Central air conditioning system for super high-rise buildings

Abstract

The utility model discloses a central air conditioning system for super high building, include: refrigeration plant, plate heat exchanger, auxiliary cold source, high area end, high area cold pump, plate heat exchanger cold end is connected with refrigeration plant through low area water supply pipe and low area backwater pipe, plate heat exchanger hot end is connected with high area end through high area water supply pipe and high area backwater pipe, high area cold pump sets up on high area water supply pipe, auxiliary cold source includes auxiliary cold loop and heat dissipation circuit, auxiliary cold loop with cold source output circuit are parallel, heat dissipation circuit with low area backwater pipe intercommunication. Through auxiliary cold source, the water supply temperature of high area is reduced to 7 DEG C, to make up the heat transfer temperature difference of plate heat exchanger, guarantee high area to meet the design cooling specification standard, satisfy high area cooling quality demand.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building refrigeration systems, specifically a central air conditioning system for super high-rise buildings. Background Technology

[0002] Central air conditioning systems in skyscrapers and other high-rise buildings typically employ a circulating cooling system where a chiller room is located in the basement. Chilled water is then transported to each floor via water supply pipes to exchange heat and provide cooling to indoor fan coil units and other air conditioning terminal equipment. Finally, the water is returned to the chiller room in the basement via return pipes.

[0003] As the building height increases, the static water pressure on the supply and return water risers gradually increases. This means that the piping and connected equipment in the chiller room located in the basement must withstand enormous static water pressure. To ensure equipment safety and reduce construction costs, a plate heat exchanger is typically installed on the supply and return water pipes approximately every 100 meters in height (equipment floor location). Floors below the plate heat exchanger are considered the low zone, and floors above are considered the high zone. The chilled water in the high zone undergoes secondary heat exchange through the plate heat exchanger before being supplied for cooling. In this way, the static water pressure in the high zone is no longer transferred to the low zone, but is instead borne by the plate heat exchanger, thus solving the aforementioned problem (if the building height reaches several hundred meters, the number of plate heat exchangers will also increase accordingly).

[0004] Although the installation of plate heat exchangers solved the problem of water static pressure bearing in central air conditioning systems, it also brought new problems: according to HVAC design specifications, the water supply temperature at the air conditioning terminal is 7℃, while there is a heat exchange temperature difference of 1~2℃ in plate heat exchanger 2.

[0005] According to the principle of refrigeration, for every 1°C decrease in the water supply temperature, the energy efficiency ratio (EER) of the central air conditioning refrigeration system will decrease by about 3%. If the operating efficiency of the entire central air conditioning system is to be maintained at 7°C, the water supply temperature at the hot end of the plate heat exchanger will rise to 8-9°C, which does not meet the design specifications for cooling and will also impair the cooling comfort of the high-rise area.

[0006] If the high zone is guaranteed to meet the design cooling specifications, and the hot end of the plate heat exchanger is to operate at 7°C, then the supply water temperature of the chiller room must be reduced to 5°C (assuming the heat exchange temperature difference of plate heat exchanger 2 is 2°C). The operating efficiency of the entire central air conditioning system will be reduced by 3% to 6%, resulting in an increase in the energy consumption of the central air conditioning system.

[0007] Especially in hot southern regions where air conditioning is used for more than 10 months a year, the cumulative increase in electricity costs throughout the year will be enormous. Furthermore, some buildings exceed 200 meters in height, requiring multiple stages of plate heat exchangers. Each stage incurs a 1-2°C loss in heat exchange temperature difference, further exacerbating the conflict between cooling quality in high-rise areas and system energy efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a central air conditioning system for super high-rise buildings, which can simultaneously achieve the dual goals of ensuring the cooling quality for air conditioning users in high-rise areas and optimizing the overall energy efficiency ratio of the central air conditioning system, thus resolving the contradiction that the two cannot be achieved simultaneously in the past.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0010] A central air conditioning system for super high-rise buildings includes: a refrigeration room, a plate heat exchanger, an auxiliary cold source, high-zone terminals, and a high-zone chilled pump;

[0011] The cold end of the plate heat exchanger is connected to the refrigeration room through a low-zone water supply pipe and a low-zone water return pipe to form a cold source input circuit; the hot end of the plate heat exchanger is connected to the high-zone end through a high-zone water supply pipe and a high-zone water return pipe to form a cold source output circuit; the high-zone chiller is installed on the high-zone water supply pipe;

[0012] The auxiliary cold source includes an auxiliary cooling circuit and a heat dissipation circuit; the auxiliary cooling circuit and the cold source output circuit are connected in parallel, and the outlet of the auxiliary cooling circuit is connected upstream of the high-zone chiller; the heat dissipation circuit is connected to the low-zone return water pipe, and the inlet of the heat dissipation circuit is located upstream of the outlet of the heat dissipation circuit.

[0013] Furthermore, the auxiliary cooling circuit inlet is located between the high-zone cooling pump and the high-zone terminal.

[0014] Furthermore, the auxiliary cold source is an ice-making system including a refrigeration unit, a dynamic ice slurry manufacturing device, an ice storage tank, and a cooling heat exchanger;

[0015] The refrigeration unit includes a condenser and an evaporator, and the condenser is connected to the low-zone return water pipe to form the heat dissipation circuit;

[0016] The evaporator, the dynamic ice slurry manufacturing device, the ice storage tank, and the cold end of the cooling heat exchanger are connected to form an ice-making circuit;

[0017] The hot end of the cooling heat exchanger is connected to the cold source output circuit to form the auxiliary cooling circuit.

[0018] Furthermore, a liquid level sensor is installed inside the ice storage tank.

[0019] Furthermore, in the auxiliary cooling circuit, a first temperature sensor and a first proportional regulating valve are provided on the upstream side of the cold end of the cooling heat exchanger.

[0020] Furthermore, a second temperature sensor is provided upstream of the condenser input end, and a second proportional regulating valve is provided downstream of the condenser output end.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The chiller room receives water from the low-zone supply, maintaining it at 7°C. After heat exchange through the plate heat exchanger, the water temperature reaches 8-9°C in the high-zone supply. An auxiliary cold source is then connected to the relevant piping of the plate heat exchanger to lower the high-zone supply water temperature to 7°C. This compensates for the temperature difference in the plate heat exchanger, ensuring that the high-zone meets the design cooling specifications and meets the high-zone cooling quality requirements. This system simultaneously achieves the dual goals of ensuring cooling quality for high-zone air conditioning users and optimizing the overall energy efficiency ratio of the central air conditioning system, resolving the current contradiction of not being able to simultaneously address these two objectives. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the central air conditioning system in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary cold source in this utility model;

[0026] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0027] 101 - Cold source input circuit; 11 - Low zone water supply pipe; 12 - Low zone water return pipe;

[0028] 2-Plate heat exchanger;

[0029] 3-Auxiliary cold source; 301-Auxiliary cooling circuit; 302-Heat dissipation circuit; 31-Refrigeration unit; 311-Condenser; 312-Evaporator; 32-Dynamic ice slurry manufacturing device; 321-Subcooled water heat exchanger; 322-Anti-propagation device; 323-Crystallizer; 324-Ice pump; 325-Ice crystal filter; 33-Ice storage tank; 331-Level sensor; 34-Cooling heat exchanger; 35-First temperature sensor; 36-First proportional control valve; 37-Second temperature sensor; 38-Second proportional control valve; 391-Cooling pump; 392-Cool release pump; 393-Ethylene glycol pump;

[0030] 4-High-zone terminal; 401-Cold source output circuit; 41-High-zone water supply pipe; 42-High-zone water return pipe;

[0031] 5-High-zone cooling pump. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To facilitate a better understanding of the purpose, structure, features, and effects of this utility model, it will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the features shown in the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. Furthermore, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of this utility model without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "back" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and these relative positional relationships may change accordingly when the absolute position of the described objects changes. Furthermore, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a central air conditioning system for super high-rise buildings, including: a refrigeration room, a plate heat exchanger 2, an auxiliary cold source 3, high-zone terminal units 4 (air conditioning terminal equipment located in the high zone), and a high-zone chilled pump 5;

[0035] The plate heat exchanger 2 is placed on the equipment floor; wherein, the cold end of the plate heat exchanger 2 (the part that receives cold energy during heat exchange) is connected to the refrigeration room through the low-zone water supply pipe 11 and the low-zone water return pipe 12 to form a cold source input circuit 101; the hot end of the plate heat exchanger 2 (the part that outputs cold energy during heat exchange) is connected to the high-zone end 4 through the high-zone water supply pipe 41 and the high-zone water return pipe 42 to form a cold source output circuit 401;

[0036] The high-zone chilled pump 5 is installed on the high-zone water supply pipe 41 to provide water flow output power to supply chilled water to the high-zone end 4;

[0037] The auxiliary cold source 3 is placed on the equipment layer. The auxiliary cold source 3 includes an auxiliary cooling circuit 301 and a heat dissipation circuit 302. The auxiliary cooling circuit 301 is connected in parallel with the cold source output circuit 401, and the outlet of the auxiliary cooling circuit 301 is connected upstream of the high-zone chilled pump 5 to provide cooling supplement to the chilled water in the high-zone water supply pipe 41, so as to reduce the temperature of the chilled water in the high-zone water supply pipe 41. The heat dissipation circuit 302 is connected to the low-zone return water pipe 12, and the inlet of the heat dissipation circuit 302 is located upstream of the outlet of the heat dissipation circuit 302. The chilled water that returns after heat exchange with the plate heat exchanger 2 is used to dissipate heat from the auxiliary cold source 3.

[0038] The chiller room receives water from the low-zone supply at 7°C. After heat exchange through the plate heat exchanger 2, the water temperature reaches 8-9°C in the high-zone supply. The auxiliary cold source 3 connects to the relevant piping of the plate heat exchanger 2 to lower the high-zone supply water temperature to 7°C. This compensates for the temperature difference in the plate heat exchanger 2, ensuring that the high-zone meets the design cooling specifications and meets the high-zone cooling quality requirements. This system simultaneously achieves the dual goals of ensuring cooling quality for high-zone air conditioning users and optimizing the overall energy efficiency ratio of the central air conditioning system, resolving the current contradiction of not being able to simultaneously address these two objectives.

[0039] Although the auxiliary cold source 3 generates some energy consumption, it only needs to compensate for the 2°C temperature difference after heat exchange in the plate heat exchanger 2. Moreover, compared to the refrigeration room, which needs to supply cooling capacity to the air conditioning terminal equipment of the entire building, the auxiliary cold source 3 only needs to supply cooling capacity to the air conditioning terminal equipment above the plate heat exchanger 2. Its air conditioning load accounts for less than half or even less. Therefore, the energy consumption generated by the auxiliary cold source 3 is much less than the energy consumption increased by the refrigeration room in lowering the water supply temperature.

[0040] Furthermore, the inlet of the auxiliary cooling circuit 301 is located between the high-zone cooling pump 5 and the high-zone terminal 4. Specifically, the chilled water produced by the auxiliary cold source 3 is mixed before entering the high-zone cooling pump 5. After the chilled water is cooled, it is supplied to the high-zone terminal 4 through the high-zone cooling pump 5. At the same time, the power redundancy of the high-zone cooling pump 5 (or the high-zone cooling pump 5 with the appropriate power is selected according to the water flow demand to ensure the output of water flow power) is used to drive part of the water flow to circulate in the auxiliary cold source 3. The water flow of the cold source output circuit 401 and the auxiliary cooling circuit 301 share a single power device to reduce equipment investment and energy consumption.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the auxiliary cold source 3 is an ice-making system, which includes a refrigeration unit 31, a dynamic ice slurry manufacturing device 32, an ice storage tank 33, and a cooling heat exchanger 34. The refrigeration unit 31 includes a condenser 311 and an evaporator 312. The condenser 311 is connected to the low-zone return water pipe 12 to form the heat dissipation circuit 302. The evaporator 312, the dynamic ice slurry manufacturing device 32, the ice storage tank 33, and the cold end of the cooling heat exchanger 34 are connected to form an ice-making circuit. The hot end of the cooling heat exchanger 34 is connected to the cold source output circuit 401 to form the auxiliary cooling circuit 301. 0°C chilled water is generated through the principle of ice making, and the cooling capacity is then input to the high-zone water supply pipe 41 through the cooling heat exchanger 34.

[0042] The dynamic ice slurry manufacturing device 32 includes: a subcooled water heat exchanger 321, an anti-propagation device 322, a crystallizer 323, an ice pump 324, an ice crystal filter 325, etc. These are existing ice-making technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0043] In addition, the auxiliary cold source 3 is also equipped with power pumps between various devices, including: a cooling pump 391 at the cold end of the condenser 311, a cold release pump 392 between the ice storage tank 33 and the cooling heat exchanger 34, and an ethylene glycol pump 393 between the evaporator 312 and the subcooled water heat exchanger 321.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, the ice storage tank 33 is further equipped with a liquid level sensor 331. The ice storage tank 33 is used to store ice slurry to achieve the storage of cold energy. Since the liquid level in the ice storage tank 33 will drop after the ice slurry is full, the liquid level sensor 331 monitors the liquid level position through static pressure changes to determine whether the ice slurry is full, so as to provide feedback to the relevant equipment of the auxiliary cold source 3 to stop operating.

[0045] like Figure 2As shown, further, on the auxiliary cooling circuit 301, a first temperature sensor 35 and a first proportional regulating valve 36 are provided on the upstream side of the cold end of the cooling heat exchanger 34; the temperature monitored by the first temperature sensor 35 is equivalent to the temperature of the water supplied by the high-zone cooling pump to the high-zone terminal 4, and the opening of the first proportional valve is adjusted according to the monitored temperature to control the flow rate of chilled water flowing into the input end of the high-zone cooling pump 5.

[0046] Specifically: when the monitoring result is higher than 7°C, the cold release pump 392 and the cooling heat exchanger 34 are turned on, and the first proportional regulating valve 36 is dynamically opened to increase the heat exchange capacity of the cooling heat exchanger 34, accelerate the release of the cold energy stored in the ice storage tank 33, and increase the water flow into the high-zone water supply pipe 41; when the monitoring result is lower than 7°C, the first proportional regulating valve 36 is closed to reduce the heat exchange capacity of the cooling heat exchanger 34, slow down the release of the cold energy in the ice storage tank 33, and reduce the water flow into the high-zone water supply pipe 41.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, a second temperature sensor 37 is provided upstream of the input end of the condenser 311, and a second proportional regulating valve 38 is provided downstream of the output end of the condenser 311. The second temperature sensor 37 is used to monitor the water temperature flowing into the heat dissipation circuit 302, and adjust the opening of the second proportional regulating valve 38 according to the water temperature to ensure that the condenser 311 can effectively dissipate heat.

[0048] In this solution, the following scenarios can also achieve energy saving: If the building's electricity is charged according to peak and off-peak electricity prices, and if there is no demand for air conditioning cooling in commercial high-rise buildings at night, and this happens to be during the cheap off-peak electricity period, then the auxiliary cold source 3 can be turned on to make ice and store cold energy separately, using cheap electricity to produce and store cold energy, so as to further reduce the electricity cost of air conditioning operation.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A central air conditioning system for super high-rise buildings, characterized in that, Includes: refrigeration room, plate heat exchanger (2), auxiliary cold source (3), high-zone terminal (4), high-zone cold pump (5); The cold end of the plate heat exchanger (2) is connected to the refrigeration room through the low-zone water supply pipe (11) and the low-zone water return pipe (12) to form a cold source input circuit (101); the hot end of the plate heat exchanger (2) is connected to the high-zone end (4) through the high-zone water supply pipe (41) and the high-zone water return pipe (42) to form a cold source output circuit (401); the high-zone cold pump (5) is installed on the high-zone water supply pipe (41); The auxiliary cold source (3) includes an auxiliary cooling circuit (301) and a heat dissipation circuit (302); the auxiliary cooling circuit (301) and the cold source output circuit (401) are connected in parallel, and the outlet of the auxiliary cooling circuit (301) is connected upstream of the high-zone cooling pump (5); the heat dissipation circuit (302) is connected to the low-zone return water pipe (12), and the inlet of the heat dissipation circuit (302) is located upstream of the outlet of the heat dissipation circuit (302).

2. A central air conditioning system for super high-rise buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet of the auxiliary cooling circuit (301) is located between the high-zone cooling pump (5) and the high-zone end (4).

3. A central air conditioning system for super high-rise buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary cold source (3) is an ice-making system including a refrigeration unit (31), a dynamic ice slurry manufacturing device (32), an ice storage tank (33), and a cooling heat exchanger (34); The refrigeration unit (31) includes a condenser (311) and an evaporator (312). The condenser (311) is connected to the low-zone return water pipe (12) to form the heat dissipation circuit (302). The evaporator (312), the dynamic ice slurry manufacturing device (32), the ice storage tank (33) and the cooling heat exchanger (34) are connected at the cold end to form an ice-making circuit; The hot end of the cooling heat exchanger (34) is connected to the cold source output circuit (401) to form the auxiliary cooling circuit (301).

4. A central air conditioning system for super high-rise buildings according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ice storage tank (33) is equipped with a liquid level sensor (331).

5. A central air conditioning system for super high-rise buildings according to claim 3, characterized in that, On the auxiliary cooling circuit (301), a first temperature sensor (35) and a first proportional regulating valve (36) are provided on the upstream side of the cold end of the cooling heat exchanger (34).

6. A central air conditioning system for super high-rise buildings according to claim 3, characterized in that, A second temperature sensor (37) is provided upstream of the input end of the condenser (311), and a second proportional regulating valve (38) is provided downstream of the output end of the condenser (311).

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