Pin type force sensor for a side discharge rock loader

Abstract

This utility model discloses a pin-type force sensor for a side-discharge rock-loading machine, comprising: an elastic shaft, one end of which has a groove containing a gyroscope and an accelerometer; a through hole penetrating the elastic shaft, a mounting post containing a hollow structure, one end of which is open and the other end has a closed end face with a strain gauge; the mounting post and the through hole are coaxially aligned and interference-fitted; blind holes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the outer wall of the mounting post, each containing a spring and a retaining ball, the length of which is parallel to the axis of the blind hole, one end of which is fixedly connected to the inner end face of the blind hole and the other end is fixedly connected to the retaining ball; a locking hole is penetrating the elastic shaft along its length, communicating with the through hole and disconnecting it from the through hole, and the retaining ball on the mounting post engages with the locking holes on both sides of the mounting post.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of pin-type force sensor technology, and more particularly to a pin-type force sensor for a side-discharge rock loading machine. Background Technology

[0002] In coal mining operations, side-discharge loaders are key equipment for loading rock after tunnel excavation. Their operating environment is characterized by confined spaces, high dust concentrations, intense vibrations, and frequent load changes. Currently, safety monitoring of side-discharge loaders mainly focuses on the power and braking systems, with insufficient monitoring of the stress state of critical connection points and the machine's posture during loading and unloading processes.

[0003] To address the aforementioned shortcomings, some existing rock loading machines use pin force sensors to monitor loads. However, these sensors can only monitor the actual force at the key pin connections of the equipment, and cannot simultaneously monitor the machine's attitude. The lack of data linkage between the machine's attitude and the force sensors makes it difficult to comprehensively assess the risk of rollover caused by overload or attitude imbalance.

[0004] Furthermore, the existing pin-type force sensor has the following structure: an annular groove is directly cut into the elastic shaft, and a blind hole is cut into the annular groove. Then, a resistance strain gauge is glued into the blind hole to form a Wheatstone bridge. The strain gauge needs to be tightly fitted, but the blind hole has a small diameter and a certain depth, which makes the strain gauge bonding operation somewhat inconvenient. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a pin-type force sensor for a side-discharge rock-loading machine, so as to solve the problem that the existing pin-type force sensor cannot simultaneously monitor the machine body attitude and the inconvenience of attaching strain gauges.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model is implemented as follows: A pin-type force sensor for a side-discharge rock-loading machine includes: an elastic shaft and a mounting column. One end of the elastic shaft along its length is provided with a groove, in which a gyroscope and an accelerometer are disposed. A through hole is provided on the elastic shaft, the axial direction of which is perpendicular to the length direction of the elastic shaft. The mounting column is disposed in the through hole and is a hollow structure. One end of the mounting column is an open end, and the other end has a closed end face, on which a... Strain gauge; the mounting post and the through hole are coaxially arranged, and the mounting post and the through hole are interference fit; blind holes are symmetrically provided on both sides of the outer wall of the mounting post, and springs and retaining balls are provided in the blind holes. The length direction of the spring is parallel to the axis of the blind hole. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the inner end face of the blind hole, and the other end is fixedly connected to the retaining ball; the elastic shaft has a locking hole through its length direction. The locking hole communicates with the through hole, and the through hole disconnects the locking hole. The retaining balls on the mounting post are respectively locked with the locking holes on both sides of the mounting post.

[0007] As a further technical solution, a protective plate is provided on the end face of the mounting column, and the protective plate is located directly above the strain gauge.

[0008] As a further technical solution, the protective plate has symmetrical vertical plates on both sides, the vertical plates are perpendicular to the protective plate and are integrally formed with the protective plate, and a circular snap-fit ​​connector is fixed at the end of the vertical plate away from the protective plate, the snap-fit ​​connector being plate-shaped; two built-in grooves are symmetrically provided on the end face of the mounting column, the two built-in grooves being located at both ends of the strain gauge, and elastic snap-fit ​​members are provided in the built-in grooves, the snap-fit ​​members having circular snap-fit ​​grooves, the top of the snap-fit ​​grooves having openings; the snap-fit ​​connectors snap into the snap-fit ​​grooves.

[0009] As a further technical solution, one end of the groove of the elastic shaft is provided with an end cap for sealing the groove, a sealing ring is provided between the end cap and the end of the groove, and the end cap and the end of the groove are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0010] As a further technical solution, the interior of the elastic shaft is provided with a wiring channel along its length, one end of the wiring channel is connected to the groove and the other end is connected to the through hole; the end cap is provided with a wiring connector.

[0011] As a further technical solution, an annular groove is formed on the outer wall of the elastic shaft along its circumference; both ends of the through hole are located in the annular groove; both ends of the through hole are provided with plugs, and the plugs are interference-fitted with the through hole.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0013] 1. This utility model has a simple structure. By integrating an accelerometer and a gyroscope in the non-stressed area of ​​the elastic shaft, the accelerometer can measure the component of gravitational acceleration and calculate the static tilt angle of the fuselage, while the gyroscope can sense the angular velocity of the equipment's rotation and compensate for errors caused by dynamic attitude changes. The combination of these two components allows for real-time monitoring of the fuselage's attitude. Furthermore, by combining the data from both with the data from the full-bridge measurement circuit, the actual safe load under different fuselage attitudes can be determined, making the measurement more comprehensive and accurate.

[0014] 2. In this application, by setting a mounting post inside the elastic shaft, during production, the strain gauge can be first glued to the end face of the mounting post, and then the mounting post is inserted into the through hole and interference-fitted with the through hole. This makes the application of the strain gauge more convenient, the application process more visible, and easier to operate, while avoiding misalignment, weak adhesion, or unevenness. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a detailed internal view of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of part A in the image;

[0019] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the mounting column in the three-dimensional structure of this utility model.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0021] 1. Elastic shaft; 2. Groove; 3. Gyroscope; 4. Accelerometer; 5. Through hole; 6. Mounting post; 7. End face; 8. Strain gauge; 9. Blind hole; 10. Spring; 11. Ball retainer; 12. Snap-fit ​​hole; 13. Protective plate; 14. Vertical plate; 15. Snap-fit ​​connector; 16. Internal groove; 17. Snap-fit ​​component; 18. Opening; 19. End cap; 20. Wiring channel; 21. Line connector; 22. Snap-fit ​​ring; 23. Positioning groove; 24. Annular groove; 25. Plug; 26. Snap-fit ​​groove. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0023] like Figures 1-2 As shown, this utility model proposes a pin-type force sensor for a side-discharge rock-loading machine, comprising: an elastic shaft 1, with a groove 2 at one end along its length, in which a gyroscope 3 and an accelerometer 4 are disposed. Additionally, an end cap 19 for sealing the groove 2 is provided at the end of the elastic shaft 1 where the groove 2 is located. A sealing ring (not shown in the figure) is provided between the end cap 19 and the end of the groove 2, and the end cap 19 and the end of the groove 2 are fixedly connected by bolts. A snap-fit ​​ring 22 integrally formed with the elastic shaft 1 is provided at one end of the elastic shaft 1 where the groove 2 is located, and a positioning groove 23 for fixing the pin position is provided on the side wall of the other end. The snap-fit ​​ring 22 and the positioning groove 23 are used to fix the pin-type force sensor during actual use.

[0024] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the elastic shaft 1 has a through hole 5 extending through the elastic shaft 1, and the axial direction of the through hole 5 is perpendicular to the length direction of the elastic shaft 1. This application also includes a mounting post 6, which is disposed in the through hole 5. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the mounting post 6 is a hollow structure, with one end open and the other end having a closed end face 7 on which a strain gauge 8 is mounted. The mounting post 6 is coaxially aligned with the through hole 5, and the mounting post 6 and the through hole 5 are interference-fitted. In this application, the axial length of the mounting post 6 is less than the diameter of the elastic shaft 1. During production, the strain gauge 8 can be first glued to the end face 7 of the mounting post 6, and then the mounting post 6 can be inserted into the through hole 5 and interference-fitted with the through hole 5. This makes the gluing of the strain gauge 8 more convenient, and the gluing process is more visible and easier to operate, while avoiding misalignment, weak adhesion, unevenness, or other problems.

[0025] In addition, such as Figure 1As shown, blind holes 9 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the outer wall of the mounting post 6. A spring 10 and a retaining ball 11 are provided in each blind hole 9. The length direction of the spring 10 is parallel to the axial direction of the blind hole 9. One end of the spring 10 is fixedly connected to the inner end face 7 of the blind hole 9, and the other end is fixedly connected to the retaining ball 11. A retaining hole 12 is provided through the elastic shaft 1 along its length direction. The retaining hole 12 communicates with the through hole 5, and the through hole 5 disconnects the retaining hole 12. The retaining balls 11 on the mounting post 6 engage with the retaining holes 12 on both sides of the mounting post 6. When the mounting post 6 is inserted into the through hole 5, the retaining ball 11 retracts into the blind hole 9. When the mounting post 6 is fully inserted into the through hole 5, and the blind hole 9 and the retaining hole 12 are relatively connected, the retaining ball 11 is ejected under the action of the spring 10 and engages in the retaining hole 12. This further ensures the stability of the connection between the mounting post 6 and the through hole 5. To avoid vibrations during the operation of the side-loading rock-loading vehicle and prolonged use, which could cause the mounting column 6 and the through hole 5 to become loose, misaligned, or detached. Additionally, the snap-fit ​​hole 12 is located below the central axis of the elastic shaft 1. After the mounting column 6 is snapped into the snap-fit ​​hole 12, the strain gauge 8 on the mounting column 6 is positioned at the central axis of the elastic shaft 1.

[0026] In this application, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, plugs 25 can be provided at both ends of the through hole 5, and the plugs 25 are interference-fitted with the through hole 5. The plugs 25 can seal the through hole 5 and at the same time protect the strain gauge 8 on the mounting column 6.

[0027] In addition, a protective plate 13 is provided on the end face 7 of the mounting column 6 in this application, and the protective plate 13 is located directly above the strain gauge 8. The protective plate 13 provides further protection for the strain gauge 8. Even if the plug 25 is lost, the strain gauge 8 will not be directly exposed in the through hole 5. Furthermore, the protective plate 13 in this application is a detachable structure, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, vertical plates 14 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the protective plate 13. The vertical plates 14 are perpendicular to the protective plate 13 and are integrally formed with the protective plate 13. A circular snap-fit ​​connector 15 is fixedly provided at the end of the vertical plate 14 away from the protective plate 13. The snap-fit ​​connector 15 is plate-shaped. Two built-in grooves 16 are symmetrically arranged on the end face 7 of the mounting column 6. The two built-in grooves 16 are located at both ends of the strain gauge 8. An elastic snap-fit ​​member 17 is fixedly provided in the built-in groove 16. The snap-fit ​​member 17 has a circular snap-fit ​​groove 26. The top of the snap-fit ​​groove 26 has an opening 18. The snap-fit ​​connector 15 snaps into the snap-fit ​​groove 26. In this application, the protective plate 13 not only protects the strain gauge 8, but also has a detachable structure, which facilitates the pasting of the strain gauge 8.

[0028] like Figure 2As shown, in this application, the elastic shaft 1 has a wiring channel 20 along its length. One end of the wiring channel 20 communicates with the groove 2, and the other end communicates with the through hole 5; and the end cap 19 is provided with a wire connector 21. In this application, the wiring channel 20 can be used to thread and organize the wires of the full-bridge measurement circuit composed of strain gauges 8. The use of strain gauges 8 to form a full-bridge measurement circuit is prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, in this application, an annular groove 24 is provided on the outer wall of the elastic shaft 1 along its circumference; both ends of the through hole 5 are located in the annular groove 24; the annular groove 24 can reduce the diameter of the elastic shaft 1 at the through hole 5, making the elastic shaft 1 more prone to deformation, thereby causing the mounting column 6 to deform to a certain extent, further increasing the strain of the mounting column 6, and thus improving the measurement accuracy of the pin-type force sensor.

[0030] In this embodiment, two annular grooves 24 are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the elastic shaft 1, and each annular groove 24 has a through hole 5. Each through hole 5 has a mounting post 6 for attaching the strain gauge 8. Figure 2 As shown, the wiring channel 20 passes through two through holes 5. Both through holes 5 disconnect the snap-fit ​​holes 12 so that the snap balls 11 on the two mounting posts 6 can be disconnected from the snap-fit ​​holes 12.

[0031] In this application, both the elastic shaft 1 and the mounting column 6 are made of high-strength alloy materials to ensure that the normal operation of the equipment is not affected when subjected to huge loads. Furthermore, the annular groove 24 and the mounting column 6 are located in the stress-sensitive area of ​​the elastic shaft 1. A full-bridge measurement circuit is formed by attaching high-precision strain gauges 8 to the mounting column 6. When the elastic shaft 1 is subjected to a load, the strain gauges 8 deform with the elastic shaft 1, generating a change in resistance. The weak signal is converted into an electrical signal proportional to the load force through a signal conditioning circuit, allowing real-time monitoring of the force values ​​in the vertical direction (e.g., bucket lifting force) and the horizontal direction (e.g., bucket digging resistance). Additionally, this application includes a high-precision accelerometer 4 and a gyroscope 3, integrated into the groove 2 at the end of the elastic shaft 1, i.e., the non-stressed area of ​​the elastic shaft 1. The accelerometer 4 is used to measure the gravitational acceleration component and calculate the static tilt angle of the equipment. The gyroscope 3 is used to sense the rotational angular velocity of the equipment and compensate for dynamic attitude change errors. After data fusion, the pitch angle (forward and backward tilt) and roll angle (left and right tilt) of the side-loading rock machine can be output in real time with an accuracy of ±0.1 degrees. The method of using accelerometers and gyroscopes to measure the body tilt angle and sensing the rotational angular velocity of the equipment is existing technology, and the method of calculating the pitch angle and roll angle of the side-loading rock machine using the data measured by the two is also existing technology.

[0032] Additionally, this application may also install a microprocessor (MCU) and signal conversion circuit on the side-loading rock-loading machine. The accelerometer 4, gyroscope 3, and full-bridge measurement circuit are electrically connected to the microprocessor. The microprocessor receives data from the accelerometer 4, gyroscope 3, and full-bridge measurement circuit, and performs fusion analysis, such as correlating force values ​​with tilt angles to determine the actual safe load under different attitudes. The processed data is then converted into a 4-20mA analog signal, RS485 digital signal, or CANopen bus signal via the signal conversion circuit, which can be directly connected to the rock-loading machine's onboard control system (such as an instrument panel alarm device) or an underground remote monitoring platform. The control and signal transmission parts of the aforementioned microprocessor (MCU) and signal conversion circuit utilize existing technology.

[0033] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A pin-type force sensor for a side-discharge rock-loading machine, characterized in that, include: The system comprises an elastic shaft and a mounting post. One end of the elastic shaft has a groove containing a gyroscope and an accelerometer. A through-hole extends through the elastic shaft, with its axial direction perpendicular to the shaft's length. The mounting post, a hollow structure, is located within the through-hole. One end of the mounting post is open, while the other end has a closed end face with a strain gauge. The mounting post is coaxial with the through-hole and is interference-fitted with it. Symmetrical blind holes are provided on both sides of the outer wall of the mounting post, each containing a spring and a retaining ball. The spring's length is parallel to the axis of the blind hole, with one end fixedly connected to the inner end face of the blind hole and the other end fixedly connected to the retaining ball. A locking hole extends through the elastic shaft along its length, communicating with the through-hole, which in turn disconnects it. The retaining balls on the mounting post engage with the locking holes on both sides of the mounting post.

2. A pin-type force sensor for a side-discharge rock-loading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, A protective plate is provided on the end face of the mounting column, and the protective plate is located directly above the strain gauge.

3. A pin-type force sensor for a side-discharge rock-loading machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protective plate has symmetrical vertical plates on both sides, which are perpendicular to the protective plate and integrally formed with it. A circular snap-fit ​​connector is fixed at the end of the vertical plate away from the protective plate. The snap-fit ​​connector is plate-shaped. Two built-in grooves are symmetrically provided on the end face of the mounting column. The two built-in grooves are located at both ends of the strain gauge. An elastic snap-fit ​​element is provided in the built-in groove. The snap-fit ​​element has a circular snap-fit ​​groove. The top of the snap-fit ​​groove has an opening. The snap-fit ​​connector snaps into the snap-fit ​​groove.

4. A pin-type force sensor for a side-discharge rock-loading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic shaft has an end cap for sealing the groove at one end, and a sealing ring is provided between the end cap and the end of the groove. The end cap and the end of the groove are fixedly connected by bolts. The end cap is provided with a wiring connector.

5. A pin-type force sensor for a side-discharge rock-loading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic shaft has a wiring channel along its length inside, with one end of the wiring channel communicating with a groove and the other end communicating with a through hole.

6. A pin-type force sensor for a side-discharge rock-loading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, An annular groove is formed on the outer wall of the elastic shaft along its circumference; both ends of the through hole are located in the annular groove; both ends of the through hole are provided with plugs, and the plugs are interference-fitted with the through hole.

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