Laser welding apparatus and welding assembly line

Abstract

The utility model relates to laser welding equipment and welding assembly line, including laser emission mechanism, loading platform, pre -press mechanism, along the laser welding equipment height direction projection, the pressure head projection area of pre -press mechanism is less than the loading platform projection area, the pressure head can be moved to the different area of loading platform at least, laser welding equipment has first working condition and second working condition, in first working condition and second working condition, in first working condition, along the laser welding equipment height direction, define the projection area of pressure head to loading platform as first area, the pressure head can force to the work piece located in first area, laser emission mechanism can carry out laser welding to the work piece in the adjacent area of first area, in second working condition, along the laser welding equipment height direction, define the projection area of pressure head to loading platform as second area, the pressure head can force to the work piece located in second area, laser emission mechanism can carry out laser welding to the work piece in the adjacent area of second area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of welding technology, specifically to a device and welding assembly line capable of laser welding at least one thin part in an assembly. Background Technology

[0002] Welding is widely used in the assembly and manufacturing of parts. Specific welding methods include argon arc welding, brazing, and laser welding. Users can choose the appropriate welding method based on the shape, structure, and material characteristics of the parts. Some parts to be welded have one or more thin components. These parts need to be pre-fixed before welding. This is because thinner parts are more susceptible to deformation under stress and heat. If they are not fixed before brazing, the consistency between different areas during brazing will be poor. Therefore, to ensure welding consistency, the parts need to be pre-fixed before brazing. Generally, specific tooling is used for pre-fixation. Welding after pre-fixation results in better consistency. However, the tooling is bulky and absorbs heat from the brazing furnace, leading to significant energy loss. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides a laser welding equipment and welding assembly line, which can be used for pre-fixation of components with thin parts before brazing, and the welding assembly line can reduce the energy loss absorbed by traditional tooling.

[0004] This application provides a laser welding device, including a laser emitting mechanism, a loading table, and a pre-pressing mechanism. Projected along the height direction of the laser welding device, the projected area of ​​the pressure head of the pre-pressing mechanism is smaller than the projected area of ​​the loading table. The pressure head can move to at least different areas corresponding to the loading table. The laser welding device has a first working state and a second working state. In both the first and second working states, the pressure head is located above the loading table along the height direction of the laser welding device. In the first working state, along the height direction of the laser welding device, the projected area of ​​the pressure head onto the loading table is defined as a first region, and the pressure head can apply force to a workpiece located in the first region. At least a portion of the pressure-affected area of ​​the pressure head applying force to the workpiece in the first region is defined as a first radiation region, and the laser emitting mechanism can perform laser welding on the workpiece within the first radiation region. In the second working state, along the height direction of the laser welding device, the projected area of ​​the pressure head onto the loading table is defined as a second region, and the pressure head can apply force to a workpiece located in the second region. At least a portion of the pressure-affected area of ​​the pressure head applying force to the workpiece in the second region is defined as a second radiation region, and the laser emitting mechanism can perform laser welding on the workpiece within the second radiation region. In this way, the pressure head applies pressure to the workpiece in the first region, and the laser welding mechanism performs laser welding on the workpiece in the first radiation region, achieving pre-fixation of the workpiece in the first radiation region. Similarly, the pressure head applies pressure to the workpiece in the second region, and the laser welding mechanism performs laser welding on the workpiece in the second radiation region, achieving pre-fixation of the workpiece in the second radiation region. Thus, thinner parts can be pre-fixed before brazing, resulting in good welding consistency and reducing energy loss absorbed by traditional brazing fixtures.

[0005] This application also provides a welding assembly line, including a laser spot welding pre-fixing station and a brazing station. The laser spot welding pre-fixing station is a process preceding the brazing station. The laser spot welding pre-fixing station is equipped with laser welding equipment, which includes a laser emitting mechanism, a loading platform, and a pre-pressing mechanism. Projected along the height direction of the laser welding equipment, the projected area of ​​the pressure head of the pre-pressing mechanism is smaller than the projected area of ​​the loading platform. The pressure head can move to at least different areas corresponding to the loading platform. The laser welding equipment has a first working state and a second working state. In both working states, the pressure head is located above the loading platform in the height direction of the laser welding equipment. In the first working state, the pressure head moves along the laser emitting mechanism. In the height direction of the laser welding equipment, the projection area of ​​the pressure head onto the loading table is defined as a first region. The pressure head can apply force to the workpiece located in the first region. At least a portion of the pressure-affected area of ​​the pressure head applying force to the workpiece in the first region is defined as a first radiation region. The laser emitting mechanism can perform laser welding on the workpiece within the first radiation region. In the second working state, along the height direction of the laser welding equipment, the projection area of ​​the pressure head onto the loading table is defined as a second region, and the pressure head can apply force to the workpiece located in the second region. At least a portion of the pressure-affected area of ​​the pressure head applying force to the workpiece in the second region is defined as a second radiation region. The laser emitting mechanism can perform laser welding on the workpiece within the second radiation region.

[0006] The aforementioned assembly line enables each pre-fixed part of the component to be welded to have a relatively uniform pre-fixing force, thereby achieving a better brazing effect for the component and saving the heat loss absorbed by the brazing pre-fixing fixture. Attached Figure Description

[0007] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a laser welding device in one embodiment of this application;

[0008] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic of the preloading mechanism.

[0009] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the press-fit assembly of the pre-compression mechanism shown;

[0010] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The diagram shows a bottom view of the press-fit assembly.

[0011] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of the press-fit assembly AA' is shown below;

[0012] Figure 6 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a pre-fixed assembly for a laser welding equipment.

[0013] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of a laser welding device according to another embodiment of this application;

[0014] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a welding assembly line according to an embodiment of this application;

[0015] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A partial schematic diagram of the laser welding equipment in operation on the assembly line;

[0016] Figure 10 for Figure 9 The diagram shows a partial top view of the laser welding equipment in operation. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the purpose, technical solution and technical effects of this utility model easier to understand, the following description is provided in conjunction with embodiments.

[0018] This application is applicable to the pre-fixation of components with thinner parts before welding, and also to components with larger area dimensions, and even to components with larger area dimensions and thinner parts, such as automotive parts, cold-rolled steel plates, and runner plates. As described in the background art, thinner parts are more prone to deformation under stress and heat; larger parts have larger welding points, and are also prone to deformation under uneven stress or heat; components with larger area dimensions and thinner parts are more prone to deformation when brazed due to their large welding area and thinness. If they are not fixed before brazing, the welding consistency in different areas will be poor. Therefore, in order to ensure welding consistency, the components need to be pre-fixed before brazing. Generally, pre-fixation is done using specific tooling, and welding after pre-fixation results in better consistency. However, the tooling is large and absorbs heat from the brazing furnace, resulting in significant energy loss.

[0019] Therefore, considering energy loss and welding consistency, the inventors designed a method that eliminates the need for additional tooling during welding, achieving pre-fixation via laser welding before welding. Using this method, each pre-fixed point on the component must have good clamping force during brazing, and this clamping force must be highly consistent, thus better ensuring the welding consistency of the components.

[0020] This application provides a laser welding device, including a laser emitting mechanism 2, a loading platform 3, and a pre-pressing mechanism 1. Projected along the height direction of the laser welding device, the projected area of ​​the pressure head 111 of the pre-pressing mechanism 1 is smaller than the projected area of ​​the loading platform 3. The pressure head 111 is movable relative to the loading platform 3, and can move to at least different areas corresponding to the loading platform 3. The laser welding device has a first working state and a second working state. In both working states, the pressure head 111 is positioned above the loading platform 3 along the height direction of the laser welding device. In the first working state, the projection area of ​​the pressure head 111 onto the loading platform along the height direction of the laser welding device is defined as the first region 11. 11. The pressure head 111 is capable of applying force to the workpiece located in the first region 1111. At least a portion of the pressure-affected area of ​​the pressure head 111 applying force to the workpiece in the first region 1111 is defined as the first radiation region 1112. The laser emitting mechanism is capable of laser welding the workpiece in the first radiation region 1112. In the second working state, along the height direction of the laser welding equipment, the projection area of ​​the pressure head 111 onto the loading table is defined as the second region, and the pressure head 111 is capable of applying force to the workpiece located in the second region. At least a portion of the pressure-affected area of ​​the pressure head 111 applying force to the workpiece in the second region is defined as the second radiation region. The laser emitting mechanism is capable of laser welding the workpiece in the second radiation region.

[0021] When the laser welding equipment is in operation, the pressure head can move to at least different areas corresponding to the loading platform. In the first working state, the pressure head 111 can apply force to the workpiece located in the first area 1111, and the laser emitting mechanism can be used for laser welding of the workpiece within the first radiation area. In the second working state, the pressure head 111 can apply force to the workpiece located in the second area, and the laser emitting mechanism can be used for laser welding of the workpiece within the second radiation area, and the projected area of ​​the pressure head is smaller than the projected area of ​​the loading platform 3. Thus, during laser welding, the area to be laser welded is within the influence area of ​​the pressure head's force, ensuring that the area to be laser welded during laser welding is always subjected to the force of the pressure head, thereby ensuring the consistency of the clamping force in the pre-fixed area and the welding consistency of subsequent brazing. Compared to using a pre-pressing mechanism with a fixed position for parts, this application further improves the consistency of the clamping force in the pre-fixed area.

[0022] As one implementation method, refer to Figure 1 As shown, the laser welding equipment includes a machine base 7, a laser emitting mechanism 2, a loading platform 3, and a pre-pressing mechanism 1. The loading platform 3 and the pre-pressing mechanism 1 are fixed to the machine base 7. The laser emitting mechanism 2 can be fixed to the machine base 7 or fixed to the ground. In this embodiment, a laser mounting base 8 is provided on one side of the machine base 7. The mounting cylinder 21 of the laser emitting mechanism is fixedly installed on the laser mounting base 8, and the laser emitting head 22 of the laser emitting mechanism is located at the end of the mounting cylinder 21 away from the laser mounting base 8.

[0023] The pre-compression mechanism 1 includes an actuating component and a fixing component. The actuating component can move along the height direction of the laser welding equipment. The lower end of the actuating component has a pressure head 111, which can be used to abut against the component to be pre-fixed on the loading platform to apply force to it.

[0024] The laser emitting mechanism 2 is capable of emitting a laser for laser welding at specific locations of components to be pre-fixed. In this embodiment, the laser emitting mechanism 2 is movable, moving with the pre-pressure mechanism 1. When the pressure head 111 applies force to the workpiece located in the first region 1111, the laser emitting mechanism can perform laser welding on at least a portion of the pressure-affected area of ​​the pressure applied by the pressure head 111 to the workpiece in the first region 1111; when the pressure head applies force to the workpiece located in the second region, the laser emitting mechanism can perform laser welding on at least a portion of the pressure-affected area of ​​the pressure applied by the pressure head 111 to the workpiece in the second region.

[0025] refer to Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, in the working state of the laser welding equipment, the contact surface between the workpiece and the pressure head 111 in the first region is defined as the first plane S0, the first region 1111 is the projection area of ​​the pressure head 111 along the height direction of the laser welding equipment, at least a portion of the pressure-affected area where the pressure head 111 applies force to the workpiece in the first region 1111 is defined as the first radiation region, the outer edge of the first radiation region 1112 is defined as the second outer edge 1112B, and the outer edge of the first region 1111 is defined as the first outer edge 1111B. Figure 10 As shown, within the first region, the contact surface between the workpiece and the pressure head 111 is defined by the x-axis and y-axis. The surface defined by the extension of the x-axis and y-axis is the reference plane S0. Within the reference plane S0, the adjacent distance between the second outer edge 1112B and the first outer edge 1111B is 2-4 cm. Similarly, the contact surface between the workpiece and the pressure head 111 within the second region is defined as the second plane S1. The second region is the projection area of ​​the pressure head 111 along the height direction of the laser welding equipment. At least a portion of the pressure-affected area where the pressure head 111 applies force to the workpiece in the second region is defined as the second radiation zone. It can be understood that the second radiation zone can be the entire pressure-affected area where the pressure head 111 applies force to the workpiece in the second region, or it can be a part of the pressure-affected area where the pressure head 111 applies force to the workpiece in the second region. The outer edge of the second radiation zone is defined as the fourth outer edge, and the outer edge of the second region is defined as the third outer edge. Within the second plane S1, the adjacent distance between the fourth outer edge and the third outer edge is 2-4 cm. In this way, the laser welding area is ensured to be within the radiation range of the pre-pressing mechanism, guaranteeing the necessary clamping force between the parts to be pre-fixed. Furthermore, the laser welding mechanism reduces interference between the laser welding mechanism and the pressure head 111 when performing laser welding on workpieces within the first or second radiation zone.

[0026] Furthermore, the projected area of ​​the pressure head is much smaller than that of the loading platform, for example, less than 1 / 3 or even less than 1 / 5 of the loading platform's projected area. A smaller pressure head area means a smaller force application area, which better ensures the consistency of force application within that area. If the force application area is too large, the force radiation range will be too wide, leading to uneven force distribution at some points, thus affecting the consistency of force application during laser welding.

[0027] The pressure head can also be equipped with a pressure sensor, which can be used to provide feedback on the downward pressure applied by the pre-compression mechanism, thereby further improving the consistency and accuracy of the force on the parts to be pre-fixed.

[0028] In some embodiments, the pre-pressing mechanism may also include a control module 12, which can provide feedback on the distance by which the pressure head 111 moves downward in the height direction of the laser welding equipment while applying force to the workpiece in the first region 1111 or the workpiece in the second region. Monitoring the distance by which the pressure head 111 moves downward in the height direction of the laser welding equipment allows for monitoring of the pre-fixing pressing process, ensuring a relatively consistent pre-fixing force at each pressing point.

[0029] In this embodiment, the control module 12 includes a probe 122 and a controller 121. Along the height direction of the laser welding equipment, the probe 122 is located below the controller 121. The probe 122 provides feedback on the distance the pressure head 111 moves downward in the height direction of the laser welding equipment as it applies force to the workpiece in the first region 1111 or the workpiece in the second region. This allows monitoring of the distance the pressure head 111 moves to achieve a pressing force adapted to the structure or shape of the component to be welded, further improving the consistency of the pre-fixing force at each welding point.

[0030] In this embodiment, along the height direction of the laser welding equipment, the axis of the control module 12 is parallel to the axis of the press assembly 11.

[0031] The "height direction of laser welding equipment" in this application is specifically as follows: Figure 2 As shown in the h direction, the axis of the control module 12 is set parallel to the axis of the pressing assembly 11, and the axis of the control module 12 is approximately parallel to the height direction of the laser welding equipment. In this way, the internal space of the pre-pressing mechanism 1 can be effectively utilized, and the accuracy of the probe 122 in the control module 12 in detecting the moving distance of the pressure head 111 can be improved.

[0032] In addition, the controller can also record and provide feedback on the movement path of the pre-pressing mechanism. The laser welding equipment can adaptively adjust the movement path of the laser emitting mechanism 2 to ensure that the distance between the first area 1111 pressed by the pressure head 111 and the outer edge of the first radiation area of ​​the laser emitting mechanism welding operation is within a certain range. The distance range can be within 2-4 cm between the outer edge of the first area 1111 and the outer edge of the first radiation area of ​​the laser emitting mechanism welding operation.

[0033] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the pre-compression mechanism 1 has a connecting plate 14 and a pre-compression cylinder 13. The pre-compression cylinder 13 is connected to one end of the connecting plate 14 near the laser emitting mechanism 2. The pressing assembly 11 is connected to the pre-compression cylinder 13. Along the height direction of the pre-compression cylinder 13, the pressing assembly 11 can move relative to the pre-compression cylinder 13. The control module 12 includes a probe 122 and a controller 121. Along the height direction of the pre-compression cylinder 13, the probe 122 is located below the controller 121. Along a direction approximately perpendicular to the height direction of the pre-compression cylinder 13, the controller 121 is connected to the side wall of the pre-compression cylinder 13.

[0034] Specifically, such as Figures 3-5 As shown, the press assembly 11 includes a press head 111 and a telescopic rod 112. The telescopic rod 112 is connected to a pre-pressurization cylinder 13. A pressure sensor is located on the lower end of the press head 111 away from the pre-pressurization cylinder 13. The pressure sensor can provide feedback on the pressure applied by the press head 111. In this embodiment, a pressure sensor can also be provided on the lower end of the press head 111 away from the pre-pressurization cylinder 13. This allows for feedback on the pressure applied by the press head, controlling the degree of pressing of the press head 111 onto the assembly to be welded, so that the assembly to be welded has a suitable pre-fixing force range, i.e., meeting the pre-fixing force requirements before brazing.

[0035] In this embodiment, three telescopic rods 112 are evenly distributed along the length of the pressure head 111. Parts of the telescopic rods 112 are embedded in the body of the pressure head 111, and pins 113 connect the telescopic rods 112 to the pressure head 111. In other embodiments, the telescopic rods 112 may be one or other numbers, which can be adjusted according to the structure, shape, and size of the pre-fixed part of the component to be welded. In this embodiment, one arrangement of the pressure sensor is as follows: the pressure sensor is located at the end of the telescopic rod 112 near the middle; alternatively, the pressure sensor covers most of the lower end face of the pressure head 111.

[0036] In this embodiment, the laser welding equipment has a moving module, and the pre-pressing mechanism 1 is located within the moving module. The moving module can drive the pre-pressing mechanism 1 to move horizontally. Thus, the moving module can move the pre-pressing mechanism 1 above the loading platform 3. In the first working state, the moving module moves the pre-pressing mechanism to a first coordinate, and the pressure head 111 is located above the loading platform 3. Along the height direction of the laser welding equipment, the projection of the pressure head onto the loading platform is defined as the first region 1111. The pressure head moves downwards to pre-press the workpiece within the first region 1111. The laser emitting mechanism moves to the workpiece within the first radiation zone for laser welding.

[0037] Specifically, in this embodiment, the movable module includes a movable slide bar 4. In the first working state and the second working state, the movable slide bar 4 is located above the loading platform 3 along the height direction of the laser welding equipment. The pre-pressing mechanism 1 is slidably engaged with the movable slide bar 4. The laser welding equipment has a sliding support assembly 6, which is located on the machine base 7. The movable slide bar 4 is slidably connected to the end of the sliding support assembly 6 away from the machine base 7. Both the movable slide bar 4 and the sliding support assembly 6 are projected onto the machine base 7. The projection of the movable slide bar 4 is approximately perpendicular to the projection of the sliding support assembly 6.

[0038] Specifically, the connecting plate 14 of the pre-compression mechanism 1 is slidably connected to the movable slide rod 4. The movable slide rod 4 has a sliding conveying track 41 and a sliding mounting plate 42. The sliding conveying track 41 is located on the sliding mounting plate 42. The connecting plate 14 is slidably engaged with the sliding conveying track 41, and the sliding mounting plate 42 is slidably connected to the sliding support assembly 6. In this way, the pre-compression mechanism can move in the horizontal plane. In conjunction with the pre-compression cylinder 13 driving the pressure head to move downward, the pressure head can move in space.

[0039] This configuration reduces interference between the movable slide bar 4 and the loading platform 3. By coordinating the movement direction of the movable slide bar 4 on the sliding support assembly 6 and the movement direction of the pre-pressing mechanism on the movable slide bar 4, the pre-pressing mechanism can be moved to any position above the loading platform to adapt to the position of each pre-fixed point on the component to be welded, thereby achieving pre-pressing at each pre-fixed point.

[0040] In this embodiment, at least a portion of the loading platform 3 is rotatable in a horizontal plane. In a first working state, the position to which at least a portion of the loading platform 3 can rotate is defined as a first position. The pre-pressure cylinder 13 can drive the pressure head 111 to apply force to the workpiece in the first region, and the laser emitting mechanism can perform laser welding on the workpiece in the first radiation zone at the first position. In a second working state, the position to which at least a portion of the loading platform 3 can rotate is defined as a second position. The pre-pressure cylinder 13 can drive the pressure head 111 to apply force to the workpiece in the second region, and the laser emitting mechanism can perform laser welding on the workpiece in the second radiation zone at the second position. Thus, with the loading platform that is at least partially rotatable, laser spot welding pre-fixation of more concealed parts can be achieved, allowing the laser welding equipment to adapt to laser spot welding pre-fixation of more components to be welded.

[0041] Furthermore, the loading platform 3 is at least partially rotatable. The loading platform 3 includes a sliding plate 35, a rotating mechanism 33, a connecting column 34, and a bearing plate 31. The sliding plate 35 is slidably engaged with the loading slide rail 5. The connecting column 34 is located on the end of the sliding plate 35 away from the loading slide rail 5. The bearing plate 31 is located on the end of the connecting column 34 away from the sliding plate 35. The rotating mechanism 33 is located between the sliding plate 35 and the bearing plate 31. The rotating mechanism 33 can drive the bearing plate 31 to rotate approximately in a horizontal plane. Thus, when the component to be welded is placed on the bearing plate 31, the rotating mechanism 33 can drive the bearing plate 31 to rotate approximately in a horizontal plane, rotating each pre-fixed part of the component to be welded to a position within the laser spot welding range of the laser emitting mechanism. This enables laser spot welding of pre-fixed parts that are relatively concealed or prone to interference. The flow channel plate has a more complex structure than other components. In this embodiment, the rotating mechanism 33, in conjunction with the movable laser emitting mechanism 2 and the pre-pressing mechanism 1, performs laser spot welding on the flow channel plate, enabling welding of relatively concealed or prone to interference areas.

[0042] In some embodiments, the rotating mechanism 33 may be a rotary motor or a mechanical rotating structure.

[0043] In other embodiments, the rotating mechanism 33 can perform multi-point laser spot welding, and in conjunction with the laser emitting mechanism 2 with a relatively fixed position, it can also perform multi-point laser spot welding.

[0044] like Figure 6As shown, the loading platform 3 includes two pre-fixing components 32, which are located on the support plate 31. Each pre-fixing component 32 includes a fixing post 321, a pressure lever 325, a mounting arm 322, a lever extension arm 324, and a pre-fixing shaft 323. The fixing post 321 is located on the support plate 31, and the mounting arm 322 is located on the side of the fixing post 321 away from the support plate 31. The pressure lever 325 is connected to the mounting arm 322, and the lever extension arm 324 is located at one end of the pressure lever 325. The pre-fixing shaft 323 is connected to the end of the lever extension arm 324 away from the pressure lever 325. Projected onto the support plate 31, the projection of the pre-fixing shaft 323 is outside the projection of the fixing post 321. This allows for the initial positioning of the component to be welded on the support plate 31, reducing displacement of the component during the movement of the loading platform 3. During operation, the pressure lever 325 is pressed down, the pre-fixed shaft 323 moves obliquely upward, the component to be welded is placed on the bearing plate 31, the pressure lever 325 is released, the pre-fixed shaft 323 presses on the component to be welded, and the initial position of the component to be welded is fixed.

[0045] In this embodiment, two pre-fixing components 32 are arranged approximately diagonally on the support plate 31, resulting in a simple structure and enabling relatively stable initial fixation of the components to be welded. In other embodiments, the pre-fixing components 32 can be configured according to the shape and size of the components to be welded, and can be configured as several pre-fixing components arranged circumferentially along the components to be welded, or as an integral structure.

[0046] In this embodiment, the laser emitting mechanism 2 has a laser welding head 22, which can be moved to any position above the loading platform 3; the laser welding equipment includes a loading slide rail 5; the loading platform 3 is located on the loading slide rail 5, and the loading platform 3 can reciprocate on the loading slide rail 5. Thus, a manual or robotic loading position can be set on the side of the pre-pressing mechanism 1 away from the laser emitting mechanism 2, reducing interference between the loading personnel or robot and the laser emitting mechanism. In this embodiment, the laser emitting mechanism 2 can be capable of four-axis movement or a six-axis laser welding robot to facilitate laser spot welding of pre-fixed points.

[0047] In some other embodiments, the laser emitting mechanism 2 in the laser welding equipment is movable, but the loading platform 3 is relatively fixed, which can also achieve laser spot welding of some parts. Depending on the application scenario, a rotating loading platform and a movable laser emitting mechanism can be set, or a rotating loading platform and a relatively fixed laser emitting mechanism can be set, or a relatively fixed loading platform and a movable laser emitting mechanism can be set; this can adapt to different equipment cost requirements.

[0048] Another embodiment of this application, such as Figure 7As shown, the laser emitting mechanism 2 is located on one side of the machine base 7. The laser emitting mechanism has a mounting cylinder 21, which is mounted on the laser mounting base 8. The machine base 7 is provided with two sets of loading platforms 3, specifically loading platforms 3a and 3b; and correspondingly, two sets of loading slide rails 5, specifically loading slide rails 5a and 5b; the end of the loading slide rail 5 away from the laser emitting mechanism 2 has a loading cylinder 51. Two sets of pre-compression mechanisms 1 are also provided, and the two sets of pre-compression mechanisms 1 are respectively slidably engaged with the corresponding two sets of moving slide rods 4. The two sets of moving slide rods 4 are correspondingly slidably connected to the two sets of sliding support assemblies 6. The sliding support assembly 6 has a moving cylinder 63 on the end away from the laser emitting mechanism 2. The sliding support assembly 6 has a support rail 61 and a support rod 62. The support rail 61 is approximately parallel to the loading rail 5, and the moving rod 4 is located on the support rail 61. The support rod 62 is located on the machine platform 7, and the support rail 61 is located on the end of the support rod 62 away from the machine platform 7. The moving cylinder 63 can drive the moving rod 4 to reciprocate on the support rail 61. In this way, the two sets of loading platforms 3 and the corresponding loading rails 5 and pre-pressing mechanism 1 share a single laser emitting mechanism, which can improve the production line efficiency.

[0049] The specific structure of the movable slide bar 4 can adopt the same or similar structure as in the aforementioned embodiments, and the loading platform 3 can also adopt the same or similar structure as in the aforementioned embodiments.

[0050] Specifically, in the laser welding equipment preparation state, loading platform 3a is located near loading cylinder 51 on loading slide rail 5a, and loading platform 3b is located near loading cylinder 51 on loading slide rail 5a. The component to be welded is initially fixed on the loading platform. The loading cylinder is activated, and loading platform 3a moves along loading slide rail 5a to the predetermined position. In the laser welding equipment operating state, moving slide rod 4a moves on support slide rail, and pre-pressing mechanism moves on moving slide rod 4a. The pre-pressing mechanism moves downward to the predetermined position on the loading platform, pressing the first adjacent area of ​​the component to be laser-spotted. Laser welding mechanism 2 moves to the first laser-spotted area and performs laser spot welding. The component to be welded on loading platform 3a is rotated, moving slide rod 4a moves on support slide rail, and pre-pressing mechanism moves on moving slide rod 4a. The pre-pressing mechanism moves downward to the predetermined position on the loading platform, pressing the second adjacent area of ​​the component to be laser-spotted. Laser welding mechanism 2 moves to the second laser-spotted area and performs laser spot welding. In this way, each laser spot weld point on the component to be welded is completed, thus achieving laser spot welding pre-fixation.

[0051] In operation, while the components to be welded on loading platform 3a are in laser spot welding mode, loading platform 3b moves to a predetermined position, and the pre-pressing mechanism presses the components to be welded on loading platform 3b. As the components to be welded on loading platform 3a rotate, and the pre-pressing mechanism adjusts its pressing position, the laser emitting mechanism performs laser spot welding above loading platform 3b. This setup, alternating pressing and laser spot welding of the components to be welded on loading platforms 3a and 3b, improves the working efficiency of the laser emitting mechanism, thereby increasing the production line's overall efficiency.

[0052] Another embodiment of this application, such as Figures 8-9 As shown, specifically, in the aforementioned embodiment, the laser welding equipment is applied in a welding assembly line. This welding assembly line includes a laser spot welding pre-fixing station 10 and a brazing station 20. The laser spot welding pre-fixing station 10 is the process preceding the brazing station 20. The laser welding equipment in the aforementioned embodiment is specifically set in the laser spot welding pre-fixing station 10, where the components to be welded are pre-fixed by laser spot welding. After pre-fixation, the components to be welded enter the brazing station 20, where brazing is performed, completing the welding assembly.

[0053] The laser welding equipment has a machine base 7, on which at least one pair of sliding support assemblies 6 are provided. The at least one pair of sliding support assemblies 6 are located on both sides of the loading platform 3. A movable slide bar 4 is provided on the sliding support assemblies 6. A pre-pressing mechanism 1 is located on the movable slide bar 4. The movable slide bar 4 can drive the pre-pressing mechanism 1 to move to at least two positions above the loading platform 3. A pressure sensor is provided on the end of the pre-pressing mechanism 1 near the machine base 1. The pressure sensor can provide feedback on the pressure applied by the pre-pressing mechanism 1. At least a portion of the loading platform 3 can rotate in a generally horizontal plane. The laser emitting mechanism 2 has a laser welding head 22, and the laser welding head 22 can move to any position above the loading platform 3.

[0054] like Figure 9 As shown, the welding assembly line is applied to the welding assembly of the flow channel plate 100. The flow channel plate 100 includes a cover plate 001 and a substrate 002. In the first working state, the pressure head 111 is projected along the height direction of the laser welding equipment as a first region. The pressure head moves downward and presses a portion of the cover plate 001 within the first region. A portion of the pressure radiation range applied by the pressure head 111 to the first region is defined as the first radiation zone. The distance between the outer edge of the first radiation zone and the outer edge of the first region on the first reference plane S0 is approximately 2-4 cm. The laser welding head 22 moves into the first radiation zone and performs laser spot welding pre-fixing on the contact area between the cover plate 001 and the substrate 002 within the first radiation zone.

[0055] In the second working state, the pressure head 111 moves to another position. The projection of the pressure head 111 along the height direction of the laser welding equipment is the second region. The pressure head moves downward and presses the cover plate 001 into part of the second region. A part of the pressure radiation range applied by the pressure head 111 in the second region is defined as the second radiation zone. The contact surface between the pressure head 111 and the cover plate 001 is defined as the second reference surface S1. The distance between the outer edge of the second radiation zone and the outer edge of the second region on the second reference surface S1 is approximately 2-4 cm. The laser welding head 22 moves into the second radiation zone and performs laser spot welding pre-fixation on the contact area between the cover plate 001 and the substrate 002 in the second radiation zone.

[0056] As in the first and second working states, the pressure head 111 and the laser welding head work together, and even part of the loading platform 3 rotates to achieve laser spot welding of the points that need to be pre-fixed on the flow channel plate 100, completing the pre-fixing work before brazing. Subsequently, it enters the brazing furnace to braze and fix the cover plate and the substrate.

[0057] In this embodiment, as Figure 9 In this context, h1 represents the height direction of the flow channel plate. Along the 100 height direction of the flow channel plate, the height of the cover plate generally does not exceed 1 / 3 of the height of the substrate. The specific height of the cover plate can be 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, etc. Using the welding assembly line of this embodiment for welding can reduce the problem of heat deformation of the cover plate, improve the welding consistency between the cover plate and the substrate, and at the same time save the heat loss of traditional tooling.

[0058] The laser welding equipment described in the foregoing embodiments can be used for pre-fixation before brazing, and can even achieve good laser spot welding pre-fixation when the components to be welded contain relatively thin parts. Of course, with appropriate modifications to the pre-pressure mechanism, the laser welding equipment described in the foregoing embodiments can also be applied to laser welding.

[0059] The specific structure of other parts of the laser welding equipment in this embodiment includes the specific solutions in the aforementioned embodiments.

[0060] The above examples illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this utility model. The descriptions of these embodiments are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this utility model without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A laser welding device, characterized in that: The equipment includes a laser emitting mechanism (2), a loading platform (3), and a pre-pressing mechanism (1). Projected along the height direction of the laser welding equipment, the projected area of ​​the pressure head (111) of the pre-pressing mechanism (1) is smaller than the projected area of ​​the loading platform (3). The pressure head (111) can move to at least different areas corresponding to the loading platform (3). The laser welding equipment has a first working state and a second working state. In both working states, the pressure head (111) is positioned above the loading platform (3) along the height direction of the laser welding equipment. In the first working state, along the height direction of the laser welding equipment, the projected area of ​​the pressure head (111) onto the loading platform is defined as the first area (1111). The pressure head (111) can... A force is applied to a workpiece located in the first region (1111), and at least a portion of the pressure-affected area of ​​the force applied by the pressure head (111) to the workpiece in the first region (1111) is defined as a first radiation region (1112). The laser emitting mechanism is capable of laser welding the workpiece in the first radiation region (1112). In the second working state, along the height direction of the laser welding equipment, the projection area of ​​the pressure head (111) onto the loading table is defined as a second region, and the pressure head (111) is capable of applying force to a workpiece located in the second region. At least a portion of the pressure-affected area of ​​the force applied by the pressure head (111) to the workpiece in the second region is defined as a second radiation region, and the laser emitting mechanism is capable of laser welding the workpiece in the second radiation region.

2. The laser welding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer edge of the first radiation zone (1112) is defined as the second outer edge (1112B), and the outer edge of the first region (1111) is defined as the first outer edge (1111B). The adjacent distance between the second outer edge (1112B) and the first outer edge (1111B) is within the range of 2-4 cm. The outer edge of the second radiation zone is defined as the fourth outer edge, and the outer edge of the second region is defined as the third outer edge. The adjacent distance between the fourth outer edge and the third outer edge is within the range of 2-4 cm. And / or the projected area of ​​the pressure head (111) is less than 1 / 3 of the projected area of ​​the loading platform; And / or the pre-pressing mechanism (1) has a pressure sensor on its lower end side along the height direction of the laser welding equipment, the pressure sensor being able to provide feedback on the pressure applied by the pre-pressing mechanism (1); And / or the laser welding equipment has a moving module, the pre-pressing mechanism (1) is connected to the moving module, and the moving module can drive the pre-pressing mechanism (1) to move in the horizontal direction.

3. The laser welding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-pressing mechanism (1) has a control module (12) which can provide feedback on the distance by which the pressure head (111) applies force to the workpiece in the first region (1111) or the workpiece in the second region and moves downward in the height direction of the laser welding equipment; and / or, the pressure head (111) has a pressure sensor on the lower end side along the height direction of the welding equipment, which can provide feedback on the pressure applied by the pressure head (111).

4. The laser welding equipment according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The loading platform (3) is at least partially rotatable along the horizontal plane. The pre-pressing mechanism (1) includes a pressing assembly (11) and a pre-pressing cylinder (13). The pressing assembly (11) includes a pressing head (111), which is connected to the pre-pressing cylinder (13). In the first working state, the position to which at least a portion of the loading platform (3) can rotate is defined as the first position. The pre-pressing cylinder (13) can drive the pressing head (111) to apply force to the workpiece in the first region (1111). The laser emitting mechanism can perform laser welding on the workpiece in the first radiation zone (1112) under the first position. In the second working state, the position to which at least a portion of the loading platform (3) can rotate is defined as the second position. The pre-pressing cylinder (13) can drive the pressing head (111) to apply force to the workpiece in the second region. The laser emitting mechanism can perform laser welding on the workpiece in the second radiation zone under the second position.

5. The laser welding equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable module includes a movable slide bar (4). In the first working state and the second working state, the movable slide bar (4) is located above the loading platform (3) along the height direction of the laser welding equipment. The pre-pressing mechanism (1) is slidably engaged with the movable slide bar (4). The laser welding equipment has a machine base (7) and a sliding support assembly (6). The sliding support assembly (6) is located on the machine base (7). The movable slide bar (4) is slidably connected to the side of the sliding support assembly (6) away from the machine base (7). Along the height direction of the laser welding equipment, both the movable slide bar (4) and the sliding support assembly (6) are projected onto the machine base (7). The projection of the movable slide bar (4) is approximately perpendicular to the projection of the sliding support assembly (6).

6. The laser welding equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pre-pressing mechanism (1) has a connecting plate (14), and the pre-pressing cylinder (13) is connected to one end of the connecting plate (14); the pressing assembly (11) includes a telescopic rod (112), the telescopic rod (112) is connected to the pre-pressing cylinder (13), and the pressing head (111) is connected to the end of the telescopic rod (112) away from the pre-pressing cylinder (13); the pre-pressing mechanism (1) has a control module (12), the control module (12) includes a probe (122) and a controller (121); along the height direction of the laser welding equipment: the probe (122) is located below the controller (121), and the axis of the control module (12) is parallel to the axis of the pressing assembly (11); the probe (122) provides feedback on the distance by which the pressing head (111) applies force to the workpiece in the first region (1111) or the workpiece in the second region and moves downward in the height direction of the laser welding equipment.

7. The laser welding equipment according to any one of claims 1-3 or 5-6, characterized in that: The laser emitting mechanism (2) has a laser welding head (22), and the laser welding head (22) can be moved to any position within the first radiation zone (1112) or the second radiation zone; the laser welding equipment includes a loading slide rail (5), the loading platform (3) is located on the loading slide rail (5), and the loading platform (3) can reciprocate on the loading slide rail (5); the loading platform (3) includes a sliding plate (35), a rotating mechanism (33), a connecting column (34), and a bearing plate (31); the sliding plate (35) is slidably engaged with the loading slide rail (5), and the connecting column (34) is located on the side of the sliding plate (35) away from the loading slide rail (5); the bearing plate (31) is located on the side of the connecting column (34) away from the sliding plate (35); the rotating mechanism (33) is located between the sliding plate (35) and the bearing plate (31); the rotating mechanism (33) can drive the bearing plate (31) to rotate approximately in the horizontal plane; the loading The platform (3) includes at least two pre-fixing components (32), which are arranged approximately diagonally on the side of the support plate (31) away from the rotating mechanism (33). Each pre-fixing component (32) includes a fixing post (321), a pressure lever (325), a mounting arm (322), a lever extension arm (324), and a pre-fixing shaft (323). The fixing post (321) is located on the support plate (31), and the mounting arm (322) is located on the fixing post (321). On the side away from the support plate (31), the pressure lever (325) is connected to the mounting arm (322), the lever extension arm (324) is located at one end of the pressure lever (325), and the pre-fixed shaft (323) is connected to the end of the lever extension arm (324) away from the pressure lever (325); along the height direction of the laser welding equipment, it is projected onto the support plate (31), and the projection of the pre-fixed shaft (323) is outside the projection of the fixed column (321).

8. The laser welding equipment according to any one of claims 1-3 or 5-6, characterized in that: The laser emitting mechanism (2) has a mounting cylinder (21) and a laser welding head (22). The laser welding equipment has a laser mounting base (8). The mounting cylinder (21) is mounted on the laser mounting base (8). The laser welding head (22) is located on the end of the mounting cylinder (21) away from the laser mounting base (8). The laser mounting base (8) is located on one side of the machine base (7) of the laser welding equipment. The machine base (7) is provided with at least two loading platforms (3) and at least two sets of loading slide rails (5) are provided accordingly. The end of the loading slide rail (5) away from the laser emitting mechanism (2) has a loading cylinder (51). The machine base (7) is provided with at least two sets of sliding support assemblies (6). The sliding support assemblies (6) are respectively located on the two sides of the loading platform (3). On the side of the machine platform (7), at least two sets of sliding support components (6) are provided with at least two sets of movable slide rods (4). The sliding support component (6) has a movable cylinder (63) on the side away from the laser emitting mechanism (2). The sliding support component (6) has a support slide rail (61) and a support rod (62). The support slide rail (61) is approximately parallel to the loading slide rail (5). The movable slide rod (4) is located on the side of the support slide rail (61) away from the machine platform (7). The support rod (62) is located on the machine platform (7). The support slide rail (61) is located on the side of the support rod (62) away from the machine platform (7). The movable cylinder (63) can drive the movable slide rod (4) to reciprocate on the support slide rail (61).

9. A welding assembly line, characterized in that: The system includes a laser spot welding pre-fixing station (10) and a brazing station (20). The laser spot welding pre-fixing station (10) is the preceding process of the brazing station (20). The laser spot welding pre-fixing station (10) is equipped with a laser welding device, which includes a laser emitting mechanism (2), a loading platform (3), and a pre-pressing mechanism (1). Projected along the height direction of the laser welding device, the projected area of ​​the pressure head (111) of the pre-pressing mechanism (1) is smaller than the projected area of ​​the loading platform (3). The pressure head (111) can be moved to at least different areas corresponding to the loading platform (3). The laser welding device has a first working state and a second working state. In the first working state and the second working state, the pressure head (111) is located above the loading platform (3) in the height direction of the laser welding device. In the first working state, along the height direction of the laser welding device... In the second working state, along the height direction of the laser welding equipment, the projection area of ​​the pressure head (111) onto the loading table is defined as the first region (1111), the pressure head (111) is capable of applying force to the workpiece located in the first region, and at least a portion of the pressure-affected area of ​​the pressure head (111) applying force to the workpiece in the first region (1111) is defined as the first radiation zone (1112), and the laser emitting mechanism is capable of laser welding the workpiece in the first radiation zone (1112); in the second working state, along the height direction of the laser welding equipment, the projection area of ​​the pressure head (111) onto the loading table is defined as the second region, and the pressure head (111) is capable of applying force to the workpiece located in the second region, and at least a portion of the pressure-affected area of ​​the pressure head (111) applying force to the workpiece in the second region is defined as the second radiation zone, and the laser emitting mechanism is capable of laser welding the workpiece in the second radiation zone.

10. The welding assembly line according to claim 9, characterized in that: The welding assembly line is applicable to the welding of flow channel plates (100), which include a cover plate (001) and a substrate (002). Along the height direction of the flow channel plate (100), the height of the cover plate (001) does not exceed 1 / 3 of the height of the substrate (002). The first region (1111) is the first contact area between the cover plate (001) and the substrate (002), and the second region is the second contact area between the cover plate (001) and the substrate (002). The laser welding equipment has a machine base (7), on which at least one pair of sliding support components (6) are provided. The at least one pair of sliding support components (6) are respectively located on both sides of the loading table (3). A movable slide bar (4) is provided on one end away from the machine platform (7), and the pre-pressing mechanism (1) is located on the movable slide bar (4). The movable slide bar (4) can drive the pre-pressing mechanism (1) to move to different areas corresponding to the loading platform (3). The pressure head (111) has a pressure sensor on one end near the machine platform (7), and the pressure sensor can feed back the pressure applied by the pressure head (111). At least a part of the loading platform (3) can rotate in a roughly horizontal plane. The laser emitting mechanism (2) has a laser welding head (22), and the laser welding head (22) can at least perform laser welding on a portion of the flow channel plate in the first radiation area (1112) and the second radiation area.

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