Integrated sodium-salt battery energy storage control and safety protection device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an integrated sodium salt battery energy storage control and safety protection device, be applied to three cabin formula energy storage cabin, and energy storage cabin includes battery cabin, electrical cabin and control cabin. Integrated sodium salt battery energy storage control and safety protection device includes: energy management unit is arranged in control cabin, is provided with first communication interface and second communication interface, and inside solidification has energy management procedure, a plurality of battery management units are arranged in battery cabin, every battery management unit is connected with a sodium salt battery package corresponding, and every battery management unit is provided with third communication interface, third communication interface connects first communication interface, bidirectional energy storage converter is arranged in electrical cabin, and its direct current side is connected with sodium salt battery package through direct current bus, and alternating current side is used for connecting alternating current power grid, and bidirectional energy storage converter is equipped with the fourth communication interface of second communication interface connection, security guarantee module is arranged in electrical cabin and includes fire detector and fire extinguishing device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to an integrated sodium salt battery energy storage control and safety protection device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, especially the large-scale grid connection of renewable energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaics, the demand for large-scale energy storage technology in the power system is becoming increasingly urgent. Large-scale energy storage technology, as a key support for regulating the balance of power grid supply and demand, improving energy utilization efficiency, and ensuring stable system operation, is receiving widespread attention. Sodium-ion batteries, due to their abundant raw material resources, low cost, and excellent performance under high and low temperature environments, have significant advantages and broad development prospects in MW-level energy storage applications.

[0003] However, the control and safety protection technologies of existing energy storage systems still have the following problems: First, the hardware integration is low. Most existing control systems are split designs of "master controller + slave controller + PDU + equalization module". There are many high-voltage harnesses and signal harnesses, the wiring is complicated, and there are many connectors. They are prone to loosening under vibration conditions, which reduces the reliability of the system. Second, the safety management system is complex. Existing battery systems need to be equipped with active heat dissipation or liquid cooling systems and complex fire extinguishing devices during charging and discharging, resulting in a bloated overall system architecture.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, it is necessary to develop an integrated control and safety protection device tailored to the characteristics of sodium-ion batteries. This device would fully leverage the inherent safety advantages of sodium-ion batteries while simultaneously integrating the control architecture and simplifying and optimizing safety protection. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an integrated sodium salt battery energy storage control and safety protection device. Through a two-level control architecture and a safety strategy based on the characteristics of sodium salt, it achieves integrated control, simplified wiring, and optimized fire protection.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An integrated sodium salt battery energy storage control and safety protection device is applied in a three-compartment energy storage compartment, wherein the energy storage compartment includes a battery compartment, an electrical compartment, and a control compartment separated by physical partitions, comprising:

[0008] An energy management unit is located inside the control cabin; the energy management unit is equipped with a first communication interface and a second communication interface, and has an energy management program embedded inside;

[0009] Multiple battery management units are disposed within the battery compartment; each battery management unit is connected to a corresponding sodium salt battery pack, and each battery management unit is provided with a third communication interface; the third communication interface is connected to the first communication interface;

[0010] A bidirectional energy storage converter is installed in the electrical compartment; the DC side of the bidirectional energy storage converter is connected to the sodium salt battery pack via a DC bus, and the AC side is used to connect to the AC power grid; the bidirectional energy storage converter is provided with a fourth communication interface, which is connected to the second communication interface;

[0011] The safety protection module, located in the electrical compartment, includes fire detectors and fire extinguishing devices.

[0012] The energy management unit is also equipped with a wireless communication module or a wired network interface for connecting to a remote platform or station control layer.

[0013] Both the first communication interface and the third communication interface are CAN interfaces. The energy management unit is connected to multiple battery management units via the CAN bus. The energy management unit collects battery data uploaded by the battery management units via the CAN bus and sends control signals to the battery management units via the CAN bus to control the on / off state of the contactors inside the battery management units.

[0014] The CAN bus connects each battery management unit in a daisy-chain configuration.

[0015] Both the second and fourth communication interfaces are Ethernet interfaces, and the energy management unit is connected to the bidirectional energy storage converter via an Ethernet cable.

[0016] The safety protection module also includes a pressure relief valve and multiple dry contact interfaces. The pressure relief valve is located on the door of the control compartment, and the dry contact interfaces are located inside the control compartment. The dry contact interfaces are used to connect to external fire signals or linkage equipment.

[0017] The integrated sodium salt battery energy storage control and safety protection device also includes an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), which is electrically connected to the energy management unit and the bidirectional energy storage converter, and is used to maintain system control and safety monitoring functions when the main power is interrupted.

[0018] The battery compartment has a structure without fire extinguishing devices.

[0019] The energy management unit is also connected to an electricity meter and an anti-backflow meter, which are used to collect electricity consumption data and implement anti-backflow control function.

[0020] The safety protection module also includes a fire control panel and a fire alarm; the fire control panel is electrically connected to the fire detector, the fire extinguishing device and the fire alarm, and is used to receive fire alarm signals and control the fire extinguishing device to start and the fire alarm to activate.

[0021] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0022] To address the problems of complex wiring, numerous connectors, and low reliability in existing split control systems (master controller + slave controller + PDU + equalization module), this utility model adopts an integrated design, connecting the energy management unit (EMU) and multiple battery management units (DBMS) via a CAN bus to form a two-level control architecture. This significantly simplifies internal wiring connections, reduces the number of connectors, decreases the volume and weight occupied, and improves the system's reliability and electromagnetic interference resistance in vibration environments.

[0023] To address the issue that existing energy storage systems require complex safety modules such as liquid cooling, fans, and perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing devices, this invention, based on the intrinsic safety and high-temperature chemical characteristics of sodium salt batteries (which pose no risk of fire or explosion), only requires a fire extinguishing device in the electrical compartment. The battery compartment does not need an active cooling device or a fire extinguishing device. The overall protection architecture is significantly optimized and simplified, reducing system complexity and cost, and optimizing the size.

[0024] Furthermore, this utility model optimizes the communication topology through CAN bus interconnection and meets the requirements for high-bandwidth control command issuance through Ethernet; it forms a complete safety protection system through the coordinated configuration of components such as dry contact interface, pressure relief valve, fire control panel, and fire alarm; and it realizes remote monitoring, power statistics and anti-backflow control functions through the configuration of wireless communication module, power meter and anti-backflow meter, meeting the multi-scenario application needs of industrial and commercial energy storage. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a front view of a three-compartment energy storage module;

[0026] Figure 2 An overall structural diagram of an integrated sodium salt battery energy storage control and installation protection device provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 A communication architecture block diagram of an integrated sodium salt battery energy storage control and safety protection device provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 The main circuit wiring diagram of an integrated sodium salt battery energy storage control and installation protection device provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 5A schematic diagram of the front-end fire protection architecture of an integrated sodium salt battery energy storage control and safety protection device provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0030] In the attached figures, the following labels are used:

[0031] 10-Integrated cabin;

[0032] 100 - Cabin door;

[0033] 101 - Heat dissipation window;

[0034] 11-Battery compartment;

[0035] 110-battery pack;

[0036] 12-Electrical compartment;

[0037] 120-Combiner Box;

[0038] 121 - Combiner Cabinet;

[0039] 13-Control Cabin;

[0040] 130 - Control hatch;

[0041] 20 - Energy Management Unit;

[0042] 200 - First communication interface;

[0043] 201 - Second communication interface;

[0044] 202 - Wired network interface;

[0045] 21-Battery Management Unit;

[0046] 210 - Third communication interface;

[0047] 22-Bidirectional energy storage converter;

[0048] 220 - Fourth communication interface;

[0049] 23-Security module;

[0050] 230 - Fire detector;

[0051] 2300-Temperature Detector;

[0052] 2301 - Smoke Detector;

[0053] 231 - Fire extinguishing equipment;

[0054] 232-Fire control panel;

[0055] 233 - Fire alarm;

[0056] 234 - Pressure relief valve;

[0057] 235-Dry Contact Interface;

[0058] 24-hour uninterruptible power supply;

[0059] 25-Touch control screen;

[0060] 26-Data Acquisition and Control Unit;

[0061] 27 - Surge protector;

[0062] 3- Remote platform;

[0063] 4-Station control layer;

[0064] 5. Power grid. Detailed Implementation

[0065] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0066] The integrated sodium salt battery energy storage control and safety protection device of this utility model is applied to a three-compartment energy storage compartment, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the energy storage module includes an integrated module 10. The interior of the integrated module 10 is divided into three independent compartments by physical partitions: a battery compartment 11, an electrical compartment 12, and a control compartment 13. A module door 100 is provided on the front side of the integrated module 10, and the module door 100 is provided with a heat dissipation window 101.

[0067] The integrated sodium salt battery energy storage control and safety protection device of this utility model is installed in the above-mentioned energy storage chamber. Its specific structure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0068] like Figure 2 As shown, the integrated sodium salt battery energy storage control and safety protection device of this utility model includes an energy management unit (EMU) 20, multiple battery management units (DBMS) 21, a bidirectional energy storage converter (PCS) 22, a safety protection module 23, an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) 24, and a touch control screen 25.

[0069] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the integrated sodium salt battery energy storage control and safety protection device in this embodiment adopts a two-level control architecture:

[0070] The first level is the Energy Management Unit (EMU) 20, located within the control compartment 13. The EMU 20 is an independent box structure and serves as the core hardware device (i.e., centralized control hardware device) of the Energy Management System (EMS). The EMU 20 contains embedded energy management software (not shown in the figure) and is equipped with a first communication interface 200 and a second communication interface 201. The EMU 20 communicates with multiple battery management units 21 via the first communication interface 200 and with the bidirectional energy storage converter 22 via the second communication interface 201.

[0071] The energy management unit 20 is also equipped with a wireless communication module (such as a 4G network card) or a wired network interface 202 (such as a LAN interface). Through the wireless communication module, the energy management unit 20 connects to the remote platform 3 (i.e., the cloud) to upload operational data, enable cloud-edge interaction, and remote monitoring. Through the wired network interface 202, the energy management unit 20 connects to the station control layer 4 (i.e., the local monitoring backend / EMS platform) in the monitoring room to achieve centralized local monitoring and data exchange. Simultaneously, the energy management unit 20 can communicate with the main control unit of the battery management system (BMS) (not shown in the figure) to obtain the operating status information of the battery clusters. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the energy management unit 20 is connected to the monitoring backend (station control layer 4) via LAN and to the remote platform 3 via 4G network card.

[0072] The energy management unit 20 is also connected to an electricity meter and a backflow prevention meter (not shown in the figure) to collect electricity consumption data and implement backflow prevention control functions, meeting the application needs of demand response and peak-valley arbitrage in industrial and commercial energy storage scenarios.

[0073] The second level consists of multiple battery management units 21, which are located within the battery compartment 11. Each battery management unit 21 is connected to a corresponding battery pack 110 (a sodium salt battery pack in this embodiment). Each battery management unit 21 is provided with an independent third communication interface 210, which is connected to the first communication interface 200 of the energy management unit 20.

[0074] Preferably, the first communication interface 200 and the third communication interface 210 are both CAN interfaces, for example. Figure 3 As shown, the Energy Management Unit (EMU) 20 is connected to multiple Battery Management Units 21 via a CAN bus. The CAN bus uses a daisy-chain connection for each Battery Management Unit 21. Each Battery Management Unit 21 is connected to a corresponding battery pack 110 for collecting voltage and temperature data of the cells within the battery pack.

[0075] The energy management unit 20 collects battery data (such as cell voltage, temperature, etc.) uploaded by each battery management unit 21 via the CAN bus, and sends control signals to the battery management unit 21 via the same CAN bus to control the coil of the contactor (not shown in the figure) inside the battery management unit 21 to be energized or de-energized, thereby realizing the charging and discharging management of the battery pack 110.

[0076] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 As shown, the main circuit wiring of the integrated sodium salt battery energy storage control and safety protection device includes the following connection relationships:

[0077] Ten battery packs 110 are connected to the input of a DC combiner box 120 in the electrical compartment 12 via DC cables. The combiner box 120 contains a DC busbar (not shown) to connect the DC outputs of the ten battery packs in parallel. The combiner box 120 also contains a fuse FU and a DC circuit breaker QF1. The fuse FU serves as a short-circuit protection element on the DC side, while the DC circuit breaker QF1 is used for circuit on / off control and overload protection, forming a dual protection configuration. The output of the combiner box 120 is connected to the DC side of a bidirectional energy storage converter (PCS) 22 via a DC bus.

[0078] The AC side of the bidirectional energy storage converter 22 is connected to the AC combiner cabinet 121 via the AC circuit breaker QF2. The combiner cabinet 121 is equipped with an AC circuit breaker and an AC busbar (not shown in the figure) to collect the AC power output from the bidirectional energy storage converter 22 and connect it to the AC 380V power grid (e.g., ...). Figure 2 (5) power grid.

[0079] like Figure 2 A surge protector (SPD) 27 is installed between the AC side of the bidirectional energy storage converter 22 and the power grid 5 to suppress overvoltage surges on the power grid side.

[0080] Please continue reading. Figure 2 The bidirectional energy storage converter 22 is located inside the electrical compartment 12 and is equipped with a fourth communication interface 220, which is connected to the second communication interface 201 of the energy management unit 20.

[0081] Preferably, both the second communication interface 201 and the fourth communication interface 220 are Ethernet interfaces. The energy management unit 20 is connected to the bidirectional energy storage converter 22 via an Ethernet cable and is used to send charging and discharging control commands to the bidirectional energy storage converter 22.

[0082] Safety module 23 is located in electrical compartment 12 and includes fire detector 230, fire extinguishing device 231, fire control panel 232, fire alarm 233, pressure relief valve 234, and multiple dry contact interfaces. Figure 2Only one dry contact interface 235 is shown in the figure.

[0083] Continue reading Figure 5 The fire detector 230 includes a wired heat detector 2300 and a wired smoke detector 2301, for example, installed on the top of the electrical compartment 12. The heat detector 2300 and the smoke detector 2301 are connected via dry contacts to the data acquisition and control unit 26 (e.g., a data acquisition and control module with an I0606 interface) located in the control compartment 13, and transmit alarm signals to the data acquisition and control unit 26.

[0084] The data acquisition and control unit 26 communicates with the energy management unit (EMU) 20 located in the control cabin 13 via the CAN bus, uploads the acquired detector status information to the energy management unit 20, and receives control commands issued by the energy management unit 20.

[0085] A wet contact and a dry contact are provided between the data acquisition and control unit 26 and the pressure relief valve 234 installed on the control door 130. The wet contact provides power to the pressure relief valve 234 to control its opening; the dry contact receives status feedback signals from the pressure relief valve 234 (such as its fully open state) or is used for signal linkage with an external fire protection system. When the fire detector 230 triggers an alarm and reaches a set threshold, the energy management unit 20 sends a control command to the data acquisition and control unit 26 via the CAN bus. The data acquisition and control unit 26 then drives the pressure relief valve 234 to open via the wet contact and receives valve status feedback via the dry contact.

[0086] The data acquisition and control unit 26 is also equipped with multiple dry contact interfaces. Figure 2 Only one dry contact interface 235 is shown in the figure, which is used to connect external fire signal or linkage equipment to realize signal interaction with other fire protection systems.

[0087] The fire alarm control panel 232 is electrically connected to the fire detector 230, the fire extinguishing device 231, and the fire alarm 233, and is used to receive fire alarm signals and control the activation of the fire extinguishing device and the operation of the fire alarm. The fire alarm control panel 232 is also communicatively connected to the energy management unit 20 to achieve information exchange.

[0088] The integrated sodium salt battery energy storage control and safety device of this invention uses sodium salt solid-state batteries, which have intrinsic safety and no risk of fire or explosion. Therefore, there is no need to install active cooling devices (such as fans or liquid cooling systems) and fire extinguishing devices in the battery compartment 11. The safety protection module 23 is only installed in the electrical compartment 12 to prevent the risk of fire that may occur to electrical equipment.

[0089] An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) 24 is installed in the control compartment 13. The UPS 24 is electrically connected to core electrical equipment such as the energy management unit 20, the bidirectional energy storage converter 22, the data acquisition and control unit 26, and the touch control screen 25. It is used to maintain system control and safety monitoring functions when the main power is interrupted.

[0090] The touch control panel 25 is located inside the control compartment 13. As a local human-machine interface, the touch control panel 25 supports operations such as parameter setting, status viewing, and fault diagnosis by maintenance personnel. Specifically, maintenance personnel can view the real-time operating status of the energy storage system (including battery voltage, temperature, SOC, PCS power, etc.) through the touch control panel 25, and can manually set charging and discharging parameters or perform emergency shutdown operations. The touch control panel 25 is equipped with multiple Ethernet interfaces (not shown in the figure), which can interact with the equipment in the station control layer 4, the energy management unit 20, and the bidirectional energy storage converter 22 using the MODBUS-TCP communication protocol.

[0091] The touch control screen 25 is communicatively connected to the energy management unit 20, and is used to receive, display, and statistically analyze the electricity meter and anti-reverse current meter data collected by the energy management unit 20. Maintenance personnel can view electricity consumption data and set anti-reverse current parameters through the touch control screen 25, realizing human-machine interaction for anti-reverse current control functions and meeting the application needs of demand response and peak-valley arbitrage in industrial and commercial energy storage scenarios.

[0092] The working principle of this integrated sodium salt battery control and safety protection device is as follows:

[0093] During normal operation, the energy management unit 20 collects battery data uploaded by each battery management unit 21 via the CAN bus, calculates the SOC, SOH, and other states of the battery clusters, executes balancing strategies and fault diagnosis, and controls the on / off switching of contactors inside the battery management unit 21 via the CAN bus. Based on the battery status and scheduling instructions, the energy management unit 20 sends charging and discharging control commands to the bidirectional energy storage converter 22 via Ethernet, and the bidirectional energy storage converter 22 performs the corresponding power conversion.

[0094] When the fire detector 230 triggers an alarm, the alarm signal is transmitted to the energy management unit 20 via a dry contact, and the energy management unit 20 is linked with the fire alarm control panel 232. When the alarm value reaches the set threshold, the fire alarm control panel 232 activates the fire extinguishing device 231, and at the same time, the energy management unit 20 controls the pressure relief valve 234 to open, and the fire alarm 233 emits an audible and visual alarm.

[0095] When the main power is interrupted, the uninterruptible power supply 24 automatically switches to provide backup power for the energy management unit 20, bidirectional energy storage converter 22, etc., to ensure that the system control and safety monitoring functions are not interrupted.

[0096] The energy management unit 20 uploads operational data to the cloud platform via a 4G network or wired network to achieve remote monitoring; at the same time, it connects to the EMS platform in the monitoring room via a network cable to achieve local centralized monitoring and data interaction.

[0097] This utility model of an integrated sodium salt battery control and safety protection device achieves integrated control, simplified wiring, and optimized fire protection through a two-level control architecture, a safety strategy based on the characteristics of sodium salt, and the integration of multiple functional modules. It can be widely used in various scenarios such as industrial and commercial energy storage and grid-side energy storage.

Claims

1. An integrated sodium salt battery energy storage control and safety protection device, applied in a three-compartment energy storage compartment, wherein the energy storage compartment includes a battery compartment, an electrical compartment, and a control compartment separated by physical partitions, characterized in that, include: An energy management unit is located within the control cabin; The energy management unit is equipped with a first communication interface and a second communication interface, and has an energy management program embedded inside. Multiple battery management units are disposed within the battery compartment; each battery management unit is connected to a corresponding sodium salt battery pack, and each battery management unit is provided with a third communication interface; the third communication interface is connected to the first communication interface; A bidirectional energy storage converter is installed in the electrical compartment; the DC side of the bidirectional energy storage converter is connected to the sodium salt battery pack via a DC bus, and the AC side is used to connect to the AC power grid; the bidirectional energy storage converter is provided with a fourth communication interface, which is connected to the second communication interface; The safety protection module, located in the electrical compartment, includes fire detectors and fire extinguishing devices.

2. The integrated sodium salt battery energy storage control and safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy management unit is also equipped with a wireless communication module or a wired network interface for connecting to a remote platform or station control layer.

3. The integrated sodium salt battery energy storage control and safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first communication interface and the third communication interface are CAN interfaces. The energy management unit is connected to multiple battery management units via the CAN bus. The energy management unit collects battery data uploaded by the battery management units via the CAN bus and sends control signals to the battery management units via the CAN bus to control the on / off state of the contactors inside the battery management units.

4. The integrated sodium salt battery energy storage control and safety protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The CAN bus connects each battery management unit in a daisy-chain configuration.

5. The integrated sodium salt battery energy storage control and safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the second and fourth communication interfaces are Ethernet interfaces, and the energy management unit is connected to the bidirectional energy storage converter via an Ethernet cable.

6. The integrated sodium salt battery energy storage control and safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The safety protection module also includes a pressure relief valve and multiple dry contact interfaces. The pressure relief valve is located on the door of the control compartment, and the dry contact interfaces are located inside the control compartment. The dry contact interfaces are used to connect to external fire signals or linkage equipment.

7. The integrated sodium salt battery energy storage control and safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), which is electrically connected to the energy management unit and the bidirectional energy storage converter, and is used to maintain system control and safety monitoring functions when the main power is interrupted.

8. The integrated sodium salt battery energy storage control and safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery compartment has a structure without fire extinguishing devices.

9. The integrated sodium salt battery energy storage control and safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy management unit is also connected to an electricity meter and an anti-backflow meter, which are used to collect electricity consumption data and implement anti-backflow control function.

10. The integrated sodium salt battery energy storage control and safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The safety protection module also includes a fire control panel and a fire alarm; the fire control panel is electrically connected to the fire detector, the fire extinguishing device and the fire alarm, and is used to receive fire alarm signals and control the fire extinguishing device to start and the fire alarm to activate.

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