Anti-overturning device for bridge deck crane

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of anti-overturning devices of bridge deck crane, it relates to bridge deck crane technical field, the anti-overturning device of this bridge deck crane, including counterweight track being installed in the chassis both sides of machine body, counterweight mechanism is arranged on the counterweight track and can slide along track, and the automatic movement of counterweight mechanism is realized by drive mechanism, to adjust the gravity center distribution of whole machine according to the change of crane boom load of machine body.The utility model is automatically slid by setting counterweight mechanism and multistage safety locking structure, realize the dynamic adjustment and accurate balance of the gravity center of whole machine during the operation of bridge deck crane, improve anti-overturning ability, especially suitable for complex working conditions, such as high load, large-span bridge construction efficient operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of bridge deck crane technology, and in particular to an anti-tipping device for a bridge deck crane. Background Technology

[0002] In modern bridge construction, especially in the segmental assembly of long-span continuous beam bridges, cable-stayed bridges, or bridges spanning rivers or seas, bridge cranes, as key lifting equipment, often operate under complex conditions such as high altitudes, long booms, and asymmetrical loads. Under these conditions, cranes are highly susceptible to generating large overturning moments due to factors such as boom extension, eccentric loading, or wind loads. Once the center of gravity becomes unstable, it can easily lead to a complete overturning accident, causing significant casualties and economic losses.

[0003] Currently, most traditional bridge deck cranes use fixed counterweights, whose weight and position cannot be dynamically adjusted according to working conditions. This results in excessive counterweights during light loads or slewing operations, and insufficient counterweights during heavy loads, making it difficult to achieve optimal balance. Of course, some equipment is equipped with adjustable counterweights, but the adjustment method relies on manual or semi-automatic operation, which has a slow response, poor synchronization, and lacks effective locking and limiting mechanisms, posing safety hazards. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides an anti-tipping device for a bridge deck crane, including counterweight rails installed on both sides of the machine chassis. The counterweight rails are equipped with counterweight mechanisms that can slide along the rails, and the counterweight mechanisms are automatically moved by a drive mechanism to adjust the overall center of gravity distribution of the machine according to the changes in the load of the crane boom.

[0005] Preferably, the counterweight mechanism includes a counterweight seat that is slidably disposed in the counterweight track, and a bottom counterweight block is placed inside the counterweight seat. The lower part of the bottom counterweight block passes through a through hole opened at the bottom of the counterweight seat and protrudes outside the counterweight seat.

[0006] Preferably, the bottom of the bottom counterweight is equipped with an electromagnetic adsorption device, which fixes the bottom counterweight to the counterweight track after it reaches the designated position.

[0007] Preferably, a back plate is fixedly provided on one side of the counterweight seat, and several partitions are provided on one side of the back plate. An adjustable counterweight is placed on each partition, and the internal filling material of the adjustable counterweight is dynamically increased or decreased according to the lifting requirements.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of through slots are provided on one side of the back plate, and the through slots correspond to the positions of the adjustable counterweights.

[0009] Preferably, mechanical limiters are installed on both sides of the counterweight. When the counterweight approaches the limit position, a signal is triggered to force the counterweight to stop moving.

[0010] Preferably, a slot is provided on the other side of the counterweight base, and a limiting plate is inserted into the slot. The limiting plate is fixed in the slot by bolts.

[0011] Preferably, the counterweight track has two sets of sliding grooves, and the two sides of the bottom of the counterweight seat slide in the two sets of sliding grooves respectively. A drain outlet is provided in the middle of the counterweight track.

[0012] Preferably, the drive mechanism includes a pair of reciprocating lead screws, which rotate on both sides of two sets of counterweight tracks. One end of each reciprocating lead screw is connected to a synchronous pulley, and a synchronous belt is sleeved between the two synchronous pulleys. One of the synchronous pulleys is driven by a motor, and the pair of reciprocating lead screws are threaded to the bottom of the two sets of counterweight seats.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the machine body is equipped with a controller, which controls the drive mechanism to operate the reciprocating lead screw and thereby adjust the position of the counterweight.

[0014] This utility model provides an anti-tipping device for a bridge crane, which, compared with the prior art:

[0015] 1. This utility model achieves dynamic adjustment of the center of gravity of the entire machine by setting counterweight rails on both sides of the machine chassis and configuring an automatically sliding counterweight mechanism. When the boom is extended or lifted, the controller drives the reciprocating screw to move the counterweight seat along the rail according to the real-time load data, so that the counterweight block slides in the opposite direction, effectively offsetting the overturning moment caused by the off-center load. In particular, the bottom counterweight block passes through the counterweight seat and is locked to the rail by an electromagnetic adsorption device, which significantly enhances the connection rigidity and anti-slip capability of the counterweight system, greatly improves the stability of the crane under heavy load and large boom conditions, and fundamentally reduces the risk of overturning.

[0016] 2. This utility model adopts a modular counterweight design, with a back plate and partition structure on the counterweight base. Adjustable counterweight blocks can be flexibly added or removed, and their internal filling material can be adjusted to achieve precise matching of the counterweight mass. Simultaneously, the synchronous belt and double reciprocating screw linkage structure ensure synchronous movement of the counterweight bases on both sides, avoiding uneven loading. Detailed designs such as mechanical limiters, limit plates, and drainage outlets further enhance the safety and reliability of the system operation. This multi-level anti-tipping mechanism not only responds quickly and controls precisely, but also adapts to complex construction environments, making it particularly suitable for bridge hoisting projects with high precision and safety requirements, thus improving the safety and efficiency of equipment operation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a side view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the limiting plate and other components according to an embodiment of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a structural breakdown diagram of the counterweight base and bottom counterweight block according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic adsorption device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the reciprocating lead screw structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a top view schematic diagram of the counterweight track structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the synchronous belt, synchronous pulley, and other structures in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0026] Figure label:

[0027] 1. Body; 2. Controller; 3. Counterweight rail; 4. Slide groove; 5. Drain outlet; 6. Reciprocating lead screw; 7. Synchronous pulley; 8. Synchronous belt; 9. Counterweight seat; 10. Back plate; 11. Partition plate; 12. Slot; 13. Bottom counterweight block; 14. Electromagnetic adsorption device; 15. Adjustable counterweight block; 16. Mechanical limiter; 17. Limiting plate; 18. Through groove. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, outlines some embodiments of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2This utility model embodiment provides an anti-tipping device for a bridge deck crane, including counterweight rails 3 symmetrically installed on both sides of the chassis 1 of the bridge deck crane. Each counterweight rail 3 is arranged along the extension direction of the body 1, i.e. the boom, and its length covers the middle and rear area of ​​the body 1, and is used to guide the back and forth sliding of the counterweight seat 9.

[0030] like Figure 7 As shown, the counterweight track 3 has two sets of sliding grooves 4 inside, located on the left and right sides of the counterweight track 3 respectively. The bottom sides of the counterweight seat 9 are provided with matching sliders or roller structures, which are embedded in the two sets of sliding grooves 4 respectively to achieve smooth sliding.

[0031] In addition, a drain outlet 5 is provided in the middle of the counterweight track 3 to drain rainwater or construction sewage accumulated inside the counterweight track 3, prevent water accumulation from corroding the track structure or affecting the sliding performance of the counterweight seat 9, and improve the reliability of the device in rainy or snowy weather or humid environments.

[0032] During the crane installation phase, the counterweight rail 3 is first fixed to both sides of the chassis of the machine body 1 by high-strength bolts or welding to ensure its levelness and symmetry, and check that there are no foreign objects in the chute 4 and that the drain outlet 5 is unobstructed.

[0033] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the counterweight mechanism includes a counterweight seat 9, which is slidably installed in the groove 4 of the counterweight track 3 via a bottom slider, and can move back and forth along the counterweight track 3 under the action of the drive mechanism.

[0034] A bottom counterweight 13 is placed inside the counterweight base 9. The bottom counterweight 13 is made of cast iron or concrete and its weight is designed to be 2 to 5 tons depending on the crane tonnage. Its lower part protrudes from the through hole opened at the bottom of the counterweight base 9 and is exposed outside the counterweight base 9, forming a "suspended" connection structure, which enhances the overall center of gravity downward effect and improves stability.

[0035] An electromagnetic adsorption device 14 is installed on the bottom surface of the bottom counterweight 13. The electromagnetic adsorption device 14 is a DC electromagnet, which can generate a strong magnetic force when energized, and adsorb onto the metal substrate of the counterweight track 3. When the counterweight seat 9 slides to the target position, the controller 2 automatically activates the electromagnetic adsorption device 14 to lock it firmly and prevent it from slipping under strong wind or vibration conditions.

[0036] To adapt to different lifting conditions, a back plate 10 is fixedly installed on one side of the counterweight seat 9. The back plate 10 is perpendicular to the side of the counterweight seat 9 and has several partitions 11 installed on it, dividing the back plate 10 into multiple independent installation cavities.

[0037] Each installation cavity contains an adjustable weight 15, which is a hollow metal shell that can be filled with materials such as water, sand, or metal particles. Its mass can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the filling material. For example, under light load conditions, only some sand can be filled, while under heavy load conditions, it can be completely filled and sealed.

[0038] To facilitate the removal of the adjustable weight 15, a through slot 18 is provided on the back plate 10 corresponding to the position of each adjustable weight 15, and the operator can push out the adjustable weight 15 through the through slot 18.

[0039] Based on the lifting weight and boom length of the construction task, the required total counterweight mass is calculated, and the mass adjustment is completed by injecting or removing filler into the adjustable counterweight block 15.

[0040] To prevent the counterweight 9 from sliding beyond its limit, mechanical limit switches 16 are installed on both sides of the counterweight 9. These are limit switches or proximity switches. When the counterweight 9 approaches the extreme positions at both ends of the track, the mechanical limit switches 16 trigger a signal, which is fed back to the controller 2, forcing the drive mechanism to stop running.

[0041] In addition, a slot 12 is provided on the other side of the counterweight base 9 for inserting a limiting plate 17. The limiting plate 17 is a steel plate structure and is fixed in the slot 12 by bolts to prevent the adjustable counterweight 15 from falling off.

[0042] like Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the drive mechanism includes a pair of reciprocating screws 6, which are rotatably mounted on the outside of the two sets of counterweight rails 3. Each reciprocating screw 6 is a ball screw structure, which has high transmission efficiency and low wear characteristics.

[0043] Each reciprocating lead screw 6 has a synchronous pulley 7 connected to one end. The two synchronous pulleys 7 are connected by a synchronous belt 8 to form a synchronous transmission system. One synchronous pulley 7 is driven by a servo motor. When the motor rotates, it drives the other synchronous pulley 7 to rotate synchronously through the synchronous belt 8, thereby ensuring that the two reciprocating lead screws 6 rotate synchronously. The synchronous pulley 7 and the synchronous belt 8 are meshed.

[0044] The reciprocating screw 6 is threadedly connected to the nut at the bottom of the counterweight 9. When the reciprocating screw 6 rotates, the counterweight 9 moves along the axial direction of the reciprocating screw 6, thus achieving back-and-forth sliding.

[0045] A controller 2 is installed at the bottom of the machine body 1. It is a PLC or embedded control system that receives real-time data from the boom angle sensor, load sensor and position sensor, calculates the optimal counterweight position, and controls the servo motor to drive the reciprocating screw 6.

[0046] In summary, the counterweight rail 3 is installed and the chute 4 is kept clear. The counterweight seat 9 is assembled, and the bottom counterweight block 13 and electromagnetic adsorption device 14 are installed. According to the lifting requirements, the filling mass of the adjustable counterweight block 15 is adjusted through the through groove 18. Mechanical limiters 16 and limit plates 17 are set as safety protection. When the crane is operating, the controller 2 collects the working condition data in real time and automatically drives the reciprocating screw 6 to move the counterweight seat 9 back and forth to dynamically adjust the center of gravity. After the counterweight seat 9 is in place, the electromagnetic adsorption device 14 automatically locks to ensure stable operation.

[0047] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An anti-tipping device for a bridge deck crane, characterized in that: It includes counterweight rails (3) installed on both sides of the chassis of the machine body (1). The counterweight rails (3) are equipped with counterweight mechanisms that can slide along the rails, and the counterweight mechanisms are automatically moved by the drive mechanism to adjust the center of gravity distribution of the whole machine according to the changes in the boom load of the machine body (1).

2. The anti-tipping device for a bridge deck crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The counterweight mechanism includes a counterweight seat (9) that is slidably disposed in the counterweight track (3). A bottom counterweight block (13) is placed inside the counterweight seat (9). The lower part of the bottom counterweight block (13) passes through the through hole opened at the bottom of the counterweight seat (9) and is exposed outside the counterweight seat (9).

3. The anti-tipping device for the bridge deck crane according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom counterweight (13) is equipped with an electromagnetic adsorption device (14). When the bottom counterweight (13) reaches the designated position, it is fixed to the counterweight track (3) by the electromagnetic adsorption device (14).

4. The anti-tipping device for the bridge deck crane according to claim 3, characterized in that: A back plate (10) is fixedly provided on one side of the counterweight seat (9), and a number of partitions (11) are provided on one side of the back plate (10). An adjustable counterweight (15) is placed on each partition (11), and the internal filling material of the adjustable counterweight (15) is dynamically increased or decreased according to the lifting requirements.

5. The anti-tipping device for a bridge deck crane according to claim 4, characterized in that: The back plate (10) has several through slots (18) on one side, and the through slots (18) correspond to the positions of the adjustable counterweights (15).

6. The anti-tipping device for a bridge deck crane according to claim 5, characterized in that: Mechanical limiters (16) are installed on both sides of the counterweight (9). When the counterweight (9) approaches the limit position, a signal is triggered to force the counterweight (9) to stop moving.

7. The anti-tipping device for a bridge deck crane according to claim 6, characterized in that: The counterweight (9) has a slot (12) on the other side, and a limiting plate (17) is inserted into the slot (12). The limiting plate (17) is fixed in the slot (12) by bolts.

8. The anti-tipping device for a bridge deck crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The counterweight track (3) has two sets of sliding grooves (4), and the two sides of the bottom of the counterweight seat (9) slide in the two sets of sliding grooves (4) respectively. A drain outlet (5) is provided in the middle of the counterweight track (3).

9. The anti-tipping device for a bridge deck crane according to claim 8, characterized in that: The drive mechanism includes a pair of reciprocating lead screws (6), which rotate on both sides of two sets of counterweight tracks (3). One end of each reciprocating lead screw (6) is connected to a synchronous pulley (7), and a synchronous belt (8) is sleeved between the two synchronous pulleys (7). One of the synchronous pulleys (7) is driven by a motor, and the pair of reciprocating lead screws (6) are threaded to the bottom of the two sets of counterweight seats (9).

10. The anti-tipping device for a bridge deck crane according to claim 9, characterized in that: The bottom of the body (1) is equipped with a controller (2), which controls the drive mechanism to operate the reciprocating screw (6) and thereby adjust the position of the counterweight (9).

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