A reactor for producing hard carbon black by an oil furnace method

Abstract

The utility model discloses a reactor for producing hard carbon black by oil furnace method, which comprises a combustion chamber, the front end of the combustion chamber is an oil and air mixing section, and the rear end is a combustion section; a combustion air main pipe is arranged on the outer side wall of the mixing section, and a combustion air distributor is arranged on the inner side wall; the combustion air distributor comprises a rectifier fin and a bypass distributor; the rectifier fin is arranged in the mixing section chamber, the bypass distributor is arranged at the rear end close to the combustion section position, and an air inlet hole plate is arranged at the rear end of the bypass distributor; air enters the combustion chamber through the combustion air main pipe, most of the main combustion air enters the mixing section chamber after the rectifier fin to mix with oil, and a small part of the combustion air directly enters the combustion section through the gap between the bypass distributor and the inner side wall; the bypass distributor enables the small part of the combustion air to protect the fire clay wall of the combustion chamber, can also form converging flame, protects the fire clay wall to improve the furnace temperature, further improves the production efficiency of hard carbon black, and provides stable flow field to improve the carbon black quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of carbon black production equipment, and more specifically, it relates to a reactor for producing hard carbon black using a blast furnace hot oil furnace method. Background Technology

[0002] Oil furnace carbon black production is currently the most common process in China's carbon black industry. The development of carbon black in China began in the 1990s with the introduction of the US Continental Carbon feedstock oil radiation spraying patent by Tianjin Dolphin Carbon Black Plant. Since then, apart from the coal tar source, most of the reactor's structural design has not changed significantly. Therefore, there is a clear gap between China and foreign countries in the control of carbon black morphology, especially the distribution of carbon black aggregates and the control of their surface activity. Furthermore, the concept of flame design for the combustion chamber remains in its early stages.

[0003] Hard carbon black products are mainly used in the tire industry. The production of low-wear tires requires relatively small virgin carbon black particles, such as... Figure 1 As shown, carbon black is the product of hydrocarbon cracking and polymerization, with a reaction time of only 10 seconds. -6 The pyrolysis calorific value provided before the reaction is crucial. The feedstock must be injected with a high calorific value to facilitate its evaporation, vaporization, and pyrolysis. The calorific value provided by the combustion chamber is a key process parameter determining the carbon black yield. Besides providing the necessary calorific value, the flame morphology of the combustion also determines the subsequent carbon black formation morphology. Therefore, the flame length should be avoided when designing the combustion chamber, ensuring that the feedstock is injected only after complete combustion. Furthermore, the flame morphology must remain stable to ensure the formation of a stable carbon black morphology during the subsequent formation and aggregation of primary particles. The formation process is as follows... Figure 2 As shown.

[0004] Currently, in the production of hard carbon black, the design of the reactor structure results in poor flame morphology and poor flow stability after complete combustion, which often leads to differences in the quality of carbon black products. This is especially true in the production of carbon black for high wear resistance and low heat generation all-steel tire treads, affecting the mileage of trucks and buses. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a reactor for producing hard carbon black using a blast furnace oil furnace method. This reactor overcomes the shortcomings of existing combustion chambers in oil furnace hard carbon black reactors. By incorporating a uniquely designed bypass distributor structure within the combustion chamber, a portion of the combustion air is diverted and enters the combustion section of the combustion chamber. This protects the refractory walls of the combustion chamber while simultaneously increasing the furnace temperature, improving carbon black generation efficiency, and providing a more stable flow field for subsequent carbon black production, thereby enhancing carbon black quality.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A reactor for producing hard carbon black using an oil furnace method includes a combustion chamber, wherein the front end of the combustion chamber is a fuel oil and air mixing section and the rear end is a combustion section;

[0008] A combustion air main pipe is provided on the outer wall of the mixing section of the combustion chamber, and a combustion air distributor is provided on the inner wall of the mixing section of the combustion chamber; the combustion air distributor includes a rectifier fin and a bypass distributor; the rectifier fin is located in the mixing section cavity at the front end of the combustion chamber, and the bypass distributor is located at the rear end of the combustion air distributor near the combustion section; an air intake plate is provided at the rear end of the bypass distributor near the combustion section.

[0009] The preheated combustion air enters the combustion chamber through the combustion air main pipe. Most of the main combustion air enters the mixing chamber of the combustion chamber after passing through the rectifier fins and mixes with the fuel. A small portion of the combustion air enters the combustion section located at the rear end of the combustion chamber directly through the gap between the bypass distributor and the inner wall.

[0010] As one embodiment of the present invention, the combustion chamber has a combustion chamber panel at its front end, and a fuel pipe extends through the combustion chamber panel into the mixing section chamber at the front end of the combustion chamber.

[0011] As one embodiment of this utility model, the bypass distributor is fixed on the inner wall of the cavity and located at the rear end of the rectifier fin.

[0012] As one embodiment of this utility model, the bypass distributor has a ring-shaped structure, and the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the ring-shaped bypass distributor is 5-10 cm.

[0013] As one embodiment of this utility model, the distance between the bypass distributor and the interface between the inner lining refractory mortar located on the inner sidewall is 1-3cm.

[0014] As an embodiment of this utility model, the air inlet plate is located 8-12cm away from the refractory mortar interface of the inner liner inside the combustion chamber. The air inlet plate and the bypass distributor located at its front end together divide the combustion section into a front end and a rear end.

[0015] As one embodiment of this utility model, the air intake plate has a through hole with a diameter of 20-25cm.

[0016] The main combustion air enters the combustion section through the intake orifice plate. Since the intake orifice plate is very important to the flame shape, it is preferable to set the diameter of the intake orifice plate within the above range. It is usually designed with the main combustion air flow rate controlled at 21 Nm / s.

[0017] In one embodiment of this utility model, the rectifier fin is fixed to the front end of the bypass distributor on the side near the combustion chamber panel.

[0018] As an embodiment of the present invention, the reactor further includes a fuel gun, wherein the fuel input from the fuel gun passes through a fuel pipe through the combustion chamber panel and enters the mixing chamber at the front end of the combustion chamber to mix with the main combustion air.

[0019] As one embodiment of the present invention, the reactor further includes a refractory layer disposed on the side wall of the combustion chamber.

[0020] Preferably, the thickness of the refractory layer is 5-10 cm, and the heat resistance temperature is approximately 2000℃. The purpose of setting the refractory layer is to stabilize the pressure, prevent backfire, prevent abnormal fuel flow when changing fuel nozzles, prevent fuel coking and overheating from damaging the bypass distributor, and further protect the bypass distributor.

[0021] As an embodiment of this utility model, the combustion air volume ratio of the bypass distributor is: a small portion of the combustion air (passing through the bypass distributor) / a large portion of the main combustion air = the annular area of ​​the bypass distributor / the through-hole area of ​​the intake plate.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0023] 1) The hard carbon black reactor structure provided by this utility model, by setting a bypass distributor near the inner wall of the combustion chamber, allows preheated combustion air to enter the combustion chamber through the combustion air main pipe. Most of the main combustion air enters the mixing section of the combustion chamber after passing through the rectifier fins and mixes with the fuel oil. A small portion of the combustion air directly enters the combustion section located at the rear end of the combustion chamber through the gap between the bypass distributor and the inner wall. Because the small portion of the combustion air is blocked by the bypass distributor located on the inner wall of the combustion chamber and receives fuel relatively late, its temperature is lower and it has a certain velocity difference compared to the main combustion air that mixes with fuel oil at the front end of the combustion chamber. This prevents the fuel from being directly sprayed onto the refractory mud wall of the combustion chamber, thereby protecting the refractory mud wall of the combustion chamber.

[0024] 2) By installing a bypass distributor near the inner wall of the combustion chamber, a small portion of the combustion air is used to protect the refractory mud wall of the combustion chamber. Since the main combustion air flow rate entering the combustion section after mixing with the fuel through the rectifier fins and passing through the inlet plate is faster than the small portion of combustion air reaching the combustion section via the bypass distributor, and the small portion of combustion air via the bypass distributor contacts the heat source later and has a relatively lower temperature, it effectively protects the inner wall of the combustion chamber and the converging flame. The converging flame provides a stable flow field and increases the furnace temperature, further improving the production efficiency and quality of hard carbon black. The reactor using this novel structure increases the furnace temperature, and the carbon content in the exhaust gas decreases, thus improving the yield. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the morphological differences between primary particles, aggregates, and agglomerates of carbon black.

[0026] Figure 2 A flowchart of the reaction steps for generating hard carbon black;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the reactor for producing hard carbon black using the oil furnace method of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the oil furnace reactor for producing hard carbon black with a bypass distributor according to this utility model.

[0029] Reference numerals: 10-mixing section; 20-combustion section; 1-combustion air main pipe; 2-rectifier fin; 3-bypass distributor; 4-fuel line; 5-intake orifice plate; 6-combustion chamber panel; 7-refractory layer. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following embodiments are only illustrative and explanatory of this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. All technologies implemented based on the above content of this utility model are covered within the scope of protection intended by this utility model.

[0031] Unless otherwise stated, the raw materials and reagents used in the following examples are all commercially available products.

[0032] like Figure 3-4 As shown, this utility model provides a reactor for producing hard carbon black by oil furnace method, including a combustion chamber, wherein the front end of the combustion chamber is a fuel oil and air mixing section 10 and the rear end is a combustion section 20.

[0033] A combustion air main pipe 1 is provided on the outer wall of the combustion chamber mixing section 10, and a combustion air distributor is provided on the inner wall of the combustion chamber mixing section; the combustion air distributor includes a rectifier fin 2 and a bypass distributor 3; the rectifier fin 2 is located in the front mixing section cavity of the combustion chamber, and the bypass distributor 3 is located at the rear end of the combustion air distributor near the combustion section, and an air intake plate 5 is provided at the rear end of the bypass distributor 3 near the combustion section 20.

[0034] In one specific embodiment, the bypass distributor has a ring-shaped structure with a difference of 5-10 cm between its outer and inner diameters.

[0035] Specifically, the bypass distributor 3 is fixed to the inner wall of the chamber and located at the rear end of the rectifying fin. The distance between the bypass distributor 3 and the inner lining refractory mortar located on the inner wall is 1-3 cm. The distance is usually determined by the ratio of the required small portion of combustion air to the majority of the main combustion air. The distance can also be controlled by the ratio of the area of ​​the combustion air inlet plate to the area of ​​the annular band where the screws are tightened. The annular area refers to the inlet area of ​​the small portion of combustion air.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, the combustion chamber has a combustion chamber panel 6 at its front end, and the fuel pipe 4 extends through the combustion chamber panel 6 into the mixing section 10 chamber at the front end of the combustion chamber. The preheated combustion air enters the combustion chamber through the combustion air main pipe 1. Most of the main combustion air enters the mixing section 10 chamber after passing through the rectifier fin 2 and mixes with the fuel; a small portion of the combustion air enters the combustion section 20 located at the rear end of the combustion chamber directly through the gap between the bypass distributor 3 and the inner wall.

[0037] Specifically, the air inlet plate is located 8-12 cm from the interface of the inner lining refractory mortar inside the combustion chamber. The air inlet plate and the bypass distributor located at its front end together divide the combustion section into a front end and a rear end. Preferably, the air inlet plate 5 is designed with a pressure-stabilizing refractory mortar lining.

[0038] Preferably, the air intake plate 5 has a through hole with a diameter of 20-25 cm.

[0039] Specifically, the rectifier fin 2 is fixed to the front end of the bypass distributor 3 near the combustion chamber panel 6. The combustion air entering through the rectifier fin 2 is called the main combustion air. The rectifier fin of the combustion chamber is used to optimize the structure of the airflow inside the mixing section. Its main function is to improve the aerodynamic characteristics inside the combustion chamber by adjusting the direction and speed of the airflow, thereby improving combustion efficiency, reducing energy loss, and reducing instability during the combustion process.

[0040] This invention provides pressure loss to the main combustion air by setting the rectifier fin 2, and plays a stabilizing role for the main combustion air that subsequently enters the intake plate 5.

[0041] Preferably, the reactor further includes a fuel gun connected to the fuel line 4, wherein the fuel input from the fuel gun passes through the fuel line 4 through the combustion chamber panel 6 and enters the mixing chamber at the front end of the combustion chamber to mix with the main combustion air.

[0042] Because the throat for injecting raw oil is relatively small and the combustion chamber is angled, in order to stabilize pressure and prevent backfire, this utility model improves the fire resistance of the bypass distributor by setting a refractory layer 7 on the refractory mud wall inside the combustion chamber.

[0043] In operation, combustion air is preheated by an air preheater and enters the combustion chamber at a certain high temperature. The structure is designed so that most of the preheated air, after entering, becomes the main combustion air. This air passes through the rectifier fins, bypasses the interior of the panel, and then enters the combustion chamber axially along with the fuel. Simultaneously, a small portion of the combustion air bypasses the distributor and directly enters the combustion section of the combustion chamber. Compared to the majority of the main combustion air mixed with fuel, the air bypassing the distributor has a lower temperature and a certain velocity difference. This prevents fuel from being directly injected into the refractory wall, thus protecting the refractory wall of the combustion chamber. Because the fuel contains hydrocarbon calorific value, direct injection into the refractory wall of the combustion chamber would create extremely high temperatures, causing the refractory wall to malfunction.

[0044] This utility model also provides a method for producing hard carbon black using an oil furnace, comprising the following steps:

[0045] S1, fuel is injected into fuel pipe 4 through fuel gun via combustion chamber panel 6, and fuel enters the mixing section chamber of combustion chamber;

[0046] S2, after preheating, the combustion air enters the combustion chamber at a certain high temperature from the top of the combustion chamber through the combustion air main pipe 1. The preheated air is divided into two parts. Most of the main combustion air passes through the rectifier fin 2, bypasses the inside of the panel, and then enters the mixing section of the combustion chamber axially along with the fuel. The combustion air ratio is determined by the ratio of the through-hole area of ​​the inlet plate 5 through which most of the main combustion air passes to the annular area of ​​the bypass distributor through which the small portion of the combustion air passes. For example, the volume ratio of most of the main combustion air to the small portion of the combustion air is 75:25, and this ratio can be adjusted according to the size of the reactor.

[0047] S3, at the same time, a small portion of the combustion air enters the combustion section 20 of the combustion chamber directly through the bypass distributor 3; due to the obstruction of the bypass distributor 3 and the relatively delayed reception of fuel, the temperature of the small portion of the combustion air will be significantly lower than the temperature of most of the main combustion air. The small portion of the combustion air is lower in temperature and has a certain velocity difference compared to the main combustion air that reacts with the fuel, thus preventing the fuel from being directly injected into the inner refractory wall, thereby protecting the refractory wall of the combustion chamber.

[0048] The combustion chamber design of a rigid reactor is crucial for maintaining the flame pattern entering the combustion chamber and ensuring a stable flow after complete combustion. By incorporating a bypass distributor structure within the chamber and optimizing its design, a small portion of low-temperature combustion air can be allowed to protect the refractory walls of the combustion chamber due to the obstruction caused by the bypass distributor and the relatively delayed fuel reception. Simultaneously, since the fuel is primarily composed of hydrocarbons, it forms a hydrocarbon concentration envelope upon atomization, which initially fails to provide sufficient oxygen, creating an interface that results in a diffuse flame. This small portion of low-temperature combustion air helps to converge the hydrocarbon concentration envelope in the flame, making the flame more focused. By designing a bypass distributor structure within the combustion chamber space, the furnace temperature is effectively increased, thereby improving the carbon black yield.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A reactor for producing hard carbon black by an oil furnace method, characterized by comprising: It includes a combustion chamber, the front end of which is a fuel-air mixing section (10) and the rear end is a combustion section (20); A combustion air main pipe (1) is provided on the outer wall of the mixing section (10) of the combustion chamber, and a combustion air distributor is provided on the inner wall of the mixing section (10); the combustion air distributor includes a rectifier fin (2) and a bypass distributor (3); the rectifier fin (2) is provided in the mixing section cavity at the front end of the combustion chamber, and the bypass distributor (3) is provided at the rear end of the combustion air distributor near the combustion section (20), and an air intake plate (5) is provided at the rear end of the bypass distributor (3) near the combustion section (20); The preheated combustion air enters the combustion chamber through the combustion air main pipe (1). Most of the main combustion air enters the mixing section (10) after passing through the rectifier fin (2) and mixes with the fuel. A small portion of the combustion air enters the combustion section (20) located at the rear end of the combustion chamber directly through the gap between the bypass distributor (3) and the inner wall.

2. The reactor for producing hard carbon black using the oil furnace method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combustion chamber has a combustion chamber panel (6) at its front end, and a fuel pipe (4) extends through the combustion chamber panel (6) into the mixing section (10) chamber at the front end of the combustion chamber.

3. The reactor for producing hard carbon black using the oil furnace method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bypass distributor (3) is fixed on the side wall of the combustion chamber and located at the rear end of the rectifier fin (2).

4. The reactor for producing hard carbon black by oil furnace method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bypass distributor (3) has a ring structure, and the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the bypass distributor is 5-10 cm.

5. The reactor for producing hard carbon black by oil furnace method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the bypass distributor (3) and the refractory mortar interface on the inner wall is 1-3 cm.

6. The reactor for producing hard carbon black by oil furnace method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet plate (5) is located 8-12 cm away from the refractory mud interface of the inner liner inside the combustion chamber. The air inlet plate and the bypass distributor located at its front end together divide the combustion section into the front end and the rear end.

7. The reactor for producing hard carbon black by oil furnace method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The air intake plate (5) has a through hole with a diameter of 20-25 cm.

8. The reactor for producing hard carbon black by oil furnace method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rectifier fin (2) is fixed to the front end of the bypass distributor (3) on the side near the combustion chamber panel (6).

9. The reactor for producing hard carbon black by oil furnace method according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a fuel gun, through which fuel is fed via fuel pipe (4) through combustion chamber panel (6) into the front mixing section of combustion chamber and mixed with the main combustion air.

10. The reactor for producing hard carbon black by oil furnace method according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a refractory layer (7) installed on the side wall of the combustion chamber.

Images