Crawler-type small single-ridge tobacco leaf harvesting machine

Abstract

This utility model relates to agricultural machinery, specifically a tracked small-scale single-row tobacco harvester. It includes a frame, comprising a fixed main frame and a movable secondary frame, which are rotatably connected. The tobacco harvesting device is mounted on the movable secondary frame. The tobacco harvesting device includes a harvesting mechanism, comprising a harvester and a telescopic lifting unit connected to the harvester. During the harvesting process, the tobacco leaves are located between the harvesters on both sides. The telescopic lifting unit drives the harvester to move up and down, as well as inward and outward, simultaneously harvesting the tobacco leaves. The lifting mechanism includes ball screws connected to the telescopic lifting unit to adjust its height. It enables automatic harvesting, conveying, and collection of mature tobacco leaves, ensuring both harvesting efficiency and quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to agricultural machinery, and in particular to a tracked small single-ridge tobacco harvester. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of modern agricultural technology, tobacco harvesting has gradually shifted from manual harvesting to mechanized harvesting. Based on the degree of automation, tobacco harvesting equipment can be broadly classified into semi-automatic tobacco harvesters and fully automatic tobacco harvesters.

[0003] Semi-automatic tobacco harvesters typically involve workers manually harvesting tobacco leaves while seated on the machine. While this method saves labor compared to manual harvesting, it still requires worker cooperation, and manual harvesting inevitably causes some damage to the tobacco leaves.

[0004] The harvesting device, which comes into direct contact with the tobacco leaves, is the core component of a tobacco harvester. It directly affects the harvesting effect of tobacco. There is an urgent need to develop a harvesting device that adapts to the growth characteristics of tobacco in order to improve the harvesting efficiency of tobacco leaves and ensure the integrity of the harvested tobacco leaves. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the existing technology and propose a tracked small single-row tobacco harvester, which can realize the automatic harvesting, conveying and collection of mature tobacco leaves, ensuring the harvesting efficiency and picking quality of tobacco leaves.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is: a tracked small single-row tobacco harvester, including a frame, wherein the frame includes a fixed main frame and a movable sub-frame, the fixed main frame and the movable sub-frame being rotatably connected, and a tobacco harvesting device is mounted on the movable sub-frame; the tobacco harvesting device includes:

[0007] The harvesting mechanism includes a harvester and a telescopic lifting unit connected to the harvester. During the harvesting process, the tobacco leaves are located between the harvesters on both sides. The telescopic lifting unit drives the harvester to move up and down and inward and outward at the same time, so as to harvest the tobacco leaves.

[0008] The lifting mechanism includes ball screws connected to the telescopic lifting section to adjust the height of the telescopic lifting section.

[0009] In this utility model, the fixed main frame includes four main frame columns arranged in a vertical direction. The upper ends of two adjacent main frame columns are fixedly connected by a main frame crossbeam. The bottom of the two main frame columns on the same side along the machine's movement direction is fixedly connected to a walking device panel.

[0010] The main frame consists of four sub-frame columns arranged vertically. The sub-frame columns are located inside the main frame columns, and the upper ends of two adjacent sub-frame columns are fixedly connected by sub-frame crossbeams.

[0011] The sub-frame crossbeam is located below the main frame crossbeam. A rotating shaft is fixed on the upper surface of the sub-frame crossbeam, and a bushing is fixed on the lower surface of the main frame crossbeam. One end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the sub-frame crossbeam, and the other end is rotatably set in the bushing.

[0012] The harvesters located on both sides of the tobacco leaf are set in pairs, and the height and front-to-back positions of the harvesters on both sides of the pair are different.

[0013] The harvester includes a central disc and several harvesting teeth spaced apart along the circumferential edge of the disc, the harvesting teeth being elongated.

[0014] The harvester, located on the same side, is rotatably mounted on the harvester connecting pipe. The front and rear ends of the harvester connecting pipe are connected to the telescopic lifting parts, and the movements of several telescopic lifting parts are synchronized.

[0015] The telescopic lifting unit includes:

[0016] The harvesting motor is connected to the first transmission chain to transmit power to the first transmission chain;

[0017] The first transmission chain is arranged vertically, with its two ends respectively wound around the first transmission sprocket and the second transmission sprocket;

[0018] The slide plate has vertically arranged linear guide rails on the left and right sides of the first transmission chain, and the two ends of the slide plate arranged in the horizontal direction are slidably connected to the linear guide rails on both sides. The slide plate has a horizontal slide groove.

[0019] The connecting tube sliding block is slidably set in the horizontal groove of the slide plate. One end of it is fixedly connected to the picking device connecting tube, and the other end is fixed with a connecting pin. The connecting pin is fixedly connected to the chain pin of the first transmission chain, or the connecting pin and the chain pin of the first transmission chain are integrated into one piece.

[0020] The lifting mechanism includes:

[0021] Each ball screw is connected to the telescopic lifting unit, and a fifth sprocket is fixed at its upper end. The fifth sprockets of several ball screws are connected by a closed-loop third transmission chain. A ball nut is fitted on the outside of the ball screw, and the ball nut and the ball screw are threaded together.

[0022] The height-adjusting square tube is fixedly connected to the telescopic lifting part and is slidably sleeved on the sub-frame column. The height-adjusting square tube is fixed with a height-adjusting nut bracket, which is located above the ball nut and is in contact with the ball nut.

[0023] The lifting motor is connected to one of the ball screws via a chain drive.

[0024] Traveling devices are provided on both sides along the machine's traveling direction. The traveling devices include:

[0025] The travel motor is mounted on the travel device panel;

[0026] The tracked traveling mechanism includes a track, a driving wheel, and a driven wheel. The track is wound around the driving wheel and the driven wheel, and the driving wheel is connected to the output shaft of the traveling motor.

[0027] A seating device is located at the rear of the fixed main frame. The seating device includes:

[0028] Several seats are located behind the fixed main frame;

[0029] The seat height adjustment plate is located under the seat. Its top end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the seat, and its bottom end is connected to the seat support tube by bolts. The bottom end has several bolt holes arranged in a circle.

[0030] The seat support tube is fixedly connected at its front end to the rear side of the fixed main frame via a seat connector, and at its rear end to the seat height adjustment plate.

[0031] Below the tobacco harvesting device is a tobacco leaf conveying device, which includes:

[0032] Several conveying mechanisms are provided, with a conveyor belt and a roller motor located below each harvester on each side. The conveyor belt is set along the direction of movement of the machine.

[0033] The collection mechanism, including tobacco leaf collection bags, is located on the rear side of the fixed main frame.

[0034] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0035] (1) The walking device used in this application has a large contact area between the track and the ground, and low pressure on the ground. It can travel in complex terrains such as muddy and soft tobacco fields, and is not easy to get stuck. It can reach areas that are difficult for humans to reach, ensuring the smooth progress of harvesting work. At the same time, it is more stable when traveling and working, and is not easy to shake or tip over, which is conducive to operators to carry out accurate harvesting operations.

[0036] (2) In this application, a flexible picker is used to hold the tobacco leaves and pull them off the tobacco plant during the downward movement. This not only realizes the automatic picking of tobacco leaves, but also does not damage the tobacco leaves during the picking process, ensuring the quality of the tobacco leaves after picking and minimizing damage to the tobacco plant.

[0037] (3) This application can adjust the height of the harvester through the lifting mechanism, so as to realize the harvesting of mature tobacco leaves at different heights and realize the layered and staged harvesting of tobacco leaves;

[0038] (4) The tobacco harvesting device is set on the movable sub-frame. The movable sub-frame is rotatably connected to the fixed main frame. Even if the fixed main frame is uneven due to uneven ground, the movable sub-frame and the tobacco harvesting device can always maintain a vertical state under their own weight, thus ensuring the harvesting efficiency and quality of tobacco leaves.

[0039] (5) The harvester is small in size and flexible in operation, making it easy to harvest tobacco leaves;

[0040] (6) Using this harvester, the processes of picking, conveying and collecting tobacco leaves can be completed in one go, which greatly improves harvesting efficiency, reduces labor costs and labor intensity, and is especially suitable for large-scale tobacco fields. It is highly adaptable and can be adjusted according to different tobacco planting patterns and agronomic requirements to adapt to the harvesting work of various types of tobacco fields. It has strong versatility and flexibility. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a first three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the harvesting mechanism;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the sliding plate, the sliding block of the connecting pipe, and the connecting pin.

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a ball screw;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a ball screw.

[0047] In the diagram: 1. Fixed main frame; 2. Movable secondary frame; 3. Tobacco leaf basket; 4. Tracked walking mechanism; 5. Walking motor; 6. Seat connector; 7. Seat support pipe; 8. Seat height adjustment plate; 9. Seat; 10. Drum motor; 11. Tobacco leaf collection bag; 12. Conveyor belt; 13. Ball screw; 14. Harvesting motor; 17. Lifting motor; 18. Battery box; 19. Generator; 20. Fuel tank; 21. Electrical control box; 23. Main frame column; 24. Second main frame crossbeam; 25. Secondary frame column; 26. Secondary frame crossbeam. 27 Beam; 28 Shaft; 29 Walking device panel; 30 First support plate; 31 Second transmission chain; 32 First transmission chain; 33 Linear guide rail; 34 Slide plate; 35 Connecting pipe sliding block; 36 Harvester connecting pipe; 37 Harvester; 39 Height adjustment square tube; 40 Drive shaft; 41 Sixth sprocket; 42 Thrust bearing; 43 Bearing sleeve; 44 Fifth sprocket; 45 Height adjustment nut bracket; 46 Ball nut; 47 Connecting pin; 48 Chain guide rail. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] Specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many ways other than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0050] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the tracked small single-row tobacco harvester described in this application includes a frame, a walking device, a seat device, a tobacco conveying device, and a tobacco harvesting device. The frame includes a fixed main frame 1 and a movable sub-frame 2, which are rotatably connected to the fixed main frame 1. Walking devices are respectively provided on both sides of the fixed main frame 1 along the walking direction, and a seat device is provided at the rear of the fixed main frame, connected to the rear side of the fixed main frame. The tobacco harvesting device is mounted on the movable sub-frame 2, and a tobacco conveying device is provided on the fixed main frame below the tobacco harvesting device.

[0051] The fixed main frame includes four main frame columns 23 arranged vertically. The tops of two adjacent main frame columns 23 are fixedly connected by main frame crossbeams. The bottoms of two main frame columns on the same side along the machine's direction of movement are fixedly connected by a traveling device panel 29. The traveling device panel 29 is located outside the main frame columns 23 to facilitate connection between the traveling device panel and the traveling device.

[0052] A generator 19 and a battery box 18 are installed on the upper part of the fixed support. The generator 19 provides power for the movement of the entire machine and the harvesting of tobacco leaves. When the power output of the generator 19 exceeds the power consumption, the excess power is stored in the battery box 18 to ensure sufficient power supply for the entire machine. An oil tank 20 and an electrical control box 21 are also installed on the fixed support.

[0053] The movable sub-frame includes four vertically arranged sub-frame columns 25, located inside the main frame columns 23. The tops of adjacent sub-frame columns 25 are fixedly connected by sub-frame crossbeams 26, which are located horizontally below the main frame. The sub-frame crossbeams are rotatably connected to the main frame crossbeams.

[0054] In this embodiment, a second main frame beam is provided below the main frame beam, and the upper parts of two adjacent main frame columns are fixedly connected by the second main frame beam 24. A secondary frame beam 26 is located below the second main frame beam 24, and the secondary frame beam 26 and the second main frame beam 24 are rotatably connected by a pivot and a bushing. A pivot 27 is fixed to the upper surface of the secondary frame beam 26, and a bushing 28 is fixed to the lower surface of the second main frame beam 24. One end of the pivot 27 is welded to the secondary frame beam 26, and the other end of the pivot 27 is rotatably disposed within the bushing 28, thereby realizing the connection between the second main frame beam 24 and the secondary frame beam 26, and consequently, the rotatable connection between the fixed main frame and the movable secondary frame.

[0055] Because the harvesting device is set on the movable subframe, through the rotating connection between the fixed main frame and the movable subframe, when the ground is uneven, the horizontal state of the fixed main frame changes, but the movable subframe always remains vertical under its own weight, thus ensuring that the harvesting device set on the movable subframe also remains vertical, guaranteeing the harvesting efficiency and quality of the tobacco leaves.

[0056] Traveling devices are provided on both outer sides of the fixed main frame along the traveling direction. The traveling devices include a tracked traveling mechanism 4 and a traveling motor 5. The tracked traveling mechanism 4 includes a track, a driving wheel, and a driven wheel. The track is wound around the driving wheel and the driven wheel respectively. The axle at the center of the driving wheel is connected to the output shaft of the traveling motor 5. In this embodiment, the transmission method between the driving wheel and the traveling motor is chain drive.

[0057] The tracked traveling mechanism in this embodiment can be a commonly used tracked traveling mechanism, therefore a detailed description of the tracked traveling mechanism is not provided. The tracked traveling mechanism is located below the traveling device panel, and the traveling motor is fixed to the traveling device panel.

[0058] During operation, the walking motors 5 of the two walking devices move simultaneously, driving the track walking mechanisms on both sides to move simultaneously, thereby realizing the movement of the entire harvester.

[0059] In this embodiment, a tobacco basket 3 is also fixed on the upper surface of the walking device panel 29, and the tobacco leaves harvested by the device can be placed in the tobacco baskets on both sides.

[0060] The seating assembly is located behind the fixed main frame. The seating assembly includes several seats 9, each of which is connected to the fixed bracket 1 via seat support tubes 8.

[0061] A seat height adjustment plate 8 is fixed to the bottom of the seat 9. The top of the seat height adjustment plate 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the seat 9, and the bottom of the seat height adjustment plate 8 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the seat support tube 8. The front end of the seat support tube 8 is connected to the fixed main frame through the seat connector 7.

[0062] In this embodiment, the lower end of the seat height adjustment plate 8 is provided with several bolt holes, which are spaced apart along the circumference. The seat height adjustment plate 8 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the seat support tube 7 by bolts. When the bolts pass through the bolt holes of different heights on the seat height adjustment plate 8 and are fixedly connected to the seat support tube 7, the seat height and fore-aft position can be adjusted.

[0063] The front end of the seat connector 6 is fixedly connected to the rear surface of the walking device panel. The seat connector 6 is U-shaped with a rearward opening. The front end of the seat support tube 7 is inserted into the opening of the seat connector and fixedly connected to the seat connector 6 by bolts, thereby realizing the fixed connection between the seat support tube 7 and the fixed main frame.

[0064] The tobacco harvesting device includes a harvesting mechanism for harvesting tobacco leaves and a lifting mechanism for adjusting the height of the harvesting mechanism.

[0065] The harvesting mechanism includes several harvesters 37. In this embodiment, the harvester includes a central disc and several harvesting teeth fixedly connected to the circumferential edge of the central disc. The harvesting teeth are elongated and evenly spaced along the circumferential edge of the central disc.

[0066] Generally, this harvesting mechanism includes an even number of harvesters. Half of the harvesters are located on the same side along the entire direction of machine movement, while the other half are located on the opposite side. The harvesters on both sides are arranged in a corresponding manner, but the corresponding harvesters are not symmetrical: there is a certain height difference between the corresponding harvesters in the vertical direction, and a front-to-back position difference in the horizontal direction. The presence of height and front-to-back position differences between the harvesters facilitates the gripping and picking of tobacco leaves, as well as the upward and downward removal of leaves.

[0067] The harvesting mechanism in this embodiment includes four harvesters, two of which are located on the same side and the other two on the opposite side. The harvesters on both sides are arranged correspondingly, but there are differences in height and front-to-back position. During the harvesting process, the tobacco leaves are positioned between the harvesters on both sides, which can grip and grasp the leaves. The harvesters harvest the tobacco leaves as they move from top to bottom.

[0068] The harvester is made of flexible material to reduce damage to the tobacco leaves, maintain their integrity, reduce breakage, and ensure the quality of the tobacco leaves.

[0069] The harvester 37, located on the same side, is rotatably connected to the harvester connecting pipe 36. In this embodiment, the harvester 37 rotates with the harvester connecting pipe 36 via a rotating shaft. The lower end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the harvester connecting pipe, and the upper end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the harvester.

[0070] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the front and rear ends of the harvester connecting pipe 36 are connected to the telescopic lifting unit, respectively. During the operation of the telescopic lifting unit, the harvester 37 is driven to make vertical up-and-down movement and horizontal inward and outward extension movement through the harvester connecting pipe 36.

[0071] The telescopic lifting unit includes a first transmission chain 32, a sliding plate 34, and a connecting pipe sliding block 35. The first transmission chain 32 is arranged vertically, and its upper and lower ends are respectively wound around a first sprocket and a second sprocket. During the rotation of the sprockets, the first transmission chain 32 is driven to rotate. Both the first sprocket and the second sprocket are mounted on the first support plate 30.

[0072] Linear guide rails 33 are provided on the left and right outer sides of the first transmission chain 32, and the linear guide rails 33 are fixed on the first support plate 30. The two ends of the slide plate 34 are slidably connected to the linear guide rails 33 on both sides, and the linear guide rails 33 play a guiding and limiting role in the up and down movement of the slide plate 34.

[0073] In this embodiment, the linear guide 33 is provided with vertical continuous protrusions, and corresponding grooves are provided at both ends of the slide plate. The protrusions are slidably disposed in the grooves, thereby realizing the sliding connection between the linear guide 33 and the slide plate 34.

[0074] Both ends of the harvester connecting tube 36 are fixed with connecting tube sliding blocks 35. A horizontal groove is provided on the slide plate 34, and the connecting tube sliding blocks 35 are slidably disposed within the horizontal groove of the slide plate 34. One end of the connecting tube sliding block 35 is fixedly connected to the harvester connecting tube 36, and the other end is fixed with a connecting pin 47. This connecting pin 47 is fixedly connected to a chain pin on the first transmission chain, or directly replaces a chain pin on the first transmission chain. During the rotation of the first transmission chain 32 driven by the sprocket, the first transmission chain 32 drives the connecting tube sliding block 35 connected to it to move along the chain's direction of movement. Simultaneously, the connecting tube sliding block 35 slides left and right within the groove of the slide plate 34. The slide plate 34 guides and limits the left-right extension and retraction, as well as the up-down movement of the connecting tube sliding block 35. The connecting tube sliding block 35 drives the harvester connecting tube 36 and the harvester 37 to achieve up-down movement and left-right extension and retraction.

[0075] Both ends of the harvester connecting pipe 36 are connected to the telescopic lifting parts, and the two telescopic lifting parts operate simultaneously and synchronously. In this embodiment, the rotation of the transmission chain is driven by the harvesting motor 14. The output shaft of the harvesting motor 14 is connected to the central shaft of the third sprocket, and the third sprocket and the fourth sprocket are connected by the second transmission chain 31. The fourth sprocket and the first sprocket are coaxially arranged. During the operation of the harvesting motor 14, the third sprocket is driven to rotate. The third sprocket drives the fourth sprocket and the first sprocket, which is coaxial with it, to rotate through the chain drive. During the rotation of the first sprocket, the first transmission chain 32 is rotated.

[0076] To ensure synchronized movement between the telescopic lifting sections on both sides, the third sprockets of the telescopic lifting sections on both sides are connected by a drive shaft 40.

[0077] Tobacco leaves mature gradually from bottom to top. The leaves of the same tobacco plant mature at different times, and the maturity period of the upper and lower tobacco leaves differs greatly. Leaves in different layers need to be harvested in layers according to their maturity. Therefore, tobacco harvesting needs to be carried out in stages and batches, and the harvesting principle of "same variety, same part, same maturity" should be followed. Only tobacco leaves with good and consistent maturity can be harvested and then cured to produce high-quality yellow tobacco.

[0078] In this application, a lifting mechanism is designed to achieve layered harvesting of tobacco leaves. The lifting mechanism includes a lifting motor 17 and ball screws 13 connected to four telescopic lifting parts respectively. The top of the ball screws 13 is rotatably connected to the sub-frame crossbeam 26.

[0079] like Figure 5 and Figure 6A fifth sprocket 44 is fixed to the upper end of the ball screw 13, and the four fifth sprockets 44 of the ball screws are connected by a third transmission chain. In this embodiment, in order to ensure that the third transmission chain can move normally, a chain guide rail 48 is provided at the bottom of the sub-frame crossbeam 26, and the third transmission chain is set in the chain guide rail 48. The third transmission chain, the chain guide rail and the fifth sprocket form a closed chain link, ensuring that each fifth sprocket and the four ball screws connected to the fifth sprocket can rotate synchronously, thereby realizing that the four telescopic lifting parts located on both sides of the tobacco leaf can be raised and lowered synchronously.

[0080] The ball screw 23 is fitted with a ball nut 46, which is threadedly engaged with the ball screw 13. That is, the ball screw 13 has external threads, and the corresponding ball nut 46 has internal threads. During the rotation of the ball screw 13, the threaded engagement between it and the ball nut 46 causes the ball nut 46 to reciprocate up and down along the axial direction of the ball screw 13.

[0081] A height-adjusting square tube 39 is fixed to the side of the first support frame of the telescopic lifting unit facing the sub-frame column. The height-adjusting square tube 39 is sleeved on the outside of the sub-frame column 25, and the height-adjusting square tube 39 and the sub-frame column 25 are slidably connected. A height-adjusting nut bracket 45 is fixed to the outer side of the height-adjusting square tube 39. The height-adjusting nut bracket 45 is located above the ball nut 46, and the height-adjusting nut bracket 45 is in contact with the ball nut 46.

[0082] In this embodiment, during the forward rotation of the lifting motor 17, the ball screw 13 drives the ball nut 46 to move upward. The ball nut 46 pushes the height adjustment nut bracket 45 and the height adjustment square tube 39 fixedly connected to the height adjustment nut bracket 45 to move upward, thereby causing the telescopic lifting part fixedly connected to the height adjustment square tube to move upward. During the reverse rotation of the lifting motor 17, the ball screw 13 drives the ball nut 46 to move downward. At this time, the height adjustment nut bracket 45 and the height adjustment square tube 39 fixedly connected to the height adjustment nut bracket automatically move downward under their own gravity, thereby realizing the downward movement of the telescopic lifting part. Since the four ball screws move synchronously, the synchronous rising and falling of the telescopic lifting part is achieved.

[0083] During the rotation of the ball screw, in order to reduce the friction between the ball screw 13 and the sub-frame beam 26, a thrust bearing 42 is fixed at the upper end of the ball screw 13, and a bearing sleeve 43 is fixed in the sub-frame beam accordingly. The thrust bearing 42 is rotatably installed in the bearing sleeve 43, which reduces the rotational friction between the ball screw and the sub-frame beam.

[0084] The lifting motor 17 in this application is connected to one of the ball screws via a transmission mechanism. A sixth sprocket 41 is fixed to the top of the ball screw, and the sixth sprocket 41 is connected to the output shaft of the lifting motor via a chain drive. During operation, the power output of the lifting motor is transmitted to the sixth sprocket 41 via the chain drive, causing the ball screw fixedly connected to the sixth sprocket 41 to rotate. During the rotation of this ball screw, power is transmitted to the other three ball screws via a fifth sprocket and a third transmission chain, achieving synchronous rotation of the ball screws.

[0085] When the height of the telescopic lifting unit is adjusted to the appropriate position of the tobacco plant, the height adjustment square tube is fixed to the sub-frame column by locking bolts. At this time, both the height adjustment square tube and the sub-frame column are provided with corresponding bolt holes. The locking bolts pass through the bolt holes on the height adjustment square tube and the sub-frame column in sequence, thereby realizing the fixed connection between the height adjustment square tube and the sub-frame column and achieving the purpose of harvesting tobacco leaves in stages and layers.

[0086] In this application, during the tobacco harvesting process using the tobacco harvesting device, the telescopic lifting part is first adjusted to the mature, unharvested tobacco leaves by the lifting mechanism, placing the tobacco leaves between the harvesters on both sides. Then, the harvesting motor 14 is activated, transmitting power to the first transmission chain 32, thereby realizing the rotation of the first transmission chain 32.

[0087] The first transmission chain 32 rotates counterclockwise, driving the harvester 37 from the lower outer end to the upper outer end via the harvester connecting pipe 36, and then to the upper inner end. When the harvester 37 reaches the upper inner end, the harvesters on both sides begin to tightly grip the tobacco leaves. As the harvester 37 continues to move with the first transmission chain 32, it gradually moves from the upper inner end to the lower inner end. Therefore, while tightly gripping the tobacco leaves, the harvesters on both sides apply a downward pulling force to the tobacco leaves. Because the tobacco leaves are relatively brittle when mature, they can be easily pulled off the tobacco stems. When the harvester moves with the first transmission chain to the lower inner end, the harvesters on both sides work together to pull the tobacco leaves off the tobacco stems, thus achieving the harvesting of the tobacco leaves.

[0088] A tobacco leaf conveying device is installed on the fixed main frame below the tobacco leaf harvesting device. The tobacco leaf conveying device includes a conveying mechanism and a collecting mechanism. In this embodiment, a conveying mechanism is located directly below each harvester, therefore the tobacco leaf conveying device includes two sets of conveying mechanisms.

[0089] The conveying mechanism includes a conveyor belt 12 and a roller motor 10. Both ends of the conveyor belt 12 are wound around rollers, one of which is connected to the output end of the roller motor 10. Therefore, when the roller motor is working, it can drive the conveyor belt to rotate via the rollers. During the rotation of the conveyor belt, tobacco leaves are transported from the front end to the rear end.

[0090] The collection mechanism includes a tobacco leaf collection bag 11 located at the rear end of the fixed main frame. When the tobacco leaves are conveyed to the rear end by the conveyor belt, as the transmission belt 12 continues to rotate, the tobacco leaves automatically fall into the tobacco leaf collection bag 11 under their own gravity, thereby realizing the automatic collection of tobacco leaves.

[0091] This harvester enables phased and tiered harvesting of tobacco leaves, and during the harvesting process, it can automatically harvest, transport, and collect mature tobacco leaves. Its working process is described below.

[0092] Since tobacco leaves mature from top to bottom, the upper leaves mature first. At this point, the position of the harvesting mechanism is adjusted via a lifting mechanism to position it at the top where the mature leaves are located. The lifting motor 16 activates, transmitting power to each ball screw via chain drive. As the ball screws rotate, they drive the ball nuts upwards. These ball nuts, through the height adjustment nut bracket, push the height adjustment square tube and the telescopic lifting part upwards, thereby moving the harvesters upwards and positioning the mature tobacco leaves between the harvesters on both sides.

[0093] Next, the harvesting motor 14 operates, transmitting power to the first transmission chain 32 via chain drive. As the first transmission chain 32 rotates, it drives the harvester connecting pipe 36 and the harvester 37 to rotate together. When the harvester 37 moves to the upper inner end with the first transmission chain 32, the harvesters 37 on both sides clamp the mature tobacco leaves; when the harvester 37 moves from the upper inner end to the lower inner end, it clamps the tobacco leaves while simultaneously pulling them downwards, tearing the tobacco leaves off the tobacco plant.

[0094] When the picker 37 moves from the inside to the outside, the tobacco leaves between the two pickers fall onto the conveyor belt under their own weight, and move with the conveyor belt to the rear end of the fixed main frame, and finally fall into the tobacco leaf collection bag 11.

[0095] As the harvester 37 moves with the first transmission chain, it continuously repeats the above harvesting process to harvest the mature tobacco leaves in that layer.

[0096] After the mature tobacco leaves in this layer are harvested, the tobacco harvesting work for this stage is completed. When the next layer of tobacco leaves matures, the position of the harvester is adjusted by the lifting mechanism. The lifting motor 17 is activated, causing the ball screw 13 to rotate. At this time, the ball nut 46 moves downward, and the height adjustment square tube 39 and the telescopic lifting part move downward under their own weight, thereby lowering the position of the harvester. After the height of the harvester is adjusted, the first transmission chain 32 drives the harvester 37 to complete the harvesting of the tobacco leaves in this layer.

[0097] Once the tobacco leaves have matured, adjust the position of the harvester appropriately to complete the harvesting of all mature tobacco leaves until all mature tobacco leaves have been harvested.

[0098] The above provides a detailed description of the tracked small single-row tobacco harvester provided by this utility model. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this utility model. The descriptions of the embodiments above are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this utility model without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model. The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use this utility model. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A small-sized single-row tobacco leaf harvesting machine of a crawler type, comprising a frame, characterized in that, The frame includes a fixed main frame and a movable sub-frame, which are rotatably connected. The tobacco harvesting device is mounted on the movable sub-frame. The tobacco harvesting device includes: The harvesting mechanism includes a harvester and a telescopic lifting unit connected to the harvester. During the harvesting process, the tobacco leaves are located between the harvesters on both sides. The telescopic lifting unit drives the harvester to move up and down and inward and outward at the same time, so as to harvest the tobacco leaves. The lifting mechanism includes ball screws connected to the telescopic lifting section to adjust the height of the telescopic lifting section.

2. The tracked small single-row tobacco harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed main frame includes four main frame columns arranged vertically. The upper ends of two adjacent main frame columns are fixedly connected by a main frame crossbeam. The bottom of two main frame columns on the same side along the machine's movement direction is fixedly connected to a traveling device panel.

3. The tracked small single-row tobacco harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main frame consists of four sub-frame columns arranged vertically. The sub-frame columns are located inside the main frame columns, and the upper ends of two adjacent sub-frame columns are fixedly connected by sub-frame crossbeams. The sub-frame crossbeam is located below the main frame crossbeam. A rotating shaft is fixed on the upper surface of the sub-frame crossbeam, and a bushing is fixed on the lower surface of the main frame crossbeam. One end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the sub-frame crossbeam, and the other end is rotatably set in the bushing.

4. The tracked small single-row tobacco harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The harvesters located on both sides of the tobacco leaf are set in pairs, and the height and front-to-back positions of the harvesters on both sides of the pair are different. The harvester includes a central disc and several harvesting teeth spaced apart along the circumferential edge of the disc, the harvesting teeth being elongated. The harvester, located on the same side, is rotatably mounted on the harvester connecting pipe. The front and rear ends of the harvester connecting pipe are respectively connected to the telescopic lifting part, and the movements of several telescopic lifting parts are synchronized.

5. The tracked small single-row tobacco harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that, The telescopic lifting unit includes: The harvesting motor is connected to the first transmission chain to transmit power to the first transmission chain; The first transmission chain is arranged vertically, with its two ends respectively wound around the first transmission sprocket and the second transmission sprocket; The slide plate has vertically arranged linear guide rails on the left and right sides of the first transmission chain, and the two ends of the slide plate arranged in the horizontal direction are slidably connected to the linear guide rails on both sides. The slide plate has a horizontal slide groove. The connecting tube sliding block is slidably set in the horizontal groove of the slide plate. One end of it is fixedly connected to the picking device connecting tube, and the other end is fixed with a connecting pin. The connecting pin is fixedly connected to the chain pin of the first transmission chain, or the connecting pin and the chain pin of the first transmission chain are integrated into one piece.

6. The tracked small single-row tobacco harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism includes: Each ball screw is connected to the telescopic lifting unit, and a fifth sprocket is fixed at its upper end. The fifth sprockets of several ball screws are connected by a closed-loop third transmission chain. A ball nut is fitted on the outside of the ball screw, and the ball nut and the ball screw are threaded together. The height-adjusting square tube is fixedly connected to the telescopic lifting part and is slidably sleeved on the sub-frame column. The height-adjusting square tube is fixed with a height-adjusting nut bracket, which is located above the ball nut and is in contact with the ball nut. The lifting motor is connected to one of the ball screws via a chain drive.

7. The tracked small single-row tobacco harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, Traveling devices are provided on both sides along the machine's traveling direction. The traveling devices include: The travel motor is mounted on the travel device panel; The tracked traveling mechanism includes a track, a driving wheel, and a driven wheel. The track is wound around the driving wheel and the driven wheel, and the driving wheel is connected to the output shaft of the traveling motor.

8. The tracked small single-row tobacco harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, A seating device is located at the rear of the fixed main frame. The seating device includes: Several seats are located behind the fixed main frame; The seat height adjustment plate is located under the seat. Its top end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the seat, and its bottom end is connected to the seat support tube by bolts. The bottom end has several bolt holes arranged in a circle. The seat support tube is fixedly connected at its front end to the rear side of the fixed main frame via a seat connector, and at its rear end to the seat height adjustment plate.

9. The tracked small single-row tobacco harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, Below the tobacco harvesting device is a tobacco leaf conveying device, which includes: Several conveying mechanisms are provided, with a conveyor belt and a roller motor located below each harvester on each side. The conveyor belt is set along the direction of movement of the machine. The collection mechanism, including tobacco leaf collection bags, is located on the rear side of the fixed main frame.

Images