Low angle off-row ear head harvesting header
By designing a low-angle, non-row-aligned ear-harvesting header, and adopting a small-spacing ear-picking mechanism and a low-inclination design, the harvesting difficulties of corn harvesters under different planting row spacings and ground conditions have been solved, achieving high-efficiency ear harvesting and smooth conveying.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- YONGMENG MACHINERY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-12
Smart Images
Figure CN224343866U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of corn harvesters and relates to a low-angle, non-row-aligned ear harvesting header. Background Technology
[0002] A corn harvester is an agricultural machine used to pick and harvest corn ears. It uses a corn ear header located at the front of the machine to harvest the ears from the corn stalks and transport the harvested ears to a large elevator. Currently, to increase income and production, farmers generally face the problem of inconsistent row spacing in corn planting. This severely limits the harvesting capabilities of existing headers, making it unsuitable for the currently promoted techniques of dense row spacing or double-row planting on wide ridges. Furthermore, existing corn ear harvesting headers have large cutting angles, making them unsuitable for different ear heights, and the steep angles prevent harvesting lodged corn, resulting in high ear loss rates. Utility Model Content
[0003] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a low-angle, non-row-aligned ear harvesting header.
[0004] The above-mentioned objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:
[0005] A low-angle, non-row-aligned ear-harvesting header includes a header frame, a front ear-picking mechanism, a middle conveying auger, and a rear ear-conveying mechanism.
[0006] The header frame includes a left auger mounting plate, a right auger mounting plate, a picking mechanism fixing beam, a fruit ear conveyor mechanism mounting frame, a header mounting bracket, and a hydraulic cylinder fixing bracket. Auger mounting holes are provided opposite to each other on the left and right auger mounting plates. The left and right auger mounting plates are connected at their lower front ends by the picking mechanism fixing beam. The fruit ear conveyor mechanism mounting frame consists of a base plate and a back plate. Both ends of the base plate and the back plate are fixed to the inner walls of the left and right auger mounting plates, and a discharge port is provided in the middle of the base plate and the back plate. The header mounting bracket is fixedly connected to... Located at the lower center of the ear conveyor mechanism mounting frame, and inclined upwards from front to back, mounting holes are coaxially provided on both sides of the upper rear end of the header attachment frame. Rotary shafts are rotatably installed in the mounting holes on both sides. The rotating shafts are installed on the shaft support at the lower end of the front axle of the corn harvester, forming the rotation center for tilt adjustment of the ear harvesting header. Two hydraulic cylinder fixing brackets are fixed on both sides of the lower back of the ear conveyor mechanism mounting frame, and inclined upwards from front to back. Hydraulic cylinder connection holes are provided at the upper rear end of the two hydraulic cylinder fixing brackets. Tilt adjustment hydraulic cylinders are connected between the hydraulic cylinder connection holes and the lower part of the front axle crossbeam of the corn harvester.
[0007] The front ear-picking mechanism adopts a small-row-spacing ear-picking mechanism with an ear-picking interval of 300mm, and the lower rear end of the front ear-picking mechanism is fixedly connected to the ear-picking mechanism fixing beam of the cutting table frame.
[0008] The intermediate conveying auger adopts an auger structure with two sections arranged in opposite directions. The two ends of the auger shaft of the intermediate conveying auger are rotatably installed in the auger mounting holes on the left and right side plates of the auger mounting, and one end of the auger shaft is the power input end.
[0009] The rear ear conveyor mechanism adopts a chain conveyor mechanism, with a feed inlet at the upper front and a discharge outlet at the rear. The rear ear conveyor mechanism is fixed at the lower rear position of the ear conveyor mechanism mounting frame and is set inside the cutter head bracket. The feed inlet of the rear ear conveyor mechanism is aligned with the discharge outlet on the ear conveyor mechanism mounting frame.
[0010] Furthermore, the front ear-picking mechanism consists of an ear-picking support, eight ear-picking units, two linked ear-picking transmission boxes, and ten sets of cutter guards. The eight ear-picking units are installed on the ear-picking support at equal intervals on the left and right, with an ear-picking distance of 300mm between adjacent ear-picking units. The two linked ear-picking transmission boxes are installed on the left and right sides at the rear of the eight ear-picking units. One linked ear-picking transmission box is driven by the four ear-picking units located on the left, and the other linked ear-picking transmission box is driven by the four ear-picking units located on the right. A set of cutter guards is installed above each ear-picking unit and on the outside of the ear-picking units on both sides. The cutter guards are fixedly connected to the ear-picking support. The cutter guards are trapezoidal covers that are wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, and the front end of the cutter guards is conical. The height of the cutter guards is 300mm. The upper ends of the cutter guards on both sides are also provided with reinforcing ribs.
[0011] Furthermore, the rear ear conveyor mechanism consists of an ear conveyor housing, an ear conveyor chain assembly, a drive shaft, and a driven shaft. The ear conveyor housing is a box-like structure with an inlet at the upper front and an outlet at the rear. The inlet has a concave arc shape at the front and an upward sloping shape at the rear. Angle plates are welded to the outer walls of both sides of the rear opening, and bolt holes are provided on the angle plates. Screws are installed in the bolt holes on the angle plates and the corresponding bolt holes on the ear conveyor mechanism mounting bracket. The rear ear conveyor mechanism is fixedly connected to the ear conveyor mechanism mounting frame by a nail; the ear conveyor chain assembly consists of left and right drive chains and multiple connecting rods arranged at equal intervals on the two drive chains; the drive shaft is rotatably supported and engaged with the lower front end of the two side walls of the ear conveyor housing through shaft supports at both ends, and the driven shaft is rotatably supported and engaged with the lower rear end of the two side walls of the ear conveyor housing through shaft supports at both ends; the ear conveyor chain assembly is connected to the drive shaft and the driven shaft respectively through the front sprocket and the rear sprocket.
[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a baffle cover for the ear of fruit; two baffle mounting plates are welded to the upper part of the back plate on both sides of the discharge port. The two baffle mounting plates are fan-shaped plates, and a central hole and multiple adjustment holes arranged around the same circumference are provided on the two baffle mounting plates. The baffle cover for the ear of fruit is a mesh cover with a frame. Two mounting holes are provided at the rear of the two side frames of the baffle cover for the ear of fruit. The rear mounting holes on both sides are fixed to the central holes on the two side baffle mounting plates by bolts. The front mounting holes on both sides can be selectively fixed to one of the adjustment holes on the two side baffle mounting plates by bolts, so that the baffle cover for the ear of fruit is fixed above the middle conveying auger at the position corresponding to the feed inlet of the rear ear conveyor mechanism.
[0013] Furthermore, the minimum tilt angle between the harvesting platform and the ground is 17°.
[0014] The advantages and positive effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0015] 1. The front ear-picking mechanism provided by this utility model arranges multiple rows of small-spaced headers through small-spaced linked ear-picking boxes, and further cooperates with the high-position header cover. Each header cover is fastened to the header support with two bolts, which avoids the shaking problem of the small-spaced header cover during the harvesting process and better realizes the non-row harvesting of corn.
[0016] 2. This utility model, through the low-angle cutting platform shell, enables the front ear-picking mechanism to harvest at a low angle and low ear height, while also solving the problem of lodged fields where ears cannot be picked up.
[0017] 3. This utility model sets up an ear lifter mechanism on the rear side of the discharge port of the ear output by the intermediate conveying auger. This can solve the problems of the low outlet of the low-angle header, which cannot be connected with the large lifter of the corn harvester behind it, or the small ground clearance caused by the large lifter not being connected to the low header outlet. Thus, the ear lifter mechanism first lifts the ear to a high position and then sends it to the chain rake of the large lifter, ultimately achieving the problem of smooth ear conveying at the low-angle header. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is an overall top view of the low-angle, non-row-aligned ear harvesting header of this utility model;
[0019] Figure 2 This utility model is a low-angle, non-row, integrated three-dimensional harvesting header for harvesting ears. Figure 1 ;
[0020] Figure 3 This utility model is a low-angle, non-row, integrated three-dimensional harvesting header for harvesting ears. Figure 2 ;
[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the header frame of the low-angle non-row ear harvesting header of this utility model;
[0022] Figure 5 This is an overall structural diagram of the front ear-picking mechanism of the low-angle, non-row ear-harvesting header of this utility model; (two header covers are removed from the diagram).
[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the front ear-picking mechanism of this utility model, showing four ear-picking units sharing one ear-picking transmission box. 6a is a top view, 6b is a front view, and 6c and 6b are partial schematic diagrams.
[0024] Figure 7 This is a structural view of the rear ear conveyor mechanism of this utility model;
[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the rear ear conveyor mechanism of this utility model on the header frame, 8a, front view; 8b, rear view;
[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the harvesting header of this utility model in a low-angle state. Detailed Implementation
[0027] The structure of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that these embodiments are descriptive and not limiting.
[0028] For a low-angle, non-row harvesting header, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1-9 The invention features a header frame 1, an intermediate conveying auger 2, a front ear-picking mechanism 3, a rear ear-conveying mechanism 4, and an ear-covering cover 5.
[0029] The header frame is used to centrally install the intermediate conveying auger, the front ear-picking mechanism, the rear ear conveyor mechanism, and the ear cover. It mainly includes the left side plate 1.1 for auger installation, the right side plate 1.7 for auger installation, the ear-picking mechanism fixing beam 1.9, the ear conveyor mechanism mounting frame, the header hanging frame 1.4, and the hydraulic cylinder fixing frame 1.6.
[0030] Auger mounting holes are provided opposite to those on the left and right sides of the auger mounting plate. The ear-picking mechanism fixing beam is laterally fixed to the lower front end of the left and right sides of the auger mounting plate. The ear conveyor mechanism mounting frame is located between the left and right sides of the auger mounting plate and is mainly composed of a base plate 1.3 and a back plate 1.2. The base plate adopts an annular curved plate structure that matches the shape of the intermediate conveying auger. The height of the base plate is higher than the height of the ear-picking mechanism fixing beam. The base plate is located on the rear side of the ear-picking mechanism fixing beam. Both ends of the base plate and both ends of the back plate are fixed to the inner walls of the left and right sides of the auger mounting plate. Multiple reinforcing ribs extending forward and backward in the left-right direction are welded to the lower ends of the base plate and the ear-picking mechanism fixing beam. Both ends of the back plate are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the left and right sides of the auger mounting plate. A discharge port 1.8 is provided in the middle of the base plate and the back plate.
[0031] The header mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the lower center of the ear conveyor mechanism mounting frame and is inclined upwards from front to back. Mounting holes are coaxially provided on both sides of the upper rear end of the header mounting bracket. A rotating shaft is rotatably installed in the mounting holes on both sides through bearings. The rotating shaft is installed on the shaft support at the lower end of the front axle of the corn harvester, forming the tilt angle adjustment rotation center 1.4.1 of the ear harvesting header.
[0032] Two cylinder mounting brackets are fixed to the two sides of the material discharge port on the back of the ear conveyor mechanism mounting frame, and are arranged at an upward inclination from front to back. A cylinder connection hole is provided at the upper rear end of the two cylinder mounting brackets for connecting to the tilt adjustment cylinder 6 of the header. The cylinder end of the tilt adjustment cylinder is connected to the lower part of the front axle crossbeam of the corn harvester. When the cylinder rod retracts, the downward tilt adjustment of the ear harvesting header can be achieved; when the cylinder rod extends, the upward tilt adjustment of the ear harvesting header can be achieved. In this invention, the downward tilt angle of the ear harvesting header can reach approximately 17° (the tilt angle of the ear harvesting header is characterized by the angle between the axial direction of the pull roller and the ground).
[0033] Two baffle mounting plates 1.5 are welded on the front of the back plate of the above-mentioned ear conveyor mechanism mounting frame, on both sides of the discharge port near the upper end. The two baffle mounting plates are fan-shaped plates, and a central hole and multiple adjustment holes are provided on the two baffle mounting plates along the same circumference around the central hole, so as to realize the adjustable fixed installation of the baffle on the ear.
[0034] The front ear-picking mechanism is a small-row-spacing ear-picking mechanism, consisting of an ear-picking support 3.1, eight ear-picking units 3.4, two linked ear-picking transmission boxes 3.3, and ten cutter guards 3.2.
[0035] The ear-picking support is located at the front of the header frame, with its lower rear end supported and fixed to the ear-picking mechanism's fixed beam. The eight ear-picking units are installed on the ear-picking support at equal intervals. Each ear-picking unit mainly consists of a stalk-pulling roller (3.4.3), an ear-picking plate (3.4.1), and a weed-clearing blade (3.4.2), similar to the ear-picking unit structure on existing corn harvesters; this is not an innovation of this invention. The ear-picking spacing between adjacent units is 300mm, achieving a small spacing. The typical row spacing for corn planting is approximately 400mm-700mm. Two linked ear-picking transmission boxes are installed at the rear of the eight ear-picking units. One linked ear-picking transmission box is connected to the four ear-picking units on the left, and the other linked ear-picking transmission box is connected to the four ear-picking units on the right. A header guard is installed above each ear-picking unit and on the outer sides of both ear-picking units. The header guard is fixedly connected to the ear-picking support. The header guard is a trapezoidal cover, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, with a conical front end. The header guard is 300mm high. Additionally, reinforcing ribs are provided at the top of the outermost header guards. This invention, employing a high header guard structure and reinforcing ribs, effectively prevents ear spillage.
[0036] The intermediate conveying auger adopts an auger structure with two sections arranged in opposite directions. The two ends of the auger shaft of the intermediate conveying auger are rotatably installed in the auger mounting holes on the left and right side plates of the auger mounting via bearing seats and bearings. One end of the auger shaft is the power input end, which is driven by the transmission system of the corn harvester.
[0037] The rear ear conveyor mechanism mainly consists of an ear conveyor housing 4.1, an ear conveyor chain assembly 4.3, a drive shaft 4.5, and a driven shaft 4.6. The ear conveyor housing is a box-like structure with an inlet 4.4 at the upper front and an outlet 4.7 at the rear. The inlet has a concave arc shape at the front and an upward sloping shape at the rear, with angle plates 4.2 welded to the outer walls of both sides of the rear opening. Bolt holes are provided on the angle plates for bolt connection to the ear conveyor mechanism mounting frame. The ear conveyor chain assembly consists of left and right drive chains and multiple connecting rods evenly spaced laterally connected to the two drive chains. The drive shaft is rotatably supported at the lower front of the two side walls of the ear conveyor housing via shaft supports at both ends. The driven shaft is rotatably supported at the lower rear of the two side walls of the ear conveyor housing via shaft supports at both ends. The ear conveyor chain assembly is connected to the drive shaft and the driven shaft via front and rear sprockets to achieve rearward conveying of the ears.
[0038] The rear ear conveyor mechanism is fixed to the lower rear of the ear conveyor mechanism mounting frame and is located inside the header mounting frame. The feed inlet of the rear ear conveyor mechanism is aligned with the discharge outlet of the ear conveyor mechanism mounting frame. The rear ear conveyor mechanism serves as a primary lifting mechanism.
[0039] The ear-mounted cover is a mesh cover with a frame. Two mounting holes are provided at the rear of each side frame of the ear-mounted cover. The rear mounting holes on both sides are fixed to the center holes on the mounting plates of the two sides using bolts. The front mounting holes on both sides can be optionally fixed to one of the adjustment holes on the mounting plates of the two sides using bolts. This fixes the ear-mounted cover above the central conveyor auger, corresponding to the feed inlet of the rear ear conveyor mechanism. This prevents the ears from flipping upwards and falling off the cutting table under the action of the central conveyor auger, ensuring that the ears pass smoothly through the feed inlet of the rear ear conveyor mechanism and fall onto the ear conveyor chain within the rear ear conveyor mechanism, thus achieving smooth rearward transport of the ears.
[0040] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:
[0041] When a corn harvester is harvesting ears, the various ear-picking units of the front ear-picking mechanism can achieve non-row ear picking and transport the ears to the middle conveyor auger. The middle conveyor auger gathers the ears towards the center and transports them to the discharge port of the ear conveyor mechanism mounting frame. The ears fall onto the ear conveyor chain assembly through the discharge port and the inlet of the rear ear conveyor mechanism. Through the operation of the ear conveyor chain assembly, the ears are transported backward and then transported to the elevator of the corn harvester through the discharge port of the rear ear conveyor mechanism, realizing smooth transportation from the header to the elevator.
[0042] Although embodiments and drawings of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will understand that various substitutions, variations and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiments and drawings.
Claims
1. A low-angle, non-row-aligned ear-harvesting header, characterized in that: It includes the header frame, the front ear-picking mechanism, the middle conveying auger, and the rear ear conveyor mechanism; The header frame includes a left auger mounting plate, a right auger mounting plate, a picking mechanism fixing beam, a fruit ear conveyor mechanism mounting frame, a header mounting bracket, and a hydraulic cylinder fixing bracket. Auger mounting holes are provided opposite to each other on the left and right auger mounting plates. The left and right auger mounting plates are connected at their lower front ends by the picking mechanism fixing beam. The fruit ear conveyor mechanism mounting frame consists of a base plate and a back plate. Both ends of the base plate and the back plate are fixed to the inner walls of the left and right auger mounting plates, and a discharge port is provided in the middle of the base plate and the back plate. The header mounting bracket is fixedly connected to... Located at the lower center of the ear conveyor mechanism mounting frame, and inclined upwards from front to back, mounting holes are coaxially provided on both sides of the upper rear end of the header attachment frame. Rotary shafts are rotatably installed in the mounting holes on both sides. The rotating shafts are installed on the shaft support at the lower end of the front axle of the corn harvester, forming the rotation center for tilt adjustment of the ear harvesting header. Two hydraulic cylinder fixing brackets are fixed on both sides of the lower back of the ear conveyor mechanism mounting frame, and inclined upwards from front to back. Hydraulic cylinder connection holes are provided at the upper rear end of the two hydraulic cylinder fixing brackets. Tilt adjustment hydraulic cylinders are connected between the hydraulic cylinder connection holes and the lower part of the front axle crossbeam of the corn harvester. The front ear-picking mechanism adopts a small-row-spacing ear-picking mechanism with an ear-picking interval of 300mm, and the lower rear end of the front ear-picking mechanism is fixedly connected to the ear-picking mechanism fixing beam of the cutting table frame. The intermediate conveying auger adopts an auger structure with two sections arranged in opposite directions. The two ends of the auger shaft of the intermediate conveying auger are rotatably installed in the auger mounting holes on the left and right side plates of the auger mounting, and one end of the auger shaft is the power input end. The rear ear conveyor mechanism adopts a chain conveyor mechanism, with a feed inlet at the upper front and a discharge outlet at the rear. The rear ear conveyor mechanism is fixed at the lower rear position of the ear conveyor mechanism mounting frame and is set inside the cutter head bracket. The feed inlet of the rear ear conveyor mechanism is aligned with the discharge outlet on the ear conveyor mechanism mounting frame.
2. The low-angle, non-row-aligned ear harvesting header according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front ear-picking mechanism consists of an ear-picking support, eight ear-picking units, two linked ear-picking transmission boxes, and ten sets of cutter guards. The eight ear-picking units are installed on the ear-picking support at equal intervals on the left and right, with a ear-picking distance of 300mm between adjacent ear-picking units. The two linked ear-picking transmission boxes are installed on the left and right sides of the rear of the eight ear-picking units. One linked ear-picking transmission box is connected to the four ear-picking units on the left, and the other linked ear-picking transmission box is connected to the four ear-picking units on the right. A set of cutter guards is installed above each ear-picking unit and on the outside of the ear-picking units on both sides. The cutter guards are fixedly connected to the ear-picking support. The cutter guards are trapezoidal covers that are wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, and the front end of the cutter guards is conical. The height of the cutter guards is 300mm. The upper ends of the cutter guards on both sides are also provided with reinforcing ribs.
3. The low-angle, non-row-aligned ear harvesting header according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear ear conveyor mechanism consists of an ear conveyor housing, an ear conveyor chain assembly, a drive shaft, and a driven shaft. The ear conveyor housing is a box-like structure with an inlet at the upper front and an outlet at the rear. The inlet has a concave arc shape at the front and an upward sloping shape at the rear. Angle plates are welded to the outer walls of both sides of the rear opening, and bolt holes are provided on the angle plates. Screws are installed in the bolt holes on the angle plates and the corresponding bolt holes on the ear conveyor mechanism mounting bracket. The rear ear conveyor mechanism is fixedly connected to the ear conveyor mechanism mounting frame; the ear conveyor chain assembly consists of left and right drive chains and multiple connecting rods arranged at equal intervals on the two drive chains; the drive shaft is rotatably supported and engaged with the lower front end of the two side walls of the ear conveyor housing through the shaft supports at both ends, and the driven shaft is rotatably supported and engaged with the lower rear end of the two side walls of the ear conveyor housing through the shaft supports at both ends, and the ear conveyor chain assembly is connected to the drive shaft and the driven shaft respectively through the front sprocket and the rear sprocket.
4. The low-angle, non-row-aligned ear harvesting header according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a top cover for the ear of fruit; two cover mounting plates are welded to the front of the back plate near the upper part of the material inlet on both sides. The two cover mounting plates are fan-shaped plates, and a central hole and multiple adjustment holes arranged around the same circumference are provided on the two cover mounting plates. The top cover for the ear of fruit is a mesh cover with a frame. Two mounting holes are provided at the rear of the side frames of the top cover for the ear of fruit, and the rear mounting holes on both sides are fixed to the central holes on the side cover mounting plates by bolts. The front mounting holes on both sides can be selectively fixed to one of the adjustment holes on the side cover mounting plates by bolts, so that the top cover for the ear of fruit is fixed above the middle conveying auger at the position corresponding to the inlet of the rear ear of fruit conveyor mechanism.
5. The low-angle, non-row-aligned ear harvesting header according to claim 1, characterized in that: The minimum tilt angle between the harvesting platform and the ground is 17°.