Gear shift transmission and excavator

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of gear shift gearbox and excavator, it is related to gearbox technical field.The utility model provides gear shift gearbox, including shell, input shaft, output shaft, driving gear set, driven gear set, synchronizer and gear shift mechanism;Driving gear set is fixedly installed in input shaft, driven gear set is rotatably installed in output shaft, driving gear set includes first gear driving gear and second gear driving gear, driven gear set includes first gear driven gear and second gear driven gear, first gear driving gear and first gear driven gear are engaged, second gear driving gear and second gear driven gear are engaged, synchronizer is installed in output shaft;Gear shift mechanism includes sliding shaft, cylinder body, piston and gear shift fork, sliding shaft is slidably penetrated in shell, piston is arranged in sliding shaft, cylinder body is arranged in shell, gear shift fork is connected sliding shaft and synchronizer.The utility model provides a kind of gear shift gearbox and excavator, gear shift is more smooth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of gearbox technology, and in particular to a shift gearbox and an excavator. Background Technology

[0002] Most existing transmissions use a mechanical shifting structure, which uses a shift lever connected to a series of mechanical linkages and shift forks to drive gears and achieve gear shifting. In this structure, power transmission relies on the direct meshing of gears. When shifting gears, due to factors such as the gaps between various components and the delay in the synchronizer's action, the power switching is prone to shock, resulting in an uneven shift and affecting driving comfort and the vehicle's power delivery. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address at least one of the problems mentioned in the background art, this utility model provides a shift gearbox and excavator that offer smoother gear shifting.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0005] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a shift gearbox, including a housing, an input shaft, an output shaft, a drive gear set, a driven gear set, a synchronizer, and a shift mechanism, wherein the input shaft and the output shaft are rotatably disposed within the housing;

[0006] The driving gear set is fixedly mounted on the input shaft, and the driven gear set is rotatably mounted on the output shaft. The driving gear set includes a first-speed driving gear and a second-speed driving gear, and the driven gear set includes a first-speed driven gear and a second-speed driven gear. The first-speed driving gear and the first-speed driven gear mesh, and the second-speed driving gear and the second-speed driven gear mesh. The synchronizer is mounted on the output shaft and is located between the first-speed driven gear and the second-speed driven gear.

[0007] The shifting mechanism includes a sliding shaft, a hydraulic cylinder, and a shift fork. The sliding shaft is slidably mounted on the housing. The hydraulic cylinder includes a cylinder body and a piston. The piston is mounted on the sliding shaft, and the cylinder body is mounted inside the housing. The piston is slidably mounted on the cylinder body. One end of the shift fork is connected to the sliding shaft, and the other end of the shift fork is connected to the synchronizer.

[0008] As an alternative implementation, a portion of the housing is configured as a cylinder, on which a first oil passage and a second oil passage are provided. The first end of the first oil passage connects to the space between the first side of the piston and the cylinder, and the first end of the second oil passage connects to the space between the second side of the piston and the cylinder. The second ends of the first oil passage and the second ends of the second oil passage are connected to a hydraulic system so as to drive the piston to move in different directions by injecting hydraulic oil into the first oil passage or the second oil passage.

[0009] As an optional implementation, it also includes an end cap, with an opening on the outer shell and axially opposite to the sliding shaft. The end cap is installed at the opening and has a first oil port and a second oil port. The first oil port is connected to the second end of the first oil passage, and the second oil port is connected to the second end of the second oil passage.

[0010] As an optional implementation, it also includes a solenoid valve and a controller, the solenoid valve being connected to a first oil port and a second oil port, the solenoid valve being electrically connected to the controller, and the controller being configured to regulate the flow rate and oil pressure of hydraulic oil injected into the first oil circuit and the second oil circuit by controlling the solenoid valve.

[0011] As an alternative implementation, the piston and sliding shaft are integrally formed, and a sealing ring is installed on the outer periphery of the piston.

[0012] As an optional implementation, it also includes a first limiting component and a second limiting component disposed on the housing, the sliding shaft having a first limiting groove and a second limiting groove, the first limiting component being configured to abut against the first limiting groove when the shift fork is switched to the first gear, and the second limiting component being configured to abut against the second limiting groove when the shift fork is switched to the second gear.

[0013] As an optional implementation, the first limiting component includes a first position sensor, and the second limiting component includes a second position sensor. Both the first and second position sensors are electrically connected to the controller. The first and second position sensors are used to detect the positions of the first and second limiting slots, respectively, so that the controller can determine the current gear shift.

[0014] As an optional implementation, a speed sensor is also included, which is disposed in the housing and is used to detect the speed of the output shaft.

[0015] As an optional implementation, the input shaft, output shaft, and sliding shaft are arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart.

[0016] Secondly, this utility model also provides an excavator, including the gearbox described in the first aspect.

[0017] The gearbox provided by this utility model includes a housing, an input shaft, an output shaft, a drive gear set, a driven gear set, a synchronizer, and a shifting mechanism. Both the input and output shafts are rotatably mounted through the housing. The drive gear set is fixedly mounted on the input shaft, and the driven gear set is rotatably mounted on the output shaft. The drive gear set includes a first-gear drive gear and a second-gear drive gear, and the driven gear set includes a first-gear driven gear and a second-gear driven gear. The first-gear drive gear and the first-gear driven gear mesh, and the second-gear drive gear and the second-gear driven gear mesh. The synchronizer is mounted on the output shaft and located between the first-gear driven gear and the second-gear driven gear. The shifting mechanism includes a sliding shaft, a hydraulic cylinder, and a shift fork. The sliding shaft slidably passes through the housing. The hydraulic cylinder includes a cylinder body and a piston. The piston is disposed on the sliding shaft, and the cylinder body is disposed inside the housing. The piston is slidably disposed on the cylinder body. One end of the shift fork is connected to the sliding shaft, and the other end of the shift fork is connected to the synchronizer.

[0018] The gearbox provided by this utility model replaces the traditional mechanical linkage structure with a hydraulic shifting mechanism, significantly improving shifting smoothness and power delivery efficiency. Specifically, the axial movement of the piston and sliding shaft in the hydraulic cylinder is driven by hydraulic oil pressure. Compared to the rigid transmission of mechanical linkages, the hydraulic system can precisely control the movement rate and stroke of the synchronizer through pressure buffering, eliminating the impact caused by mechanical backlash. When the piston drives the shift fork to push the synchronizer to engage the first or second gear driven gear, the continuity of hydraulic transmission makes the gear engagement process smoother, avoiding power interruption caused by synchronizer action delay in the mechanical structure. At the same time, the response speed of the hydraulic system can be optimized through oil pressure adjustment, ensuring more timely power switching during gear shifts. This reduces power loss and effectively reduces shifting jerks through hydraulic buffering characteristics. It solves the problems of backlash impact and synchronization delay in traditional mechanical shifting structures from the perspectives of transmission medium and control logic, making shifting smoother and improving driving comfort and power transmission efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 A first cross-sectional schematic diagram of a shift gearbox provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a second cross-sectional schematic diagram of a gear shifting transmission provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0025] 100-speed transmission;

[0026] 110 - Outer casing;

[0027] 120 - Input axis;

[0028] 130 - Output shaft;

[0029] 140 - Drive gear set; 141 - First drive gear; 142 - Second drive gear;

[0030] 150 - Driven gear set; 151 - First gear driven gear; 152 - Second gear driven gear;

[0031] 160-Synchronizer;

[0032] 170 - Gear shifting mechanism; 171 - Sliding shaft; 1711 - First limiting groove; 1712 - Second limiting groove; 172 - Cylinder block; 1721 - First oil passage; 1722 - Second oil passage; 173 - Piston; 174 - Gear shift fork; 175 - Sealing ring;

[0033] 180 - End cap; 181 - First oil port; 182 - Second oil port;

[0034] 190 - Solenoid valve;

[0035] 200 - First limiting component;

[0036] 210 - Second limiting component;

[0037] 220-Speed ​​sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0039] In this application, the terms “upper,” “lower,” “left,” “right,” “front,” “back,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” “outer,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “lateral,” and “longitudinal” indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this utility model and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0040] Furthermore, in addition to indicating direction or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0041] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish different devices, elements, or components (which may be the same or different in specific type and construction), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, elements, or components. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0043] Most mainstream transmissions today employ a mechanical shift mechanism, using a shift lever to connect mechanical linkages and shift forks, which in turn drive gears to complete the shifting operation. In this type of transmission, power transmission relies on the direct meshing of gears. However, during the shifting process, due to the presence of gaps between components and the delay in synchronizer operation, the moment of power switching can easily generate a shock, resulting in poor shift smoothness and affecting driving comfort and the vehicle's power delivery.

[0044] In view of this, the present invention provides a gearbox, including a housing, an input shaft, an output shaft, a drive gear set, a driven gear set, a synchronizer, and a shifting mechanism. Both the input shaft and the output shaft are rotatably mounted through the housing. The drive gear set is fixedly mounted on the input shaft, and the driven gear set is rotatably mounted on the output shaft. The drive gear set includes a first-gear drive gear and a second-gear drive gear, and the driven gear set includes a first-gear driven gear and a second-gear driven gear. The first-gear drive gear and the first-gear driven gear mesh, and the second-gear drive gear and the second-gear driven gear mesh. The synchronizer is mounted on the output shaft and located between the first-gear driven gear and the second-gear driven gear. The shifting mechanism includes a sliding shaft, a hydraulic cylinder, and a shift fork. The sliding shaft is slidably mounted through the housing. The hydraulic cylinder includes a cylinder body and a piston. The piston is disposed on the sliding shaft, and the cylinder body is disposed inside the housing. The piston is slidably disposed on the cylinder body. One end of the shift fork is connected to the sliding shaft, and the other end of the shift fork is connected to the synchronizer. When the piston drives the shift fork to push the synchronizer to engage the first or second gear driven gear, the continuity of hydraulic transmission makes the gear engagement process smoother, avoiding power interruption caused by the synchronizer's delayed action in the mechanical structure. At the same time, the response speed of the hydraulic system can be optimized through oil pressure adjustment to ensure more timely power switching during gear shifts, which reduces power loss and effectively reduces shift jerking through the hydraulic buffer characteristics, making gear shifts smoother.

[0045] Figure 1 A first cross-sectional schematic diagram of a shift gearbox provided in an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is a second cross-sectional schematic diagram of a gear shifting transmission provided in an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0046] You can refer to this. Figures 1 to 4This utility model provides a gearbox 100, including a housing 110, an input shaft 120, an output shaft 130, a drive gear set 140, a driven gear set 150, a synchronizer 160, and a shifting mechanism 170. The input shaft 120 and output shaft 130 are rotatably mounted through the housing 110. The drive gear set 140 is fixedly mounted on the input shaft 120, and the driven gear set 150 is rotatably mounted on the output shaft 130. The drive gear set 140 includes a first-gear drive gear 141 and a second-gear drive gear 142, and the driven gear set 150 includes a first-gear driven gear 151 and a second-gear driven gear 152. The first-gear drive gear 141 and the first-gear driven gear 151 mesh, and the second-gear drive gear 142 and the second-gear driven gear 152 mesh. The synchronizer 160 is mounted on the input shaft 110. The output shaft 130 is located between the first gear driven gear 151 and the second gear driven gear 152. The shifting mechanism 170 includes a sliding shaft 171, a hydraulic cylinder, and a shift fork 174. The sliding shaft 171 is slidably installed in the housing 110. The hydraulic cylinder includes a cylinder body 172 and a piston 173. The piston 173 is disposed on the sliding shaft 171, and the cylinder body 172 is disposed inside the housing 110. The piston 173 is slidably disposed on the cylinder body 172. One end of the shift fork 174 is connected to the sliding shaft 171, and the other end of the shift fork 174 is connected to the synchronizer 160. The piston 173 drives the sliding shaft 171 and the shift fork 174 to move axially along the sliding shaft 171, thereby enabling the synchronizer 160 to engage with the first gear driven gear 151 or the second gear driven gear 152 for gear shifting.

[0047] The gearbox 100 provided in this embodiment replaces the traditional mechanical linkage structure with a hydraulic shifting mechanism 170, significantly improving shift smoothness and power delivery efficiency. Specifically, the axial movement of the piston 173 and sliding shaft 171 in the hydraulic cylinder is driven by hydraulic oil pressure. Compared to the rigid transmission of mechanical linkages, the hydraulic system can precisely control the movement rate and stroke of the synchronizer 160 through pressure buffering, eliminating the impact caused by mechanical backlash. When the piston 173 drives the shift fork 174 to push the synchronizer 160 to engage the first or second gear driven gear 152, the continuity of hydraulic transmission makes the gear engagement process smoother, avoiding power interruption caused by the delayed action of the synchronizer 160 in the mechanical structure. At the same time, the response speed of the hydraulic system can be optimized through oil pressure adjustment, ensuring more timely power switching during gear shifts. This reduces power loss and effectively reduces shift jerking through hydraulic buffering characteristics. It solves the problems of backlash impact and synchronization delay in traditional mechanical shifting structures from the perspectives of transmission medium and control logic, making shifts smoother and improving driving comfort and power transmission efficiency.

[0048] In the above embodiment, a portion of the outer casing 110 can be configured as a cylinder 172. The cylinder 172 has a first oil passage 1721 and a second oil passage 1722. The first end of the first oil passage 1721 connects to the space between the first side of the piston 173 and the cylinder 172. The first end of the second oil passage 1722 connects to the space between the second side of the piston 173 and the cylinder 172. The second ends of the first oil passage 1721 and the second ends of the second oil passage 1722 are connected to a hydraulic system so that the piston 173 can be driven to move in different directions by injecting hydraulic oil into the first oil passage 1721 or the second oil passage 1722. The structure integrates the outer shell 110 with the cylinder 172. The piston 173 is precisely controlled bidirectionally by the hydraulic drive of the first oil circuit 1721 and the second oil circuit 1722. When the hydraulic system injects hydraulic oil into the first oil circuit 1721, the oil enters the space between the first side of the piston 173 and the cylinder 172 through the oil circuit. The hydraulic pressure pushes the piston 173 to move to the second side, which drives the sliding shaft 171 and the shift fork 174 to drive the synchronizer 160 to engage the first or second gear driven gear 152. Conversely, when oil is injected into the second oil circuit 1722, the hydraulic oil acts on the second side of the piston 173, pushing the piston 173 to move in the opposite direction to complete the shift reset. This hydraulic circuit layout forms a closed-loop control through the bidirectional flow of hydraulic oil. It simplifies the installation process of cylinder 172 by utilizing the structure of the outer shell 110, and achieves precise control of the piston 173's movement speed through the real-time adjustability of hydraulic pressure. This avoids the impact problem of rigid transmission of mechanical linkages. At the same time, the connection design between the oil circuit and the hydraulic system ensures rapid response of gear shifting action. Combined with the buffering characteristics of hydraulic oil, it solves the problems of gap impact and synchronization delay in traditional mechanical gear shifting from both structural integration and hydraulic transmission dimensions, further improving the smoothness and reliability of the gear shifting process.

[0049] In the above embodiment, an end cap 180 is also included. The outer shell 110 has an opening at a position axially opposite to the sliding shaft 171. The end cap 180 is installed at the opening. The end cap 180 has a first oil port 181 and a second oil port 182. The first oil port 181 is connected to the second end of the first oil passage 1721, and the second oil port 182 is connected to the second end of the second oil passage 1722.

[0050] In the above embodiments, a solenoid valve 190 and a controller may also be included. The solenoid valve 190 is connected to the first oil port 181 and the second oil port 182, and is electrically connected to the controller. The controller is configured to regulate the flow rate and oil pressure of hydraulic oil injected into the first oil passage 1721 and the second oil passage 1722 by controlling the solenoid valve 190. By opening an opening on the housing 110 at a position corresponding to the axial direction of the sliding shaft 171, the end cover 180, after installation, forms a closed space in the cylinder body 172. The first oil port 181 and the second oil port 182 on the end cover are respectively connected to the second ends of the first oil passage 1721 and the second oil passage 1722, thus constructing an interface channel between the hydraulic system and the cylinder body 172. When hydraulic oil flows into the first oil passage 1721 through the first oil port 181, it can precisely act on the first side of the piston 173 to push for gear shifting; in the opposite direction, hydraulic oil is injected into the second oil passage 1722 through the second oil port 182, driving the piston 173 to reset. This structural design utilizes the end cap 180 to seal the opening and prevent hydraulic leakage, while also achieving directional transmission of hydraulic power through the corresponding connection between the oil port and the oil circuit. This makes the axial movement of the piston 173 within the cylinder 172 more stable and avoids pressure loss caused by exposed oil circuits. At the same time, the modular installation of the end cap 180 facilitates the inspection and maintenance of the hydraulic system. Combined with the integrated design of the outer shell 110 and the cylinder 172, it ensures the reliability of the hydraulic drive from the perspectives of structural sealing and oil circuit control, further improving the response accuracy and smoothness of the shifting action.

[0051] In the above embodiment, the piston 173 and the sliding shaft 171 are integrally formed, and a sealing ring 175 is installed on the outer periphery of the piston 173. Through the integrally formed structure of the piston 173 and the sliding shaft 171, the reliability of the shift mechanism 170 can be improved in terms of both mechanical strength and hydraulic sealing. Specifically, the integral forming process eliminates the connection gap between the piston 173 and the sliding shaft 171, avoiding the risk of breakage caused by stress concentration in traditional assembly structures, and ensuring that hydraulic pressure can be completely transmitted to the sliding shaft 171 to drive the shift fork 174. Simultaneously, the sealing ring 175 installed on the outer periphery of the piston 173 tightly fits the inner wall of the cylinder 172, forming a sealed cavity for hydraulic oil. When hydraulic oil is injected into the spaces on both sides of the piston 173 through the oil passage, the sealing ring 175 can effectively prevent oil leakage, ensuring a stable pressure difference on both sides of the piston 173, and making the axial movement of the piston 173 more precise. This design not only enhances the rigidity of components through integral molding, but also maintains the pressure stability of the hydraulic system through the sealing characteristics of the sealing ring 175, avoiding sluggish movement or power loss of the piston 173 due to oil leakage. It solves the gap loss of traditional mechanical connections and the leakage problem of hydraulic systems from the aspects of structural strength and sealing performance, ensuring the high efficiency and smoothness of hydraulic drive during gear shifting.

[0052] In the above embodiments, a first limiting component 200 and a second limiting component 210 may also be provided on the housing 110. The sliding shaft 171 has a first limiting groove 1711 and a second limiting groove 1712. The first limiting component 200 is configured to abut against the first limiting groove 1711 when the shift fork 174 is switched to the first gear, and the second limiting component 210 is configured to abut against the second limiting groove 1712 when the shift fork 174 is switched to the second gear. It can be understood that when the hydraulic oil drives the piston 173 to move the sliding shaft 171 axially, causing the shift fork 174 to push the synchronizer 160 to complete the engagement of first or second gear, the limiting grooves on the sliding shaft 171 move synchronously to rigidly abut against the corresponding limiting components. This design utilizes the mechanical stopping characteristics of the limiting groove and the limiting component to provide a clear boundary for the displacement of the sliding shaft 171. Specifically, when shifting to first gear, the first limiting component 200 engages with the first limiting groove 1711, preventing the sliding shaft 171 from moving excessively and causing the gears to mesh too deeply. When shifting to second gear, the second limiting component 210 abuts against the second limiting groove 1712, ensuring that the second-gear driven gear 152 and the synchronizer 160 mesh precisely. This structure not only compensates for the displacement deviation that may occur in the hydraulic system due to pressure fluctuations, but also avoids gear positioning ambiguity caused by hydraulic buffering during gear shifting through the rigid constraint of mechanical limiting. This ensures that each gear shifting action can achieve precise physical positioning through the abutment of the limiting groove and the limiting component, significantly improving the reliability of gear shifting in the transmission.

[0053] In the above embodiments, the first limiting component 200 may include a first position sensor, and the second limiting component 210 includes a second position sensor. Both the first and second position sensors are electrically connected to the controller. The first and second position sensors are used to detect the positions of the first limiting groove 1711 and the second limiting groove 1712, respectively, so that the controller can determine the current gear shift. For example, when shifting to first gear, the first position sensor senses that the first limiting groove 1711 is in position and sends a first gear engagement signal to the controller; when shifting to second gear, the second position sensor confirms the second gear working state through the position change of the second limiting groove 1712. This design combines the rigid positioning of mechanical limiting with the real-time monitoring of electronic sensing, ensuring accurate gear engagement by utilizing the physical contact between the limiting groove and the limiting component, and providing the controller with precise gear shifting data. The controller can adjust the hydraulic system pressure in real time based on sensor signals. For example, it can automatically reduce the oil pressure to reduce impact after the gear is switched to the correct position, or increase the driving force when the limit groove is not fully in place. It solves the problems of position ambiguity and control lag in gear switching from both mechanical positioning and electronic feedback, and realizes the intelligence, precision and traceability of the gearbox shifting process.

[0054] In the above embodiments, a speed sensor 220 may also be included. The speed sensor 220 is disposed in the housing 110 and is used to detect the speed of the output shaft 130. During gear shifting, the controller combines the data from the speed sensor 220 with the timing of the hydraulic system's actions to accurately determine the power transmission state. For example, when shifting from first gear to second gear, if the speed sensor 220 detects that the speed of the output shaft 130 has dropped to a threshold range that matches the second gear transmission ratio, the controller synchronously adjusts the hydraulic oil injection rate, causing the shift fork 174 to push the synchronizer 160 to smoothly engage the first gear driven gear 151. Conversely, when upshifting, the controller anticipates the upward trend of the speed and optimizes the response timing of the hydraulic drive. This closed-loop control mechanism calibrates the gear shifting action in real time using speed data, avoiding gear impact caused by speed mismatch (such as forced downshifting at high speeds) and verifying the engagement effect through speed changes after gear shifting. If abnormal speed fluctuations (such as slippage or semi-clutch state) are detected, the controller can immediately adjust the hydraulic pressure for compensation.

[0055] In the above embodiments, the input shaft 120, output shaft 130, and sliding shaft 171 are arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart. This parallel and spaced arrangement of the input shaft 120, output shaft 130, and sliding shaft 171 allows the driving gear set 140 and driven gear set 150 to form a linear meshing relationship, shortening the power transmission path and reducing wear caused by gear meshing imbalance. The sliding shaft 171 is arranged parallel to one side of the transmission shaft system, and its axial movement direction is consistent with the gear meshing direction, ensuring that the force transmission is more direct when the shift fork 174 pushes the synchronizer 160, avoiding force loss due to the shaft system angle. This parallel arrangement also simplifies the internal cavity structure of the housing 110, facilitating modular installation of the gear set, synchronizer 160, and hydraulic shifting mechanism 170, while reducing manufacturing difficulty. Coaxiality and parallelism accuracy can be ensured through conventional boring and milling processes, avoiding assembly errors caused by complex spatial structures. In addition, the parallel spacing of the shaft system is set to reserve sufficient space for the oil circuit layout. The first oil circuit 1721 and the second oil circuit 1722 can be arranged in the parallel direction of the shaft system to reduce the hydraulic resistance caused by the bending of the oil circuit, so that the hydraulic oil flows more smoothly and the piston 173 drives more quickly.

[0056] Furthermore, this utility model embodiment also provides an excavator, including the gearbox 100 described in the above embodiment. The gearbox 100 includes a housing 110, an input shaft 120, an output shaft 130, a drive gear set 140, a driven gear set 150, a synchronizer 160, and a shifting mechanism 170. The input shaft 120 and the output shaft 130 are rotatably mounted through the housing 110. The drive gear set 140 is fixedly mounted on the input shaft 120, and the driven gear set 150 is rotatably mounted on the output shaft 130. The drive gear set 140 includes a first drive gear 141 and a second drive gear 142, and the driven gear set 150 includes a first driven gear 151 and a second driven gear 152. Gear 141 meshes with first gear driven gear 151, second gear driving gear 142 meshes with second gear driven gear 152, synchronizer 160 is mounted on output shaft 130 and located between first gear driven gear 151 and second gear driven gear 152; shifting mechanism 170 includes sliding shaft 171, hydraulic cylinder and shift fork 174, sliding shaft 171 is slidably mounted in housing 110, hydraulic cylinder includes cylinder body 172 and piston 173, piston 173 is mounted on sliding shaft 171, cylinder body 172 is mounted inside housing 110, piston 173 is slidably mounted in cylinder body 172, one end of shift fork 174 is connected to sliding shaft 171, and the other end of shift fork 174 is connected to synchronizer 160. The shift gearbox 100 provided in this embodiment of the utility model replaces the traditional mechanical linkage structure with a hydraulic shift mechanism 170, which significantly improves shift smoothness and power connection efficiency, and enhances the driving comfort and power transmission efficiency of the excavator.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A shift gearbox (100), characterized in that, It includes a housing (110), an input shaft (120), an output shaft (130), a drive gear set (140), a driven gear set (150), a synchronizer (160), and a shifting mechanism (170), wherein the input shaft (120) and the output shaft (130) are rotatably disposed within the housing (110); The drive gear set (140) is fixedly mounted on the input shaft (120), and the driven gear set (150) is rotatably mounted on the output shaft (130). The drive gear set (140) includes a first-speed drive gear (141) and a second-speed drive gear (142). The driven gear set (150) includes a first-speed driven gear (151) and a second-speed driven gear (152). The first-speed drive gear (141) and the first-speed driven gear (151) mesh, and the second-speed drive gear (142) and the second-speed driven gear (152) mesh. The synchronizer (160) is mounted on the output shaft (130) and located between the first-speed driven gear (151) and the second-speed driven gear (152). The shifting mechanism (170) includes a sliding shaft (171), a hydraulic cylinder, and a shift fork (174). The sliding shaft (171) is slidably disposed within the housing (110). The hydraulic cylinder includes a cylinder body (172) and a piston (173). The piston (173) is disposed on the sliding shaft (171). The cylinder body (172) is disposed within the housing (110). The piston (173) is slidably disposed on the cylinder body (172). One end of the shift fork (174) is connected to the sliding shaft (171), and the other end of the shift fork (174) is connected to the synchronizer (160).

2. The shift gearbox (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, A portion of the outer casing (110) is configured as the cylinder (172), on which a first oil passage (1721) and a second oil passage (1722) are provided. The first end of the first oil passage (1721) connects to the space between the first side of the piston (173) and the cylinder (172), and the first end of the second oil passage (1722) connects to the space between the second side of the piston (173) and the cylinder (172). The second ends of the first oil passage (1721) and the second oil passage (1722) are connected to a hydraulic system to drive the piston (173) to move in different directions by injecting hydraulic oil into the first oil passage (1721) or the second oil passage (1722).

3. The shift gearbox (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes an end cap (180), on which the outer shell (110) has an opening at a position axially opposite to the sliding shaft (171), the end cap (180) is installed at the opening, the end cap (180) has a first oil port (181) and a second oil port (182), the first oil port (181) is connected to the second end of the first oil passage (1721), and the second oil port (182) is connected to the second end of the second oil passage (1722).

4. The shift gearbox (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a solenoid valve (190) and a controller, the solenoid valve (190) being connected to the first oil port (181) and the second oil port (182), the solenoid valve (190) being electrically connected to the controller, the controller being configured to regulate the flow rate and oil pressure of hydraulic oil injected into the first oil passage (1721) and the second oil passage (1722) by controlling the solenoid valve (190).

5. The shift gearbox (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The piston (173) and the sliding shaft (171) are integrally formed, and a sealing ring (175) is installed on the outer periphery of the piston (173).

6. The shift gearbox (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a first limiting component (200) and a second limiting component (210) disposed on the housing (110). The sliding shaft (171) has a first limiting groove (1711) and a second limiting groove (1712). The first limiting component (200) is configured to abut against the first limiting groove (1711) when the shift fork (174) is switched to the first gear. The second limiting component (210) is configured to abut against the second limiting groove (1712) when the shift fork (174) is switched to the second gear.

7. The shift gearbox (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first limiting component (200) includes a first position sensor, and the second limiting component (210) includes a second position sensor. Both the first position sensor and the second position sensor are electrically connected to the controller. The first position sensor and the second position sensor are used to detect the positions of the first limiting groove (1711) and the second limiting groove (1712), respectively, so as to determine the current shift gear through the controller.

8. The shift gearbox (100) according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a speed sensor (220), which is disposed in the housing (110) and is used to detect the speed of the output shaft (130).

9. The shift gearbox (100) according to claim 8, characterized in that, The input shaft (120), output shaft (130), and sliding shaft (171) are parallel to each other and spaced apart.

10. An excavator, characterized in that, The shift gearbox (100) includes any one of claims 1-9.

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