Electrochemical reactor having a half-water-splitting unit

Abstract

The application relates to a semi-water-splitting unit and an electrochemical reactor with the same, wherein the semi-water-splitting unit is used for the conversion of carbon dioxide and comprises a first power supply, a cathode film, an anode electrode and an insulating diaphragm arranged in sequence and adjacent to each other, a preset distance is arranged between the insulating diaphragm and the anode electrode to form a first cavity, water is injected into the first cavity; the anode electrode is connected to the anode of the first power supply, and when water is injected into the first cavity, the anode electrode can electrolyze the water to generate hydroxyl ions and precipitate from the cathode film, so that when a reaction substance is put into the side of the cathode film away from the anode electrode, the hydroxyl ions react with the reaction substance to generate hydroxide, and the hydroxide reacts with the treated carbon dioxide to generate carbonate, thereby completing the conversion of the treated carbon dioxide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of water electrolysis technology, and in particular to a semi-hydrolysis unit and an electrochemical reactor having therein. Background Technology

[0002] Climate change is a serious challenge facing the world today, and large-scale control of greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions is urgently needed. CO2 capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology is currently the technology that can significantly reduce CO2 emissions from fossil fuels. Among the many CO2 capture technologies, chemical absorption is currently the most effective method for controlling CO2 emissions from coal-fired power plants.

[0003] The existing chemical absorption method for absorbing carbon dioxide easily generates some difficult-to-treat byproducts. These byproducts may contain harmful substances that cannot be directly discharged and require further treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, this application proposes a semi-hydrolysis unit for converting carbon dioxide, comprising: a first power source, a cathode membrane, an anode electrode, and an insulating diaphragm arranged in sequence.

[0005] A preset distance is provided between the insulating diaphragm and the anode electrode to form a first chamber, which is suitable for water to be injected.

[0006] The anode electrode is connected to the anode of the first power source. When water is injected into the first chamber, the anode electrode can electrolyze the water to produce hydroxide ions, which are then deposited from the cathode membrane. When the reactant is introduced on the side of the cathode membrane away from the anode electrode, the hydroxide ions react with the reactant to generate hydroxide. The hydroxide then reacts with the carbon dioxide to be treated to generate carbonate, thus completing the conversion of the carbon dioxide to be treated.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the semi-splitting water unit also includes a cathode electrode;

[0008] The cathode electrode and the anode electrode are located on opposite sides of the insulating diaphragm, and a preset distance is provided between the cathode electrode and the insulating diaphragm to form a second chamber, which is suitable for water to be injected.

[0009] The cathode electrode is connected to the cathode of the first power source, and is suitable for electrolyzing water into hydrogen ions when water is injected into the second chamber.

[0010] In one possible implementation, an anode membrane is provided on the side of the cathode electrode facing away from the insulating diaphragm; suitable for situations where water is injected into the second chamber, the cathode electrode can electrolyze the water to produce hydrogen ions, which are then deposited from the anode membrane.

[0011] In one possible implementation, a catalytic layer is attached to the surface of the anode electrode, and the cathode film is located outside the catalytic layer.

[0012] In one possible implementation, a catalytic layer is attached to the surface of the cathode electrode, and the anode film is located outside the catalytic layer.

[0013] This application proposes an electrochemical reactor, comprising: a semi-hydrolysis unit and a cation exchange membrane;

[0014] The cation exchange membrane is located on the side of the cathode membrane of the semi-hydrolysis unit that is away from the anode electrode; and a preset distance is provided between the semi-hydrolysis unit and the cation exchange membrane to form a third chamber;

[0015] The side of the cation exchange membrane facing away from the semi-hydrolysis unit is suitable for introducing the substance to be reacted.

[0016] In one possible implementation, it further includes: an anion exchange membrane disposed on the side of the cation exchange membrane away from the half-water splitting unit, and a preset distance is provided between the anion exchange membrane and the cation exchange membrane to form a fourth chamber, which is suitable for the introduction of the substance to be reacted.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the reactant is sodium sulfate.

[0018] In one possible implementation, it also includes: a first solid electrolyte layer;

[0019] The first solid electrolyte layer is disposed on the side of the semi-hydrolysis unit away from the cation exchange membrane, and the first solid electrolyte layer is connected to the cathode of the second power source.

[0020] In one possible implementation, a second solid electrolyte layer is also included;

[0021] The second solid electrolyte layer is disposed on the side of the anion exchange membrane away from the cation exchange membrane, and the second solid electrolyte layer is connected to the anode of the second power source.

[0022] Other features and aspects of this application will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which are included in and form part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of this application together with the specification and serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0024] Figure 1 This diagram shows the main structure of the semi-hydrolysis unit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 This diagram shows the main structure of the electrochemical reactor according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 3 A reaction flow diagram illustrating one embodiment of the electrochemical reactor of this application is shown;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the structural location of the electrochemical reactor according to an embodiment of this application is provided.

[0028] Anode electrode 200, insulating diaphragm 100, cathode electrode 300, anode membrane 500, cathode membrane 400, cation exchange membrane 900, anion exchange membrane 800, first solid electrolyte layer 700, second solid electrolyte layer 600, semi-hydrolysis unit 1000, second semi-hydrolysis unit 2000. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Various exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote elements that have the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, they are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated otherwise.

[0030] It should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application or to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0031] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0032] The term “exemplary” as used herein means “serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration.” Any embodiment illustrated herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments.

[0033] Furthermore, to better illustrate this application, numerous specific details are provided in the following detailed embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that this application can be implemented without certain specific details. In some instances, methods, means, components, and circuits well-known to those skilled in the art have not been described in detail in order to highlight the main points of this application.

[0034] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the main structure of a semi-hydrolysis unit 1000 according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, a semi-hydrolysis unit 1000 for converting carbon dioxide includes: a first power source, a cathode membrane 400, an anode electrode 200, and an insulating diaphragm 100 arranged sequentially adjacent to each other; a preset distance is provided between the insulating diaphragm 100 and the anode electrode 200 to form a first chamber, which is suitable for injecting water; the anode electrode 200 is connected to the anode of the first power source, and is suitable for electrolyzing water to produce hydroxide ions when water is injected into the first chamber, which are then precipitated from the cathode membrane 400. When a reactant is introduced on the side of the cathode membrane 400 away from the anode electrode 200, the hydroxide ions react with the reactant to generate hydroxide, and the hydroxide reacts with the carbon dioxide to be treated to generate carbonate, thus completing the conversion of the carbon dioxide to be treated.

[0035] It should be noted here that the semi-hydrolysis unit 1000 of this application refers to: obtaining hydroxide ions generated by water electrolysis during the water electrolysis process and preventing the hydroxide ions from undergoing oxidation reaction, so as to realize the separate reaction and utilization of hydroxide ions to obtain the desired substance.

[0036] It should be further explained that when water is injected into the first chamber between the anode electrode 200 and the insulating diaphragm 100 and the first power source generates electricity to the anode electrode 200, the water electrolysis reaction begins. The anode electrode 200 electrolyzes water to produce hydroxide ions, which can pass through the cathode membrane 400. Due to the isolation provided by the insulating diaphragm 100 and the cathode membrane 400, the hydroxide ions are separated. Therefore, hydroxide ions will accumulate on the side of the cathode membrane 400 away from the anode electrode 200. After these hydroxide ions are released, they can undergo other chemical reactions for utilization and can assist in the absorption of carbon dioxide. Furthermore, a reactant is introduced into the cathode membrane 400 on the side opposite to the anode electrode 200. Hydroxide ions react with the reactant in a double decomposition reaction to generate hydroxides. The resulting hydroxides can be used to absorb carbon dioxide. Further, carbon dioxide gas is introduced into the hydroxides generated from the hydroxides. The carbon dioxide gas reacts with the hydroxides to generate carbonates, which can be directly applied to other industries or technologies. This application does not produce any toxic or harmful side reaction substances during the capture of carbon dioxide gas, achieving carbon dioxide emission reduction and generating positive benefits, thus promoting enterprises' enthusiasm for emission reduction; effectively responding to the national "dual carbon" target.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the main body of the insulating diaphragm 100 is a rectangular sheet structure; the insulating diaphragm 100 can be made of PP or PTFE; the thickness of the insulating diaphragm 100 is 0.5 mm.

[0038] Furthermore, the preset distance between the anode electrode 200 and the insulating diaphragm 100 is in the range of 0.6-1mm, and preferably, the preset distance between the anode electrode 200 and the insulating diaphragm 100 is 0.6mm.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the main body of the anode electrode 200 has a cuboid structure; the cathode film 400 and the anode electrode 200 are arranged parallel to each other and opposite to each other, and a preset distance is provided between the cathode film 400 and the anode electrode 200. Preferably, the preset distance between the cathode film 400 and the anode electrode 200 is 1.8 mm.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the cathode film 400 is made of polyarylesterol piperidine resin, and the thickness of the cathode film 400 ranges from 25 to 75 micrometers.

[0041] In one possible implementation, the semi-hydrolysis unit 1000 further includes a cathode electrode 300; the cathode electrode 300 and the anode electrode 200 are located on opposite sides of the insulating diaphragm 100, and a predetermined distance is provided between the cathode electrode 300 and the insulating diaphragm 100 to form a second chamber, which is suitable for injecting water; the cathode electrode 300 is connected to the cathode of the first power source, and when water is injected into the second chamber, the cathode electrode 300 can electrolyze the water to produce hydrogen ions. An anode membrane 500 is provided on the side of the cathode electrode 300 facing away from the insulating diaphragm 100; when water is injected into the second chamber, the cathode electrode 300 can electrolyze the water to produce hydrogen ions, which are then deposited from the anode membrane 500. To further explain, water is injected into the second chamber between the cathode electrode 300 and the insulating diaphragm 100, and the first power source generates electricity to the cathode electrode 300. The water electrolysis reaction begins, and the cathode electrode 300 electrolyzes water to produce hydrogen ions. These hydrogen ions can pass through the anode membrane 500. Due to the isolation provided by the insulating diaphragm 100 and the anode membrane 500, the hydrogen ions are separated. Therefore, hydrogen ions will accumulate on the side of the anode membrane 500 away from the cathode electrode 300. After these hydrogen ions are released outward, they can undergo other chemical reactions for utilization.

[0042] Furthermore, the preset distance between the cathode electrode 300 and the insulating diaphragm 100 is in the range of 0.6-1mm. Preferably, the preset distance between the cathode electrode 300 and the insulating diaphragm 100 is 0.6mm.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the cathode electrode 300 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the anode film 500 and the cathode electrode 300 are arranged parallel to each other and opposite to each other, with a preset distance between them. Preferably, the preset distance between the anode film 500 and the cathode electrode 300 is 1.8 mm.

[0044] Furthermore, the anode film 500 is made of sulfonic acid polymer; the thickness of the anode film 500 ranges from 25 to 75 micrometers.

[0045] In one possible implementation, a catalyst layer is attached to the surface of the anode electrode 200; a catalyst layer is also attached to the surface of the cathode electrode 300. The catalyst layer on the anode electrode 200 and cathode electrode 300 serves to promote the dissociation of water molecules under the influence of an electric field. The catalyst layer is made of a non-precious metal, preferably a non-precious metal such as nickel, cobalt, or iron. The thickness of the catalyst layer ranges from 0.5 to 1 micrometer. The catalyst layer is attached to the anode electrode 200 and cathode electrode 300 by electrodeposition.

[0046] Furthermore, the voltage range of the first power supply is 0.35-0.65V. This ensures that water is partially decomposed into hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions, without electrolyzing out oxygen and hydrogen gas.

[0047] An electrochemical reactor, characterized in that it comprises: a partial water splitting unit 1000 and a cation exchange membrane 900; the cation exchange membrane 900 is located on the side of the cathode membrane 400 of the partial water splitting unit 1000 away from the anode electrode 200, and a predetermined distance is provided between the partial water splitting unit 1000 and the cation exchange membrane 900 to form a third chamber; the side of the cation exchange membrane 900 away from the partial water splitting unit 1000 is suitable for introducing a substance to be reacted. It should be noted that the cation exchange membrane 900 can decompose cations from the substance to be reacted and collect them in the third chamber. Since the anode electrode 200 of the partial water splitting unit 1000 is close to the cation exchange membrane 900, when water is injected into the first chamber of the partial water splitting unit 1000, the partial water splitting unit 1000 will collect hydroxide ions from the electrolysis of water into the third chamber. At this time, the third chamber contains hydroxide ions and cations decomposed from the substance to be reacted. The hydroxide ions can then react chemically with the cations to form hydroxides. The obtained hydroxides can be used to absorb carbon dioxide gas.

[0048] The distance between the cation exchange membrane 900 and the semi-hydrolysis unit 1000 ranges from 1 mm to 3 mm; the optimal value is 1.8 mm.

[0049] Furthermore, the cation exchange membrane 900 is made of sulfonic acid polymer, and its thickness ranges from 25 to 75 micrometers.

[0050] In one possible implementation, the system further includes an anion exchange membrane 800, which is disposed on the side of the cation exchange membrane 900 opposite to the half-water splitting unit 1000. A predetermined distance is provided between the anion exchange membrane 800 and the cation exchange membrane 900 to form a fourth chamber, which is suitable for introducing a substance to be reacted. It should be noted that anions in the substance to be reacted can be precipitated from the anion exchange membrane 800.

[0051] The preset distance between the anion exchange membrane 800 and the cation exchange membrane 900 ranges from 1 mm to 3 mm, with the optimal value being 1.8 mm.

[0052] Furthermore, the anion exchange membrane 800 is made of polyarylene piperidine resin; the thickness of the anion exchange membrane 800 is 25-75 micrometers.

[0053] In one possible implementation, a second half-water splitting unit (defined as the second half-water splitting unit 2000, whose structure is exactly the same as the half-water splitting unit 1000) is provided on the side of the anion exchange membrane 800 opposite to the cation exchange membrane 900, and a predetermined distance is provided between the second half-water splitting unit 2000 and the anion exchange membrane 800 to form a fifth chamber; the substance to be reacted is placed in the fourth chamber between the anion exchange membrane 800 and the cation exchange membrane 900, and the anion exchange membrane 800 can decompose the anions in the substance to be reacted and collect them in the fifth chamber. Since the cathode electrode 300 of the second half-water splitting unit 2000 is close to the anion exchange membrane 800, when water is injected into the second chamber of the second half-water splitting unit 2000, the second half-water splitting unit 2000 will collect the hydrogen ions from the water electrolysis into the fifth chamber. At this time, the fifth chamber contains hydrogen ions and anions decomposed from the substance to be reacted. The hydrogen ions can then react chemically with the anions to form a new substance.

[0054] Furthermore, the preset distance between the second half-water splitting unit 2000 and the anion exchange membrane 800 is in the range of 1mm-3mm; preferably, the preset distance between the second half-water splitting unit 2000 and the anion exchange membrane 800 is the same as the preset distance between the anion exchange membrane 800 and the cation exchange membrane 900, and the optimal value is also 1.8mm.

[0055] In one possible implementation, the system further includes: a first solid electrolyte layer 700 and a second solid electrolyte layer 600; the first solid electrolyte layer 700 is disposed on the side of the semi-hydrolysis unit 1000 away from the cation exchange membrane 900, and a predetermined distance is provided between the first solid electrolyte layer 700 and the semi-hydrolysis unit 1000; the first solid electrolyte layer 700 is connected to the cathode of the second power source. The second solid electrolyte layer 600 is disposed on the side of the anion exchange membrane 800 away from the cation exchange membrane 900, and the second solid electrolyte layer 600 is connected to the anode of the second power source; furthermore, the second semi-hydrolysis unit 2000 is disposed between the second solid electrolyte layer 600 and the anion exchange membrane 800.

[0056] In one possible implementation, the voltage range of the second power supply to which the first solid electrolyte layer 700 and the second solid electrolyte layer 600 are connected is 1.8V-2.5V.

[0057] Preferably, the second solid electrolyte layer 600 is made of titanium plated with iridium and tantalum; the first solid electrolyte layer 700 is made of graphite.

[0058] In one possible implementation, the thickness of the second solid electrolyte layer 600 is the same as the thickness of the first electrolyte layer 700; preferably, the thickness of both the second solid electrolyte layer 600 and the first electrolyte layer 700 is 2 mm.

[0059] The distance between the first solid electrolyte layer 700 and the semi-hydrolysis unit 1000 ranges from 1mm to 3mm; the optimal value is 1.8mm.

[0060] The distance between the second solid electrolyte layer 600 and the second semi-hydrolysis unit 2000 ranges from 1mm to 3mm; the optimal value is 1.8mm.

[0061] In summary, as Figure 2 As shown, in the most preferred embodiment, the distance between any two adjacent units in the sequentially arranged second solid electrolyte layer 600, second half-water splitting unit 2000, anion exchange membrane 800, cation exchange membrane 900, half-water splitting unit 1000, and first solid electrolyte layer 700 is the same.

[0062] It should also be noted that the second solid electrolyte layer 600, the second half-water splitting unit 2000, the anion exchange membrane 800, the cation exchange membrane 900, the half-water splitting unit 1000, and the first solid electrolyte layer 700 can be arranged sequentially in the electrolytic cell; and it must be ensured that the chambers between any two adjacent structures are independent spaces to avoid the phenomenon of communication between the first chamber, the second chamber, the third chamber, the fourth chamber, and the fifth chamber.

[0063] Furthermore, the reactants are selected as soluble ionic compounds.

[0064] Example 1: The reactant was selected as Na2SO4 (sodium sulfate);

[0065] Na₂SO₄ is placed in the fourth chamber between the anion exchange membrane 800 and the cation exchange membrane 900. The anion exchange membrane 800 can separate SO₄ from the Na₂SO₄. 2- (Negatively charged sulfate ions) are collected in the fifth chamber. Since the cathode electrode 300 of the second half-water electrolysis unit 2000 is close to the anion exchange membrane 800, when water is injected into the second chamber of the second half-water electrolysis unit 2000, the second half-water electrolysis unit 2000 will electrolyze the H+ ions from the water. + Positively charged hydrogen ions gather in the fifth chamber, which at this time contains H+ ions produced by the electrolysis of water. + And SO4 produced by the decomposition of the reactants 2- H at this time + Can be with SO4 2- The reaction proceeds to form a new ionic compound, H2SO4 (sulfuric acid).

[0066] A Na₂SO₄ solution is placed in the fourth chamber between the anion exchange membrane 800 and the cation exchange membrane 900. The cation exchange membrane 900 can decompose the Na₂SO₄ to release Na.+ The water is collected in the third chamber. Since the anode electrode 200 of the first semi-hydrolysis unit 1000 faces the cation exchange membrane 900, when water is injected into the first chamber of the semi-hydrolysis unit 1000, the semi-hydrolysis unit 1000 will electrolyze the OH groups produced by the water into the third chamber. - The OH groups are collected in the third chamber, which at this time contains OH groups formed by the partial decomposition of water. - And the Na produced by the decomposition of the reactants + At this time, OH - (Negatively charged hydroxide ions) can react with Na + The positively charged sodium ions react to form a new substance, NaOH (sodium hydroxide). It should be noted that the purity of the NaOH obtained in this process is higher than 98%.

[0067] The reaction equation for Example 1 is as follows: Na2SO4 + 2H2O → H2SO4 + 2NaOH.

[0068] In summary, the electrochemical reactor can react H2O and Na2SO4 to produce H2SO4 and NaOH. Both the newly formed H2SO4 and NaOH are common chemical substances. The NaOH produced by the reaction in Example 1 of this application can be used for the capture, storage, and high-value conversion of carbon dioxide. Specific applications are as follows: Figure 3 As shown in reaction equation 2, the NaOH (sodium hydroxide) obtained in the third chamber undergoes an acid-base neutralization reaction with CO2 (carbon dioxide) to produce NaHCO3 (sodium bicarbonate). It should be noted that NaHCO3 is produced in excess of carbon dioxide, and the purity of the NaHCO3 obtained at this point is higher than 99.5%.

[0069] The reaction equation 2 is as follows: 2NaOH + 2CO2 = 2NaHCO3.

[0070] At the same time, such as Figure 3 As shown in reaction equation 3, the H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) obtained in the fifth chamber undergoes an acid-base neutralization reaction with Ca(OH)2 (calcium hydroxide) to produce CaSO4 (calcium sulfate) and H2O (water).

[0071] The reaction equation 3 is as follows: H2SO4 + Ca(OH)2 = CaSO4 + 2H2O.

[0072] like Figure 3As shown, sodium hydroxide obtained through the electrochemical reactor of this application can convert carbon dioxide into NaHCO3 (sodium bicarbonate), which has high economic value and a large market capacity. This successfully and effectively utilizes carbon dioxide and converts it into a profitable chemical product, responding to the national dual-carbon goals and promoting carbon capture, utilization, and storage. The obtained NaHCO3 (sodium bicarbonate), commonly known as baking soda, is an inorganic compound that can be used in the pharmaceutical industry, food processing, fire-fighting equipment, and other fields, thereby achieving zero carbon dioxide emissions. Simultaneously, it can also be applied to the value-added conversion and utilization of sodium sulfate solid waste. The resulting water can be directly discharged into the environment, and the obtained CaSO4 (calcium sulfate), as an inorganic compound, can be used in the construction, papermaking, and chemical industries.

[0073] Example 2: The reactant was selected as K2SO4 (potassium sulfate).

[0074] K₂SO₄ is placed in the fourth chamber between the anion exchange membrane 800 and the cation exchange membrane 900. The anion exchange membrane 800 can separate SO₄ from the K₂SO₄. 2- (Negatively charged sulfate ions) are collected in the fifth chamber. Since the cathode electrode 300 of the second half-water electrolysis unit 2000 faces the anion exchange membrane 800, when water is injected into the second chamber of the second half-water electrolysis unit 2000, the second half-water electrolysis unit 2000 will electrolyze the H+ ions from the water. + Positively charged hydrogen ions gather in the fifth chamber, which now contains H+ ions from water electrolysis. + And SO4 produced by the decomposition of the reactants 2- H at this time + Can be with SO4 2- It undergoes a metathesis reaction to form a new ionic compound, H2SO4 (sulfuric acid).

[0075] K₂SO₄ is placed in the fourth chamber between the anion exchange membrane 800 and the cation exchange membrane 900. The cation exchange membrane 900 can decompose the K₂SO₄ solution to release K. + The water is then collected in the third chamber, where the semi-hydrolysis unit 1000 will electrolyze the OH- ions from the water. - The OH groups are collected in the third chamber, which at this time contains OH- produced by the electrolysis of water. - and the K produced by the decomposition of the reactants + At this time, OH - (Negatively charged hydroxide ions) can react with K + (Positively charged potassium ions) react to form a new substance KOH (potassium hydroxide).

[0076] In summary, both the newly formed substances H2SO4 and KOH are common chemical substances. The KOH generated by the metathesis reaction in Example 2 of this application can achieve the capture, storage, and high-value conversion of carbon dioxide. Specific applications are as follows: As shown in reaction equation 4, the obtained KOH (potassium hydroxide) is reacted with CO2 (carbon dioxide) in an acid-base neutralization reaction to generate K2CO3 (potassium carbonate).

[0077] The reaction equation 4 is as follows: 2KOH + CO2 = K2CO3 + H2O.

[0078] According to reaction equation 3, the H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) obtained in the fifth chamber undergoes an acid-base neutralization reaction with Ca(OH)2 (calcium hydroxide) to produce CaSO4 (calcium sulfate) and H2O (water).

[0079] The potassium hydroxide obtained by applying the electrochemical reactor of this application can convert carbon dioxide into K2CO3 (potassium carbonate). K2CO3, as an inorganic compound, can be used in the production of soap, glassware, and desiccants. The H2O (water) obtained from the conversion of carbon dioxide can be directly discharged into the environment.

[0080] Example 3: The reactant was selected as KCl (potassium chloride).

[0081] KCl is placed in the fourth chamber between the anion exchange membrane 800 and the cation exchange membrane 900. The anion exchange membrane 800 can separate the Cl from the KCl. - (Negatively charged chloride ions) are collected in the fifth chamber, where the second semi-hydrolysis unit 2000 will electrolyze the water to produce H+. + Positively charged hydrogen ions gather in the fifth chamber, which now contains H+ ions from water electrolysis. + And Cl produced by the decomposition of the reactants - H at this time + Can be with Cl -- The reaction proceeds to form a new ionic compound, HCl (hydrogen chloride).

[0082] KCl is placed in the fourth chamber between the anion exchange membrane 800 and the cation exchange membrane 900. The cation exchange membrane 900 can decompose the K in the KCl to release the K+. + (Positively charged potassium ions) are collected in the third chamber, where the semi-hydrolyzed water unit 1000 will electrolyze the OH- ions from the water. - The water is collected in the third chamber, where it partially decomposes into OH groups. - and the K produced by the decomposition of the reactants + At this time, OH - (Negatively charged hydroxide ions) can react with K +(Positively charged potassium ions) react to form a new hydroxide, KOH (potassium hydroxide).

[0083] In summary, the newly formed substances HCl and KOH are both common chemical substances. The KOH generated by the reaction in Example 3 of this application can be used to capture, store, and convert carbon dioxide to higher values. Refer to reaction equation 4 above: 2KOH + CO2 = K2CO3 + H2O.

[0084] The HCl (hydrogen chloride) obtained at the same time is an important industrial chemical substance that can be used to manufacture corrosion inhibitors, dyes, fragrances, pharmaceuticals, and various chlorides.

[0085] Example 4: The reactant was selected as NaCl (sodium chloride).

[0086] NaCl is placed in the fourth chamber between the anion exchange membrane 800 and the cation exchange membrane 900. The anion exchange membrane 800 can separate the Cl from the NaCl. - (Negatively charged chloride ions) are collected in the fifth chamber, where the second semi-hydrolysis unit 2000 will electrolyze the water to produce H+. + Positively charged hydrogen ions gather in the fifth chamber, which now contains H+ ions from water electrolysis. + And Cl produced by the decomposition of the reactants - H at this time + Can be with Cl - The reaction proceeds to form a new ionic compound, HCl (hydrogen chloride).

[0087] NaCl is placed in the fourth chamber between the anion exchange membrane 800 and the cation exchange membrane 900. The cation exchange membrane 900 can decompose the NaCl to release Na+. + The water is then collected in the third chamber, where the semi-hydrolysis unit 1000 will electrolyze the OH- ions from the water. - The water is collected in the third chamber, where it partially decomposes into OH groups. - And the Na produced by the decomposition of the reactants + At this time, OH - (Negatively charged hydroxide ions) can react with Na + (Positively charged sodium ions) react to form a new substance, NaOH (sodium hydroxide).

[0088] In summary, the newly formed substances HCl and NaOH are both common chemical substances. The NaOH generated by the reaction in Example 4 of this application can be used to capture, store, and convert carbon dioxide to higher values. Refer to reaction equation 2 above: 2NaOH + 2CO2 = 2NaHCO3.

[0089] This application has the following beneficial effects:

[0090] 1. A revolutionary combination of electrocatalytic electrolysis technology has enabled the low-power conversion of sodium sulfate and carbon dioxide into sodium bicarbonate, making it competitive with traditional sodium bicarbonate products (potentially replacing sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate produced from traditional natural alkali mines).

[0091] 2. It can solve the urgent market problem of achieving positive returns from carbon dioxide emission reduction, thus promoting enterprises' enthusiasm for emission reduction; and effectively responds to the national "dual carbon" target.

[0092] 3. By independently utilizing the phenomenon and practice of partial water splitting in electrocatalytic water electrolysis, hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions are successfully combined in an orderly and low-power manner to form an ion combination, thereby achieving product cost competitiveness.

[0093] 4. It can be applied to the value-added conversion and utilization of sodium sulfate solid waste; it can realize the conversion of salt anions and cations (for example, potassium chloride can be converted into potassium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid through a semi-hydrolysis unit).

[0094] 5. The reaction conditions are mild, with the initial reaction temperature ranging from 20 to 30°C, which can meet the needs of wind and solar power. All raw materials and auxiliary materials are sourced domestically and prepared independently, eliminating supply chain dependence. The overall process does not require high temperature, high pressure, or high-grade heat sources, saving energy consumption in the evaporation process and improving the safety and reliability of the production process. The overall process flow meets the requirements of the overall coal gasification cycle, and the technical route aligns with the national dual-carbon goals and the development concept of a circular economy.

[0095] 6. Adding a solid electrolyte layer (SSE) between the anion exchange membrane 800 and the cation exchange membrane 900 can create a battery voltage of 0.8V. (SSE is a solid ionic conductor and electronic insulating material, a characteristic component of solid-state batteries.) Rinsing and circulating it with deionized water improves the ionic conductivity and stability of the SSE, thereby increasing the energy efficiency of the electrolyzer and reducing overall power consumption.

[0096] 7. The sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate obtained from carbon capture can be further dissociated from CO2 through a partial water splitting unit.

[0097] 8. Low cost; lower than the cost of traditional sodium bicarbonate production on the market; while some traditional methods of carbon dioxide treatment are more expensive (for example, the cost of producing green methanol from carbon dioxide and hydrogen is more than twice the cost of traditional methanol production, and the cost of producing protein from carbon dioxide by electrocatalysis is tens of thousands of times the cost of protein production by ordinary methods). Compared with these traditional methods of carbon dioxide treatment, this application has a simpler process and lower cost.

[0098] The various embodiments of this application have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or improvement of the technology in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A partial water-splitting unit, characterized in that, For the conversion of carbon dioxide, it includes: a first power source, a cathode membrane arranged in sequence, an anode electrode and an insulating diaphragm; A predetermined distance is provided between the insulating diaphragm and the anode electrode to form a first chamber, which is suitable for water to be injected. The anode electrode is connected to the anode of the first power source. When water is injected into the first chamber, the anode electrode can electrolyze the water to produce hydroxide ions, which are then deposited from the cathode membrane. When a substance to be reacted is introduced into the cathode membrane on the side opposite to the anode electrode, the hydroxide ions react with the substance to be reacted to generate hydroxide. The hydroxide then reacts with the carbon dioxide to be treated to generate carbonate, thus completing the conversion of the carbon dioxide to be treated.

2. The partial water splitting unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The partial water splitting unit also includes a cathode electrode; The cathode electrode and the anode electrode are respectively located on both sides of the insulating diaphragm, and a preset distance is provided between the cathode electrode and the insulating diaphragm to form a second chamber, which is suitable for water to be injected. The cathode electrode is connected to the cathode of the first power source, and is suitable for electrolyzing the water into hydrogen ions when water is injected into the second chamber.

3. The partial water splitting unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cathode electrode has an anode membrane on the side opposite to the insulating diaphragm; when water is injected into the second chamber, the cathode electrode can electrolyze the water to produce hydrogen ions, which are then deposited from the anode membrane.

4. The partial water-splitting unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The surface of the anode electrode is coated with a catalytic layer.

5. The partial water splitting unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cathode electrode has a catalytic layer attached to its surface.

6. An electrochemical reactor, characterized in that, include: The semi-hydrolysis unit and cation exchange membrane according to any one of claims 1-5; The cation exchange membrane is located on the side of the cathode membrane of the semi-hydrolysis unit that is away from the anode electrode; and a predetermined distance is provided between the semi-hydrolysis unit and the cation exchange membrane to form a third chamber; The side of the cation exchange membrane opposite to the semi-hydrolysis unit is suitable for being fed with the substance to be reacted.

7. The electrochemical reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: An anion exchange membrane is disposed on the side of the cation exchange membrane away from the semi-hydrolysis unit, and a preset distance is provided between the anion exchange membrane and the cation exchange membrane to form a fourth chamber, which is suitable for the introduction of the substance to be reacted.

8. The electrochemical reactor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The substance to be reacted is sodium sulfate.

9. The electrochemical reactor according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: First solid electrolyte layer; The first solid electrolyte layer is disposed on the side of the semi-hydrolysis unit away from the cation exchange membrane, and the first solid electrolyte layer is connected to the cathode of the second power source.

10. The electrochemical reactor according to claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: Second solid electrolyte layer; The second solid electrolyte layer is disposed on the side of the anion exchange membrane opposite to the cation exchange membrane, and the second solid electrolyte layer is connected to the anode of the second power source.

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