanges 9. Burners 11 are provided in both the bottom section 1 and the top section 3 of the combustion chamber. The bottom end of the burner 11 in the bottom section 1 of the combustion chamber is provided with a pipe assembly 12. The pipe assembly 12 specifically includes a bottom burner protective gas pipe, a bottom burner fuel inlet pipe, a bottom burner cooling pipe, and a bottom burner center pipe. The burner in the top section 3 of the combustion chamber is also provided with a similar pipe assembly. Two symmetrical ignition electrodes 4 are provided on the bottom section 1 of the combustion chamber. A secondary fuel inlet 21 is provided on the middle section 2 of the combustion chamber. The end of the secondary fuel inlet 21 is connected to the premixing box through a wind power device.
[0030] The enclosure structures of the bottom section 1, middle section 2, and top section 3 of the combustion chamber are all composed of the combustion chamber shell 6 and the water jacket 7. The upper and lower ends of the bottom section 1, the upper and lower ends of the middle section 2, and the lower end of the top section 3 of the combustion chamber are all provided with connecting flanges 9. The upper and lower ends of the combustion chamber shell 6 and the water jacket 7 are connected to the connecting flanges 9 at both ends, and a cooling cavity 8 is formed between the combustion chamber shell 6 and the water jacket 7. During assembly, the connecting flanges 9 of the bottom section 1, middle section 2, and top section 3 of the combustion chamber are aligned, and the channels 91 on the different connecting flanges 9 are aligned so that the upper and lower cooling chambers 8 are connected. The bottom section 1 of the combustion chamber is provided with a coolant inlet 81, and the top section 3 of the combustion chamber is provided with a coolant outlet 82. When cooling is required, the coolant is pumped in from the coolant inlet 81 through the pumping equipment, and then discharged from the top coolant outlet 82 after cooling the three combustion chambers through the bottom section 1, middle section 2, and top section 3 of the combustion chamber. The coolant does not need to contact the burner, and no additional cooler is needed to enter the combustion chamber.
[0031] Furthermore, each combustion chamber section's cooling cavity 8 is provided with at least one guide ring 8 for guiding the coolant and increasing the connection stability between the combustion chamber shell 6 and the water jacket 7, providing support.
[0032] The working process of the ammonia secondary burner in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, ammonia, acetylene, and air are mixed in the premixing tank and then flow into the ammonia secondary burner. Ignition electrode 4 is then turned on to ignite the mixture. During combustion, the reaction process can be observed and recorded at any time through window 5. During combustion, a chiller needs to be turned on to ensure water circulation along the side walls of the combustion chamber for cooling.
[0033] Example 2
[0034] like Figure 4-5As shown, based on the two combustion chamber sections 2 in Example 1, in order to address the problem that the combustion rate of ammonia is relatively slow, the combustion process is not complete, affecting combustion efficiency and preventing the fuel from releasing energy in a timely manner, this embodiment provides an orifice plate 10 inside the connecting flange 9 at the bottom of each combustion chamber section 2. The orifice plate 10 has several uniformly distributed through holes 101 to disperse the flame and unburned gas in the lower combustion chamber, ensuring thorough mixing with the secondary fuel entering the combustion chamber section 2 and increasing combustion efficiency.
[0035] The ratio of the radius r of the through hole 101 to the radius R of the orifice plate 10 is r:R = 1:3-20. Figure 6 The document provides six implementation methods: 1:20, 1:10, 1:6, 1:5, 1:4, and 1:3.
[0036] The above-described implementation method was tested, and the efficiency of the ammonia two-stage burner was analyzed. The exhaust gas after combustion was analyzed using a gas analyzer, and the ammonia content in the exhaust gas was used as the criterion for determining combustion efficiency. Details are shown in the table below:
[0037] ;
[0038] As can be seen from the table above, adding orifice plate 10 can improve the combustion efficiency of ammonia. It is speculated that the orifice plate 10 can rectify the flame and airflow, so that the premixed gas is evenly distributed around the flame, making the flame more stable. A stable flame is conducive to maintaining the continuity and efficiency of combustion, reducing the situation of flame flickering or extinguishing caused by unstable airflow, and thus making the combustion more complete.
[0039] Furthermore, to ensure combustion stability, the orifice plate 10 can be made of inorganic materials such as high-temperature resistant ceramics. And to observe the flame color, a viewing window 5 can be opened in the middle section 2 of each combustion chamber.
[0040] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 and 7 As shown, to increase the flexibility of the orifice plate 10, the orifice plate 10 is detachably connected to the connecting flange 9. The inner wall of the connecting flange 9 has several symmetrical protrusions 92. The first detachable connection method is as follows: the orifice plate 9 is located below the protrusions 92, and the orifice plate 9 is connected to the protrusions 92 by fasteners (nuts, screws, etc.). The second detachable connection method is as follows: several grooves 102 are formed on the edge of the orifice plate 10, and the protrusions 92 engage with the grooves 102, making the orifice plate 10 flush with the protrusions 92.
[0041] The above-described embodiments are merely one implementation of this utility model, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A two-stage ammonia burner, comprising a bottom combustion chamber section, at least one middle combustion chamber section, and a top combustion chamber section, adjacent combustion chamber sections being fixed together by connecting flanges; burners are provided in both the bottom and top combustion chamber sections; pipe assemblies are provided at the bottom ends of the burners; an ignition electrode is provided on the bottom combustion chamber section; and a secondary fuel inlet is provided on the middle combustion chamber section, characterized in that: The enclosure structures of the bottom section, middle section, and top section of the combustion chamber are all composed of a combustion chamber shell and a water jacket. The upper and lower ends of the combustion chamber shell and the water jacket are connected to the connecting flanges at both ends. A cooling cavity is formed between the combustion chamber shell and the water jacket. A coolant inlet is provided on the bottom section of the combustion chamber, and a coolant outlet is provided on the top section of the combustion chamber.
2. The ammonia two-stage burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each combustion chamber section has at least one flow guide ring in its cooling cavity.
3. The ammonia two-stage burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting flange is provided with a channel for connecting the cooling chamber of the adjacent combustion chamber section.
4. The ammonia two-stage burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting flange at the bottom of the middle section of the combustion chamber is provided with a perforated plate, and the perforated plate is provided with a number of through holes evenly distributed.
5. The ammonia two-stage burner according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ratio of the radius r of the through hole to the radius R of the perforated plate is 1:3-20.
6. The ammonia two-stage burner according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall of the connecting flange is provided with several symmetrical protrusions.
7. The ammonia two-stage burner according to claim 6, characterized in that: The perforated plate is located below the protrusion and is connected to the protrusion by a fastener.
8. The ammonia two-stage burner according to claim 6, characterized in that: The edge of the perforated plate has several grooves that engage with the protrusions, and the perforated plate is flush with the protrusions.