A top drive mechanism for a long auger drill
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SIHUI CONSTR GRP
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-23
AI Technical Summary
The top drive mechanism of existing long auger drilling rigs has insufficient and unbalanced torque transmitted to the drill rod when the drill bit encounters a hard base, resulting in drilling difficulties.
Multiple drive components are evenly distributed along the circumference of the connecting hollow shaft. The torque of the drill pipe is increased and balanced by the synergistic action of the drive gear ring and the reverse balancing component. The torque fluctuation is counteracted by the limit bearing and the reverse balancing component.
It improves the torque transmission capacity and torque balance of the drill pipe when encountering hard foundations, reduces the torsional vibration of the drill pipe, and improves drilling efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN224396392U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of drilling machines, in particular to a top drive mechanism of a long spiral drilling machine. BACKGROUND
[0002] In pile foundation construction, long spiral drilling machines are usually used for drilling and pile grouting. The working principle of the long spiral drilling machine is mainly that the jib is driven to move downward along the mast through the cooperation of the winch and the rope, the drill rod and the drill bit are driven to rotate at high speed through the top drive mechanism on the jib to drill a hole, the soil residue is discharged along the spiral cutter head of the drill rod and the drill bit during the drilling process, after the drilling is completed, the jib and the drill rod of the drilling machine are lifted along the mast, a certain space is left between the drill bit and the bottom of the hole, then the concrete slurry is pumped into the drill rod, the concrete slurry is driven to open the blocking door on the drill bit under the action of gravity, and the concrete slurry flows into the hole, then the jib and the drill rod are slowly lifted to complete the pile grouting.
[0003] At present, the top drive mechanism of the drilling machine generally drives the drill rod to rotate by using a single motor. When the drill bit and the drill rod encounter a hard base during the downward rotation process, a large resistance will be generated on the drill rod and the driving motor. On the one hand, it is difficult for a single motor to provide sufficient torque, and on the other hand, the torque transmitted to the drill rod by the single motor is prone to be unbalanced. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION
[0004] In order to increase the torque transmitted to the drill rod and make the torque received by the drill rod more balanced, which is helpful to adapt to the situation that the drill bit and the drill rod encounter a hard base during the downward rotation process, the present application provides a top drive mechanism of a long spiral drilling machine.
[0005] The top drive mechanism of the long spiral drilling machine provided by the present application adopts the following technical scheme:
[0006] A top drive mechanism of a long spiral drilling machine comprises:
[0007] A mounting seat is used for being mounted on a jib;
[0008] A connecting hollow shaft is rotatably arranged on the mounting seat, the connecting hollow shaft is used for being connected with a drill rod, and a first driving gear ring is sleeved on the connecting hollow shaft;
[0009] A driving assembly is uniformly and spacedly distributed along the circumference of the connecting hollow shaft, and a plurality of the driving assemblies are used for driving the first driving gear ring on the connecting hollow shaft to rotate.
[0010] Preferably, each of the driving assemblies comprises a driving source, a speed reducer and a first transmission gear, the speed reducer is connected with the output shaft of the driving source, the first transmission gear is connected with the output shaft of the speed reducer, and the first transmission gear is engaged with the first driving gear ring.
[0011] Preferably, there are two drive components, and the first transmission gears of the two drive components are symmetrically distributed along the axis connecting the hollow shaft.
[0012] Preferably, the top drive mechanism further includes:
[0013] A limiting bearing, wherein the connecting hollow shaft is fixedly inserted through the inner ring of the limiting bearing;
[0014] A reverse balancing assembly is used to drive the outer ring of the limiting bearing to rotate. The direction of rotation of the outer ring of the limiting bearing is opposite to that of the connecting hollow shaft, but the rotation speed is the same.
[0015] Preferably, the reverse balancing assembly includes a second drive gear ring and a transmission component. The second drive gear ring is sleeved on the outer ring of the limit bearing, and the transmission component is used to drive the second drive gear ring to rotate when the first transmission gear rotates.
[0016] Preferably, the transmission component corresponds one-to-one with the drive assembly. The transmission component includes a second transmission gear and a third transmission gear. The second transmission gear is coaxially connected to the corresponding first transmission gear. The third transmission gear is rotatably mounted on the mounting base. The third transmission gear is located between the second drive gear ring and the second transmission gear. The second transmission gear meshes with the corresponding third transmission gear, and the third transmission gear meshes with the second drive gear ring.
[0017] Preferably, the connecting hollow shaft is provided with a connecting flange, and the first drive gear ring is provided with a mating flange. The first drive gear ring and the connecting hollow shaft are connected through the connecting flange and the mating flange.
[0018] Preferably, the connecting flange and the mating flange are provided with limiting blocks for mutual engagement on their adjacent sides.
[0019] Preferably, the mounting base is provided with a protective box, the connecting hollow shaft is rotatably mounted on the protective box, and the reducer and the first transmission gear are both located inside the protective box.
[0020] In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects:
[0021] When it is necessary to drive the drill pipe to rotate, multiple drive components simultaneously drive the first drive gear ring on the connecting hollow shaft to rotate. Since the multiple drive components are evenly spaced along the circumference of the connecting hollow shaft, it can not only increase the torque transmitted to the connecting hollow shaft and the drill pipe, but also make the torque on the drill pipe more balanced, which helps to adapt to the situation of encountering hard bases during the downward rotation of the drill bit and drill pipe. Attached Figure Description
[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application.
[0023] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application.
[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Mounting base; 2. Connecting hollow shaft; 3. First drive gear ring; 4. Drive assembly; 41. Drive source; 42. Reducer; 43. First transmission gear; 5. Limit bearing; 6. Second drive gear ring; 7. Transmission component; 71. Second transmission gear; 72. Third transmission gear; 8. Connecting flange; 9. Mating flange; 10. Limit block; 11. Protective box. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The following combination Figures 1-2 This application will be described in further detail.
[0026] This application discloses a top drive mechanism for a long auger drilling rig. (Refer to...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 The top drive mechanism of the long spiral drilling rig includes a mounting base 1, a connecting hollow shaft 2, and a drive assembly 4. The mounting base 1 is used to be fixedly installed on the lifting frame so that it can move up and down along the mast with the lifting frame. The connecting hollow shaft 2 is rotatably mounted on the mounting base 1 in the vertical direction. The lower end of the connecting hollow shaft 2 is used to be fixedly connected to the drill rod. The connecting hollow shaft 2 adopts a hollow structure, and its upper end facilitates the pumping of concrete slurry into the drill rod. A first drive gear ring 3 is coaxially fixedly sleeved on the connecting hollow shaft 2.
[0027] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The drive assembly 4 is mounted on the mounting base 1. Multiple drive assemblies 4 are evenly distributed along the circumferential spacing of the connecting hollow shaft 2. All drive assemblies 4 are used to drive the first drive gear ring 3 on the connecting hollow shaft 2 to rotate.
[0028] When it is necessary to drive the drill pipe to rotate, the first drive gear ring 3 on the connecting hollow shaft 2 is driven to rotate simultaneously by multiple drive components 4. Since the multiple drive components 4 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the connecting hollow shaft 2, it can not only increase the torque transmitted to the connecting hollow shaft 2 and the drill pipe, but also make the torque on the drill pipe more balanced, which helps to adapt to the situation of encountering hard base during the downward rotation of the drill bit and the drill pipe.
[0029] Reference Figure 2 To meet cost control requirements, two drive components 4 are provided. The two drive components 4 are symmetrically distributed along the axis connecting the hollow shaft 2, so that the two drive components 4 are distributed at 180 degrees. This can increase the torque and make the torque transmitted to the connecting hollow shaft 2 and the drill pipe more balanced.
[0030] Reference Figure 2In order to protect the transmission structure, a protective box 11 is fixed on the mounting base 1 by screws, the hollow shaft 2 is rotatably mounted on the protective box 11, and the drive assembly 4 is mounted on the protective box 11.
[0031] Reference Figure 2 To facilitate the rotation of the first drive gear ring 3, each drive assembly 4 includes a drive source 41, a reducer 42, and a first transmission gear 43. The drive source 41 is fixedly mounted on the top of the protective housing 11, and the output shaft of the drive source 41 rotatably passes through the protective housing 11. Specifically, the drive source 41 can be an electric motor or a hydraulic motor, etc., without limitation. The reducer 42 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the corresponding drive source 41, and the reducer 42 is a planetary reducer. The first transmission gear 43 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the corresponding reducer 42, and the first transmission gear 43 meshes with the first drive gear ring 3. The number of teeth of the first transmission gear 43 is less than the number of teeth of the first drive gear ring 3.
[0032] When it is necessary to drive the drill pipe to rotate, the drive source 41 is started synchronously, so that the drive source 41 drives the corresponding first transmission gear 43 to rotate in the same direction through the reducer 42. This causes the two first transmission gears 43 to drive the first drive gear ring 3 and the connecting hollow shaft 2 to rotate. Since the two first transmission gears 43 are located on opposite sides of the first drive gear ring 3, it can not only increase the torque transmitted to the connecting hollow shaft 2 and the drill pipe, but also make the torque on the drill pipe more balanced.
[0033] Reference Figure 2 To improve the connection strength between the hollow shaft 2 and the first drive gear ring 3, a connecting flange 8 is fixedly sleeved on the hollow shaft 2, and a mating flange 9 is fixedly installed on the first drive gear ring 3. The first drive gear ring 3 and the hollow shaft 2 are connected through the connecting flange 8 and the mating flange 9. Furthermore, each of the surfaces of the connecting flange 8 and the mating flange 9 that are close to each other is fixedly provided with a limiting block 10 for mutual engagement along its circumference. By connecting the first drive gear ring 3 and the hollow shaft 2 through the two mutually engaging flanges, the torque transmission effect between the first drive gear ring 3 and the hollow shaft 2 can be improved, making it less likely for the first drive gear ring 3 and the hollow shaft 2 to rotate relative to each other.
[0034] Reference Figure 2 To better balance the torque between the hollow shaft 2 and the drill pipe, the top drive mechanism also includes a limit bearing 5 and a reverse balancing assembly. The limit bearing 5 is sleeved on the hollow shaft 2 and is a low-friction bearing such as a ball bearing or an air bearing. Specifically, the hollow shaft 2 is fixedly mounted on the inner ring of the limit bearing 5. The reverse balancing assembly is mounted on the mounting base 1 and is used to drive the outer ring of the limit bearing 5 to rotate. The direction of rotation of the outer ring of the limit bearing 5 is opposite to that of the hollow shaft 2, and the rotation speed is the same.
[0035] During the rotation of the connecting hollow shaft 2, the outer ring of the limit bearing 5 is driven to rotate in the opposite direction to the connecting hollow shaft 2 by the reverse balance component, and the rotation speed is the same. Thus, by conserving angular momentum, when the drill bit and drill rod encounter a hard base during downward rotation, the torque fluctuation is offset, and torsional vibration is reduced to a certain extent.
[0036] Reference Figure 2 To facilitate the rotation of the outer ring of the limit bearing 5 in the opposite direction to the connecting hollow shaft 2, the reverse balancing assembly includes a second drive gear ring 6 and a transmission component 7. The second drive gear ring 6 is fixedly sleeved on the outer ring of the limit bearing 5, and the transmission component 7 is set on the mounting base 1. The transmission component 7 corresponds one-to-one with the drive assembly 4. The transmission component 7 is used to drive the second drive gear ring 6 to rotate when the first transmission gear 43 rotates.
[0037] Reference Figure 2 Figure 2 To facilitate the rotation of the first drive gear 43 and thus the second drive gear ring 6, the transmission component 7 includes a second drive gear 71 and a third drive gear 72. The second drive gear 71 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the corresponding first drive gear 43, and is located below the corresponding first drive gear 43. The third drive gear 72 is rotatably mounted on the mounting base 1, positioned between the second drive gear ring 6 and the corresponding second drive gear 71. The second drive gear 71 meshes with the corresponding third drive gear 72, and the third drive gear 72 meshes with the second drive gear ring 6. The number of teeth on the second drive gear ring 6 is greater than the number of teeth on the third drive gear 72, and the number of teeth on the third drive gear 72 is greater than the number of teeth on the second drive gear 71. To ensure that the rotational speed of the second drive gear ring 6 is the same as that of the first drive gear ring 3, the ratio of the number of teeth on the second drive gear ring 6 to the number of teeth on the second drive gear 71 is equal to the ratio of the number of teeth on the first drive gear ring 3 to the number of teeth on the first drive gear 43.
[0038] When the drive source 41 drives the corresponding first transmission gear 43 to rotate, it causes the second transmission gear 71 to rotate at the same speed. Then, the second transmission gear 71 drives the corresponding third transmission gear 72 to rotate. Subsequently, the two symmetrical third transmission gears 72 drive the second drive gear ring 6 to rotate, making the direction of rotation of the second drive gear ring 6 consistent with that of the second transmission gear 71. That is, the direction of rotation of the second drive gear ring 6 is opposite to that of the connecting hollow shaft 2, and their speeds are the same. Thus, through the conservation of angular momentum, torque fluctuations can be offset when the drill bit and drill rod encounter a hard base during downward rotation, reducing the torsional vibration of the drill rod to a certain extent and making the torque on the connecting hollow shaft 2 and the drill rod more balanced. At the same time, by increasing the mass of the outer ring of the limit bearing 5 and the second drive gear ring 6 and designing the material density, the rotational inertia of the outer ring of the limit bearing 5 is made close to that of the rotational inertia of the connecting hollow shaft 2, which further helps to offset angular momentum and torque fluctuations.
[0039] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: When it is necessary to drive the drill rod to rotate, the drive source 41 is started synchronously, so that the drive source 41 drives the corresponding first transmission gear 43 to rotate through the reducer 42. Then, the two first transmission gears 43 drive the first drive gear ring 3 and the connecting hollow shaft 2 to rotate. Since the two first transmission gears 43 are located on opposite sides of the first drive gear ring 3, it can not only increase the torque transmitted to the connecting hollow shaft 2 and the drill rod, but also make the torque on the drill rod more balanced, which helps to adapt to the situation of encountering hard base during the downward rotation of the drill bit and the drill rod.
[0040] When the drive source 41 drives the corresponding first transmission gear 43 to rotate, it will cause the second transmission gear 71 to rotate at the same speed. Through the meshing of the second transmission gear 71 and the third transmission gear 72, and the meshing of the third transmission gear 72 and the second drive gear ring 6, the direction of the second drive gear ring 6 is opposite to the direction of the connecting hollow shaft 2, and the speed is the same. Thus, through the conservation of angular momentum, when the drill bit and drill rod encounter a hard base during downward rotation, the torque fluctuation can be offset, reducing torsional vibration to a certain extent, which helps to make the torque on the connecting hollow shaft 2 and the drill rod more balanced.
[0041] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A top drive mechanism for a long auger drilling rig, characterized in that, include: Mounting base (1), the mounting base (1) is used for mounting on the lifting frame; A hollow shaft (2) is connected and rotates through the mounting base (1). The hollow shaft (2) is used to connect with the drill rod. A first drive gear ring (3) is sleeved on the hollow shaft (2). A drive assembly (4) is provided, and multiple drive assemblies (4) are evenly spaced along the circumference of the connecting hollow shaft (2). Each drive assembly (4) is used to drive the first drive gear ring (3) on the connecting hollow shaft (2) to rotate. Each drive assembly (4) includes a drive source (41), a reducer (42) and a first transmission gear (43). The reducer (42) is connected to the output shaft of the drive source (41), and the first transmission gear (43) is connected to the output shaft of the reducer (42). The first transmission gear (43) meshes with the first drive gear ring (3). The limiting bearing (5) is fixedly mounted on the inner ring of the connecting hollow shaft (2); A reverse balancing assembly is used to drive the outer ring of the limiting bearing (5) to rotate. The direction of rotation of the outer ring of the limiting bearing (5) is opposite to that of the connecting hollow shaft (2), and the rotation speed is the same.
2. The top drive mechanism of a long spiral drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two drive components (4), and the first transmission gears (43) in the two drive components (4) are symmetrically distributed along the axis of the connecting hollow shaft (2).
3. The top drive mechanism of a long auger drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reverse balancing assembly includes a second drive gear ring (6) and a transmission component (7). The second drive gear ring (6) is sleeved on the outer ring of the limit bearing (5). The transmission component (7) is used to drive the second drive gear ring (6) to rotate when the first transmission gear (43) rotates.
4. The top drive mechanism of a long spiral drilling rig according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission component (7) corresponds one-to-one with the drive assembly (4). The transmission component (7) includes a second transmission gear (71) and a third transmission gear (72). The second transmission gear (71) is coaxially connected with the corresponding first transmission gear (43). The third transmission gear (72) is rotatably mounted on the mounting base (1). The third transmission gear (72) is located between the second drive gear ring (6) and the corresponding second transmission gear (71). The second transmission gear (71) meshes with the corresponding third transmission gear (72). The third transmission gear (72) meshes with the second drive gear ring (6).
5. The top drive mechanism of a long auger drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting flange (8) is provided on the connecting hollow shaft (2), and a mating flange (9) is provided on the first driving gear ring (3). The first driving gear ring (3) and the connecting hollow shaft (2) are connected by the connecting flange (8) and the mating flange (9).
6. The top drive mechanism of a long auger drilling rig according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting flange (8) and the mating flange (9) are each provided with a limiting block (10) for mutual fitting on their respective sides.
7. The top drive mechanism of a long auger drilling rig according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The mounting base (1) is provided with a protective box (11), the connecting hollow shaft (2) is rotatably mounted on the protective box (11), and the reducer (42) and the first transmission gear (43) are both located inside the protective box (11).