A prefabricated assembly type comprehensive pipe gallery based on stability and waterproofness
By introducing triangular and rectangular support frames into the integrated utility tunnel, combined with waterproof membrane and waterstop strips, the defects of traditional utility tunnels in terms of pressure resistance, earthquake resistance and waterproof performance are solved, and the structural stability and waterproof reliability are improved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HUNAN UNIV OF TECH
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-12
AI Technical Summary
Traditional underground utility tunnels have deficiencies in terms of pressure resistance, earthquake resistance, and waterproofing performance. Rectangular cross-sections are prone to stress concentration, and joints are prone to leakage. Prefabricated and assembled utility tunnels are prone to brittle failure at the epicenter of an earthquake. Flexible joints have weak energy dissipation capacity, and waterstops are prone to aging and detachment.
The structure is enhanced by a triangular support frame, while the rectangular support frame improves the utilization of internal space. Special connectors are used to achieve lateral expansion, and multiple waterproof designs are used to solve leakage problems, including double protection from waterproof membrane and waterstop strips.
It improves the pressure resistance, seismic resistance and waterproof reliability of the utility tunnel, avoids stress concentration, enhances connection strength, reduces leakage risk, and meets the needs of efficient construction of urban underground projects.
Smart Images
Figure CN224351277U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of integrated utility tunnel technology, and more specifically, to a prefabricated integrated utility tunnel based on stability and waterproofing. Background Technology
[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, underground utility tunnels, as an important component of urban infrastructure, are receiving increasing attention for their construction and maintenance. Traditional underground utility tunnels, using a rectangular cross-section design, do indeed have some inherent and obvious defects in terms of structural mechanical performance and waterproofing, mainly manifested in compressive strength, seismic resistance, and waterproofing. Stress concentration is prone to occur at the corners of the rectangular cross-section, leading to concrete cracking. Additional steel reinforcement is needed to enhance compressive strength, but this increases project costs. Furthermore, improper handling of segmental connections in precast assembled utility tunnels (such as prestressed steel strand anchorage zones) can lead to failure due to insufficient localized compression. Rigid joints in precast assembled utility tunnels (such as ordinary concrete joints without damping design) are prone to brittle failure during earthquakes. While flexible joints (such as double-rubber ring sockets) can improve this, some projects still suffer from weak connections. Low-cycle reciprocating tests show that the hysteresis curve of precast segmental utility tunnels exhibits a "pinching" phenomenon, indicating weaker energy dissipation capacity and inferior seismic performance compared to cast-in-place structures. Precast pipe racks have a large number of assembly joints and rely on EPDM rubber waterstops for waterproofing. However, long-term pressure or foundation displacement may cause the waterstops to age or detach, leading to leakage.
[0003] Therefore, a prefabricated integrated utility tunnel is needed to improve its compressive strength, seismic resistance, and waterproofing performance. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a prefabricated integrated utility tunnel based on stability and waterproofing to solve the problems existing in the prior art. The top triangular support frame enhances structural stability, the bottom rectangular support frame ensures the utilization of internal space, and special connectors enable lateral expansion. At the same time, multiple waterproof designs solve the leakage problem, ultimately improving the pressure resistance, seismic resistance and waterproof reliability of the utility tunnel.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following solution: This utility model provides a prefabricated integrated utility tunnel based on stability and waterproofing, comprising: a triangular support frame and a rectangular support frame, the triangular support frame being fixedly installed on the top of the rectangular support frame; a base plate, the base plate having a third groove, the side wall of the rectangular support frame being fixedly installed in the third groove; and a connector, the connector comprising a first protrusion, a second protrusion, a first mounting groove, and a second mounting groove, the first protrusion being fixedly connected to one side of the triangular support frame, the first mounting groove being located on the other side of the triangular support frame and adapted to the first protrusion, the second protrusion being fixedly connected to one side of the rectangular support frame, the second mounting groove being located on the other side of the rectangular support frame and adapted to the second protrusion; wherein, the first protrusion is inserted into the first mounting groove in the connector of an adjacent utility tunnel, and the second protrusion is inserted into the second mounting groove in the connector of an adjacent utility tunnel.
[0006] According to the present invention, a prefabricated integrated pipe gallery based on stability and waterproofing is provided, wherein the bottom two sides of the triangular support frame are fixedly connected with a first protrusion, and a second groove is provided in the middle of the first protrusion.
[0007] According to the present invention, a prefabricated integrated pipe gallery based on stability and waterproofing is provided, wherein the rectangular support frame has a first groove on both sides of the top, a second protrusion is fixedly connected to the middle of the first groove, the first protrusion is fixedly installed in the first groove, and the second protrusion is inserted into the second groove.
[0008] According to the present invention, a prefabricated integrated utility tunnel based on stability and waterproofing is provided, wherein expansion concrete is poured between the side wall of the rectangular support frame and the third groove.
[0009] According to the present invention, a prefabricated integrated pipe gallery based on stability and waterproofing is provided, wherein a pre-embedded bolt is provided between the side wall of the rectangular support frame and the third groove, a pre-embedded bolt is provided between the triangular support frame and the rectangular support frame, and pre-embedded bolts are provided between the first protrusion and the first mounting groove and between the second protrusion and the second mounting groove.
[0010] According to the present invention, a prefabricated integrated pipe gallery based on stability and waterproofing is provided, wherein the surfaces of the triangular support frame and the rectangular support frame are provided with waterproof membrane, and waterstop strips are provided at the connection between the triangular support frame and the rectangular support frame and between adjacent connecting parts.
[0011] According to the present invention, a prefabricated integrated utility tunnel based on stability and waterproofing is provided. The connector includes two first connecting blocks and two second connecting blocks. The two first connecting blocks are fixedly connected to one side of the rectangular support frame, and the two second connecting blocks are fixedly connected to the other side of the rectangular support frame. The first connecting blocks are connected to the second connecting blocks of another utility tunnel.
[0012] According to the present invention, a prefabricated integrated pipe gallery based on stability and waterproofing is provided, wherein a dovetail groove is provided on the first connecting block, and the dovetail grooves on the two first connecting blocks are symmetrically arranged; a dovetail block is fixedly connected to the second connecting block, and the dovetail blocks on the two second connecting blocks are symmetrically arranged; the dovetail block is adapted to the dovetail groove.
[0013] According to the present invention, a prefabricated integrated pipe gallery based on stability and waterproofing is provided, wherein a pre-embedded bolt is provided between the first connecting block and the second connecting block.
[0014] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:
[0015] In this invention, the top of the utility tunnel is designed as a triangular support frame with stable support performance. When buried underground, it can avoid damage caused by the pressure of large road loads. Moreover, rainwater can flow naturally down the inclined part of the triangle without infiltrating the inside of the pipe, thereby improving the pressure resistance, earthquake resistance and waterproof performance of the utility tunnel. Adjacent utility tunnels are connected by connectors, and pre-embedded bolts are set between adjacent connectors, so that adjacent utility tunnels are tightly interlocked by the connectors, which enhances the compressive strength of the joints and avoids the problem of weak splicing joints in traditional rectangular structures. Waterproof membrane is applied to the surface of the triangular support frame and the rectangular support frame, and water-stop strips are set at the joints, which can achieve a double waterproof effect. Attached Figure Description
[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;
[0018] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention from another angle;
[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the triangular support frame in this utility model;
[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rectangular support frame in this utility model;
[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom plate and the expansive concrete in this utility model;
[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom plate in this utility model;
[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;
[0024] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the entire structure from another angle in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;
[0025] Among them, 1. base plate; 2. third groove; 3. expansive concrete; 4. triangular support frame; 5. first protrusion; 6. second groove; 7. rectangular support frame; 8. first groove; 9. second protrusion; 10. first protrusion; 11. first mounting groove; 12. second protrusion; 13. second mounting groove; 14. first connecting block; 15. dovetail groove; 16. second connecting block; 17. dovetail block. Detailed Implementation
[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0027] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0028] Example 1:
[0029] like Figures 1-6As shown, this utility model provides a prefabricated integrated utility tunnel based on stability and waterproofing, including: a triangular support frame 4 and a rectangular support frame 7, the triangular support frame 4 being fixedly installed on the top of the rectangular support frame 7; a base plate 1, on which a third groove 2 is provided, the side wall of the rectangular support frame 7 being fixedly installed in the third groove 2; and a connector, the connector including a first protrusion 10, a second protrusion 12, a first mounting groove 11, and a second mounting groove 13, the first protrusion 10 being fixedly connected to one side of the triangular support frame 4, the first mounting groove 11 being located on the other side of the triangular support frame 4, the first mounting groove 11 being adapted to the first protrusion 10, the second protrusion 12 being fixedly connected to one side of the rectangular support frame 7, the second mounting groove 13 being located on the other side of the rectangular support frame 7, the second mounting groove 13 being adapted to the second protrusion 12.
[0030] The triangular support frame 4 is an isosceles triangular precast component, cast from C40 prestressed concrete, with an internal bidirectional prestressed steel mesh, 12-16mm in diameter and spaced 150mm apart. Its two inclined plates are 1.2 times the width of the pipe gallery in length and 200-300mm in thickness, utilizing the geometric stability of the triangle to distribute the top load. The bottom two sides of the triangular support frame 4 have integrally formed first protrusions 5, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the first protrusion 5 is arranged along the length of the triangular support frame 4, with a rectangular cross-section, a width of 150mm, and a height of 100mm. A second groove 6 is provided in the middle of the first protrusion 5, with a rectangular cross-section, a width of 80mm, and a height of 50mm.
[0031] Rectangular support frame 7 is a rectangular prefabricated component, such as... Figure 4 As shown, it is precast using C35 reinforced concrete, with a side wall thickness of 250-350mm. It is internally equipped with double-layer bidirectional steel bars with a longitudinal diameter of 18mm, a transverse diameter of 16mm, and a spacing of 200mm. The top two sides are provided with a first groove 8 that matches the first protrusion 5, with a width of 155mm and a depth of 105mm. The first groove 8 is integrally formed with a second protrusion 9 that matches the second groove 6. The cross-section is rectangular, with a width of 75mm and a height of 45mm.
[0032] During assembly, the first protrusion 5 of the triangular support frame 4 is inserted into the first groove 8 of the rectangular support frame 7, while the second protrusion 9 is inserted into the second groove 6, forming a "convex-concave interlocking" structure. This structure disperses stress by increasing the contact area, avoiding the stress concentration problem of traditional right-angle connections, and also limits the relative displacement between the triangular support frame 4 and the rectangular support frame 7, thereby enhancing the overall shear resistance. The first protrusion 5 and the first groove 8 have pre-drilled bolt holes with a diameter of 24mm, which are secured with M20 high-strength bolts (grade 8.8) at a spacing of 300mm to ensure reliable vertical load transfer.
[0033] The base plate 1 is a cast-in-place reinforced concrete component, made of C35 concrete with a thickness of 400-600mm, which is adjusted according to the bearing capacity of the foundation. It is equipped with a double-layer bidirectional steel mesh with a diameter of 18mm and a spacing of 200mm. A third groove 2 is provided on its top surface. The third groove 2 is set along the length of the base plate 1. The cross-section is an inverted trapezoid. The width of the top opening is 50mm greater than the thickness of the side wall of the rectangular support frame 7. The depth is 200mm. The inner wall of the groove is coated with a cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating with a thickness of ≥1.0mm.
[0034] The bottom of the sidewall of the rectangular support frame 7 is inserted into the third groove 2. Expansive concrete 3 is poured into the gap between the sidewall and the third groove 2. The expansive concrete 3 is made with micro-expansion cement, has a 28-day compressive strength ≥40MPa, and an expansion rate of 0.02-0.05%. It fills the gap and generates pre-compression stress, enhancing the tightness of the connection between the rectangular support frame 7 and the base plate 1, while simultaneously blocking groundwater seepage paths. Bolt sleeves are pre-embedded on both sides of the third groove 2, and bolt holes are pre-drilled at corresponding positions on the sidewall of the rectangular support frame 7. M24 high-strength bolts (grade 10.9) are used to anchor the rectangular support frame 7 to the base plate 1 with a bolt spacing of 500mm to resist groundwater buoyancy and seismic lateral forces.
[0035] The connector is used to achieve lateral splicing between adjacent pipe racks. It includes a first protrusion 10, a second protrusion 12, a first mounting groove 11, and a second mounting groove 13. The first protrusion 10 is fixedly connected to one side of the triangular support frame 4, and the first mounting groove 11 adapted to the first protrusion 10 is provided on the other side. The first protrusion 10 is prefabricated with high-strength ductile iron and is embedded in the triangular support frame 4 during casting. The first mounting groove 11 is a groove that matches the first protrusion 10. The inner wall of the groove is pasted with a 3mm thick water-swellable rubber pad. The second protrusion 12 is fixedly connected to one side of the rectangular support frame 7, and the second mounting groove 13 adapted to the second protrusion 12 is provided on the other side. During connection, the first protrusion 10 is embedded into the first mounting groove 11 of the other pipe rack, and the second protrusion 12 is embedded into the second mounting groove 13 of the other pipe rack. At the same time, the top of the first protrusion 10 and the first mounting groove 11, and the second protrusion 12 and the second mounting groove 13 are all reserved with transverse bolt holes. M16 bolts (8.8 grade) are used to lock through and tighten, increasing the connection strength and eliminating splicing gaps.
[0036] Both the triangular support frame 4 and the rectangular support frame 7 are fully covered with 1.5mm thick modified bitumen waterproof membrane. The membrane extends 500mm to both sides from the top of the triangular support frame 4 and 300mm upwards from the bottom of the rectangular support frame 7, overlapping with the waterproof membrane on the surface of the base plate 1. The overlap width is ≥100mm, forming a continuous waterproof barrier. Waterstop strips are installed at the connection between the triangular support frame 4 and the rectangular support frame 7 (the gap between the first protrusion 5 and the first groove 8), the connection between the rectangular support frame 7 and the base plate 1 (the top of the third groove 2), and the gaps between the connecting parts of adjacent pipe racks (the gap between the first protrusion 10 and the first mounting groove 11, and the gap between the second protrusion 12 and the second mounting groove 13). The waterstop strips are made of water-swellable rubber with an expansion ratio ≥250%. The outer side of the waterstop strip is sealed with polyurethane sealant with an elongation rate ≥300%, further blocking the seepage path.
[0037] In this utility model, the top triangular support frame 4 utilizes the geometric stability of triangles to distribute the top load to the rectangular support frame 7 through the inclined sidewalls, avoiding stress concentration at the corners of traditional rectangular structures. The interlocking connection structure (first protrusion 5 and first groove 8, second protrusion 9 and second mounting groove 13) and the rigid connection of pre-embedded bolts form a rigid frame for the overall structure. During earthquakes, longitudinal and lateral forces can be converted into internal structural forces, reducing swaying and solving the problem of weak earthquake resistance in traditional rectangular pipe corridors.
[0038] The surface waterproof membrane forms an overall barrier, and the double protection of the water-stop strip and sealant at the joints, combined with the gaps filled by the expansion concrete 3, effectively solves the defects of traditional pipe gallery joints being numerous and prone to leakage; the inclined surface of the triangular support frame 4 can guide rainwater to flow naturally and prevent water from seeping in.
[0039] The protrusion-installation groove design of the connector enables rapid positioning and splicing of adjacent pipe racks, and the pre-embedded bolts ensure tight connection. The assembly time of a single section can be shortened to less than 2 hours, which meets the needs of efficient construction of urban underground projects.
[0040] Example 2:
[0041] like Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the connector includes two first connecting blocks 14 and two second connecting blocks 16. The two first connecting blocks 14 are symmetrically fixed to one side of the rectangular support frame 7, and dovetail grooves 15 are provided on their opposite sides. The cross-section of the dovetail groove 15 is an isosceles trapezoid with an upper base width of 80mm, a lower base width of 120mm, and a depth of 50mm. The two dovetail grooves 15 are symmetrically arranged. The two second connecting blocks 16 are symmetrically fixed to the other side of the rectangular support frame 7, and dovetail blocks 17 adapted to the dovetail grooves 15 are fixedly connected to their opposite sides. The cooperation between the dovetail grooves 15 and the dovetail blocks 17 can realize the rapid positioning and lateral connection of adjacent pipe racks, avoiding vertical misalignment during splicing. Pre-embedded bolts are provided between the first connecting blocks 14 and the second connecting blocks 16 to ensure a tight fit at the connection.
[0042] A water-stop strip is installed in the gap between the dovetail groove 15 and the dovetail block 17. The water-stop strip is made of water-swellable rubber with an expansion ratio of ≥250%. The outside of the water-stop strip is sealed with polyurethane sealant with an elongation of ≥300%, which further blocks the seepage path.
[0043] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0044] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present utility model by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present utility model should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A prefabricated integrated utility tunnel based on stability and waterproofing, characterized in that, include: A triangular support frame (4) and a rectangular support frame (7), wherein the triangular support frame (4) is fixedly installed on the top of the rectangular support frame (7); The base plate (1) has a third groove (2) provided on it, and the side wall of the rectangular support frame (7) is fixedly installed in the third groove (2); The connector includes a first protrusion (10), a second protrusion (12), a first mounting groove (11), and a second mounting groove (13). The first protrusion (10) is fixedly connected to one side of the triangular support frame (4), and the first mounting groove (11) is located on the other side of the triangular support frame (4). The first mounting groove (11) is adapted to the first protrusion (10). The second protrusion (12) is fixedly connected to one side of the rectangular support frame (7), and the second mounting groove (13) is located on the other side of the rectangular support frame (7). The second mounting groove (13) is adapted to the second protrusion (12). The first protrusion (10) is inserted into the first mounting groove (11) in the connector of the adjacent pipe gallery, and the second protrusion (12) is inserted into the second mounting groove (13) in the connector of the adjacent pipe gallery.
2. The prefabricated integrated utility tunnel based on stability and waterproofing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The triangular support frame (4) has a first protrusion (5) fixedly connected to both sides of its bottom, and a second groove (6) is provided in the middle of the first protrusion (5).
3. The prefabricated integrated utility tunnel based on stability and waterproofing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rectangular support frame (7) has a first groove (8) on both sides of the top. A second protrusion (9) is fixedly connected to the middle of the first groove (8). The first protrusion (5) is fixedly installed in the first groove (8), and the second protrusion (9) is inserted into the second groove (6).
4. The prefabricated integrated utility tunnel based on stability and waterproofing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Expansion concrete (3) is poured between the side wall of the rectangular support frame (7) and the third groove (2).
5. The prefabricated integrated utility tunnel based on stability and waterproofing according to claim 3, characterized in that: An embedded bolt is provided between the side wall of the rectangular support frame (7) and the third groove (2), an embedded bolt is provided between the triangular support frame (4) and the rectangular support frame (7), and embedded bolts are provided between the first protrusion (10) and the first mounting groove (11) and between the second protrusion (12) and the second mounting groove (13).
6. The prefabricated integrated utility tunnel based on stability and waterproofing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Waterproof membrane is provided on the surfaces of the triangular support frame (4) and the rectangular support frame (7), and waterstop strips are provided at the connection between the triangular support frame (4) and the rectangular support frame (7) and between adjacent connecting parts.
7. The prefabricated integrated utility tunnel based on stability and waterproofing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connector includes two first connecting blocks (14) and two second connecting blocks (16). The two first connecting blocks (14) are fixedly connected to one side of the rectangular support frame (7), and the two second connecting blocks (16) are fixedly connected to the other side of the rectangular support frame (7). The first connecting blocks (14) are connected to the second connecting blocks (16) of another pipe gallery.
8. The prefabricated integrated utility tunnel based on stability and waterproofing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first connecting block (14) is provided with a dovetail groove (15), and the dovetail grooves (15) on the two first connecting blocks (14) are symmetrically arranged. The second connecting block (16) is fixedly connected with a dovetail block (17), and the dovetail blocks (17) on the two second connecting blocks (16) are symmetrically arranged. The dovetail block (17) is adapted to the dovetail groove (15).
9. The prefabricated integrated utility tunnel based on stability and waterproofing according to claim 8, characterized in that: A pre-embedded bolt is provided between the first connecting block (14) and the second connecting block (16).