A guide vane adjustable flue gas distributor

Abstract

This utility model relates to flue gas distribution technology in the field of industrial wastewater treatment, specifically, to a flue gas distributor with adjustable guide vanes. It includes a distributor body fixed to the top of a drying tower, with its inlet connected to the volute inlet flue. A guide vane is installed at the connection between the distributor body and the volute inlet flue, with its inclined guide plate forming a tangential flue inlet to convert axial airflow to tangential flow. An outer air duct and an inner air duct are coaxially arranged on the outside of the distributor body. Fixed guide vanes are arranged circumferentially inside the outer air duct to form a stable basic swirling flow field. Adjustable guide vanes are arranged circumferentially inside the inner air duct. The guide vane angle and opening are synchronously adjusted by a servo motor driving a gearbox to control the flue gas velocity in the inner air duct. This utility model controls flue gas flow through dual-duct layered control. The fixed guide vanes in the outer air duct provide a reference swirling flow, while the adjustable guide vanes in the inner air duct achieve dynamic optimization of the flow field, improving the evaporation efficiency of desulfurization wastewater and avoiding wall adhesion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to flue gas distribution technology in the field of industrial wastewater treatment technology, specifically, to a flue gas distributor with adjustable guide vanes. Background Technology

[0002] In desulfurization wastewater treatment, traditional methods such as evaporation crystallization, high-temperature flue gas evaporation, and low-temperature multi-effect evaporation each have their shortcomings. Evaporation crystallization is energy-intensive, prone to equipment scaling, and requires significant investment; high-temperature flue gas evaporation cannot recover water resources and may affect subsequent processes and cause flue gas corrosion; low-temperature multi-effect evaporation utilizes the waste heat of the desulfurization inlet flue gas to reduce energy consumption, but its practical application still faces challenges. The drying tower, as a key piece of equipment in concentrated brine treatment, atomizes and dries the concentrated brine using a rotating atomizing disc. Most of the salt is collected and discharged, while the remainder is discharged with dust. Existing flue gas distributors are used to guide high-temperature flue gas into the drying tower to promote rapid evaporation of wastewater.

[0003] However, the currently used rotary atomizing bypass flue gas evaporation system exhibits insufficient performance under low load or low influent flow conditions. In particular, when the flue gas flow rate entering the drying tower is far below the design value, the flue gas flow velocity slows down significantly, leading to an unstable flow state near the inner surface of the flue gas channel, making it difficult to form an effective swirling effect around the rotating atomizing disc. This not only disrupts the airflow mixing within the flue gas distributor but also prevents some flue gas from fully contacting the desulfurization wastewater, resulting in low evaporation efficiency and wastewater adhesion to the walls. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a flue gas distributor with adjustable guide vanes to solve the problems in the prior art where the flue gas distributor has disordered airflow mixing, ineffective contact between flue gas and desulfurization wastewater, resulting in incomplete evaporation and wastewater sticking to the wall under low load or low water flow conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, a flue gas distributor with adjustable guide vanes is provided, comprising a distributor body fixedly connected to the top of a drying tower, the distributor body's air inlet fixedly connected to a volute air inlet flue, and an outer air duct and an inner air duct coaxially arranged on the outer side of the distributor body, wherein:

[0006] The external air duct has multiple sets of fixed guide vanes evenly arranged circumferentially inside.

[0007] The internal air duct is uniformly arranged with multiple sets of adjustable guide vanes in the circumferential direction. The adjustable guide vanes can adjust the angle and opening size.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the overall design features a dual-duct system. The outer duct has fixed guide vanes to maintain the basic swirl, while the inner duct reduces the flow cross-sectional area by adjusting the guide vanes. Even with a reduction in the total flue gas volume, the inner duct maintains a high local flow velocity, ensuring that the airflow tightly surrounds the atomizing disc. The fixed guide vanes in the outer duct provide the baseline swirl, while the adjustable guide vanes in the inner duct achieve dynamic velocity compensation and flow field optimization, ensuring a stable centripetal flow field is formed from high to low loads, allowing the flue gas to flow closely against the surface of the atomizing disc.

[0009] Based on this, a rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the end of the adjustable guide vane, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the gearbox;

[0010] The gearbox is equipped with a bracket and a servo motor is fixedly connected to it. The output shaft of the servo motor is fixedly connected to the worm gear, and the worm gear is meshed with the worm wheel.

[0011] A main bevel gear is fixedly connected below the worm gear, and the main bevel gear meshes with multiple sets of driven bevel gears. The other end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the driven bevel gears.

[0012] In this technical solution, the worm gear transmission used in the gear set has a one-way self-locking characteristic, which can prevent the guide vane from drifting at an angle under the impact of flue gas. The main bevel gear and multiple sets of driven bevel gears set below can realize the synchronous control of the adjustable guide vane by a single power source. The overall design is relatively compact and will not affect other components.

[0013] In another technical solution, a flow guide is provided at the connection between the distributor body and the volute air inlet flue. The flow guide is fixedly connected to the pipe. Multiple sets of inclined flow guide plates are provided in the middle of the flow guide, and tangential smoke inlets are formed between the multiple sets of flow guide plates.

[0014] This technical solution features multiple sets of inclined guide vanes in the center of the flow deflector, gradually changing the flue gas flow direction from axial to tangential, thus smoothly converting the flue gas kinetic energy into swirling kinetic energy. Under low-load conditions, the adjustable guide vanes in the inner duct reduce their opening, and the tangential flue gas inlet of the flow deflector automatically enhances centrifugal force due to the reduced flow velocity, allowing more flue gas to remain in the outer duct and preventing airflow separation caused by excessively low flow velocity in the inner duct.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0016] This adjustable guide vane flue gas distributor employs a dual-duct design, controlling the flue gas flow state in layers. The fixed guide vanes in the outer duct are evenly arranged circumferentially to form a stable tangential rotating airflow under any load, providing a basic swirling field for the drying tower and preventing high-temperature flue gas from directly impacting the atomizing disc. The adjustable guide vanes in the inner duct control the radial airflow distribution through angle and opening adjustment. At low loads, the guide vane opening is reduced to maintain the flow velocity in the inner duct and prevent airflow separation. At the same time, adjusting the guide vane angle can enhance the centripetal motion of the flue gas, making the airflow closely adhere to the surface of the atomizing disc to form a spiral flow field, solving the problems of insufficient flow velocity, turbulence, and inefficient wastewater evaporation and wall adhesion caused by traditional single-duct under varying operating conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dispenser body of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the gearbox of this utility model.

[0021] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows:

[0022] 1. Distributor body; 11. Pipe; 12. Flow guide; 13. External air duct; 14. Internal air duct; 15. Fixed guide vane; 16. Adjustable guide vane; 17. Gearbox; 171. Servo motor; 172. Worm; 173. Worm wheel; 174. Main bevel gear; 175. Driven bevel gear; 176. Rotary shaft; 18. Desulfurizing agent distributor; 19. Rotary atomizer; 2. Volute inlet flue; 3. Drying tower. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0025] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0026] Please see Figure 1 As shown, the purpose of this embodiment is to provide a flue gas distributor with adjustable guide vanes, including a distributor body 1, which is fixedly connected to the top of the drying tower 3, and the air inlet of the distributor body 1 is fixedly connected to the volute air inlet flue 2. Figure 2 As shown, an outer air duct 13 and an inner air duct 14 are coaxially arranged on the outside of the distributor body 1. Multiple sets of fixed guide vanes 15 are evenly arranged circumferentially inside the outer air duct 13. The angle of the fixed guide vanes 15 can be set to form a stable basic swirling field. Multiple sets of adjustable guide vanes 16 are arranged circumferentially inside the inner air duct 14. The guide vane angle and opening are synchronously adjusted by a servo motor 171 driving a gearbox 17, thereby controlling the flue gas velocity of the inner air duct 14.

[0027] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a pipe 11 is located on the central axis of the distributor body 1, and a desulfurizing agent distributor 18 is fixedly connected below the pipe 11. A rotary atomizer 19 is installed at the end of the desulfurizing agent distributor 18. A guide 12 is provided at the connection between the volute inlet flue 2 and the distributor body 1. The guide 12 is fixedly connected to the pipe 11 and has multiple sets of inclined guide plates inside. These guide plates form a tangential flue gas inlet, which can gradually convert the axially entering flue gas flow into tangential flow, so that the kinetic energy of the flue gas is smoothly converted into swirling kinetic energy. Under low load conditions, when the adjustable guide vanes 16 of the inner air duct 14 reduce their opening, the tangential flue gas inlet will automatically enhance the centrifugal effect due to the reduced flow velocity, causing more flue gas to remain in the outer air duct 13, thus avoiding airflow separation caused by excessively low flow velocity in the inner air duct 14.

[0028] like Figure 4As shown, the end of the adjustable guide vane 16 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 176. The rotating shaft 176 extends into the gearbox 17 and is connected to a worm 172 that meshes with a worm gear 173. A servo motor 171 is installed inside the gearbox 17. The output shaft of the servo motor 171 drives the worm 172 to rotate, which in turn drives the worm gear 173 to rotate. A main bevel gear 174 is fixed below the worm gear 173. The main bevel gear 174 meshes with multiple sets of driven bevel gears 175. The other end of the rotating shaft 176 is fixed to the driven bevel gears 175. The worm gear transmission has a one-way self-locking characteristic, which prevents the guide vane from drifting under the impact of flue gas. The cooperation between the main bevel gear 174 and the driven bevel gears 175 enables a single power source to synchronously control multiple sets of adjustable guide vanes 16, ensuring that the guide vane angle and opening are consistent.

[0029] During operation, the fixed guide vanes 15 of the outer air duct 13 form a stable tangential rotating airflow through a uniform circumferential arrangement, providing a basic swirling field for the drying tower 3 and preventing high-temperature flue gas from directly impacting the rotating atomizer 19. The adjustable guide vanes 16 of the inner air duct 14 adjust their angle and opening in real time via a servo motor 171. When the system is under low load or the influent flow is low, the guide vane opening is reduced to decrease the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the inner air duct 14, maintaining a local high flow velocity and ensuring that the airflow closely adheres to the surface of the rotating atomizer 19. At the same time, adjusting the guide vane angle enhances the centripetal motion of the flue gas, forming a spiral flow field, allowing the flue gas to fully contact the atomized desulfurization wastewater, improving evaporation efficiency and preventing wastewater from sticking to the wall.

[0030] To achieve the interlocked automatic adjustment function between the adjustable guide vane flue gas distributor and the subsequent condensate recirculation system, an intelligent control system based on multi-sensor feedback was designed. This system monitors key parameters in real time and dynamically adjusts the guide vane angle and opening to ensure that the flue gas flow state matches the desulfurization wastewater treatment requirements.

[0031] In terms of sensor configuration, a flue gas flow sensor is installed at the inlet of the volute inlet flue 2 to monitor the flue gas flow entering the drying tower 3 in real time, providing a reference signal for guide vane adjustment. Temperature sensors are respectively arranged at the inlet of the distributor body 1 and the outlet of the top flue of the drying tower 3 to monitor the inlet and outlet temperatures of the flue gas, assisting in heat balance calculation and evaporation efficiency evaluation. Three pressure sensors are arranged circumferentially downstream of the adjustable guide vanes in the outer air duct 13 and the inner air duct 14 to monitor the pressure distribution within the air ducts, determine swirl stability, and assess the risk of airflow separation. A flow sensor is integrated into the inlet pipe 11 of the desulfurizing agent distributor 18 to detect the desulfurization wastewater inflow in real time and interlock with the flue gas flow to control the guide vane movement. The guide vane position sensor is installed at the end of the rotating shaft 176 inside the gearbox 17, directly feeding back the actual angle and opening of the adjustable guide vane to ensure adjustment accuracy.

[0032] The system uses a PLC as the core controller, integrating a thermal balance calculation module to receive real-time signals of flue gas flow, temperature, pressure, wastewater flow, and guide vane position. The controller outputs commands according to a preset strategy to drive the servo motor 171, which, through a worm gear 172 and gearbox 17, synchronously adjusts the guide vane angle and opening. Under low-load conditions (flue gas flow below 50% of the design value), the controller commands the inner duct 14 guide vane opening to be reduced to 30%, while simultaneously adjusting the guide vane angle to 15° to increase local flow velocity and enhance the centripetal spiral flow field. Under high-load conditions (flue gas flow exceeding 80%), the guide vane opening is adjusted to 80%, and the angle to 5° to ensure coordinated flow velocity in the inner and outer ducts 13. A dynamic compensation mechanism monitors the duct pressure difference in real-time using a pressure sensor. If the pressure fluctuation in the outer duct 13 exceeds 10%, the guide vane angle is immediately fine-tuned to stabilize the flow field. The actuator response time is strictly controlled within 3 seconds, ensuring the total system delay does not exceed 5 seconds.

[0033] Finally, the system is equipped with multiple protection mechanisms. When the pressure sensor detects a sudden increase in differential pressure in the inner duct 14, it triggers an emergency full-open guide vane command to prevent airflow blockage. If the guide vane position sensor malfunctions, it switches to a preset opening mode (50% opening, 10° angle) to maintain basic operational capabilities. Furthermore, key sensors are redundantly configured; for example, both the flue gas flow sensor and the external duct 13 pressure sensor have dual signal acquisition channels to ensure data reliability. Through this design, the control system can adapt to different loads and water volume changes, achieving seamless interlocking between the flue gas distributor and the condensate recirculation system, improving the evaporation efficiency of desulfurization wastewater and preventing wall adhesion, ultimately achieving efficient and stable operation of the drying tower 3 system under complex operating conditions.

[0034] Working Principle: After the flue gas enters the distributor body 1 from the volute inlet flue 2, it first flows through the guide vane 12. Multiple sets of inclined guide vanes inside the guide vane 12 gradually convert the originally axially flowing flue gas into tangential flow, smoothly converting the kinetic energy of the flue gas into swirling kinetic energy, forming a stable initial tangential airflow. Subsequently, the tangential flue gas splits into two paths and enters the dual-duct structure. In the outer duct 13, the circumferentially evenly distributed fixed guide vanes 15 further enhance the swirling intensity, forming a stable basic swirling field, providing a uniform rotating airflow for the drying tower 3, preventing the flue gas from directly impacting the rotating atomizer 19, and ensuring the overall flow stability.

[0035] Meanwhile, the adjustable guide vanes 16 of the inner air duct 14 are synchronously adjusted via a servo motor 171 driving a gearbox 17. The power output from the servo motor 171 is transmitted to the worm gear 172, which drives the worm wheel 173 to rotate. The main bevel gear 174 below the worm wheel 173 meshes with multiple sets of driven bevel gears 175, thereby driving the rotating shaft 176 to synchronously adjust the angle and opening of all adjustable guide vanes 16. By reducing the opening of the guide vanes 16, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the inner air duct 14 is reduced, and the local flow velocity is increased. Adjusting the angle of the guide vanes 16 changes the airflow direction and enhances the centripetal motion of the flue gas.

[0036] After the basic swirl flow of the outer air duct 13 and the dynamically regulated airflow of the inner air duct 14 converge in the drying tower 3, the airflow in the outer air duct 13 maintains the overall swirl frame, while the high-velocity airflow in the inner air duct 14 flows closely against the surface of the rotary atomizer 19, forming a spiral centripetal flow field. In this flow field, the flue gas and the atomized desulfurization wastewater sprayed from the rotary atomizer 19 come into full contact, and through turbulent mixing and heat exchange, the wastewater is ultimately evaporated efficiently.

[0037] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A flue gas distributor with adjustable guide vanes, comprising a distributor body (1), the distributor body (1) being fixedly connected to the top of a drying tower (3), the air inlet of the distributor body (1) being fixedly connected to a volute air inlet flue (2), characterized in that: The distributor body (1) is coaxially provided with an external air duct (13) and an internal air duct (14) on its outer side, wherein: The external air duct (13) has multiple sets of fixed guide vanes (15) evenly arranged in the circumferential direction inside; The inner air duct (14) has multiple sets of adjustable guide vanes (16) arranged evenly in the circumference. The adjustable guide vanes (16) can adjust the angle and opening size.

2. The damper vane adjustable flue gas distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable guide vane (16) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (176) at its end, and the rotating shaft (176) is rotatably connected to the gearbox (17).

3. The damper vane adjustable flue gas distributor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gearbox (17) is equipped with a bracket and a servo motor (171) is fixedly connected inside. The output shaft of the servo motor (171) is fixedly connected to the worm (172), and the worm (172) is meshed with the worm wheel (173).

4. The damper vane adjustable flue gas distributor according to claim 3, characterized in that: A main bevel gear (174) is fixedly connected below the worm gear (173). The main bevel gear (174) is meshed with multiple sets of driven bevel gears (175). The other end of the rotating shaft (176) is fixedly connected to the driven bevel gears (175).

5. The damper vane adjustable flue gas distributor of claim 1, wherein: A pipe (11) is provided at the central axis position of the distributor body (1), and a desulfurizing agent distributor (18) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pipe (11), and a rotary atomizer (19) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the desulfurizing agent distributor (18).

6. The vane-adjustable flue gas distributor according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide vane (12) is provided at the connection between the distributor body (1) and the volute inlet flue (2). The guide vane (12) is fixedly connected to the pipe (11). Multiple sets of inclined guide plates are provided in the middle of the guide vane (12), and tangential smoke inlets are formed between the multiple sets of guide plates.

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