Direct current distribution cabinet
By designing symmetrical current paths and modular structures in the DC power distribution cabinet, the problems of uneven current distribution, insufficient protection, and heat dissipation defects are solved, achieving current balance, precise protection, and efficient heat dissipation, and supporting flexible expansion and convenient maintenance of battery packs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- EMERSON NETWORK POWER CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-19
Smart Images

Figure CN224384884U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to power distribution technology, and more specifically, to a DC power distribution cabinet. Background Technology
[0002] In battery energy storage systems, multiple battery banks need to be connected to the power cabinet through a distribution cabinet when connected in parallel. The distribution cabinet is the hub responsible for the collection and distribution of electrical energy in the energy storage system. It is mainly used to combine the DC power output from multiple battery banks to a unified bus and is equipped with protective devices such as fuses to prevent damage to the equipment due to overcurrent, short circuit and other faults. However, the existing distribution cabinets have the following problems: (1) Uneven current distribution: The single busbar design is prone to local overheating when carrying large currents, which increases resistance loss; (2) Insufficient protection: The traditional fuse configuration does not take into account the difference between positive and negative currents, which may lead to protection failure; (3) Heat dissipation defects: The busbar lacks effective heat dissipation measures when operating under high load for a long time, which poses a risk of excessive temperature rise; (4) Difficult maintenance: The structural design is complex and it is difficult to quickly repair or expand the battery bank capacity. Utility Model Content
[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this application is to provide a DC power distribution cabinet that features current balance, precise protection, efficient heat dissipation, and convenient maintenance, in response to the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.
[0004] The technical solution adopted by this application to solve its technical problem is as follows: a DC power distribution cabinet is proposed, including a cabinet body and multiple battery connection units arranged vertically within the cabinet body. Each battery connection unit includes a positive conductor, a positive heat sink, a positive fuse, a positive terminal block, a negative conductor, a negative heat sink, a negative fuse, and a negative terminal block. Specifically: the positive conductor has multiple positive terminals connected to the positive terminals of a group of batteries; the positive fuse is connected in series between the positive conductor and the positive terminal block; and the positive heat sink is mounted on the positive conductor. Similarly, the negative conductor has multiple negative terminals connected to the negative terminals of the group of batteries; the negative fuse is connected in series between the negative conductor and the negative terminal block; and the negative heat sink is mounted on the negative conductor.
[0005] According to one embodiment of the DC distribution cabinet described in this application, the cabinet has a first chamber and a second chamber distributed horizontally; the positive conductor includes a positive busbar and a positive conductive bar, and the negative conductor includes a negative busbar and a negative conductive bar; the positive busbar and the negative busbar extend along the front-rear direction of the cabinet and are arranged side-by-side in the first chamber; the positive fuse and the negative fuse are arranged vertically in the second chamber; and the positive terminal block and the negative terminal block are respectively disposed in the second chamber. Behind the positive and negative fuses indoors, one end of the positive conductor is connected to the positive busbar and the other end is connected to the positive fuse; one end of the negative conductor is connected to the negative busbar and the other end is connected to the negative fuse; multiple positive terminals are distributed front to back and connected to the positive busbar; multiple negative terminals are distributed front to back and connected to the negative busbar; and the positive and negative heat sinks are respectively installed between the two ends of the positive and negative conductors.
[0006] According to one embodiment of the DC power distribution cabinet described in this application, the positive electrode busbar has a positive electrode middle section extending to the left and right and a first positive electrode bending section and a second positive electrode bending section formed by bending from both ends of the positive electrode middle section, the first positive electrode bending section is connected to the positive electrode busbar, the second positive electrode bending section is connected to the positive electrode fuse, and the positive electrode heat sink is installed on the positive electrode middle section.
[0007] According to one embodiment of the DC distribution cabinet described in this application, the negative electrode busbar has a negative electrode middle section extending to the left and right and a first negative electrode bent section and a second negative electrode bent section formed by bending from both ends of the negative electrode middle section, the first negative electrode bent section is connected to the negative electrode busbar, the second negative electrode bent section is connected to the negative electrode fuse, and the negative electrode heat sink is installed on the negative electrode middle section.
[0008] In one embodiment of the DC power distribution cabinet described in this application, the bending of the positive and negative conductive busbars is a vertical bending or a front-back bending, and the bending directions of the positive and negative conductive busbars are the same or different.
[0009] In one embodiment of the DC power distribution cabinet described in this application, the positive and negative heat sinks are aluminum alloy heat sink fins.
[0010] According to one embodiment of the DC power distribution cabinet described in this application, the front and rear ends of the first chamber of the cabinet are respectively provided with a first bracket and a second bracket corresponding to each battery connection unit, and the two ends of the positive bus and the negative bus are respectively formed with bent fixing parts and installed and fixed with the first bracket and the second bracket.
[0011] According to one embodiment of the DC power distribution cabinet described in this application, the cabinet body is further provided with a longitudinal partition between the first chamber and the second chamber corresponding to each battery connection unit, and a transverse shelf is provided in the second chamber corresponding to each battery connection unit.
[0012] According to one embodiment of the DC power distribution cabinet described in this application, the cabinet is further provided with a wiring area panel covering the front end of the first chamber and multiple fuse panels corresponding to multiple battery connection units covering the front end of the second chamber.
[0013] According to one embodiment of the DC power distribution cabinet described in this application, the top of the cabinet is provided with multiple top cable inlets corresponding to the first chamber, and a ventilation zone is formed corresponding to the second chamber. The bottom of the cabinet is provided with multiple bottom cable inlets corresponding to the first chamber.
[0014] The DC power distribution cabinet implementing this application has the following beneficial effects: According to the embodiments of this application, the DC power distribution cabinet sets up multiple battery connection units for multiple battery groups. The positive and negative terminals of each battery group are connected to the power cabinet through the positive and negative conductors of the battery connection unit, respectively, forming a symmetrical current path, reducing current concentration, lowering resistance loss, and ensuring balanced current distribution. The DC power distribution cabinet according to the embodiments of this application adopts a graded fuse design for positive and negative terminals, matching the actual current distribution, achieving precise protection, and improving system safety. The DC power distribution cabinet according to the embodiments of this application installs heat sinks on each positive and negative conductor, achieving efficient heat dissipation and avoiding the risk of excessive conductor temperature rise. The DC power distribution cabinet according to the embodiments of this application has multiple battery connection units distributed vertically within the cabinet, supporting flexible expansion of the number of battery groups. The modular structure supports online maintenance, reducing downtime. Attached Figure Description
[0015] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the accompanying drawings:
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a DC power distribution cabinet according to an embodiment of this application;
[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the front-end structure of the DC power distribution cabinet.
[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the rear structure of the DC power distribution cabinet.
[0019] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the left side structure of the DC distribution cabinet.
[0020] Figure 5 yes Figure 1The diagram shows the structure on the right side of the DC distribution cabinet.
[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the front-end structure of a DC power distribution cabinet according to another embodiment of this application;
[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a DC power distribution cabinet and a UPS cabinet according to another embodiment of this application.
[0023] Reference numerals: 100-DC distribution cabinet; 10-cabinet body; 11-first chamber; 12-second chamber; 131-first bracket; 132-second bracket; 14-longitudinal partition; 15-transverse shelf; 161-top cable inlet; 162-bottom cable inlet; 17-ventilation area; 18-grounding conductor; 19-parallel interface; 20-battery connection unit; 21-positive conductor; 211-positive busbar; 2111-positive terminal; 2112-bending fixing part; 212-positive conductive bar; 2121-positive intermediate section; 2122-first... 21-Positive bending section; 22-Positive heat sink; 23-Positive fuse; 24-Negative conductor; 241-Negative busbar; 2411-Negative terminal block; 2412-Bending fixing part; 242-Negative conductor bar; 2421-Negative intermediate section; 2422-First negative bending section; 2423-Second negative bending section; 25-Negative heat sink; 26-Negative fuse; 27-Positive terminal block; 28-Negative terminal block; 31-Wiring area panel; 32-Fuse panel; 33-Outer casing; 200-UPS cabinet. Detailed Implementation
[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other unless otherwise specified.
[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a DC power distribution cabinet 100 according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figures 2 to 5 The diagrams show the front, rear, left, and right sides of the DC distribution cabinet 100. (See also...) Figure 1 Combination Figures 2 to 5As shown, the DC power distribution cabinet 100 mainly consists of a cabinet 10 and multiple battery connection units 20 arranged vertically within the cabinet 10. Each battery connection unit 20 further includes a positive conductor 21, a positive heat sink 22, a positive fuse 23, a positive terminal block 27, a negative conductor 24, a negative heat sink 25, a negative fuse 26, and a negative terminal block 28. The positive conductor 21 is provided with multiple positive terminals 2111 for connecting to the positive terminals of a group of batteries. The positive fuse 23 is connected in series between the positive conductor 21 and the positive terminal block 27. The positive terminal block 27 is used to connect to the positive terminal of the power cabinet. The positive heat sink 22 is installed on the positive conductor 21 for dissipating heat from the positive conductor 21. Similarly, the negative conductor 24 is provided with multiple negative terminals 241 for connecting to the negative terminal of the battery pack. The negative fuse 26 is connected in series between the negative conductor 21 and the negative terminal block 28. The negative terminal block 28 is used to connect to the negative terminal of the power cabinet. The negative heat sink 25 is installed on the negative conductor 24 for dissipating heat from the negative conductor 24.
[0026] See details Figure 1 As shown, the cabinet 10 has a first chamber 11 and a second chamber 12 distributed horizontally. The positive conductor 21 of each battery connection unit 20 further includes a positive busbar 211 and a positive conductive busbar 212, and the negative conductor 24 further includes a negative busbar 241 and a negative conductive busbar 242. The positive busbar 211 and the negative busbar 241 extend along the front-rear direction of the cabinet 10 and are arranged side-by-side in the first chamber 11. The positive fuse 23 and the negative fuse 26 are arranged vertically in the second chamber 12. The positive terminal block 27 and the negative terminal block 28 are respectively located behind the corresponding positive fuse 23 and negative fuse 26 in the second chamber 12 (see [reference]). Figure 3As shown, one end of the positive electrode busbar 212 is connected to the positive electrode busbar 211 in the first chamber 11, and the other end is connected to the positive electrode fuse 23 in the second chamber 12. One end of the negative electrode busbar 242 is connected to the negative electrode busbar 241 in the first chamber 11, and the other end is connected to the negative electrode fuse 26 in the second chamber 12. The rated current values of the positive electrode fuse 23 and the negative electrode fuse 26 are set according to the maximum discharge current of the battery pack, and a fast-break design can be adopted to ensure rapid disconnection in case of overload. In this way, the positive electrode of each battery pack is connected to the positive electrode of the power cabinet through the positive electrode conductor 21, the positive electrode fuse 23 and the positive electrode terminal block 27 of a battery connection unit 20, and the negative electrode of each battery pack is connected to the negative electrode of the power cabinet through the negative electrode conductor 24, the negative electrode fuse 26 and the negative electrode terminal block 28 of a battery connection unit 20, forming a symmetrical current path, which can reduce current concentration, reduce resistance loss and make the current evenly distributed. Furthermore, each positive conductor 21 is connected in series with a positive fuse 23, and each negative conductor 24 is connected in series with a negative fuse 26, thus achieving a graded fuse design for positive and negative electrodes. This design can match the actual current distribution, achieve precise protection, and improve system safety. Each positive conductor 21 and negative conductor 24 is equipped with a positive heat sink 22 and a negative heat sink 25, respectively, enabling efficient heat dissipation and avoiding the risk of excessive conductor temperature rise. In addition, the DC distribution cabinet 100 has multiple battery connection units 20 arranged vertically within the cabinet 10, supporting flexible expansion of the number of battery packs. The modular structure supports online maintenance, reducing downtime.
[0027] See further Figure 1 Combined to Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the first chamber 11 of the cabinet 10 has a first bracket 131 and a second bracket 132 at its front and rear ends, respectively, corresponding to each battery connection unit 20. The two ends of the strip-shaped positive busbar 211 are respectively formed with bent fixing parts 2112, which are installed and fixed to the first bracket 131 and the second bracket 132. Multiple positive terminals 2111 are distributed front to rear and connected to the positive busbar 211 for connection to the positive terminal of a group of batteries. Similarly, the two ends of the strip-shaped negative busbar 241 are respectively formed with bent fixing parts 2412, which are installed and fixed to the first bracket 131 and the second bracket 132. Multiple negative terminals 2411 are distributed front to rear and connected to the negative busbar 241 for connection to the negative terminal of a group of batteries.
[0028] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the strip-shaped positive electrode busbar 212 has a left-right extending positive electrode middle section 2121 and a first positive electrode bent section 2122 and a second positive electrode bent section 2123 formed by bending from both ends of the positive electrode middle section 2121. The first positive electrode bent section 2122 is connected to the positive electrode busbar 211, and the second positive electrode bent section 2123 is connected to two parallel positive electrode fuses 23. This three-section positive electrode busbar 212, designed in this way, can cross the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 through the positive electrode middle section 2121, thus achieving the connection between the positive electrode busbar 211 and the positive electrode fuses 23. The positive electrode heat sink 22 can be aluminum alloy heat sink fins, fixed to one side surface of the positive electrode middle section 2121 by screws. Similarly, the strip-shaped negative electrode busbar 242 has a left-right extending negative electrode middle section 2421 and a first negative electrode bent section 2422 and a second negative electrode bent section 2423 formed by bending from both ends of the negative electrode middle section 2421. The first negative electrode bent section 2422 is connected to the negative electrode busbar 241, and the second negative electrode bent section 2423 is connected to the negative electrode fuse 26. This three-section negative electrode busbar 242, designed in this way, can cross the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 through the negative electrode middle section 2421, thus achieving the connection between the negative electrode busbar 241 and the negative electrode fuse 26. The negative electrode heat sink 25 can be aluminum alloy heat sink fins, fixed to one side surface of the negative electrode middle section 2421 by screws.
[0029] For specific implementation details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the uppermost battery connection unit, the positive electrode busbar 212 can be horizontally arranged and bent up and down. That is, the first positive electrode bent section 2122 is bent downward relative to the positive electrode middle section 2121 and connected to the side of the lower positive electrode busbar 211 away from the negative electrode busbar 241. The second positive electrode bent section 2123 is bent upward relative to the positive electrode middle section 2121 and connected to the upper positive electrode fuse 23 through, for example, a plug-in connector. The positive electrode heat sink 22 is fixed to the upper surface of the positive electrode middle section 2121 by screws. The negative electrode conductive busbar 242 can be vertically arranged and bent forward and backward. Specifically, the first negative electrode bent section 2422 bends forward relative to the negative electrode middle section 2421 and connects to the side of the negative electrode busbar 241 away from the positive electrode busbar 211. The second negative electrode bent section 2423 also bends forward relative to the negative electrode middle section 2421 and connects to the negative electrode fuse 26 via, for example, a plug-in connector. The negative electrode heat sink 25 is fixed to the rear surface of the negative electrode middle section 2421 with screws. This staggered design of the positive electrode conductive busbar 212 and the negative electrode conductive busbar 242 can better optimize the space occupied by the entire battery connection unit 20. Furthermore, according to different embodiments of this application, the bending direction of the positive electrode conductive busbar 212 and the negative electrode conductive busbar 242 can be selected as a vertical bend or a forward and backward bend according to the needs of spatial arrangement, and the bending directions of the positive electrode conductive busbar 212 and the negative electrode conductive busbar 242 can be the same or different. For example… Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the lowest battery connection unit, the positive electrode busbar is horizontally arranged and the first positive electrode bending section and the second positive electrode bending section are both bent downward relative to the middle section of the positive electrode to form an inverted U-shape. The negative electrode busbar is also horizontally arranged and the first negative electrode bending section and the second negative electrode bending section are both bent upward relative to the middle section of the negative electrode to form a U-shape.
[0030] According to the above embodiments of this application, the DC power distribution cabinet 100 separates the positive busbar 211 and negative busbar 241 of each battery connection unit 20 from the positive fuse 223 and negative fuse 26 in the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12, respectively, and connects them across the positive conductor 212 and the negative conductor 242. This separates the conductor portion from the fuse portion, facilitating wiring and maintenance and improving usability and installation. Further, see... Figure 1 As shown, the cabinet 10 has a longitudinal partition 14 between the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 corresponding to each battery connection unit 20, and a transverse shelf 15 corresponding to each battery connection unit 20 in the second chamber 12. The longitudinal partition 14 and the transverse shelf 15 further divide the internal space of the cabinet 10, forming a modular structure. See also Figure 1 As shown, the top of the cabinet 10, corresponding to the first chamber 11, is provided with multiple top cable inlets 161, and the bottom of the cabinet 10, corresponding to the first chamber 11, is provided with multiple bottom cable inlets 162. The wires connecting the multiple positive terminals 2111 and multiple negative terminals 2411 of each battery connection unit 20 to the corresponding positive and negative terminals of the battery can selectively enter and exit through the top cable inlets 161 and bottom cable inlets 162, avoiding disorder. The top of the cabinet 10 forms a ventilation zone 17 corresponding to the second chamber 12 to facilitate heat dissipation. Furthermore, a grounding conductor 18 is provided inside the cabinet 10 on the outer side of the first chamber 11, away from the second chamber 12, connecting the front and rear ends of the cabinet 10. Further, the cabinet 10 can also be expanded with a forced air cooling module (e.g., a cooling fan) or a liquid cooling pipeline structure to adapt to different power density requirements and control the conductor temperature rise to ≤30℃ (under rated current).
[0031] According to a further embodiment of this application, see [link to application]. Figure 6 As shown, the cabinet 10 also includes a wiring area panel 31 covering the front end of the first chamber 11 and multiple fuse panels 32 corresponding to the multiple battery connection units 20, which are respectively covering the front end of the second chamber 12. When expanding or maintaining this DC distribution cabinet, the corresponding panels can be opened as needed.
[0032] According to further embodiments of this application, see Figure 7 As shown, the front end, rear end, and outer side away from the second chamber 12 of the cabinet 10 are also covered with an outer shell 33, while the outer side near the second chamber 12 is provided with a cabinet interface 19 (see...). Figure 4(These can be screw holes for the cabinet), used for assembly with the UPS cabinet 200, and the positive terminal block 27 and negative terminal block 28 of each battery connection unit 20 (see...). Figure 3 (As shown) are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the UPS cabinet 200 from the rear of the second chamber 12 via wires.
[0033] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A direct current switchboard (100), characterized by The system includes a cabinet (10) and multiple battery connection units (20) arranged vertically within the cabinet (10). Each battery connection unit (20) includes a positive conductor (21), a positive heat sink (22), a positive fuse (23), a positive terminal block (27), a negative conductor (24), a negative heat sink (25), a negative fuse (26), and a negative terminal block (28), wherein: The positive conductor (21) is provided with a plurality of positive terminals (2111) connected to the positive terminal of a group of batteries. The positive fuse (23) is connected in series between the positive conductor (21) and the positive terminal block (27). The positive heat sink (22) is installed on the positive conductor (21). The negative conductor (24) is provided with a plurality of negative terminals (2411) connected to the negative terminal of the group of batteries. The negative fuse (26) is connected in series between the negative conductor (24) and the negative terminal block (28). The negative heat sink (25) is installed on the negative conductor (24).
2. The direct current switchboard (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that The cabinet (10) has a first chamber (11) and a second chamber (12) distributed on the left and right sides; The positive conductor (21) includes a positive busbar (211) and a positive conductive busbar (212), and the negative conductor (24) includes a negative busbar (241) and a negative conductive busbar (242); the positive busbar (211) and the negative busbar (241) extend along the front-back direction of the cabinet (10) and are arranged side by side in the first chamber (11); the positive fuse (23) and the negative fuse (26) are arranged vertically in the second chamber. Inside the chamber (12), the positive terminal block (27) and the negative terminal block (28) are respectively located behind the positive fuse (23) and the negative fuse (26) in the second chamber (12). One end of the positive terminal busbar (212) is connected to the positive busbar (211), and the other end is connected to the positive fuse (23). One end of the negative terminal busbar (242) is connected to the negative busbar (241), and the other end is connected to the negative fuse (26). The plurality of positive terminals (2111) are distributed and connected to the positive busbar (211) in a front-to-back manner, and the plurality of negative terminals (2411) are distributed and connected to the negative busbar (241) in a front-to-back manner. The positive heat sink (22) and the negative heat sink (25) are respectively installed between the two ends of the positive conductive busbar (212) and the negative conductive busbar (242).
3. The direct current switchboard (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that The positive electrode busbar (212) has a positive electrode middle section (2121) extending to the left and right, and a first positive electrode bent section (2122) and a second positive electrode bent section (2123) formed by bending from both ends of the positive electrode middle section (2121). The first positive electrode bent section (2122) is connected to the positive electrode busbar (211), and the second positive electrode bent section (2123) is connected to the positive electrode fuse (23). The positive electrode heat sink (22) is installed on the positive electrode middle section (2121).
4. The direct current switchboard (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that The negative electrode busbar (242) has a negative electrode middle section (2421) extending to the left and right, and a first negative electrode bent section (2422) and a second negative electrode bent section (2423) formed by bending from both ends of the negative electrode middle section (2421). The first negative electrode bent section (2422) is connected to the negative electrode busbar (241), and the second negative electrode bent section (2423) is connected to the negative electrode fuse (26). The negative electrode heat sink (25) is installed on the negative electrode middle section (2421).
5. The direct current switchboard (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that The bending of the positive electrode conductive bus (212) and the negative electrode conductive bus (242) is a bending in the up-down direction or a bending in the front-back direction, and the bending directions of the positive electrode conductive bus (212) and the negative electrode conductive bus (242) are the same or different.
6. The direct current switchboard (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that The positive electrode heat sink (22) and the negative electrode heat sink (25) are aluminum alloy heat sink fins.
7. The direct current switchboard (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that The front and rear ends of the first chamber (11) of the cabinet (10) are respectively provided with a first bracket (131) and a second bracket (132) corresponding to each battery connection unit (20). The positive busbar (211) and the negative busbar (241) are respectively formed with bent fixing parts (2112, 2412) and installed and fixed with the first bracket (131) and the second bracket (132).
8. The direct current switchboard (100) according to claim 7, characterized in that The cabinet (10) has a longitudinal partition (14) between the first chamber (11) and the second chamber (12) corresponding to each battery connection unit (20), and a transverse shelf (15) in the second chamber (12) corresponding to each battery connection unit (20).
9. The direct current switchboard (100) according to claim 8, characterized in that The cabinet (10) is also provided with a wiring area panel (31) covering the front end of the first chamber (11) and multiple fuse panels (32) corresponding to multiple battery connection units (20) covering the front end of the second chamber (12).
10. The direct current switchboard (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that The top of the cabinet (10) is provided with multiple top cable inlets (161) corresponding to the first chamber (11), and a ventilation zone (17) is formed corresponding to the second chamber (12). The bottom of the cabinet (10) is provided with multiple bottom cable inlets (162) corresponding to the first chamber (11).