A GNSS combined antenna

Abstract

The application provides a GNSS combined antenna, which comprises: a first layer plate, a second layer plate and a third layer plate which are sequentially stacked; a gain module, which is arranged on the first layer plate, and a first antenna is vertically arranged at the center of the first layer plate; a radiation module, which is arranged on the second layer plate, and the second layer plate comprises a GNSS antenna and a second antenna, and the GNSS antenna and the second antenna are integrally arranged on the second layer plate; and an antenna integration module, which is arranged on the third layer plate, and the third layer plate comprises a third antenna, a fourth antenna and a fifth antenna, and the third antenna, the fourth antenna and the fifth antenna are uniformly distributed on the third layer plate. The above structure realizes the integration of the GNSS antenna and other multiple antennas and reduces interference, and guarantees the stable working of the GNSS antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a GNSS antenna. Background Technology

[0002] As the construction of GNSS satellite navigation and positioning systems continues to improve, the requirements for multi-mode compatibility and high integration of high-precision antenna products are constantly increasing to meet the needs of positioning equipment receiving satellite signals from different navigation systems and frequency bands. Meanwhile, with the completion of global commercial deployment of BeiDou short message service, it is transitioning from "emergency backup" to "ubiquitous service across all scenarios." However, currently, most traditional RTK antennas on the market do not support the BeiDou short message LS band, limiting emergency communication capabilities. Furthermore, various wireless communication technologies such as 4G, Wi-Fi, and LoRa are widely used in the same device, and the mutual interference between these wireless communication antennas often affects the positioning accuracy of GNSS antennas, especially when multiple antennas are integrated into the same device, where the mutual interference problem becomes even more prominent.

[0003] In existing technologies, high-precision GNSS antennas do not integrate BeiDou Short Message Service (LS). When using communication technologies such as 4G, Wi-Fi, and LoRa, different antennas will interfere with each other, affecting the stability of the GNSS antenna. Multiple antennas cannot coexist, and there is an urgent need to solve the problem of mutual interference between different antennas. Therefore, there is a need to provide a GNSS combined antenna that can integrate multiple antennas. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a GNSS combined antenna to solve the above problems.

[0005] Embodiments of this application provide a GNSS combined antenna, comprising:

[0006] The first layer, the second layer, and the third layer are stacked in sequence.

[0007] A gain module is disposed on the first layer plate, and a first antenna is vertically disposed at the center of the first layer plate.

[0008] A radiation module is disposed on the second layer plate, and the second layer plate includes a GNSS antenna and a second antenna, which are integrated on the second layer plate.

[0009] An antenna integration module is disposed on the third layer plate, and the third layer plate includes a third antenna, a fourth antenna, and a fifth antenna, which are evenly distributed on the third layer plate.

[0010] In at least one embodiment of this application, the first layer includes a radiating sheet and a first feeding module; the input terminal of the first feeding module is electrically connected to the radio frequency connector of the first antenna, and the radiating sheet is disposed between the input terminal of the first feeding module and the radio frequency connector of the first antenna.

[0011] In at least one embodiment of this application, the first antenna is surrounded by a plurality of first grounding posts; the end of each first grounding post is welded to the first feed module.

[0012] In at least one embodiment of this application, the first layer includes a choke; the choke is disposed between the input terminal of the first power supply module and the radio frequency connector of the first antenna, and is stacked and arranged side by side with the radiating sheet.

[0013] In at least one embodiment of this application, the GNSS combined antenna includes a substrate, and the substrate includes a feeding circuit;

[0014] The second layer includes a GNSS feed module, and the second layer is electrically connected to the substrate through multiple GNSS feed pillars;

[0015] One end of each GNSS feed post is electrically connected to the input terminal of the GNSS feed module via a feed point, and the other end of each feed post is electrically connected to the feed circuit.

[0016] In at least one embodiment of this application, the GNSS antenna is surrounded by a GNSS grounding post;

[0017] One end of each GNSS grounding post is welded to the GNSS power supply module, and the other end of each GNSS grounding post is welded to the substrate.

[0018] In at least one embodiment of this application, the second layer is welded to the substrate via a plurality of GNSS short-circuit posts;

[0019] One end of each GNSS short-circuit post is welded to the input terminal of the GNSS power supply module through a short-circuit point, and the other end of each GNSS short-circuit post is welded to the power supply circuit.

[0020] In at least one embodiment of this application, the third layer includes a third power supply module, which is welded to the substrate via a third power supply post and a third short-circuit post.

[0021] In at least one embodiment of this application, the third layer includes a fourth power supply module, which is soldered to the substrate via a fourth power supply post and a fourth short-circuit post.

[0022] In at least one embodiment of this application, the third layer includes a fifth power supply module, which is welded to the substrate via a fifth power supply post and a fifth short-circuit post.

[0023] The aforementioned GNSS combined antenna integrates multiple other antennas through a layered structure, reducing interference during use and ensuring stable operation of the GNSS antenna. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 A top view of a GNSS combined antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 A front view of a GNSS combined antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a partially exploded view of a GNSS combined antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a partially exploded schematic diagram of a GNSS combined antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Explanation of main component symbols

[0029] 100. GNSS combined antenna; 110. First layer plate; 220. Second layer plate; 330. Third layer plate; 11. First antenna; 10. GNSS antenna; 33. Third antenna; 44. Fourth antenna; 55. Fifth antenna; 113. First grounding post; 440. Substrate; 101. GNSS feed post; 102. GNSS grounding post; 103. GNSS short-circuit post; 331. Third feed post; 332. Third short-circuit post; 441. Fourth feed post; 442. Fourth short-circuit post; 551. Fifth feed post; 552. Fifth short-circuit post. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0031] It should be noted that when a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or may also have an intervening component. When a component is considered to be "placed" on another component, it can be directly placed on the other component or may also have an intervening component. The terms "top," "bottom," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "back," and similar expressions used in this article are for illustrative purposes only.

[0032] The following detailed description of some embodiments of this application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 2As shown, this application embodiment provides a GNSS combined antenna 100, including a first layer plate 110, a second layer plate 220, and a third layer plate 330 stacked sequentially; a gain module (not shown), the gain module is disposed on the first layer plate 110, and a first antenna 11 is vertically disposed at the center of the first layer plate 110; a radiation module (not shown), the radiation module is disposed on the second layer plate 220, the second layer plate 220 includes a GNSS antenna 10 and a second antenna (not shown), the GNSS antenna 10 and the second antenna (not shown) are integrated on the second layer plate 220; an antenna integration module (not shown), the antenna integration module is disposed on the third layer plate 330, the third layer plate 330 includes a third antenna 33, a fourth antenna 44, and a fifth antenna 55, the third antenna 33, the fourth antenna 44, and the fifth antenna 55 are evenly distributed on the third layer plate 330. Specifically, placing multiple antennas in layers, with electromagnetic isolation achieved through the spacing between layers, effectively reduces signal interference and lowers the coupling between antennas. The layered modular design also facilitates debugging and maintenance. The first antenna 11 is a BeiDou short message S-orthogonal dipole antenna. Placing it on the first layer plate 110 ensures signal orthogonality. The orthogonal dipole supports signal reception with different polarizations. Layering the orthogonal dipole on the first layer plate 110 with the GNSS antenna ensures efficient operation of the BeiDou short message S-antenna, improves signal reception efficiency, integrates the GNSS antenna with the BeiDou short message S-antenna, and solves the signal interference problem. The gain module, located on the first layer plate 110, amplifies the signal gain of the first antenna 11. Positioning the first antenna 11 centrally maintains the symmetry of the orthogonal dipole and the stability of the S-antenna, improving the signal reception and transmission efficiency of the first antenna 11. The radiation module is mounted on the second layer plate 220, which includes a GNSS antenna 10 and a second antenna. The GNSS antenna is used to receive global satellite navigation signals. Specifically, the second antenna is a BeiDou short message L antenna. In this embodiment, the GNSS antenna 10 and the second antenna are integrated on the second layer plate 220, improving space utilization and enabling coordinated processing of navigation and communication signals. Three types of antennas with different functions are simultaneously mounted on the third layer plate 330. Placing these antennas evenly on the third layer plate 330 improves signal independence between the antennas and reduces coupling interference between them. The use of multiple antennas increases data transmission rate and throughput. Therefore, integrating multiple functional antennas into a single layered structure improves space utilization and enhances functionality compared to the original GNSS antenna.In this embodiment, external satellite navigation signals are received by the GNSS antenna 10 and the second antenna on the second layer board 220. The first antenna 11 on the first layer board 110 amplifies the signal through a gain module to improve the reception rate. The multiple antennas on the third layer board 330 perform multi-path transmission and reception tasks respectively, realizing multi-channel signal transmission and enhancing data link quality. Signals are transmitted from each layer of antennas to the circuit of the substrate 440 through feed posts. Different modules are electrically coupled and signal controlled through feed posts and short-circuit posts. In order to reduce interference, the positions of feed posts, ground posts, and short-circuit posts also need to be designed accordingly. In the above structure, through the layered structure design, the functional modules can cooperate with each other while being isolated from each other, ensuring performance. At the same time, the size of the original antenna is reduced, allowing the antenna of the original size to play a greater role and transmit more signals.

[0034] In some possible implementations, the first layer 110 further includes a radiating plate (not shown) and a first feed module (not shown). The input terminal of the first feed module is electrically connected to the RF connector of the first antenna 11, and the radiating plate is disposed between the input terminal of the first feed module and the RF connector of the first antenna 11. Specifically, the radiating plate, as the main radiating structure of the antenna, is used to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves; the first feed module provides RF energy to the first antenna 11, completing the conversion between electrical signals and electromagnetic waves. The placement of the radiating plate between the input terminal of the first feed module and the RF connector of the first antenna 11 helps in the overall frequency tuning and VSWR matching of the antenna, enabling the antenna to achieve good radiation efficiency, ensuring the electrical continuity of the antenna signal chain, and stably transmitting the energy from the feed module to the first antenna 11. Through different filtering techniques, the radiating plate can distribute and isolate signals in different frequency bands, optimizing impedance matching in the RF path and helping to enhance antenna gain. The first feed module introduces the radio frequency signal from the substrate 440. The signal is transmitted from the input end to the radio frequency connector. The radiating plate further enhances the radiation intensity in this area, forming a more concentrated and high-gain main beam. The amplified signal has enhanced radiation directionality, making it particularly suitable for long-distance communication scenarios with vertical upward direction (such as satellite navigation). The first antenna 11, the radiating plate, and the gain module work together to enhance the receiving sensitivity of GNSS signals and improve positioning capabilities in remote or weak satellite signal environments.

[0035] In some possible implementations, the first antenna 11 is surrounded by a plurality of first grounding posts 113; the end of each first grounding post 113 is welded to a first feed module. Specifically, grounding posts are typically used to control the grounding layer of the antenna, reduce signal reflection or control the radiation mode, provide overall shielding or enhance elevation gain. Integrating multiple antennas together, mutual interference in a multi-antenna system can lead to a degraded signal quality. Improper placement of grounding posts can cause non-uniform radiation modes, affecting the overall performance of the antenna. Therefore, it is necessary to rationally arrange the positions of each antenna element and design a suitable isolation structure to avoid mutual interference between antennas of different frequency bands. When designing the position and structure of the grounding posts, the position, shape and number of the grounding posts must be compatible with the electromagnetic characteristics, radiation mode and frequency band of the entire antenna, and the design of the grounding posts must be well coordinated with other parts of the antenna (such as quadrature dipoles, radiating elements, etc.). In this embodiment, the design of the orthogonal dipole and grounding posts needs to consider electromagnetic compatibility to avoid electromagnetic interference between different antenna modules. Four first grounding posts 113 are arranged around the first antenna 11, coordinated and matched with the four directions of the orthogonal dipole, maintaining good electromagnetic compatibility with the first antenna 11 and reducing the impact on overall radiation performance. The grounding posts surrounding the first antenna 11 can adjust its radiation characteristics, especially in enhancing low elevation gain. The four first grounding posts 113 form a symmetrical grounding loop. The grounding posts are directly welded to the feed module, forming a low-impedance grounding loop, reducing the impact of grounding impedance on antenna performance, helping to stabilize the VSWR, and making the overall structure more symmetrical and balanced. The first feed module sends the signal to the first antenna 11. After the signal enters the antenna and radiates from the feed point, the current needs to flow back to ground. The welding of the grounding posts to the feed module ensures a short ground loop path and low impedance, reducing reflection and power loss. Multiple surrounding grounding posts can be equivalent to a metal shielding layer, suppressing electromagnetic interference to surrounding sensitive devices or lines.

[0036] In some possible implementations, the first layer 110 includes a choke (not shown); the choke is disposed between the input of the first feed module and the RF connector of the first antenna 11, stacked and arranged side-by-side with the radiating sheet. The choke is an inductive component that essentially functions as a current suppressor and electromagnetic interference filter, used to suppress common-mode interference or leakage paths in high-frequency signals and prevent unwanted high-frequency signals from "reverse propagating" along the feed line or ground line. Placing the choke between the input of the first feed module and the RF connector of the first antenna 11 is equivalent to series filtering in the signal chain. Before the signal enters the antenna, it passes through the choke, effectively filtering out unwanted interference frequency bands; it also blocks the reverse flow of high-frequency harmonic current into the feed circuit, preventing interference with other modules of the substrate 440. The RF signal enters from the substrate 440 through the first feed module, passes through the choke, blocks non-target frequency band clutter, and only specific frequency signals can be effectively transmitted to the RF connector and the radiating sheet, ultimately being radiated by the first antenna 11. The choke and radiating plates are stacked side-by-side, resulting in a compact structure that prevents interference while maintaining good radiation performance and interference shielding capabilities. In some highly integrated devices with limited space, this approach can also be used to achieve a combination of radiation and suppression functions.

[0037] In some possible implementations, the GNSS combined antenna 100 includes a substrate 440, which includes a feed circuit (not shown); a second layer 220 includes a GNSS feed module (not shown), and the second layer 220 and the substrate 440 are electrically connected through multiple GNSS feed posts 101; one end of each GNSS feed post 101 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the GNSS feed module through a GNSS feed point (not shown), and the other end of each GNSS feed post 101 is electrically connected to the feed circuit. The feed circuit on the substrate 440 is a functional area on the substrate 440, used for handling GNSS signal reception, power supply, or signal coupling and separation. The GNSS feed module, as a signal receiving end, is responsible for receiving radio frequency signals from the GNSS antenna 10. The design of multiple feed posts can improve the redundancy and stability of transmission. In the embodiments of this application, the electrical connection structure of the feed structure is clear, facilitating later maintenance and testing.

[0038] In some possible implementations, the GNSS antenna 10 is surrounded by GNSS grounding posts 102; one end of each GNSS grounding post 102 is welded to the GNSS feed module, and the other end is welded to the substrate 440. The surrounding grounding structure used at the GNSS antenna 10 forms a closed loop with the feed posts, enhancing the antenna system's receiving efficiency and radiation control, improving the overall stability and consistency of the antenna under high-frequency conditions, and making it suitable for precision navigation terminals. When the GNSS antenna receives satellite signals, it transmits the signals to the substrate through the feed posts. Simultaneously, the antenna module requires a reliable grounding environment to ensure its normal operation. One end of the surrounding grounding posts is connected to the GNSS feed module, and the other end is welded to the substrate 440, forming a good grounding loop, closing the signal transmission path. Furthermore, multi-point grounding ensures signal integrity and facilitates layered electrical isolation.

[0039] In some possible implementations, the second layer 220 is soldered to the substrate 440 via multiple GNSS shorting posts 103; one end of each GNSS shorting post 103 is soldered to the input terminal of the GNSS feed module via a short-circuit point, and the other end of each GNSS shorting post 103 is soldered to the feed circuit. The shorting posts connect certain locations in the antenna that are directly electrically connected to a grounded metal surface (such as a floor) or the shielding layer, serving to control the antenna resonant frequency, limit current distribution, and adjust the standing wave ratio; grounding a certain location is used to control the current path and adjust the resonant point.

[0040] In some possible implementations, the third layer 330 includes a third feed module (not shown), a fourth feed module (not shown), and a fifth feed module (not shown). The third feed module is soldered to the substrate 440 via a third feed post 331 and a third short-circuit post 332. The fourth feed module is soldered to the substrate 440 via a fourth feed post 441 and a fourth short-circuit post 442. The fifth feed module is soldered to the substrate 440 via a fifth feed post 551 and a fifth short-circuit post 552. Specifically, the third antenna 33 is a 4G antenna, the fourth antenna 44 is a WIFI antenna, and the fifth antenna 55 is a Lota antenna. As part of the entire antenna system, the feed modules are mainly used for electrical connection with the antennas. The soldering of the feed posts to the substrate 440 ensures a stable electrical connection between each feed module and the substrate 440; this connection enables the feed modules to effectively transmit signals, which are then distributed after being processed by the circuitry of the substrate 440. The power supply module on the third layer board 330 is electrically connected to the substrate 440 via power supply posts. The power supply module on the third layer board 330 receives GNSS signals from the outside. Each short-circuit post acts as a bypass to ensure that there is no excessive electromagnetic interference or signal reflection in the signal path. The design of the short-circuit posts suppresses unnecessary common-mode noise and improves the stability of signal transmission. After signal conditioning and circuit processing, the signal is transmitted to the downstream module through the substrate for further processing or demodulation.

[0041] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make improvements without departing from the inventive concept of this application, but these improvements all fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A GNSS combined antenna, characterized in that, include: The first layer, the second layer, and the third layer are stacked in sequence. A gain module is disposed on the first layer plate, and a first antenna is vertically disposed at the center of the first layer plate. A radiation module is disposed on the second layer plate, and the second layer plate includes a GNSS antenna and a second antenna, which are integrated on the second layer plate. An antenna integration module is disposed on the third layer plate, and the third layer plate includes a third antenna, a fourth antenna, and a fifth antenna, which are evenly distributed on the third layer plate.

2. A GNSS combined antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first layer includes a radiating plate and a first feeding module; the input terminal of the first feeding module is electrically connected to the radio frequency connector of the first antenna, and the radiating plate is disposed between the input terminal of the first feeding module and the radio frequency connector of the first antenna.

3. A GNSS combined antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first antenna is surrounded by a plurality of first grounding posts; the end of each first grounding post is welded to the first feed module.

4. A GNSS combined antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first layer includes a choke; the choke is disposed between the input terminal of the first power supply module and the radio frequency connector of the first antenna, and is stacked and arranged side by side with the radiating plate.

5. A GNSS combined antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The GNSS combined antenna includes a base plate, the base plate includes a feeding circuit; the second layer plate includes a GNSS feeding module, and the second layer plate and the base plate are electrically connected through multiple GNSS feeding pillars. One end of each GNSS feed post is electrically connected to the input terminal of the GNSS feed module via a GNSS feed point, and the other end of each GNSS feed post is electrically connected to the feed circuit.

6. A GNSS combined antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The GNSS antenna is surrounded by GNSS grounding posts; one end of each GNSS grounding post is welded to the GNSS feed module, and the other end of each GNSS grounding post is welded to the substrate.

7. A GNSS combined antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second layer is welded to the substrate through multiple GNSS short-circuit posts; one end of each GNSS short-circuit post is welded to the input terminal of the GNSS power supply module through a short-circuit point, and the other end of each GNSS short-circuit post is welded to the power supply circuit.

8. A GNSS combined antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, The third layer includes a third power supply module, which is welded to the substrate via a third power supply post and a third short-circuit post.

9. A GNSS combined antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, The third layer includes a fourth power supply module, which is welded to the substrate via a fourth power supply post and a fourth short-circuit post.

10. A GNSS combined antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that, The third layer includes a fifth power supply module, which is welded to the substrate via a fifth power supply post and a fifth short-circuit post.

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