A vortex stopping device for an ammonia converter

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of ammonia synthesis tower flow-stopping devices, including the intersection of ammonia synthesis tower center pipe outer wall and catalyst basket small cover obliquely placed perforated plate, multiple flow-guiding holes are evenly distributed on the perforated plate, and the perforated plate is crossed with cold shock tube, the cold shock tube passes through perforated plate and is communicated with upper and lower pipeline, perforated plate, perforated tube and perforated cover plate form the three-stage flow-stopping system of "obliquely placed flow-guiding-axial dispersion-horizontal buffer", the opening rate gradient can be dynamically adjusted resistance distribution according to airflow velocity, still can maintain stable flow-stopping effect when load fluctuation, solve the problem that traditional single structure is poor in adaptability, various components are modularly connected by support, sleeve setting etc., without large-scale reconstruction to ammonia synthesis tower main structure, installation working hours is reduced;Perforated structure has no complex flow channel design, catalyst dust can be cleaned conveniently by high-pressure water washing, reduce maintenance cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of ammonia synthesis tower technology, and in particular to an anti-cyclone device for ammonia synthesis tower. Background Technology

[0002] The ammonia synthesis tower is the core equipment in the ammonia synthesis process. The uniformity of gas flow in the catalyst basket area directly affects the catalyst utilization rate, reaction conversion rate, and equipment operational safety. In existing technologies, after the feed gas enters the catalyst basket through the quench tube, a swirling flow easily forms at the junction of the outer wall of the central tube and the small cover of the catalyst basket. This is because the gas has an initial velocity vector when it exits the quench tube, and the annular space between the central tube and the inner wall of the catalyst basket is prone to eddy current effects. The presence of this swirling flow leads to the following problems:

[0003] Uneven gas distribution in the catalyst bed can cause catalyst erosion and wear due to excessively high flow rates in some areas, while excessively low flow rates in others can lead to incomplete reactions and reduce overall catalytic efficiency.

[0004] The turbulent impact caused by the swirling flow will intensify the vibration at the connection between the central tube and the catalyst basket, which may lead to structural fatigue in the long run.

[0005] The local low-pressure zone formed by the swirling flow can easily cause catalyst pulverization. The pulverized catalyst enters the downstream equipment with the airflow, increasing the risk of system blockage.

[0006] While existing technologies employ single baffles or guide rings to suppress swirling, they suffer from significant drawbacks: baffle structures easily create dead volumes, leading to gas circling; the fixed-angle design of guide rings cannot adapt to airflow variations under different operating conditions, resulting in unstable anti-swirling effects; and existing structures often utilize single materials and simple opening designs, making it difficult to balance high-temperature resistance with airflow dispersion efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an anti-swirling device that can efficiently eliminate swirling, adapt to complex operating conditions, and possess a stable structure. Utility Model Content

[0007] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, one of the objectives of this utility model is to provide an anti-swirl device for an ammonia synthesis tower.

[0008] One of the objectives of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0009] A device for preventing swirl in an ammonia synthesis tower includes a perforated plate obliquely placed at the intersection of the outer wall of the central pipe of the ammonia synthesis tower and the small cover of the catalyst basket. Multiple guide holes are evenly distributed on the perforated plate, and the perforated plate is arranged intersecting with a quench tube. The quench tube passes through the perforated plate and is connected to the upper and lower pipelines.

[0010] Furthermore, the perforated plate has an arc-shaped structure with its convex surface facing the central tube side, and the diameter of the guide hole gradually increases from the center to the edge along the radial direction of the perforated plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the perforated plate is made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel with a thickness of 3-5mm, and the opening ratio of the guide holes is 30%-50%.

[0012] Furthermore, the included angle between the perforated plate and the outer wall of the central tube is 45°-60°, and the edge of the perforated plate is connected to the small cover of the catalyst basket via a fixed bracket.

[0013] Furthermore, a porous tube is coaxially sleeved on the top of the central tube. The diameter of the porous tube is larger than that of the central tube, and the porous tube has evenly distributed air vents on its wall.

[0014] Furthermore, the length of the porous tube is 1.5-2 times the diameter of the central tube, and the vent holes are elongated and uniformly arranged along the axial direction of the porous tube.

[0015] Furthermore, a perforated cover plate is horizontally provided on the top of the catalyst basket cover, and through holes matching the cooling tube are opened on the perforated cover plate, with an opening ratio of 20%-30%.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0017] 1. The inclined arc-shaped perforated plate, with its radially gradually changing aperture design, guides the airflow to diffuse along the radial gradient. Combined with an installation angle of 45°-60°, it effectively counteracts the tangential velocity component of the swirling flow. The perforated tube and the central tube are coaxially fitted to form a secondary flow guide, and the elongated vent holes further disperse the concentrated airflow. The two work together to form a uniform radial distribution of gas at the inlet of the catalyst bed.

[0018] 2. The perforated plate and fixing bracket made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel can withstand the high temperature and high pressure environment of ammonia synthesis reaction, avoiding structural failure caused by material deterioration; the rigid connection between the perforated plate and the small cover of the catalyst basket and the buffering effect of the multi-layer perforated structure reduce the vibration caused by airflow impact.

[0019] 3. The perforated plate, perforated tube and perforated cover plate form a three-stage anti-spin system of "oblique flow guidance - axial dispersion - horizontal buffer". The opening ratio gradient can dynamically adjust the resistance distribution according to the airflow speed. It can still maintain a stable anti-spin effect when the load fluctuates, which solves the problem of poor adaptability of traditional single structure.

[0020] 4. The components are modularly connected by brackets and other means, eliminating the need for large-scale modifications to the main structure of the ammonia synthesis tower and reducing installation time; the porous structure has no complex flow channel design, and catalyst dust can be easily cleaned by high-pressure water washing, reducing maintenance costs.

[0021] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of this utility model. In order to better understand the technical means of this utility model and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of this embodiment;

[0023] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of this embodiment;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the components along the ammonia synthesis tower in this embodiment;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the central tube structure of the component in this embodiment;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the component fixing bracket structure in this embodiment;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the catalyst basket cover structure in this embodiment;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a bottom view of the cooling tube component in this embodiment.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Along the ammonia synthesis tower; 2. Central pipe; 3. Catalyst basket cover; 41. Flow guide hole; 5. Cooling tube; 6. Fixed support; 7. Porous pipe; 71. Vent hole; 8. Porous cover plate; 81. Through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0031] It should be noted that when a component is described as "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or may have a component in between. When a component is considered "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or may have a component in between. When a component is considered "set on" another component, it can be directly set on the other component or may have a component in between. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0033] Example:

[0034] The anti-cyclone device for the ammonia synthesis tower in this embodiment includes a perforated plate 4 obliquely placed at the intersection of the outer wall of the central pipe 2 of the ammonia synthesis tower 1 and the small cover 3 of the catalyst basket. Multiple guide holes 41 are evenly distributed on the perforated plate 4, and the perforated plate 4 is intersected with the quench tube 5. The quench tube 5 passes through the perforated plate 4 and connects to the upper and lower pipelines. The perforated plate 4 has an arc-shaped structure, with its convex surface facing the central pipe 2. The diameter of the guide holes 41 gradually increases radially from the center to the edge of the perforated plate 4. The perforated plate 4 is made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel with a thickness of 3-5 mm, and the opening ratio of the guide holes 41 is 30%-50%. The included angle between the porous plate 4 and the outer wall of the central tube 2 is 45°-60°, and the edge of the porous plate 4 is connected to the catalyst basket cover 3 through the fixed bracket 6. The top of the central tube 2 is coaxially fitted with a porous tube 7. The diameter of the porous tube 7 is larger than that of the central tube 2. The porous tube 7 has evenly distributed vent holes 71 on its wall. The length of the porous tube 7 is 1.5-2 times the diameter of the central tube 2. The vent holes 71 are elongated and evenly arranged along the axial direction of the porous tube 7. The top of the catalyst basket cover 3 is also horizontally fitted with a porous cover plate 8. The porous cover plate 8 has through holes 81 that match the cold quench tube 5. The opening rate of the porous cover plate 8 is 20%-30%.

[0035] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on this utility model shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

Claims

1. An ammonia converter deswirler device, characterized by, It includes a perforated plate (4) that is inclined at the intersection of the outer wall of the central pipe (2) of the ammonia synthesis tower (1) and the small cover (3) of the catalyst basket. Multiple guide holes (41) are evenly distributed on the perforated plate (4), and the perforated plate (4) is intersected with the quench tube (5). The quench tube (5) passes through the perforated plate (4) and is connected to the upper and lower pipelines.

2. The ammonia converter flow-breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that The perforated plate (4) has an arc-shaped structure with its convex surface facing the central tube (2). The diameter of the guide hole (41) gradually increases from the center to the edge along the radial direction of the perforated plate (4).

3. The ammonia converter flow stoppage device of claim 1, wherein The perforated plate (4) is made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel with a thickness of 3-5mm, and the opening rate of the guide hole (41) is 30%-50%.

4. The ammonia converter flow stoppage device of claim 1, wherein The included angle between the perforated plate (4) and the outer wall of the central tube (2) is 45°-60°, and the edge of the perforated plate (4) is connected to the catalyst basket cover (3) through a fixed bracket (6).

5. The ammonia converter flow-breaker of claim 1 wherein, A porous tube (7) is coaxially sleeved on the top of the central tube (2). The diameter of the porous tube (7) is larger than that of the central tube (2). Ventilation holes (71) are evenly distributed on the wall of the porous tube (7).

6. The ammonia converter flow-breaker according to claim 5, characterized in that The length of the porous tube (7) is 1.5-2 times the diameter of the central tube (2), and the vent holes (71) are elongated and uniformly arranged along the axial direction of the porous tube (7).

7. The ammonia converter flow-breaker of claim 1 wherein, The top of the catalyst basket cover (3) is also horizontally provided with a perforated cover plate (8), and the perforated cover plate (8) has through holes (81) that match the cooling tube (5), and the perforation rate of the perforated cover plate (8) is 20%-30%.

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