A single cell motor control circuit and motor controller

Abstract

This invention provides a single-battery motor control circuit and a motor controller, comprising: a battery; a boost circuit including a boost chip, an energy storage inductor, and a diode; a MOS switch at the turn-off pin of the boost chip; the two ends of the energy storage inductor connected to the input pin of the boost chip and the anode of the diode, respectively; and the cathode of the diode connected to the MOS switch; a chip driving circuit including a driver chip connected to the output of the boost circuit; and a microcontroller unit driving circuit including a voltage regulator and a microcontroller unit, with the voltage regulator connected between the output of the boost circuit and the microcontroller unit. This invention boosts the output voltage of the single battery through the boost circuit and simultaneously regulates the voltage through the voltage regulator, thus enabling the motor controller to operate normally with only a single battery power supply. Compared to conventional motor control technologies, this application offers advantages such as miniaturization, modularity, low cost, flexibility, and wide applicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power supply circuit technology, specifically to a single-battery motor control circuit and motor controller. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, electric motors have been widely used in many fields such as industry, transportation, and home appliances. As a key control component for motor operation, the performance and structural design of motor controllers have attracted much attention.

[0003] Most motor controllers on the market currently use a power supply method with two or more lithium batteries connected by battery brackets and nickel plates. This power supply structure has obvious drawbacks: on the one hand, the combination of multiple lithium batteries makes the overall size larger, which is difficult to adapt and install in some space-constrained applications, such as small portable devices and precision instruments with limited internal space, thus limiting the application range of motor controllers; on the other hand, the larger number of battery strings also increases cost and weight, which is not conducive to the development of lightweight and low-cost products.

[0004] Regarding power supply voltage compatibility, the MCU (Microcontroller Unit) used in motor control typically operates at DC 3.3-5V, while the driver chip usually requires DC 12V. However, lithium batteries have a voltage range of 2.7V-4.2V. When the battery voltage drops below 3.3V, the MCU cannot function properly, and the DC 12V requirement of the driver chip cannot be met. Therefore, current technologies struggle to provide stable power to motor controllers using a single battery, thus limiting the development of motor controllers. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the difficulty of stable power supply by a single battery in the prior art, and to provide a single battery motor control circuit and motor controller.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a single-battery motor control circuit, which includes: a battery; a boost circuit connected to the output terminal of the battery, the boost circuit including a boost chip, an energy storage inductor, and a diode; the boost chip including an input pin and a shutdown pin, the shutdown pin having a MOS switch; the two ends of the energy storage inductor being connected to the input pin of the boost chip and the anode of the diode, respectively; the cathode of the diode being connected to the MOS switch; a chip driving circuit including a driver chip connected to the output terminal of the boost circuit; and a microcontroller unit driving circuit including a voltage regulator and a microcontroller unit, the voltage regulator being connected between the output terminal of the boost circuit and the microcontroller unit.

[0007] In one embodiment of this utility model, the boost circuit further includes an enable resistor, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the battery output terminal and the enable pin of the boost chip.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the boost circuit further includes a first filter capacitor, which is disposed between the battery and the boost chip.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the boost circuit further includes a first voltage-regulating capacitor, which is connected between the ground pin of the boost chip and the cathode of the diode.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the boost circuit further includes a voltage divider circuit, which is connected to the feedback pin of the boost chip.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the voltage divider circuit includes a first voltage divider resistor and a second voltage divider resistor connected in parallel. The first voltage divider resistor is connected to the feedback pin of the boost chip, and the second voltage divider resistor is connected between the first voltage divider resistor and the ground pin of the boost chip.

[0012] In one embodiment of this utility model, the microcontroller unit driving circuit further includes a filter circuit and a voltage regulator circuit. The filter circuit is disposed between the output terminal of the boost circuit and the input terminal of the voltage regulator, and the voltage regulator circuit is disposed between the voltage regulator and the microcontroller unit.

[0013] In one embodiment of this utility model, the filtering circuit includes a second filtering capacitor and a third filtering capacitor connected in parallel, and the capacitance values ​​of the second filtering capacitor and the third filtering capacitor are different.

[0014] In one embodiment of this utility model, the voltage regulator circuit includes a second voltage regulator capacitor and a third voltage regulator capacitor connected in parallel.

[0015] This utility model also provides a motor controller, which includes the above-described single-battery motor control circuit.

[0016] The above-mentioned technical solution of this utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0017] The single-battery motor control circuit and motor controller described in this utility model increase the output voltage of the single battery through a boost circuit, making it match the power supply voltage required by the driver chip. Simultaneously, a voltage regulator performs secondary voltage regulation, making it match the power supply voltage required by the microcontroller unit. Thus, all parts of the motor controller circuit can be driven normally by powering only a single battery. Compared with current conventional motor control technologies, this application has advantages such as miniaturization, modularity, low cost, flexible use, and wide applicability, and has broad application prospects in this industry. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To make the content of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the battery and boost circuit in the single-battery motor control circuit of the preferred embodiment of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the chip driver circuit in the single-cell motor control circuit.

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the microcontroller unit drive circuit in the single-cell motor control circuit.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 100, Battery; 200, Boost circuit; 210, Boost chip; EN, Enable pin; IN, Input pin; FB, Feedback pin; SW, Shutdown pin; GND, Ground pin; 220, Voltage divider circuit; R1, First voltage divider resistor; R2, Second voltage divider resistor; R3, Enable resistor; D1, Diode; L1, Energy storage inductor; C1, First filter capacitor; C2, First voltage regulator capacitor; 300, Chip driver circuit; 310, Driver chip; 400, Microcontroller unit driver circuit; 410, Microcontroller unit; 420, Voltage regulator; C3, Second filter capacitor; C4, Third filter capacitor; C5, Second voltage regulator capacitor; C6, Third voltage regulator capacitor. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0024] Example 1:

[0025] See Figures 1 to 3As shown, this embodiment provides a single-battery motor control circuit, which includes: a battery 100, a boost circuit 200 connected to the output terminal of the battery 100, the boost circuit 200 including a boost chip 210, an energy storage inductor L1, and a diode D1, the boost chip 210 including an input pin IN and a shutdown pin SW, a MOS switch being provided at the shutdown pin SW, the two ends of the energy storage inductor L1 being respectively connected to the input pin IN of the boost chip 210 and the anode of the diode D1, the cathode of the diode D1 being connected to the MOS switch; a chip driving circuit 300 including a driving chip 310 connected to the output terminal of the boost circuit 200; and a microcontroller unit driving circuit 400 including a voltage regulator 420 and a microcontroller unit 410, the voltage regulator 420 being connected between the output terminal of the boost circuit 200 and the microcontroller unit 410.

[0026] The single-battery motor control circuit described in this embodiment boosts the output voltage of the single battery 100 through a boost circuit 200, making it match the power supply voltage required by the driver chip 310. Simultaneously, a voltage regulator 420 performs secondary voltage regulation to match the power supply voltage required by the microcontroller unit 410. Thus, the various circuits of the motor controller can operate normally powered solely by the single battery 100. Compared to conventional motor control technologies at present, this application offers advantages such as miniaturization, modularity, low cost, flexibility, and wide applicability, and has broad application prospects in the industry.

[0027] It should be noted that the microcontroller unit (MCU) 410 in the motor controller typically requires a drive voltage of 3.3-5V, while the drive chip 310 typically requires a drive voltage of 12V. Therefore, in conventional structures, multiple batteries are required to meet the power supply needs. In this embodiment, the battery 100 is preferably a single 3.7V lithium battery. The boost circuit 200 is used to increase the output voltage of the battery 100 to 12V, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the chip drive circuit 300. Correspondingly, the MCU drive circuit 400 can adjust the 12V voltage to 5V to ensure the normal operation of the MCU drive circuit 400.

[0028] In this circuit, when the internal MOS switch is on, diode D1 exhibits reverse cutoff characteristics. At this time, the current path of the input battery is strictly limited to prevent a short circuit between the input battery and ground (GND). When the internal MOS switch is off, the energy storage inductor L1, which stored energy during the on-phase, begins to release energy. Due to the characteristics of the energy storage inductor L1, its current cannot change abruptly. At the instant the switch is turned off, an induced electromotive force (EMF) is generated across the inductor. This induced EMF causes diode D1 to be forward-biased, thus providing a path for the energy released by the inductor. Diode D1 smoothly transfers the energy released by the inductor to the output terminal, charging the output capacitor and supplying power to the load. Furthermore, when diode D1 is on, there is a certain voltage drop across it. This voltage drop causes some electrical energy to be lost as heat. To reduce this loss, this embodiment preferably uses a low-voltage-drop, fast-recovery Schottky diode to avoid increased energy loss and degraded circuit performance due to excessively long diode recovery time.

[0029] See Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the boost circuit 200 further includes an enable resistor R3, the two ends of which are connected to the battery output terminal and the enable pin EN of the boost chip 210, respectively. By connecting the enable resistor R3 to the battery output terminal and the enable pin EN of the boost chip 210, this application can precisely control the startup of the boost chip 210. The boost chip 210 will only start working and perform its boost function when the battery output terminal provides a suitable level signal to the enable pin EN through the enable resistor R3. This avoids accidental startup of the circuit when boosting is not needed, improving the accuracy and reliability of the circuit operation. Furthermore, when the boost circuit 200 is not needed, the enable signal of the chip can be cut off by controlling the level of the enable pin EN using the enable resistor R3, putting the boost chip 210 into a low-power or sleep state, thereby reducing the overall energy consumption of the circuit and achieving energy saving.

[0030] Furthermore, the boost circuit 200 in this embodiment also includes a first filter capacitor C1, which is disposed between the battery 100 and the boost chip 210.

[0031] It should be noted that the voltage output by battery 100 may fluctuate or have ripple, especially when the battery charge changes or the load current changes. The first filter capacitor C1 can utilize its charging and discharging characteristics to smooth the voltage output by battery 100. When the voltage rises, the capacitor charges and stores energy; when the voltage drops, the capacitor discharges and releases energy, thereby reducing the voltage fluctuation amplitude and providing a relatively stable DC input voltage for the boost chip 210, which helps improve the operating stability and efficiency of the boost chip 210. Furthermore, the boost circuit 200 also includes a first voltage-regulating capacitor C2, which is connected between the ground pin GND of the boost chip 210 and the cathode of the diode D1.

[0032] In this embodiment, the voltage of the cathode of diode D1 is coupled to the chip ground pin GND through the first voltage-stabilizing capacitor C2, ensuring the potential of the chip ground pin GND is stable, thereby ensuring the voltage difference between each pin of the chip is stable, so that the boost chip 210 can operate under a stable operating voltage, which helps to improve the stability and reliability of the chip operation and reduce the chip performance degradation or malfunction caused by voltage fluctuations.

[0033] Furthermore, the boost circuit 200 in this embodiment also includes a voltage divider circuit 220, which is connected to the feedback pin FB of the boost chip 210. Specifically, the voltage divider circuit 220 consists of a first voltage divider resistor R1 and a second voltage divider resistor R2 connected in parallel. The first voltage divider resistor R1 is connected to the feedback pin FB of the boost chip 210, and the second voltage divider resistor R2 is connected between the first voltage divider resistor R1 and the ground pin GND of the boost chip 210. Specifically, the voltage divider circuit 220, composed of the first voltage divider resistor R1 and the second voltage divider resistor R2, can sample the voltage of the cathode of diode D1 and feed the sampled voltage back to the feedback pin FB of the boost chip 210. According to the voltage divider principle, by appropriately selecting the resistance values ​​of the first voltage divider resistor R1 and the second voltage divider resistor R2, the voltage value of the feedback pin FB can be accurately set, thereby enabling the boost chip 210 to output the required stable voltage. Specifically, the formula for adjusting the output voltage through the voltage divider circuit 220 in this embodiment is: V OUT =V FB ×(R1+R2) / R2. Furthermore, by measuring the voltage value of the voltage divider circuit 220, it is possible to quickly determine whether the output voltage is normal and whether the boost chip 210 is functioning properly. If the output voltage is found to be unsuitable, calibration can be performed simply by adjusting the resistance value of the voltage divider resistors, greatly improving the efficiency of debugging and maintenance.

[0034] See Figure 3As shown, the microcontroller unit drive circuit 400 further includes a filter circuit and a voltage regulator circuit. The filter circuit is located between the output terminal of the boost circuit 200 and the input terminal of the voltage regulator 420, and the voltage regulator circuit is located between the voltage regulator 420 and the microcontroller unit 410. The filter circuit prevents noise in the boost circuit output from interfering with sensitive components in subsequent circuits, reducing the incidence of circuit failures and extending component lifespan. The voltage regulator circuit ensures that the microcontroller unit 410 operates normally under various conditions, improving system reliability and stability. Specifically, in this embodiment, the filter circuit includes a second filter capacitor C3 and a third filter capacitor C4 connected in parallel, with different capacitance values ​​to cover a wider frequency range. The voltage regulator circuit includes a second voltage regulator capacitor C5 and a third voltage regulator capacitor C6 connected in parallel.

[0035] Example 2:

[0036] This embodiment provides a motor controller, which includes the single-battery motor control circuit described in Embodiment 1.

[0037] In summary, the single-battery motor control circuit and motor controller described in this utility model increase the output voltage of the single battery 100 through the boost circuit 200 so that it can match the power supply voltage required by the drive chip 310. At the same time, the voltage is further regulated by the voltage regulator 420 so that it can match the power supply voltage required by the microcontroller unit 410. Thus, the various circuits of the motor controller can be driven normally by powering only the single battery 100.

[0038] Compared with conventional motor control technologies at present, this application has the advantages of miniaturization, modularity, low cost, flexible use and wide applicability, and has broad application prospects in this industry.

[0039] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A single-battery motor control circuit, characterized in that: include: Battery; A boost circuit is connected to the output terminal of the battery. It includes a boost chip, an energy storage inductor, and a diode. The boost chip includes an input pin and a shutdown pin. A MOS switch is provided at the shutdown pin. The two ends of the energy storage inductor are respectively connected to the input pin of the boost chip and the anode of the diode. The cathode of the diode is connected to the MOS switch. A chip driving circuit, the chip driving circuit including a driving chip, the driving chip being connected to the output terminal of the boost circuit; A microcontroller unit driving circuit, comprising a voltage regulator and a microcontroller unit, wherein the voltage regulator is connected between the output terminal of the boost circuit and the microcontroller unit.

2. The single-battery motor control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The boost circuit also includes an enable resistor, the two ends of which are connected to the output terminal of the battery and the enable pin of the boost chip, respectively.

3. The single-battery motor control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The boost circuit also includes a first filter capacitor, which is disposed between the battery and the boost chip.

4. The single-battery motor control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The boost circuit also includes a first voltage-regulating capacitor, which is connected between the ground pin of the boost chip and the cathode of the diode.

5. The single-battery motor control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The boost circuit also includes a voltage divider circuit, which is connected to the feedback pin of the boost chip.

6. The single-battery motor control circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The voltage divider circuit includes a first voltage divider resistor and a second voltage divider resistor connected in parallel. The first voltage divider resistor is connected to the feedback pin of the boost chip, and the second voltage divider resistor is connected between the first voltage divider resistor and the ground pin of the boost chip.

7. The single-battery motor control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microcontroller unit drive circuit also includes a filter circuit and a voltage regulator circuit. The filter circuit is located between the output terminal of the boost circuit and the input terminal of the voltage regulator, and the voltage regulator circuit is located between the voltage regulator and the microcontroller unit.

8. The single-battery motor control circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The filtering circuit includes a second filtering capacitor and a third filtering capacitor connected in parallel, and the capacitance values ​​of the second filtering capacitor and the third filtering capacitor are different.

9. The single-battery motor control circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The voltage regulator circuit includes a second voltage regulator capacitor and a third voltage regulator capacitor connected in parallel.

10. A motor controller, characterized in that: Includes the single-battery motor control circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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