Emergency deacidification system for a reaction column

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of emergency deacidification systems of reaction tower, including the rotary atomizer being arranged at the top of reaction tower and the two-fluid spray gun being annularly arranged on the lateral wall of reaction tower, rotary atomizer is connected with lime milk distribution system, vibration sensor and temperature sensor are equipped on rotary atomizer, vibration sensor and temperature sensor are connected with emergency control module, two-fluid spray gun includes upper, middle, lower three layers, two-fluid spray gun is connected with NaOH distribution system, emergency control module is connected with rotary atomizer, two-fluid spray gun, NaOH distribution system, lime milk distribution system.The utility model discloses the emergency deacidification system of reaction tower, by vibration and temperature sensor real-time monitoring rotary atomizer state, emergency control module is automatically switched to two-fluid spray gun system according to abnormal signal, significantly improve deacidification reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of waste incineration flue gas treatment technology, and in particular to an emergency deacidification system for a reaction tower. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, acid removal from waste incineration flue gas mostly employs semi-dry spray reactors: the flue gas temperature from the waste heat boiler is 190-240℃, entering the semi-dry spray reactor from the top. Slaked lime slurry is evenly sprayed into the reactor via an atomizer, reacting with acidic gases such as HCl, HF, and SO2 in the hot flue gas. The sprayed liquid evaporates, cooling the flue gas to 140-160℃. The reaction product is a dry powder, discharged from the bottom of the reactor, and the deacidified flue gas exits from the reactor's flue gas outlet.

[0003] Semi-dry spray atomization typically utilizes a high-speed rotating atomizing disc. Over long-term use, this disc can experience wear and tear, nozzle wear, bearing damage, and blockages in the lime slurry pipes, leading to inadequate acid gas treatment and the risk of exceeding emission limits. Current technologies determine the rotating atomizing disc's operational status by detecting the concentration of acidic substances in the flue gas exiting the reaction tower, which introduces a time lag. Furthermore, when the rotating atomizer malfunctions and stops operating, the furnace must be shut down for maintenance. To avoid disrupting normal operations, semi-dry spray reaction towers in waste incineration systems often employ a "one-in-use, one-out-of-service" design, resulting in higher costs. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an emergency deacidification system for reaction towers to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is achieved as follows: An emergency deacidification system for a reaction tower includes a rotary sprayer installed at the top of the reaction tower and two-fluid spray guns arranged around the side wall of the reaction tower. The rotary sprayer is connected to a slaked lime slurry distribution system. The rotary sprayer is equipped with a vibration sensor and a temperature sensor, which are connected to an emergency control module. The two-fluid spray guns include upper, middle, and lower layers and are connected to a NaOH distribution system. The emergency control module is connected to the rotary sprayer, the two-fluid spray guns, the NaOH distribution system, and the slaked lime slurry distribution system.

[0006] This utility model's emergency deacidification system for reaction towers achieves dual deacidification protection through a combination of a top rotary sprayer and three layers of two-fluid spray guns on the side walls. The rotary sprayer, as the primary deacidification device, achieves efficient deacidification using quicklime slurry. The emergency control module monitors the rotary sprayer's operating status in real time using vibration and temperature sensors. If any abnormality occurs (such as vibration exceeding a threshold or a continuous rise in bearing temperature), the rotary sprayer and quicklime slurry distribution system are stopped, facilitating maintenance of the rotary sprayer. Simultaneously, the NaOH distribution system and two-fluid spray guns are activated to perform emergency deacidification using NaOH solution. This dual-system linkage significantly improves the reliability of the deacidification process and the speed of emergency response. Furthermore, the layered arrangement of the three layers of two-fluid spray guns covers different height areas within the reaction tower, ensuring sufficient contact between the deacidifying agent and acidic gas, and avoiding incomplete localized deacidification.

[0007] As a further improvement of this utility model, the NaOH batching system includes a concentrated alkali solution storage module, a concentrated alkali solution conveying module, a dilute alkali solution preparation module, a dilute alkali solution storage module, and a dilute alkali solution conveying module connected in sequence. An emergency control module is connected to the dilute alkali solution conveying module, which realizes precise control of the alkali solution concentration, ensures that the emergency spray gun can quickly output the dilute alkali solution with the best reaction concentration, avoid pipeline blockage, and improve deacidification efficiency.

[0008] As a further improvement of this invention, a heat exchange jacket is provided outside the dilute alkali solution conveying module. The heat exchange jacket is connected to the flue gas outlet of the reaction tower. The waste heat of the flue gas at the reaction tower outlet (140-160℃) is used to preheat the dilute alkali solution to 40-50℃, improving the atomization effect (the atomized particle size can be reduced by 20%) and reducing compressed air energy consumption. As a further improvement of this invention, an acid gas concentration detection device is provided at the flue gas outlet of the reaction tower. The acid gas concentration detection device is connected to the emergency control module, which is in turn connected to the dilute alkali solution preparation module. Through the linkage between the outlet acid gas concentration detection device and the emergency control module, the concentration of the dilute alkali solution is dynamically adjusted. When the acid gas concentration increases, the concentration of the dilute alkali solution is automatically increased (up to 12%); when the concentration decreases, it is reduced to 6%-8%, thus avoiding alkali waste and ensuring that the deacidification meets the standards.

[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model, each layer of two-fluid spray guns is arranged at a staggered 45° angle, with the upper and middle layer two-fluid spray guns tilted towards the top of the tower and the lower layer two-fluid spray guns tilted towards the bottom of the tower, forming a three-dimensional cross-coverage, eliminating spray dead angles, enhancing gas-liquid mixing turbulence, and improving the uniformity of the deacidification reaction.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model, the nozzle of the two-fluid spray gun is provided with a detachable wear-resistant ceramic bushing, which reduces the wear of the nozzle by alkaline scouring and particulate matter in the flue gas, extends the service life of the equipment, and the detachable design facilitates quick replacement, reducing maintenance costs and downtime. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the emergency deacidification system for the reaction tower of this utility model.

[0012] The system includes: 1. slaked lime slurry distribution system; 2. rotary sprayer; 3. NaOH distribution system; 3-1 concentrated alkali solution storage module; 3-2 concentrated alkali solution delivery module; 3-3 dilute alkali solution preparation module; 3-4 dilute alkali solution storage module; 3-5 dilute alkali solution delivery module; 4. two-fluid spray gun; 5. vibration sensor; 6. temperature sensor; 7. emergency control module; and 8. acid gas concentration detection device. Detailed Implementation

[0013] like Figure 1 The emergency deacidification system for the reaction tower shown includes a rotary sprayer 2 installed at the top of the reaction tower and two-fluid spray guns 4 arranged around the side walls of the reaction tower. The rotary sprayer 2 is connected to the lime slurry distribution system 1, and the two-fluid spray guns 4 are connected to the NaOH distribution system 3. The rotary sprayer 2 is equipped with a vibration sensor 5 and a temperature sensor 6, which are connected to an emergency control module 7. The emergency control module 7 is connected to the rotary sprayer 2, the two-fluid spray guns 4, the NaOH distribution system 3, and the lime slurry distribution system 1.

[0014] The NaOH batching system comprises a concentrated alkali solution storage module 3-1, a concentrated alkali solution conveying module 3-2, a dilute alkali solution preparation module 3-3, a dilute alkali solution storage module 3-4, and a dilute alkali solution conveying module 3-5, connected in sequence. An emergency control module 7 is connected to the dilute alkali solution conveying module 3-5. This system enables precise control of the alkali solution concentration, ensuring that the emergency spray gun can quickly output the optimal concentration of dilute alkali solution, preventing pipe blockage and improving deacidification efficiency. The dilute alkali solution conveying module 3-5 is equipped with a heat exchange jacket connected to the flue gas outlet of the reaction tower. It utilizes the waste heat (140-160℃) of the flue gas at the reaction tower outlet to preheat the dilute alkali solution to 40-50℃, improving atomization (reducing atomized particle size by 20%) and lowering compressed air energy consumption.

[0015] The two-fluid spray gun 4 consists of three layers: upper, middle, and lower. Each layer of the two-fluid spray gun 4 is arranged at a staggered 45° angle, with the upper and middle layers tilted towards the top of the tower and the lower layer tilted towards the bottom, forming a three-dimensional cross-coverage that eliminates spray dead zones, enhances gas-liquid mixing turbulence, and improves the uniformity of the deacidification reaction. The nozzle of the two-fluid spray gun 4 is equipped with a detachable wear-resistant ceramic bushing, which reduces the wear of the nozzle by alkaline solution scouring and particulate matter in the flue gas, extends the equipment life, and the detachable design facilitates quick replacement, reducing maintenance costs and downtime.

[0016] An acid gas concentration detection device 8 is installed at the flue gas outlet of the reaction tower. The acid gas concentration detection device 8 is connected to an emergency control module 7, which in turn is connected to a dilute alkali solution preparation module 3-3. Through the linkage between the outlet acid gas concentration detection device 8 and the emergency control module 7, the concentration of the dilute alkali solution is dynamically adjusted. When the acid gas concentration increases, the concentration of the dilute alkali solution is automatically increased (up to 12%); when the concentration decreases, it is reduced to 6%-8%, thus avoiding alkali waste while ensuring that the deacidification meets the standards.

[0017] The emergency deacidification system for the reaction tower in this embodiment achieves dual deacidification protection through a "top rotary sprayer + three-layer two-fluid spray guns on the side walls". The rotary sprayer 2, as the main deacidification equipment, achieves efficient deacidification using quicklime slurry. The emergency control module 7 monitors the operating status of the rotary sprayer 2 in real time through vibration sensors 5 and temperature sensors 6. If any abnormality occurs (such as vibration exceeding a threshold or continuous increase in bearing temperature), the rotary sprayer 2 and the quicklime slurry distribution system 1 are stopped, facilitating maintenance of the rotary sprayer 2. Simultaneously, the NaOH distribution system 3 and the two-fluid spray guns 4 are activated to perform emergency deacidification using NaOH solution. This dual-system linkage significantly improves the reliability of the deacidification process and the speed of emergency response. Furthermore, the layered arrangement of the three-layer two-fluid spray guns 4 covers different height areas within the reaction tower, ensuring sufficient contact between the deacidifying agent and the acidic gas, avoiding incomplete local deacidification.

[0018] This utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Based on the technical solutions disclosed in this utility model, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some of the technical features without creative labor, and these substitutions and modifications are all within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An emergency deacidification system for a reaction tower, characterized in that, The system includes a rotary sprayer mounted at the top of the reaction tower and two-fluid spray guns arranged around the side walls of the reaction tower. The rotary sprayer is connected to the slaked lime slurry distribution system. The rotary sprayer is equipped with vibration and temperature sensors, which are connected to an emergency control module. The two-fluid spray guns consist of upper, middle, and lower layers and are connected to the NaOH distribution system. The emergency control module is connected to the rotary sprayer, the two-fluid spray guns, the NaOH distribution system, and the slaked lime slurry distribution system.

2. The emergency deacidification system for the reaction tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The NaOH distribution system includes a concentrated alkali solution storage module, a concentrated alkali solution delivery module, a dilute alkali solution preparation module, and a dilute alkali solution storage module connected in sequence. The emergency control module is connected to the dilute alkali solution delivery module.

3. The emergency deacidification system for the reaction tower according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dilute alkali solution conveying module is equipped with a heat exchange jacket, which is connected to the flue gas outlet of the reaction tower.

4. The emergency deacidification system for the reaction tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reaction tower is equipped with an acid gas concentration detection device at the flue gas outlet. The acid gas concentration detection device is connected to the emergency control module, which is connected to the dilute alkali solution preparation module.

5. The emergency deacidification system for the reaction tower according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The two-fluid spray guns in each layer are arranged at a staggered 45° angle, with the upper and middle layer spray guns tilted towards the top of the tower and the lower layer spray guns tilted towards the bottom of the tower.

6. The emergency deacidification system for the reaction tower according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The nozzle of the two-fluid spray gun is equipped with a detachable wear-resistant ceramic bushing.

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