Seven-element dual-channel direction-finding antenna array

Abstract

This utility model discloses a seven-element dual-channel direction-finding antenna array, comprising: antenna elements, an upper radome, a lower radome, a support plate, a control interface, and a radio frequency (RF) interface. The upper and lower radomes are tightly fitted together to form a protective shell for the antenna array. Seven antenna elements are evenly mounted on the support plate. The support plate has a planar hollow structure and is fixedly installed inside the antenna array, tightly connected to the connection points of the upper and lower radomes. The invention is characterized by further including a switch matrix, which is installed below the support plate and above the lower radome at a central position and electrically connected to the antenna elements. The RF interface and control interface are installed on the lower radome and electrically connected to the switch matrix. This utility model addresses the problems of unreasonable antenna element distribution, poor radome protection and signal transmission performance, non-standard interface design, and redundant RF interfaces in existing antenna arrays.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of antenna communication technology, and in particular to a seven-element dual-channel direction-finding antenna array. Background Technology

[0002] Existing direction-finding antenna arrays have certain structural design flaws. First, the distribution of antenna elements lacks regularity, resulting in significant differences in signal reception from different directions. Second, radomes are often made of a single material and have a simple structure, making them unable to effectively resist interference from the external environment. In windy and rainy weather, radomes are easily corroded, affecting their lifespan; at the same time, when facing electromagnetic interference, internal signal reflection and refraction are severe, seriously affecting signal transmission quality. Third, the interface design is rather arbitrary, with inconsistent types and unreasonable placement of control and RF interfaces. Control interfaces may use custom types, incompatible with common control devices; RF interfaces are scattered, with complex wiring connections, posing significant difficulties for antenna array integration and maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems existing in current antenna arrays, this invention provides a seven-element dual-channel direction-finding antenna array to solve issues such as unreasonable antenna element distribution, poor radome protection and signal transmission performance, non-standard interface design, and redundant RF interfaces. This invention achieves this through the following technical solutions.

[0004] A seven-element dual-channel direction-finding antenna array includes: antenna elements, an upper radome, a lower radome, a support plate, a control interface, and a radio frequency interface; the upper and lower radomes are tightly fitted together to form a protective shell for the antenna array; there are seven antenna elements, evenly mounted on the support plate; the support plate has a planar hollow structure and is fixedly installed inside the antenna array; both sides of the support plate are fixedly connected to the connection points of the upper and lower radomes; the array is characterized by further including a switch matrix, which is installed below the support plate and above the lower radome at the middle position and electrically connected to the antenna elements; the radio frequency interface and the control interface are installed at the edge of the lower radome and electrically connected to the switch matrix.

[0005] Furthermore, the upper and lower radomes are made of glass fiber reinforced plastic and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Glass fiber reinforced plastic possesses excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, effectively resisting erosion from external environments such as wind and rain. PTFE has extremely low dielectric constant and loss tangent, resulting in minimal attenuation of electromagnetic waves and reducing signal loss during transmission.

[0006] Furthermore, the support plate has mounting holes and positioning elements distributed along its edge for fixing the antenna unit.

[0007] Furthermore, the support plate is made of epoxy resin.

[0008] Furthermore, the central angle spacing between adjacent array elements of the antenna unit is... .

[0009] Furthermore, the control interface adopts a standard GPIO interface, and the radio frequency interface is a dual-channel N-type interface.

[0010] Furthermore, the switch matrix adopts an integrated design and is connected to each antenna unit via radio frequency cables.

[0011] The present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] (1) The seven antenna elements of this utility model are evenly distributed on the circumference, which can receive signals in all directions evenly, improve the accuracy and stability of direction finding, and reduce the blind zone and difference of signal reception.

[0013] (2) The upper and lower radomes are made of glass fiber reinforced plastic and polytetrafluoroethylene with good wave transmission performance, and are connected to the support plate through a flange to form a closed space, which can effectively resist the interference of the external environment, reduce signal attenuation, and protect the internal components from damage.

[0014] (3) The control interface adopts the standard GPIO interface and the radio frequency interface is a dual-channel N-type interface, both of which comply with international standards. The layout is reasonable and easy to connect with external devices, which improves the compatibility and versatility of the antenna array, reduces the difficulty of installation and maintenance, and the dual-channel design optimizes the antenna performance and reduces the complexity of the system.

[0015] (4) The switch matrix adopts an integrated design, and the connection with the antenna unit, control interface and dual-channel RF interface is simple and reliable, which can realize the rapid switching and processing of signals and improve the working efficiency of the antenna array. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the seven-element dual-channel direction-finding antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of a seven-element dual-channel direction-finding antenna array according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gating principle of the seven-element dual-channel direction-finding antenna array in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0019] The diagram is labeled as follows: 101, antenna element; 102, upper radome; 103, lower radome; 104, support plate; 105, switch matrix; 106, control interface; 107, radio frequency interface. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] This embodiment provides a seven-element dual-channel direction-finding antenna array to solve the problems of unreasonable antenna element distribution, poor radome protection and signal transmission effect, non-standard interface design and redundant RF interfaces in existing antenna arrays. The seven-element dual-channel direction-finding antenna array of this embodiment includes: antenna element 101, upper radome 102, lower radome 103, support plate 104, switch matrix 105, control interface 106 and RF interface 107; the upper radome 102 and lower radome 103 are tightly connected to form the protective shell of the antenna array. The upper radome 102 and lower radome 103 are made of composite materials with good wave transmission performance, specifically glass fiber reinforced plastic and polytetrafluoroethylene. Glass fiber reinforced plastic has good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, and can effectively resist the erosion of external environment such as wind and rain; polytetrafluoroethylene has extremely low dielectric constant and loss tangent, and has a small attenuation effect on electromagnetic waves, which can reduce signal loss during transmission and protect internal components and reduce external interference.

[0022] The antenna element 101 has 7 components, such as... Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of a seven-element dual-channel direction-finding antenna array according to an embodiment of this utility model. The antenna elements 101 are arranged in a circular array with a radius of R, and are evenly distributed on the support plate 104. The central angle interval between adjacent array elements is [missing information]. The support plate 104 has a planar hollow structure and is installed inside the antenna array.

[0023] The support plate 104 is fixedly connected to the upper radome 102 and the lower radome 103 on both sides. The support plate is made of epoxy resin, which has high strength and stability.

[0024] The switch matrix 105 is installed below the support plate 104 and above the lower radome 103 at the middle position, and is electrically connected to the antenna unit 101. The switch matrix adopts an integrated design and is connected to each antenna unit through an RF cable to receive signals from the antenna unit. The switch matrix is ​​also connected to the control interface and RF interface through wires and RF lines. The switch matrix can switch and select signals from different antenna units according to the control signals transmitted from the control interface, and output the processed signals through the dual-channel RF interface.

[0025] The radio frequency interface 106 and control interface 107 are mounted on the lower antenna cover and electrically connected to the switch matrix. They are used to receive control signals from external control devices. The control signals include parameters such as antenna unit selection and activation, and operating mode. The pin definitions of the control interface conform to international standards, which facilitates connection with different control devices. The control interface adopts a standard GPIO interface.

[0026] The radio frequency interface is a dual-channel design, using two N-type female connectors. The two connectors are located on the edge of the lower radome and are arranged in an arc shape together with the control interface. Each radio frequency interface is connected to the switch matrix through an independent radio frequency cable, and can simultaneously output two radio frequency signals processed by the switch matrix. The radio frequency interface is installed by a threaded connection, which is secure and ensures stable signal transmission.

[0027] The working principle of a seven-element dual-channel direction-finding antenna array in this embodiment includes:

[0028] (1) Baseline combination construction: Send commands through the control interface to select one of antennas 1 and 4 (denoted as channel 1 element) in the switch matrix. Select one of the following: number 2, number 3, number 5, number 6, or number 7 (referred to as channel 2 array element). ), forming a baseline (i,j), baseline length The physical distance between the two antenna elements;

[0029] (2) Phase difference measurement: When the wavelength of the incident signal is Angle of incidence is At that time, the phase difference between the received signals of the two array elements is:

[0030]

[0031] in The initial phase shift can be calibrated.

[0032] (3) Multi-baseline joint solution: A system of equations is constructed using the phase difference data of 10 baselines, and solved by the least squares method or the maximum likelihood algorithm. This eliminates the 2π ambiguity problem of a single baseline and obtains the accurate orientation of the target source.

[0033] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model, but the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made by those skilled in the art to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this utility model without departing from the principles and spirit of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A seven-element dual-channel direction-finding antenna array, comprising: The antenna array comprises an antenna element, an upper radome, a lower radome, a support plate, a control interface, and a radio frequency interface. The upper and lower radomes are tightly fitted together to form a protective shell for the antenna array. Seven antenna elements are evenly mounted on the support plate. The support plate has a planar hollow structure and is fixedly installed inside the antenna array. Both sides of the support plate are fixedly connected to the connection points of the upper and lower radomes. The array is characterized by further including a switch matrix, which is installed below the support plate and above the lower radome at a midpoint and electrically connected to the antenna elements. The radio frequency interface and control interface are installed at the edge of the lower radome and electrically connected to the switch matrix.

2. The seven-element dual-channel direction-finding antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper and lower radomes are made of glass fiber reinforced plastic and polytetrafluoroethylene.

3. The seven-element dual-channel direction-finding antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support plate has mounting holes and positioning elements distributed along its edge for fixing the antenna unit.

4. The seven-element dual-channel direction-finding antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support plate has mounting holes and positioning elements distributed along its edge for fixing the antenna unit.

5. The seven-element dual-channel direction-finding antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central angle interval between adjacent array elements of the antenna unit is .

6. The seven-element dual-channel direction-finding antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control interface uses a standard GPIO interface, and the radio frequency interface is a dual-channel N-type interface.

7. The seven-element dual-channel direction-finding antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switch matrix adopts an integrated design and is connected to each antenna unit via radio frequency cables.

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