A drainage system for reducing turbidity
By setting up gravel embankments and sedimentation tanks in the drainage system, and utilizing decreasing particle size and porous materials, the problem of high turbidity in construction wastewater was solved, thus achieving the protection of the marine ecosystem.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA HARBOUR ENGINEERING
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-16
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies are not effective in treating the turbidity of construction wastewater, which poses an ecological risk to the marine ecosystem when construction wastewater is directly discharged into the sea.
Design a drainage system comprising a first drainage channel, a second drainage channel, and a sedimentation tank. Filtration is achieved by setting up gravel embankments in the first drainage channel with decreasing particle size along its length. The sedimentation tank extends the flow path and baffles are used to increase sedimentation time. The porous gravel material and adsorption material are used to further reduce turbidity.
It effectively reduces the turbidity of construction wastewater, minimizes the impact of suspended particulate matter on the marine ecosystem, and avoids ecological risks.
Smart Images
Figure CN224363419U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of marine environmental protection technology, and in particular to a drainage system for reducing turbidity. Background Technology
[0002] In coastal engineering construction, discharging construction wastewater into the sea is a routine and important operational process. However, such wastewater generally suffers from high turbidity. If high-turbidity wastewater is discharged directly into the ocean without effective treatment, it will induce ecological risks in the waters adjacent to the discharge outlet. The high concentration of suspended solids in the wastewater easily adheres to the surface of marine organisms. This adhesion can severely interfere with the normal physiological functions of organisms, including key life activities such as respiration, feeding, and reproduction. Under long-term effects, the survival and reproduction of various marine organisms around the discharge outlet will suffer extensive and lasting negative impacts, ultimately leading to the imbalance and instability of the local marine ecosystem.
[0003] In existing technologies, pollution control curtains are typically installed at the discharge outlet to filter construction wastewater. However, this method is ineffective in reducing the turbidity of construction wastewater and fails to effectively address the ecological risks caused by direct discharge of construction wastewater into the sea. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new drainage system to more effectively reduce the turbidity of construction wastewater and avoid damage to the marine ecosystem. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing treatment methods in reducing the turbidity of construction wastewater and the difficulty in effectively solving the ecological risks caused by direct discharge of construction wastewater into the sea, and to provide a drainage system for reducing turbidity.
[0005] This utility model provides a drainage system for reducing turbidity, comprising:
[0006] The system comprises a first drainage channel, a second drainage channel, and a sedimentation tank. The first and second drainage channels are respectively connected to the two ends of the sedimentation tank. The end of the second drainage channel furthest from the sedimentation tank is connected to the sea outlet.
[0007] Several gravel embankments are arranged in the first drainage ditch and sequentially along the length of the first drainage ditch. The gravel particle size of the gravel embankments decreases sequentially from the direction away from the sedimentation tank to the direction closer to the sedimentation tank.
[0008] This invention provides a drainage system for reducing turbidity. The first and second drainage channels guide construction wastewater to the outlet for discharge. Several crushed stone embankments are arranged sequentially along the length of the first drainage channel, forming a multi-stage filtration structure. Simultaneously, the particle size of the crushed stone embankments decreases sequentially from the direction away from the sedimentation tank to the direction closer to the sedimentation tank. This particle size gradient design allows suspended particles of different sizes to be effectively intercepted by the corresponding particle sizes of the crushed stone as the water flows through each embankment, improving the fineness and efficiency of the filtration. The sedimentation tank extends the flow path of the water and slows down the flow velocity. When construction wastewater flows through the sedimentation tank, the suspended particles in the wastewater have more sufficient settling time, thereby effectively reducing the turbidity of the construction wastewater.
[0009] This invention utilizes a series of gravel embankments and a sedimentation tank along the first drainage channel to sequentially filter and settle construction wastewater, thereby effectively reducing the turbidity of the construction wastewater and avoiding the ecological risks caused by direct discharge of construction wastewater into the sea.
[0010] The material of the gravel curb can be ordinary gravel or gravel with a porous structure.
[0011] The cross-sectional shape of both the first drainage ditch and the second drainage ditch can be rectangular or inverted trapezoidal.
[0012] The first and second drainage ditches can be assembled using prefabricated water ditch components. During installation, they can be placed directly on the ground or erected on the ground; alternatively, they can be formed by excavation on the ground.
[0013] Preferably, the sedimentation tank includes several baffles, which are sequentially and alternately fixed to the opposite walls of the sedimentation tank, with the bottoms of each baffle connected to the bottom of the sedimentation tank. This design effectively extends the flow path of water within the sedimentation tank by installing several baffles sequentially and alternately fixed to the opposite walls and connected to the bottom, allowing suspended solids in the water more time to settle without increasing the length of the sedimentation tank, while also saving space and construction costs.
[0014] Preferably, the sedimentation tank walls, bottom, and baffles are provided with adsorption material. This adsorption material can further adsorb suspended particulate matter in the construction wastewater, further improving the filtration and purification effect. The adsorption material can be diatomaceous earth or activated carbon.
[0015] Preferably, the material used for the crushed stone embankment is at least one of coral reef limestone, pumice, porous tuff, and volcanic slag. Compared to ordinary crushed stone, the coral reef limestone, pumice, porous tuff, and volcanic slag all have a porous structure with high porosity, which can effectively trap suspended particulate matter and achieve a better filtration effect.
[0016] Preferably, the top surfaces of the various gravel embankments are all 0.3m-0.5m lower than the top of the first drainage ditch. The purpose of this design is to ensure that when the water flow in the first drainage ditch is too large, the water can directly pass over the gravel embankments and continue flowing smoothly. However, if the top surfaces of the gravel embankments are at the same height as the top of the first drainage ditch, then if the water flow in the first drainage ditch exceeds its capacity, the water may overflow the top of the first drainage ditch, thereby eroding and damaging the soil around the first drainage ditch.
[0017] Preferably, both the first and second drainage channels are formed by excavation on the ground. Compared to drainage channels formed by assembling prefabricated channel components, drainage channels formed by excavation on the ground have several advantages. Firstly, material costs are lower because there is no need to purchase additional prefabricated components; secondly, transportation costs are avoided because there is no need to transport prefabricated components. Furthermore, the construction process of this type of drainage channel is relatively simple, reducing construction difficulty and complexity.
[0018] Preferably, the walls of the first drainage ditch and the second drainage ditch are sequentially provided with a plastic membrane, geotextile, and cement mortar layer from the outside to the inside. The outside of the ditch wall refers to the side away from the water flow in the ditch and closer to the external soil or environment. The inside of the ditch wall refers to the side close to the water flow in the ditch and in direct contact with the water flow.
[0019] The plastic membrane serves as a seepage barrier, primarily preventing direct contact between the water flow and the original soil, thus preventing water from seeping into the surrounding soil. The geotextile provides physical protection for the plastic membrane, preventing damage during the application of the cement mortar layer. The cement mortar layer, acting as a structural reinforcement layer, hardens to form a rigid protective surface, enhancing the channel wall's erosion resistance and overall stability; it also provides additional protection for the geotextile and the plastic membrane.
[0020] Preferably, the system further includes a drain pipe installed at the end of the first drainage channel away from the sedimentation tank. The drain pipe is used to discharge construction wastewater into the first drainage channel.
[0021] Preferably, the discharge outlet includes a rubble wall, a first antifouling curtain, and a second antifouling curtain. Both ends of the rubble wall are connected to a breakwater, and one side of the rubble wall is connected to a second drainage channel. Both the first and second antifouling curtains are positioned in the ocean. Both ends of the first antifouling curtain are connected to the breakwaters at both ends of the rubble wall, and both ends of the second antifouling curtain are connected to the breakwaters at both ends of the rubble wall. The first antifouling curtain is located between the rubble wall and the second antifouling curtain. In this design, the main function of the rubble wall is to slow the flow of water towards the ocean, thereby reducing the scouring intensity of the water flow on the seabed in the discharge outlet area. The first and second antifouling curtains are used to contain suspended particulate matter in the construction wastewater discharged into the ocean, confining it to a specific area and preventing these suspended particulate matter from spreading to a wider ocean area.
[0022] The cross-sectional shape of the rubble wall can be rectangular or trapezoidal.
[0023] Preferably, the rubble wall has a trapezoidal cross-section, and the slope of the side of the rubble wall that connects to the second drainage ditch is greater than the slope of the side of the rubble wall facing the ocean. Compared to a rectangular cross-section, the trapezoidal cross-section design of the rubble wall helps to improve its stability.
[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0025] This utility model provides a drainage system for reducing turbidity. By setting up several gravel embankments along the first drainage channel and the sedimentation tank, the construction wastewater is filtered and settled in sequence, thereby effectively reducing the turbidity of the construction wastewater and avoiding the ecological risks caused by direct discharge of construction wastewater into the sea. Attached Figure Description
[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a drainage system used to reduce turbidity.
[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of section AA.
[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the BB section line.
[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the CC section line.
[0030] Marked in the image:
[0031] 1-Drain pipe,
[0032] 2-First drainage ditch,
[0033] 201 - Plastic film, 202 - Geotextile, 203 - Cement mortar layer
[0034] 3-Scrapstone embankment,
[0035] 4-Sedimentation tank,
[0036] 401-Baffle Plate
[0037] 5-Second drainage ditch,
[0038] 6-rubble wall,
[0039] 7-Dike,
[0040] 8-First anti-fouling curtain,
[0041] 9-Second anti-fouling curtain,
[0042] 10-Ocean. Detailed Implementation
[0043] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.
[0044] Unless otherwise specified, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer" used in the description of specific embodiments of this utility model to indicate orientation or positional relationships are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the utility model product / equipment / device is usually placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the utility model solution or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, and for enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0045] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," "parallel," and "coaxial" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, parallel, or coaxial. Slight tilt or deviation is permissible, as long as it does not affect the normal function of the relevant component. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be perfectly horizontal; a slight tilt is acceptable. "Coaxial" means that two components are arranged as coaxially as possible, allowing them to move coaxially or approximately coaxially when their relative positions change. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when arranged in "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," "parallel," or "coaxial" directions, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. For example, the deviation in the "coaxial" direction is controlled within 0.2-1mm, preferably within 0.2-0.5mm. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the present invention.
[0046] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.
[0047] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this utility model, "several", "multiple", and "several" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine, and can even exceed nine.
[0048] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "provided with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to common connection methods in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.
[0049] Example 1
[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, a drainage system for reducing turbidity includes a first drainage channel 2, a second drainage channel 5, a sedimentation tank 4, and several gravel embankments 3.
[0051] The first drainage channel 2 and the second drainage channel 5 are connected to the two ends of the sedimentation tank 4, respectively; the end of the second drainage channel 5 furthest from the sedimentation tank 4 is connected to the sea outlet. Both the first drainage channel 2 and the second drainage channel 5 can have an inverted trapezoidal cross-section. This inverted trapezoidal cross-section design provides better stability to the channel walls on both sides of the first drainage channel 2 and the second drainage channel 5.
[0052] Several crushed stone embankments 3 are arranged sequentially along the length of the first drainage channel 2 within the channel. The particle size of the crushed stone on each embankment 3 decreases sequentially from the direction furthest from the sedimentation tank 4 to the direction closest to it. Specifically, three crushed stone embankments 3 are provided, with particle sizes of 30mm-40mm, 20mm-30mm, and 15mm-20mm respectively. Each crushed stone embankment 3 is arranged along the cross-sectional direction of the first drainage channel 2, meaning its length aligns with the cross-sectional direction of the channel. Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of each crushed stone embankment 3 is trapezoidal or triangular.
[0053] Figure 1 and Figure 4 The hollow arrow in the image indicates the direction of water flow.
[0054] In an optional embodiment, the sedimentation tank 4 may include a plurality of baffles 401, which are sequentially and alternately fixed to the tank walls on opposite sides of the sedimentation tank 4, with the bottoms of all baffles 401 connected to the bottom of the sedimentation tank 4. Specifically, the sedimentation tank 4 may be a cast-in-place concrete structure. The baffles 401 may be concrete slabs cast together with the sedimentation tank 4; or they may be made of steel plates and then fixed by anchor bolts, or welded to embedded parts in the sedimentation tank 4 to achieve connection with the sedimentation tank 4.
[0055] The specific method by which several baffles 401 are sequentially and alternately fixed on the opposite sides of the sedimentation tank 4 is as follows: one end of the first baffle 401 is fixed to the left side wall of the sedimentation tank 4, and the other end is kept at a certain distance from the right side wall, forming a channel; one end of the adjacent second baffle 401 is fixed to the right side wall of the sedimentation tank 4 (offset from the first baffle 401), and the other end is kept at a certain distance from the left side wall. Subsequent baffles 401 are alternately fixed to the left and right walls in this pattern, forming a continuous S-shaped flow channel.
[0056] In an optional embodiment, adsorption materials may be provided on the walls and bottom of the sedimentation tank 4, as well as on the baffle plate 401. The adsorption material may be diatomaceous earth or activated carbon. Diatomaceous earth has a natural porous structure (porosity 80%-90%), can intercept particles of 1-100μm, and is low in cost.
[0057] In an optional embodiment, the material used for the gravel embankment 3 can be at least one of coral reef limestone, pumice, porous tuff, and volcanic slag. The pumice is a porous volcanic glass rock, lightweight and with high porosity. The porous tuff is a volcanic clastic rock that, after weathering or artificial processing, can form a porous structure with relatively high porosity. The volcanic slag is a lightweight porous rock formed after volcanic eruption and cooling, with well-developed pores and a loose texture. The coral reef limestone is a carbonate rock mainly formed by the long-term accumulation and cementation of coral reef organism remains, and has a relatively loose and porous texture.
[0058] In an optional embodiment, the top surface of several gravel embankments 3 can be 0.3m-0.5m lower than the top of the first drainage ditch 2. The specific height difference can be 0.3m, 0.35m, 0.4m, 0.45m, or 0.5m.
[0059] In an optional embodiment, both the first drainage ditch 2 and the second drainage ditch 5 are formed by excavation work on the ground.
[0060] In optional implementations, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the walls of the first drainage ditch 2 and the second drainage ditch 5 are sequentially provided with a plastic membrane 201, a geotextile 202, and a cement mortar layer 203 from the outside in. Specifically, the thickness of the plastic membrane 201 can be 200μm-500μm. The geotextile 202 can be a polyester filament geotextile, and its unit area mass can be 300g / m², 350g / m², 400g / m², 450g / m², or 500g / m². The thickness of the cement mortar layer 203 can be 8mm-15mm.
[0061] In an optional embodiment, a drain pipe 1 may also be included, which is installed at the end of the first drainage channel 2 away from the sedimentation tank 4.
[0062] In an optional embodiment, the outlet may include a gravel wall 6, a first antifouling curtain 8, and a second antifouling curtain 9. Both ends of the gravel wall 6 are connected to a breakwater 7, and one side of the gravel wall 6 is connected to a second drainage channel 5. Both the first and second antifouling curtains 8 and 9 are positioned in the ocean 10. Both ends of the first antifouling curtain 8 are connected to the breakwaters 7 at both ends of the gravel wall 6, and both ends of the second antifouling curtain 9 are connected to the breakwaters 7 at both ends of the gravel wall 6. The first antifouling curtain 8 is located between the gravel wall 6 and the second antifouling curtain 9. Specifically, the gravel wall 6 is constructed of gravel with a particle size of 300mm-600mm, and the pores formed between the gravel allow water to flow through it.
[0063] Pollution containment curtains are environmental protection facilities used at sea outlets. Their main components include a corrosion-resistant and strong curtain body, floats to secure the curtain and maintain its verticality, counterweights to ensure the bottom of the curtain is stable and conforms to the seabed to prevent particulate matter from escaping, and ropes, buckles, and other accessories connecting the various components. These components work together to allow the curtain to be vertically positioned in the water, effectively blocking suspended particulate matter in the discharge and containing it within a limited area, thus preventing pollution of the surrounding marine ecosystem.
[0064] In optional implementations, such as Figure 4 As shown, the cross-section of the rubble wall 6 can be trapezoidal, and the slope of the side of the rubble wall 6 that connects with the second drainage ditch 5 is greater than the slope of the side of the rubble wall 6 facing the ocean 10.
[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A drainage system for reducing turbidity, characterized in that, include: The first drainage channel (2), the second drainage channel (5), and the sedimentation tank (4) are connected to the two ends of the sedimentation tank (4), respectively; the end of the second drainage channel (5) away from the sedimentation tank (4) is connected to the sea outlet. Several gravel embankments (3) are arranged in the first drainage channel (2) and arranged sequentially along the length of the first drainage channel (2). The gravel particle size of the gravel embankments (3) decreases sequentially from the direction away from the sedimentation tank (4) to the direction closer to the sedimentation tank (4).
2. A drainage system for reducing turbidity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sedimentation tank (4) includes several baffles (401), which are fixed in a staggered manner on the tank walls on opposite sides of the sedimentation tank (4), and the bottom of each baffle (401) is connected to the bottom of the sedimentation tank (4).
3. A drainage system for reducing turbidity according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sedimentation tank (4) has adsorption materials on its walls and bottom, as well as on the baffle plate (401).
4. A drainage system for reducing turbidity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material used for the gravel embankment (3) is at least one of coral reef limestone, pumice, porous tuff and volcanic slag.
5. A drainage system for reducing turbidity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top surface of several of the gravel embankments (3) is 0.3m-0.5m lower than the top of the first drainage ditch (2).
6. A drainage system for reducing turbidity according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Both the first drainage ditch (2) and the second drainage ditch (5) were formed by excavation on the ground.
7. A drainage system for reducing turbidity according to claim 6, characterized in that, The walls of the first drainage ditch (2) and the second drainage ditch (5) are provided with a plastic film (201), a geotextile (202) and a cement mortar layer (203) from the outside to the inside.
8. A drainage system for reducing turbidity according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a drain pipe (1), which is installed at the end of the first drainage channel (2) away from the sedimentation tank (4).
9. A drainage system for reducing turbidity according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The outlet includes a rubble wall (6), a first anti-fouling curtain (8), and a second anti-fouling curtain (9). The two ends of the rubble wall (6) are connected to the dike (7), and one side of the rubble wall (6) is connected to the second drainage channel (5). The first anti-fouling curtain (8) and the second anti-fouling curtain (9) are both arranged in the ocean (10). The two ends of the first anti-fouling curtain (8) are connected to the dike (7) at both ends of the rubble wall (6), and the two ends of the second anti-fouling curtain (9) are connected to the dike (7) at both ends of the rubble wall (6). The first anti-fouling curtain (8) is located between the rubble wall (6) and the second anti-fouling curtain (9).
10. A drainage system for reducing turbidity according to claim 9, characterized in that, The cross-section of the rubble wall (6) is trapezoidal, and the slope of the side of the rubble wall (6) that connects with the second drainage ditch (5) is greater than the slope of the side of the rubble wall (6) facing the ocean (10).