A skull repair device integrated with a cerebrospinal fluid shunt

Abstract

The utility model relates to medical instrument technical field, specifically disclose a skull repair device of integrated cerebrospinal fluid shunt, including artificial bone plate, be used for repairing skull defect, the outer surface of artificial bone plate is equipped with positioning recess, the positioning recess is used for accommodating cerebrospinal fluid shunt, and the positioning recess is equipped with the fixing assembly for fixing shunt. The utility model embeds the main part of cerebrospinal fluid shunt into artificial bone plate, makes shunt main part can accommodate in the thickness range of repair device itself, thereby significantly reduced the overall profile height of implant, effectively reduced the pressure and tension generated to scalp, can prevent the scalp erosion, breakage, necrosis and other serious complications caused by implant profile too high, simultaneously, through the fixing assembly to the shunt fixation, can effectively prevent the shunt from turning over or displacement after operation, guarantee the long-term stability and safety of drainage system, and simplify the operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to a cranioplasty device integrating a cerebrospinal fluid shunt. Background Technology

[0002] In neurosurgical procedures involving cerebrospinal fluid shunts for hydrocephalus, the shunt is typically fixed directly to the surface of the skull, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it is covered by the scalp. Because the shunt itself has a certain thickness (commonly 7.5mm), this placement method will cause the implant to protrude entirely from the skull surface (e.g., Figure 9 As shown in the image, this can cause excessive tension on the local scalp. This is especially true in patients with thinner scalps (such as children and elderly women), which can easily lead to serious complications such as scalp perforation, erosion, necrosis, and even implant exposure. In addition, if the shunt is not securely fixed, it may flip or shift after surgery, which is also a common complication and can lead to drainage obstruction, usually requiring repeat surgery.

[0003] In surgeries at specific surgical sites, such as the occipital region (e.g., cerebellar hemorrhage or cerebellar tumors), partial removal of the occipital skull is necessary to fully expose the lesion and achieve brain tissue decompression. Postoperatively, patients are prone to intractable cerebrospinal fluid leakage, which can lead to severe meningocele and subcutaneous effusion. Traditional treatment methods include simple dural repair, or dural repair combined with conventional cranioplasty materials (such as titanium mesh) for repair (e.g.,...). Figure 2 (As shown). However, the success rate of the above methods is generally low, and patients often need to undergo repeated repair surgeries due to cerebrospinal fluid re-leakage (occurrence rate 8%–20%). Therefore, a cerebrospinal fluid shunt device (such as a shunt) can be implanted intraoperatively to continuously drain cerebrospinal fluid, thereby reducing the incidence of the above complications. However, due to the small area of ​​the occipital skull (such as...),... Figure 3 As shown in the dashed box, which accounts for about one-eighth of the entire skull area, after removing the occipital bone flap, it is difficult to find a suitable position to place the shunt on the remaining bone flap; even if it is placed with difficulty, the shunt is likely to protrude when the patient is supine, causing difficulty in lying flat.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new solution that can simultaneously achieve cranioplasty, shunt placement, and reduce complications such as implant exposure. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention provides a cranioplasty device integrating a cerebrospinal fluid shunt, which conveniently integrates the cerebrospinal fluid shunt into the cranioplasty material. It aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art where the shunt is placed directly on the surface of the skull, resulting in an excessively high overall profile of the implant, easy scalp complications, unstable fixation of the shunt, and in solving a specific surgical problem—"refractory cerebrospinal fluid leakage after occipital surgery".

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A cranial repair device integrating a cerebrospinal fluid shunt includes an artificial bone plate for repairing cranial defects; the outer surface of the artificial bone plate is provided with a positioning groove for accommodating the cerebrospinal fluid shunt, and a fixing component for fixing the shunt is provided in the positioning groove.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, the artificial bone plate is divided into a bone plate body and an inlay. The bone plate body has a circular mounting hole in the middle. The inlay is circular and is installed in the mounting hole of the bone plate body. It can rotate relative to the bone plate body. The positioning groove is provided on the inlay.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the mounting hole of the bone plate body is provided with an annular overlapping groove on the outer periphery, and the insert body is provided with an annular flange extending radially on the outer periphery, the annular flange being adapted to the annular overlapping groove; it also includes at least three miniature locking screws, which are used to lock the insert body to the bone plate body after rotating it into place.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the flange of the inlay is provided with an annular nail groove.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the mounting hole edge is provided with circumferential angle scale markings, and the inlay is provided with positioning marks.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the inlay is provided with a guide groove for guiding the drainage tube, and one end of the guide groove is connected to the positioning groove.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the inlay body has a spare channel hole that runs through both the inside and outside.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the fixing component is a snap-fit.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the edge of the artificial bone plate is provided with a mounting part for connecting to the skull.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the artificial bone plate is made of PEEK material by 3D printing.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0018] This invention relates to a cranioplasty device integrating a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt. The CSF shunt is embedded within an artificial bone plate, facilitating continuous drainage of CSF and reducing postoperative recurrence and refractory CSF leakage and subcutaneous effusion in the occipital region. The main body of the shunt (typically 7.5 mm thick) is contained within the thickness of the repair device (the same as the thickness of the occipital skull, usually around 8-15 mm), significantly reducing the overall profile height of the implant and effectively decreasing pressure and tension on the scalp. This effectively prevents serious complications such as scalp erosion, ulceration, and perforation caused by excessively high implants. The shunt is fixed using a fixation component, effectively preventing postoperative flipping or displacement, ensuring the long-term stability and safety of the drainage system, and simplifying the surgical procedure.

[0019] This invention is further modularized, consisting of a detachable bone plate body and an inlay, with the inlay being rotatable. This allows surgeons to flexibly and precisely adjust the final position and orientation of the shunt during surgery according to the patient's anatomy and puncture requirements. At the same time, different prefabricated inlays can be quickly replaced to adapt to different sizes and models of shunts during surgery, improving the accuracy of the surgery and adaptability to individual differences.

[0020] In this invention, a guide groove for guiding the drainage tube and a spare channel hole connecting to the intracranial cavity are reserved. The guide groove can guide the drainage tube connected to the shunt to run smoothly, effectively preventing the tube from kinking or twisting, thereby ensuring the long-term unobstructed drainage of cerebrospinal fluid and improving the reliability of the drainage system. The spare channel hole provides a minimally invasive access point for the treatment of possible postoperative complications or further treatment, avoiding the pain and risks of patients undergoing craniotomy and drilling surgery again, and enhancing the functional expandability of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of the shunt implant protruding entirely from the surface of the skull in existing technologies;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of cranioplasty using titanium mesh in existing technology;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the posterior cranial flap region in the human body;

[0025] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of another embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A partial cross-sectional view of the embodiment shown;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the splitter embedded in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of cranioplasty performed using an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of shunt implantation in existing technology;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application effect of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 11 These are various types and sizes of shunts that may be used in cerebrospinal fluid shunt surgery, as well as matching prefabricated inlays.

[0033] Reference numerals: 1-Artificial bone plate, 2-Positioning groove, 11-Bone plate body, 12-Inlay, 13-Annular overlapping groove, 14-Annular flange, 15-Annular nail groove, 16-Angle scale mark, 17-Positioning mark, 18-Guide groove, 19-Spare channel hole; 3-Fixing component, 4-Miniature locking screw, 5-Shunting device, 6-Skull, 7-Scalp skin. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0035] A cranioplasty device integrating a cerebrospinal fluid shunt, such as Figures 4-6As shown, it includes an artificial bone plate 1 for repairing skull defects; the outer surface of the artificial bone plate 1 has a positioning groove 2 for accommodating a cerebrospinal fluid shunt 5, and a fixing component 3 for fixing the shunt is provided within the positioning groove 2. The artificial bone plate 1 is used to cover and repair the patient's skull defect, restoring the integrity and protective function of the cranial cavity; the shape and curvature of the artificial bone plate 1 can be customized according to the specific defect location and size of the patient to ensure a close fit with the edges of the surrounding autologous skull. The positioning groove 2 is used to accommodate the cerebrospinal fluid shunt 5, embedding the shunt 5 from the skull surface within the thickness of the artificial bone plate 1. The fixing component 3 fixes the shunt 5 within the positioning groove 2 to prevent accidental displacement, flipping, or dislodgement of the shunt 5 after surgery. The contour, size, and depth of the positioning groove 2 are adapted to the specific model of cerebrospinal fluid shunt to be installed, forming an embedded receiving space. Prior art such as... Figure 1 , 9 As shown, the shunt 5 is placed on the surface of the skull 6 (artificial bone plate 1), pushing the scalp skin 7 high out; in the prior art, conventional skull repair materials are used, such as Figure 2 The titanium mesh shown does not have a location for a distributor; or in some special locations, such as... Figure 3 The occipital region of the brain shown in the diagram has a small skull area, making it difficult to find a suitable location for a shunt device on the remaining bone flap after removing the occipital bone flap. The device described in this application is as follows... Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 10 As shown, by setting a positioning groove 2 on the artificial bone plate 1, the shunt 5 is lowered into the thickness of the artificial bone plate 1 or the height of the part of the shunt 5 protruding from the artificial bone plate 1 is greatly reduced, thus avoiding the problem of excessive tension and pressure on the scalp 7 caused by the excessive height of the shunt 5.

[0036] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the artificial bone plate 1 is divided into a main body 11 and an inlay 12. The main body 11 has a circular mounting hole in its center. The inlay 12 is circular and installed within the mounting hole of the main body 11, allowing it to rotate relative to the main body 11. The positioning groove 2 is disposed on the inlay 12. By independently setting the inlay 12 containing the positioning groove 2, modular design is possible. Different sizes of positioning grooves 2 can be prefabricated on the inlay 12, allowing for quick replacement during surgery to accommodate different shunt models without replacing the entire artificial bone plate. Various models and sizes of shunts and their corresponding inlays may be used in cerebrospinal fluid shunt surgery, as shown in the diagram. Figure 11 As shown, Figure 11The shape and size of the groove in the inlay shown are for illustrative purposes only and can be customized according to the shape and size of the shunt available on the market. On the other hand, the inlay 12 can rotate relative to the bone plate body 11. After implanting the device, the doctor can rotate the inlay to adjust the orientation of the positioning groove 2 according to the specific puncture needs, find the best puncture and drainage angle, and thus accurately adjust the orientation of the shunt and the outlet direction of the drainage tube.

[0037] Preferably, the mounting hole of the bone plate body 11 is provided with an annular overlapping groove 13 on its outer periphery, and the inlay 12 is provided with an annular flange 14 extending radially on its outer periphery, the annular flange 14 being adapted to the annular overlapping groove 13; it also includes at least three miniature locking screws 4, which are used to lock the inlay 12 to the bone plate body 11 after it is rotated into place. Further, the flange of the inlay 12 is provided with an annular screw groove 15. During the operation, the surgeon can adjust the angle of the inlay according to the specific puncture needs, and after determining the final position, it can be fixed with the miniature locking screws. The annular screw groove 15 is used to guide the miniature locking screws 4, facilitating rapid insertion.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the mounting hole edge is provided with an angle scale mark 16 along the circumferential direction. The angle scale mark 16 can be a 0-360 degree scale line surrounding the edge of the mounting hole. The inlay body 12 is provided with a positioning mark 17. The angle scale mark 16 provides a quantitative and recordable reference for rotation adjustment, which facilitates quick restoration to the original position during subsequent review or secondary surgery. The positioning mark 17 can directly indicate the current position.

[0039] In one optional embodiment, the inlay 12 is provided with a guide groove 18 for guiding the drainage tube. One end of the guide groove 18 is connected to the positioning groove 2, and the bottom of the other end is provided with a through drainage tube channel hole for the drainage tube to pass through and connect to the intracranial cavity. The drainage tube is smoothly bent at 90 degrees to the puncture position to prevent the drainage tube from being kinked and causing obstruction of shunt. The inlay 12 is provided with a spare channel hole 19 that passes through both the inside and outside, which is connected to the intracranial drainage channel. When the drainage tube is blocked, there is no need to open the skull. The spare interface can be percutaneously punctured with a puncture needle at the bedside to establish temporary external drainage and avoid acute hydrocephalus or even brain herniation. The spare channel hole 19 can also be used as a channel for intracranial drug injection or as a channel for puncture and implantation of ICP (intracranial pressure) probes to detect intracranial pressure.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the fixing component 3 is a fixing buckle integrally formed with the artificial bone plate. The fixing buckle includes a buckle arm with a certain elasticity. The end of the buckle arm has a protrusion facing the inside of the positioning groove to lock the edge of the shunt. The fixing buckle can deform slightly under pressure to allow the shunt to pass through, and returns to its original shape after the external force is released, generating sufficient clamping force on the shunt. The edge of the artificial bone plate 1 is provided with a mounting part for connecting to the skull. During installation, the artificial bone plate 1 is placed at the skull defect and fixed to the surrounding healthy skull using medical titanium nails or screws.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the artificial bone plate is made of PEEK material using 3D printing. PEEK material has excellent biocompatibility and is a superior choice for cranioplasty materials. Doctors can use the patient's preoperative CT scan data to create a precise 3D model of the skull defect on a computer, and based on this model, design an artificial bone plate that precisely matches the defect edges. This plate is then custom-manufactured using 3D printing, achieving a seamless fit between the implant and the patient's own tissue.

[0042] Of course, there may be other embodiments of this utility model. Without departing from the spirit and essence of this utility model, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications based on this utility model, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A skull repair device integrated with a cerebrospinal fluid shunt, characterized by: It includes an artificial bone plate for repairing skull defects; the outer surface of the artificial bone plate is provided with a positioning groove for accommodating a cerebrospinal fluid shunt, and a fixing component for fixing the shunt is provided in the positioning groove.

2. The integrated cranial prosthesis and cerebrospinal fluid shunt of claim 1, wherein: The artificial bone plate is divided into a main body and an inlay; the main body of the bone plate has a circular mounting hole in the middle; the inlay is circular and is installed in the mounting hole of the main body of the bone plate, and can rotate relative to the main body of the bone plate; the positioning groove is provided on the inlay.

3. The integrated cranial repair device with cerebrospinal fluid shunt of claim 2, wherein: The mounting hole of the bone plate body is provided with an annular overlapping groove on the outer periphery, and the insert body is provided with an annular flange extending radially on the outer periphery, the annular flange being adapted to the annular overlapping groove; it also includes at least three micro locking screws, which are used to lock the insert body to the bone plate body after rotating it into place.

4. The integrated cranial repair device with cerebrospinal fluid shunt of claim 3, wherein: The flange of the inlay is provided with an annular nail groove.

5. The integrated cranial bone repair device with cerebrospinal fluid shunt of claim 3, wherein: The mounting holes of the main body of the bone plate are marked with circumferential angle scales, and the inlay is marked with positioning marks.

6. The integrated cranial bone repair device with cerebrospinal fluid shunt of claim 2, wherein: The inlay is provided with a guide groove for guiding the drainage tube, and one end of the guide groove is connected to the positioning groove.

7. The integrated cranial bone repair device with cerebrospinal fluid shunt of claim 2, wherein: The inlay has a spare channel hole that runs through both the inside and outside.

8. The integrated cranial bone repair device with cerebrospinal fluid shunt of claim 1, wherein: The fixing component is a fixing buckle integrally formed with the artificial bone plate.

9. The integrated cranial bone repair device with cerebrospinal fluid shunt of claim 1, wherein: The edge of the artificial bone plate is provided with a mounting part for connecting to the skull.

10. The integrated cranial bone repair device with cerebrospinal fluid shunt of claim 1, wherein: The artificial bone plate is made of PEEK material by 3D printing.

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