Bypass and branch cooperation drainage type water hammer protection structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to a bypass and branch line cooperation drainage type water hammer protection structure, including the gate valve and safety valve of bypass setting gradually, one or more branch lines of two ends respectively with the inlet and outlet of bypass intercommunication, pneumatic valve and check valve, corrugated expander, hoist well of setting gradually in each branch line, the utility model one aspect is based on the individual or synchronous cooperation of bypass and branch line, satisfies the water hammer protection demand under different working conditions, and the pneumatic valve that branch line adopts can improve the instantaneous drainage capacity of shunt branch, another aspect is based on the cooperation of corrugated expander, not only absorbs pressure dialing, damping vibration transmission and compensates pipeline, but also quickly drains water to hoist well, in addition, through the three -stage cooperation of shunt pressure relief, corrugated buffer, hoist unloading, have the comprehensive advantage of quick response, energy dissipation and system protection, especially suitable for high pressure, long distance or high value pipeline system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of water hammer protection technology, specifically relating to a water hammer protection structure based on bypass and branch cooperative diversion. Background Technology

[0002] Water hammer, also known as water surge, is a phenomenon in fluid mechanics. It refers to the sharp pressure fluctuations caused by a sudden change in the flow velocity of a liquid in a pressurized pipeline (such as rapid valve closure or pump start-up and shutdown), forming shock waves that propagate back and forth within the pipeline. In short, when fluid in a pipeline is forced to suddenly decelerate or accelerate (such as when a valve closes rapidly), the fluid's inertia is converted into pressure energy, generating high-pressure or low-pressure shock waves. For example, a sudden drop in downstream flow velocity leads to a sudden increase in pressure (positive water hammer); upstream fluid inertia causes localized low pressure or even vaporization (negative water hammer).

[0003] However, the resulting water hammer, due to its high pressure, can damage equipment such as pipe valves and pumps (e.g., rupture or deformation), and also affect the normal operation of the pipeline system by generating noise and vibration. Therefore, current measures to prevent water hammer include:

[0004] 1) Close the valve slowly: Avoid sudden valve closure to reduce water hammer;

[0005] 2) Install water hammer eliminators: Install water hammer eliminators in the piping system to absorb pressure fluctuations;

[0006] 3) Use a buffer tank: Install a buffer tank at the pump outlet to reduce the impact of water hammer;

[0007] 4) Design the piping system reasonably: avoid excessively long pipes and too many bends to reduce water hammer.

[0008] However, in reality, for urban water supply systems such as water plants and pumping stations, the main cause and most destructive force of water hammer is sudden power outages, where multiple pump units simultaneously and abruptly stop operating, resulting in enormous water hammer impact forces. For example, centrifugal pumps need to operate under negative pressure, so the installation elevation of centrifugal pumps and their associated motors is lower than the reservoir elevation, and the pump houses are all submerged pump houses. However, if a pipe bursts in a submerged pump house, it can easily lead to catastrophic consequences such as flooding of the pump house and water outages in the city. Moreover, the pressure after water hammer occurs significantly exceeds the normal value, making pipe bursts more likely. In addition, many existing water hammer prevention solutions have electromagnetic valve control systems, electric butterfly valves with slow closing, or electric air compressors for pressure stabilization. These systems cannot actually be executed in the event of a power outage. Furthermore, electro-hydraulic valves and hydraulic slow-closing check valves can also mitigate water hammer, but their reaction speed is slow, they generate large internal forces, and the pipes and equipment will undergo some plastic deformation. Utility Model Content

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an improved water hammer protection structure based on bypass and branch cooperative diversion.

[0010] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0011] A water hammer protection structure based on bypass and branch cooperative diversion includes a bypass connected to the outlet pipe of a pump house, and includes a gate valve and a safety valve arranged sequentially on the bypass. The water hammer protection structure also includes one or more branches connected to the inlet and outlet ends of the bypass at both ends, a pneumatic valve and a check valve arranged sequentially on each branch, a corrugated expansion joint connected to the outlet end of the bypass, and a lift well connected to the corrugated expansion joint. Based on the magnitude of the water hammer pressure, the bypass and / or branches cooperate to relieve pressure and divert water to the corrugated expansion joint. The expansion and contraction movement of the corrugated expansion joint absorbs pressure agitation, dampens vibration transmission, and compensates for pipeline displacement to discharge water to the lift well.

[0012] In short, absorbing pressure fluctuations means that the instantaneous high or low pressure waves generated by water hammer can cause pipeline vibration or deformation. Corrugated expansion joints, with their flexible structure (multi-layered metal or rubber corrugations), can displace axially, laterally, or angularly, absorbing some of the impact energy and mitigating the direct damage to the pipeline caused by pressure fluctuations. Compensating for pipeline displacement means that water hammer may cause instantaneous pipeline displacement (such as the thrust when a valve is suddenly closed). Corrugated expansion joints compensate for this displacement through elastic deformation, reducing mechanical stress on supports or connectors and preventing joint cracking. Reducing vibration transmission means that the damping characteristics of the corrugated structure can weaken the transmission of vibrations caused by water hammer to other parts of the pipeline, protecting sensitive equipment (such as pumps and instruments) from high-frequency impacts.

[0013] Preferably, the bypass starting pressure is lower than the branch starting pressure. In short, under normal circumstances, after water hammer occurs, pressure relief can be achieved by bypassing. When the bypass fails or cannot withstand the pressure, pressure relief is achieved by branching. Generally, one branch is sufficient (of course, multiple branches forming a load-sharing pressure relief effect is the best). Moreover, based on the pneumatic valve setting, the instantaneous adjustment capability is greatly improved, and pressure relief operation can be performed quickly.

[0014] According to a specific embodiment and preferred aspect of this utility model, the outlet ends of the branch and bypass are connected by a through pipe, and a diversion pipe is formed by extending outward from the through pipe, wherein the self-expanding end of the corrugated expansion joint is connected to the diversion pipe. Based on the arrangement of the diversion pipe, the diverted and depressurized water is combined and simultaneously diverted to the corrugated expansion joint.

[0015] Preferably, the bypass and branch pipes have the same diameter, D1, and the through pipe and drainage pipe have the same diameter, D2, where D2 > D1. Generally, D2 is at least 1.5 times D1 (but the upper limit is within 10 times).

[0016] In some specific implementations, the through pipe connects to the diversion pipe from the middle. When the bypass and branch lines operate simultaneously, it is more conducive to the convergence and diversion of the two water flows to the corrugated expansion joint.

[0017] In some specific implementations, each branch is also equipped with a manual valve for maintenance, located between the pneumatic valve and the branch inlet. In short, the manual valve is fully open under normal operating conditions and can be closed when maintenance or component replacement is required.

[0018] According to a specific embodiment and preferred aspect of this utility model, a corrugated expansion joint is fixedly inserted into the lift shaft, and an overflow pipe is formed on one side of the top of the lift shaft. Based on the fixed end of the corrugated expansion joint, the movement stability of the expansion end can be enhanced, and the overflow pipe layout allows water in the lift shaft to overflow and be discharged.

[0019] Preferably, the corrugated expansion joint is connected to the lift-up well from the lower side. In short, the water flow spreads upward from the bottom, promoting the overall circulation of well water, reducing stagnant water areas, and preventing sediment accumulation. At the same time, when entering from the bottom, it will naturally expel the air in the well upward, reducing air bubble retention and ensuring continuous and stable water flow.

[0020] Furthermore, an intercepting net is installed inside the lift-up well, located between the corrugated expansion joint and the overflow pipe. This prevents floating debris from clogging the overflow pipe, and, based on the characteristics of the intercepting net, it can also filter water to improve the quality of the water overflowing from the overflow pipe.

[0021] In some specific implementations, the interception net is inclined from top to bottom, with the upper end corresponding to the side where the corrugated expansion joint is located and the lower end corresponding to the side where the overflow pipe is located. Based on the layout of the interception net, the water entering the well can flow upward along the net, which not only reduces the impact on the net but also conforms to the upward flow characteristic, thus improving the water circulation within the well.

[0022] In addition, the bypass gate valves include manual and electric gate valves arranged sequentially. The manual gate valves facilitate maintenance. Furthermore, automatic air release valves are installed on both the bypass and branch lines, with the automatic air release valve located upstream of the safety valve or check valve. These air release valves release gas pressure to eliminate some of the water hammer pressure.

[0023] Due to the implementation of the above technical solution, this utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0024] Existing measures to prevent water hammer include slow valve closure, installation of water hammer eliminators, use of buffer tanks, and modification of the piping system. However, in reality, for urban water supply systems such as water plants and pumping stations, the main cause and most destructive water hammer is sudden power outages. The simultaneous and sudden shutdown of multiple pump units results in a massive water hammer impact. For example, centrifugal pumps need to operate under negative pressure, so the installation elevation of centrifugal pumps and their motors is lower than the reservoir elevation, and submerged pump houses are used. However, if a pipe bursts in a submerged pump house, it can easily lead to flooding of the pump house and catastrophic consequences such as city-wide water outages. Moreover, the pressure after water hammer occurs significantly exceeds normal values, increasing the likelihood of pipe bursts. Furthermore, many existing water hammer prevention solutions involve solenoid valve control systems, electric butterfly valves with slow closing, or electric air compressors for pressure stabilization. These systems are actually unable to operate during power outages. Additionally, electro-hydraulic valves and hydraulic slow-closing check valves can also mitigate water hammer, but their slow response and large internal force can cause damage to pipes and equipment. The present invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as the lack of plastic deformation. It features a comprehensive design for water hammer protection, cleverly resolving these deficiencies. This water hammer protection structure utilizes bypass and branch lines, either individually or simultaneously, to divert and relieve pressure based on the water hammer pressure. Simultaneously, the outflowing water enters a corrugated expansion joint. During the expansion and contraction of the corrugated expansion joint, pressure surges are absorbed, vibration transmission is damped, and pipeline displacement is compensated. Finally, the water is unloaded to the lift shaft to complete the water hammer protection. Therefore, this invention, on the one hand, meets the water hammer protection requirements under different working conditions (including emergency conditions) based on the individual or simultaneous cooperation of bypass and branch lines. Furthermore, the pneumatic valves used in the branch lines improve the instantaneous diversion capacity of the diversion branches. On the other hand, the corrugated expansion joint not only absorbs pressure surges, dampens vibration transmission, and compensates for pipeline displacement, but also rapidly diverts water to the lift shaft. Moreover, through the three-stage synergy of diversion and pressure relief, corrugated buffering, and lift shaft unloading, it combines the advantages of rapid response, energy dissipation, and system protection, making it particularly suitable for high-pressure, long-distance, or high-value pipeline systems. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the bypass and branch-cooperative diversion water hammer protection structure of this embodiment;

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a local structure in the middle (contraction state);

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged half-section diagram of the lifting well;

[0029] The components include: 1. Pump room outlet pipe; 2. Bypass; 3. Gate valve; 30. Manual gate valve; 31. Electric gate valve; 4. Safety valve; 5. Branch line; 6. Pneumatic valve; 7. Check valve; 8. Corrugated expansion joint; 9. Lifting well; 10. Through pipe; 11. Drainage pipe; 12. Manual valve; 13. Overflow pipe; 14. Interception net; 15. Automatic air vent valve. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0031] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0032] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0033] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" a second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that they are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of a second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" a second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element present. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "above," "below," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible embodiments.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the water hammer protection structure based on bypass and branch cooperative diversion in this embodiment is connected to the bypass 2 of the pump house outlet pipe 1. The water hammer protection structure includes a gate valve 3 and a safety valve 4 arranged sequentially on the bypass 2, one or more branch lines 5 connected to the inlet and outlet ends of the bypass 2 respectively, a pneumatic valve 6 and a check valve 7 arranged sequentially on each branch line 5, a corrugated expansion joint 8 connected to the outlet end of the bypass 2, and a lift well 9 connected to the corrugated expansion joint 8. Based on the magnitude of the water hammer pressure, the bypass 2 and / or branch lines 5 cooperate to depressurize and divert water to the corrugated expansion joint 8. The expansion and contraction movement of the corrugated expansion joint 8 absorbs pressure agitation, dampens vibration transmission, and compensates for pipeline displacement to discharge water to the lift well 9.

[0036] In some specific embodiments, branch 5 has one outlet, and the outlet ends of branch 5 and bypass 2 are connected via a through pipe 10. A diversion pipe 11 extends outward from the through pipe 10, with the self-expanding end of the corrugated expansion joint 8 connected to the diversion pipe 11. Based on the diversion pipe arrangement, the diverted and depressurized flows are combined and simultaneously diverted to the corrugated expansion joint. The diameters of bypass 2 and branch 5 are equal, D1, while the diameters of the through pipe 10 and diversion pipe 11 are equal, D2, where D2 > D1. Generally, D2 is at least 1.5 times D1 (but the upper limit is within 10 times), and D1 is 1 / 10 to 1 / 8 of the diameter of the pump house outlet pipe 1. In this example, the through pipe 10 connects to the diversion pipe from the middle. When bypass 2 and branch 5 operate simultaneously, it is more conducive to the convergence and diversion of the two water flows to the corrugated expansion joint 8.

[0037] In this example, the starting pressure of bypass 2 is lower than that of branch 5. In short, under normal circumstances, after water hammer occurs, pressure relief can be achieved through the bypass. When the bypass malfunctions or cannot withstand the pressure, pressure relief is achieved through the branch. Generally, one branch is sufficient (of course, multiple branches forming a distributed pressure relief system provide the best effect). Furthermore, the pneumatic valve significantly enhances instantaneous adjustment capabilities, enabling rapid pressure relief operations.

[0038] In some specific embodiments, a manual valve 12 for maintenance is also provided on branch 5, wherein the manual valve 12 is located between the pneumatic valve 6 and the branch inlet. In short, the manual valve 12 is fully open under normal operating conditions, and can be closed when maintenance or replacement of parts is required.

[0039] In some specific implementations, the corrugated expansion joint 8 is a commercially available product. Its expansion and contraction motion absorbs pressure surges, dampens vibration transmission, and compensates for pipeline displacement by unloading water into the lift shaft. In short, this water hammer protection structure achieves efficient and reliable water hammer protection through a three-stage synergy of diversion and pressure relief, corrugated buffering, and lift shaft unloading. It combines the advantages of rapid response, energy dissipation, and system protection. Furthermore, absorbing pressure fluctuations means that the instantaneous high or low pressure waves generated by water hammer can cause pipeline vibration or deformation. The corrugated expansion joint, with its flexible structure (multi-layered metal or rubber corrugations), can displace axially, laterally, or angularly, absorbing some of the impact energy and mitigating the direct damage of pressure fluctuations to the pipeline. Compensating for pipeline displacement means that water hammer may cause instantaneous pipeline displacement (such as the thrust when a valve is suddenly closed). The corrugated expansion joint compensates for this displacement through elastic deformation, reducing mechanical stress on supports or connectors and preventing joint cracking. Reducing vibration transmission means that the damping characteristics of the corrugated structure can weaken the transmission of vibrations caused by water hammer to other parts of the pipeline, protecting sensitive equipment (such as pumps and instruments) from high-frequency impacts.

[0040] Furthermore, the corrugated expansion joint 8 is required to match the size of the drainage pipe 11, and the corrugated expansion joint 8 is fixedly inserted through the lift well 9, with an overflow pipe 13 formed on one side of the top of the lift well 9. The fixed end of the corrugated expansion joint enhances the stability of the expansion end's movement, and the overflow pipe layout allows water in the lift well to overflow and be discharged. In this example, the corrugated expansion joint 8 is connected to the lift well 9 from the lower side. In short, the water flow diffuses upwards from the bottom, promoting overall water circulation, reducing stagnant areas, and preventing sediment accumulation. Simultaneously, entering from the bottom naturally expels air upwards from the well, reducing air bubble retention and ensuring continuous and stable water flow.

[0041] In this example, a netting 14 is also installed inside the lift shaft 9, located between the corrugated expansion joint 8 and the overflow pipe 13. This prevents floating debris from clogging the overflow pipe 13. Furthermore, based on the characteristics of the netting 14, filtration can be performed to improve the quality of the water overflowing from the overflow pipe 13. The netting 14 is inclined from top to bottom, with the upper end corresponding to the side where the corrugated expansion joint 8 is located and the lower end corresponding to the side where the overflow pipe 13 is located. Due to the layout of the netting, the water entering the shaft can gradually flow upwards along the netting 14, minimizing the impact on the netting and conforming to the upward flow characteristic, which is beneficial for the overall water circulation within the lift shaft.

[0042] In addition, the gate valve 3 on bypass 2 includes a manual gate valve 30 and an electric gate valve 31 arranged sequentially. The manual gate valve 30 facilitates maintenance. Furthermore, both bypass 2 and branch 5 are equipped with automatic air release valves 15, which are located upstream of safety valve 4 or check valve 7. These air release valves release gas pressure to eliminate some of the water hammer pressure.

[0043] In summary, by adopting this water hammer protection structure, based on the pressure generated by water hammer, bypasses and branches are selected to divert and relieve pressure individually or simultaneously. Simultaneously, the outflowing water enters the corrugated expansion joint. During the expansion and contraction of the corrugated expansion joint, pressure surges are absorbed, vibration transmission is damped, and pipeline displacement is compensated. The water is then unloaded to the lift shaft to complete the water hammer protection. Therefore, this invention, on the one hand, meets the water hammer protection requirements under different working conditions (including emergency conditions) based on the individual or simultaneous cooperation of bypasses and branches, and the pneumatic valves used in the branches can improve the instantaneous diversion capacity of the diversion branches; on the other hand, based on the cooperation of the corrugated expansion joint, it not only absorbs pressure surges, dampens vibration transmission, and compensates for pipeline displacement, but also quickly diverts water to the lift shaft. Furthermore, through the three-stage synergy of diversion and pressure relief, corrugated buffering, and lift shaft unloading, it combines the comprehensive advantages of rapid response, energy dissipation, and system protection, making it particularly suitable for high-pressure, long-distance, or high-value pipeline systems. Three aspects can be addressed by bypassing for pressure relief. When the bypass fails or cannot withstand the pressure, a branch line will be used for pressure relief. Generally, one branch line is sufficient (of course, multiple branches forming a distributed pressure relief effect are the best). The normal water hammer pressure is 1.3 times the working pressure, and the starting pressure of the bypass water hammer protection setting is 1.1 times the maximum working pressure. The normal water hammer pressure is less than 50% of the pipeline design pressure, and the destructive force is limited. Because the back pressure of the safety valve is not large, the recovery pressure of the safety valve is the set starting pressure of 0.9-0.95. Under normal water hammer conditions, it always operates in a relatively stable state. However, for liquid column separation water hammer pressure, which is 5-7 times the working pressure and more than 2 times the pipeline design pressure, the destructive force is extremely large. At this time, because the back pressure of the check valve is very small and the overall hydraulic loss of the branch line is small, it is conducive to rapid pressure relief. Therefore, the starting pressure of the liquid column separation water hammer protection setting is 1.3-1 times the maximum working pressure.Five times the pressure, approaching 50% of the pipeline design pressure, under these conditions, the pressure transmitter and the solenoid valve control switch of the pneumatic valve require relatively low power due to the pneumatic valve setup. In the event of a power outage, an uninterruptible power supply (battery) provides support, ensuring normal control of the pneumatic valve's opening and closing. The air tank can maintain pneumatic pressure for a certain period. Therefore, in the event of a sudden power outage, this system can significantly improve its instantaneous adjustment capability, enabling rapid diversion and pressure relief operations. Fourthly, based on the diversion pipe setup, the diverted pressure relief is combined and simultaneously diverted to the bellows expansion joint. When the bypass and branch lines operate simultaneously, it is more conducive to the convergence and diversion of the two water flows to the bellows expansion joint. Furthermore, based on the pipe diameter variation setting, backflow impact is avoided, reducing the impact on check valves and safety valves. Fifthly, the fixed end of the bellows expansion joint enhances the stability of the expansion end's movement, and the overflow pipe layout can effectively control the flow within the lift well. The overflowing water discharge, along with the upward diffusion of water flow from the bottom, promotes overall well water circulation, reduces stagnant areas, and prevents sediment accumulation. Furthermore, the upward flow of water entering from the bottom naturally expels air from the well, reducing air bubble retention and ensuring a continuous and stable water flow. Sixthly, the interceptor net prevents floating debris from clogging the overflow pipe. The net's characteristics also allow for filtration, improving the quality of the overflow water. Additionally, the water entering the well flows upward along the net, minimizing impact and conforming to upward flow characteristics, thus enhancing overall water circulation within the well. Seventhly, the manual valve or gate valve operates fully open under normal conditions. It can be closed when necessary for maintenance or component replacement. Eighthly, the automatic air vent valve releases pressurized gas, eliminating some water hammer pressure.

[0044] The present utility model has been described in detail above, with the aim of enabling those skilled in the art to understand its contents and implement it. However, this description should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present utility model should be included within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A water hammer protection structure based on bypass and branch line cooperation, which is connected to the bypass of the pump house outlet pipe and includes a gate valve and a safety valve arranged sequentially on the bypass, characterized in that: The water hammer protection structure also includes one or more branches connected to the inlet and outlet of the bypass at both ends, pneumatic valves and check valves arranged sequentially on each branch, a corrugated expansion joint connected to the outlet of the bypass, and a lift well connected to the corrugated expansion joint. Based on the magnitude of the water hammer pressure, the bypass and / or branches cooperate to release pressure and divert water to the corrugated expansion joint. The expansion and contraction of the corrugated expansion joint absorbs pressure disturbance, dampens vibration transmission, and compensates for pipeline displacement to discharge water to the lift well.

2. The water hammer protection structure based on bypass and branch cooperative diversion as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bypass starting pressure is lower than the branch starting pressure.

3. The water hammer protection structure based on bypass and branch cooperative diversion as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outlets of the branch and bypass are connected by a through pipe, and the water extends outward from the through pipe to form a drainage pipe, wherein the self-expanding end of the corrugated expansion joint is connected to the drainage pipe.

4. The water hammer protection structure based on bypass and branch cooperative diversion according to claim 3, characterized in that: The through pipe is connected to the drainage pipe from the middle; and / or, the diameters of the bypass and branch pipes are equal and are D1, and the diameters of the through pipe and the drainage pipe are equal and are D2, where D2 > D1.

5. The water hammer protection structure based on bypass and branch cooperative diversion according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each branch is also equipped with a manual valve for maintenance, which is located between the pneumatic valve and the branch water inlet.

6. The water hammer protection structure based on bypass and branch cooperative diversion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corrugated expansion joint is fixedly inserted into the lifting shaft, and an overflow pipe is formed on one side of the top of the lifting shaft.

7. The water hammer protection structure based on bypass and branch cooperative diversion according to claim 6, characterized in that: The corrugated expansion joint is connected to the lower side of the lifting shaft.

8. The water hammer protection structure based on bypass and branch cooperative diversion according to claim 7, characterized in that: An interception net is also installed inside the lifting shaft, which is located between the corrugated expansion joint and the overflow pipe.

9. The water hammer protection structure based on bypass and branch cooperative diversion according to claim 8, characterized in that: The interception net is set at an angle from top to bottom, with the upper end corresponding to the side where the corrugated expansion joint is located and the lower end corresponding to the side where the overflow pipe is located.

10. The water hammer protection structure based on bypass and branch cooperative diversion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bypass gate valves include a manual gate valve and an electric gate valve arranged in sequence; the bypass and the branch are respectively equipped with automatic air release valves, wherein the automatic air release valves are located in front of the safety valve or check valve.

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