Tunnel access chamber protection door

Abstract

The utility model relates to tunnel protective door technical field provides a tunnel passageway cavern protective door, including door body, and the door body includes: protective layer, fire -retardant heat insulating layer, function layer and safety module, and the protective layer sets up at the outside of door body, function layer sets up at the inside of door body, and fire -retardant heat insulating layer sets up between the protective layer and function layer, and safety module sets up in the door body, and the detachable connection of protective layer, fire -retardant heat insulating layer, function layer and safety module, and the connecting place fills sealant, the protective door of the utility model adopts four layer compound modularization design, solved the traditional protective door single structure, the problem such as insufficient compression resistance, through the connecting place filling sealant, not only improved the sealing property of protective door, played the effect of smoke dust prevention, improved the security, through the detachable connection mode between the protective layer, fire -retardant heat insulating layer, function layer and safety module, it is convenient according to different needs to adjust each layer material or maintain replacement, improved the flexibility and maintenance efficiency of system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel protection door technology, and in particular to a tunnel passage chamber protection door. Background Technology

[0002] According to relevant standards such as the "Code for Fire Protection Design of Railway Engineering", when the length of a tunnel exceeds a certain range, cross passages and protective doors for equipment chambers must be installed inside the tunnel. Tunnel protective doors are important for protecting equipment in the chambers, ensuring smooth communication, facilitating emergency rescue and evacuation, and creating escape conditions for people inside the tunnel in case of disasters.

[0003] When used in tunnel evacuation passages or ventilation ducts, the protective doors have strict requirements for safety, high strength and pressure resistance, rapid opening and closing, fire prevention and smoke prevention. However, traditional protective doors have problems such as simple structure and insufficient pressure resistance. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides a protective door for tunnel passage chambers to solve the defects of poor security in existing protective doors.

[0005] This utility model provides a protective door for a tunnel passage chamber, comprising:

[0006] The door body includes:

[0007] A protective layer is provided on the outside of the door.

[0008] The functional layer is located on the inner side of the door body;

[0009] A fireproof and heat-insulating layer is disposed between the protective layer and the functional layer;

[0010] A safety module is installed on the door body. The protective layer, the fireproof and heat-insulating layer, the functional layer and the safety module are detachably connected, and the connection is filled with sealant.

[0011] The tunnel passage chamber protection door provided by this utility model also includes:

[0012] Door frame embedded parts, which are embedded in the tunnel wall;

[0013] A door frame, which is connected to the door frame embedded parts.

[0014] According to the tunnel passage protective door provided by this utility model, the door body is equipped with a drive mechanism and multiple locking devices, each of the locking devices comprising:

[0015] A keyhole is located on the door frame;

[0016] A locking pin is movably disposed on the door body along the axial direction and can be inserted into or disengaged from the lock hole. The driving mechanism can act on multiple locking pins simultaneously to drive multiple locking pins to move synchronously.

[0017] According to the tunnel passage chamber protection door provided by this utility model, the functional layer is a dustproof filter layer.

[0018] According to the tunnel passage protective door provided by this utility model, the safety module is a ventilation adjustment module, including:

[0019] A ventilation grille is detachably connected to a mounting groove in the middle of the door body;

[0020] The filter element is located inside the ventilation grille.

[0021] According to the tunnel passage protective door provided by this utility model, a pressure sensor is installed inside the door frame to detect the wind pressure inside and outside the passage.

[0022] According to the tunnel passage chamber protection door provided by this utility model, the functional layer is a smoke-proof sealing layer.

[0023] According to the tunnel passage chamber protection door provided by this utility model, the safety module is an emergency indication module, including:

[0024] An LED indicator screen is embedded in the mounting groove of the smoke-proof sealing layer and is used to dynamically indicate the path.

[0025] A circuit module is installed inside the door, and the circuit module is electrically connected to the LED indicator screen.

[0026] According to the tunnel passage protective door provided by this utility model, the edge of the door frame is provided with an elastic smoke-proof strip.

[0027] The tunnel passage chamber protective door provided by this utility model also includes an emergency lighting lamp, which is embedded in the mounting groove of the smoke-proof sealing layer, and the emergency lighting lamp is electrically connected to the circuit module.

[0028] This utility model provides a tunnel passage chamber protection door, including a door body comprising: a protective layer, a fireproof and heat-insulating layer, a functional layer, and a safety module. The protective layer is located on the outside of the door body; the functional layer is located on the inside of the door body; the fireproof and heat-insulating layer is located between the protective layer and the functional layer; and the safety module is located on the door body. The protective layer, fireproof and heat-insulating layer, functional layer, and safety module are detachably connected. This utility model's protection door adopts a four-layer composite modular design, solving the problems of traditional protection doors having a single structure and insufficient pressure resistance. By placing the protective layer on the outside of the door body, it can withstand external pressure, enhancing safety. By filling the joints with sealant, it not only improves the sealing performance of the protection door, achieving smoke and dust prevention, but also enhances safety. The detachable connection between the protective layer, fireproof and heat-insulating layer, functional layer, and safety module facilitates adjustment of the material of each layer or maintenance and replacement according to different needs, improving the system's flexibility and maintenance efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a top view of the door in the passageway provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a front view of a tunnel passage chamber protection door provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a top view of the door in a passageway chamber provided in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a front view of a tunnel passage chamber protection door provided in another embodiment of this utility model.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the door frame embedded part provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0035] Figure label:

[0036] 1. Door body; 2. Door frame; 3. Embedded parts of door frame; 4. Chain. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0038] The following is combined Figures 1-5 This utility model describes a protective door for a tunnel passage chamber.

[0039] This utility model embodiment provides a tunnel passage chamber protection door, including a door body 1. The door body 1 includes a protective layer, a fireproof and heat-insulating layer, a functional layer, and a safety module. The protective layer is disposed on the outside of the door body 1; the functional layer is disposed on the inside of the door body 1; the fireproof and heat-insulating layer is disposed between the protective layer and the functional layer; and the safety module is disposed on the door body 1. The protective layer, fireproof and heat-insulating layer, functional layer, and safety module are detachably connected, and the connection is filled with sealant.

[0040] As can be seen from the above scheme, the protective door of this utility model adopts a four-layer composite modular design, which solves the problems of traditional protective doors having a single structure and insufficient pressure resistance. The protective layer is set on the outside of the door body 1 to withstand the pressure from the outside and enhance safety. By filling the joints with sealant, the sealing performance of the protective door is improved, which not only achieves the effect of smoke and dust prevention, but also improves safety. The detachable connection between the protective layer, fireproof and heat-insulating layer, functional layer and safety module makes it easy to adjust the material of each layer or to maintain and replace it according to different needs, which improves the flexibility and maintenance efficiency of the system.

[0041] Optionally, the protective layer, functional layer, and fireproof and heat-insulating layer can be assembled by connecting them with high-strength bolts after being transported to the site, and the joints can be filled with sealant to ensure that the airtightness error is ≤2mm.

[0042] In this embodiment, it also includes: a door frame embedded part 3 and a door frame 2. The door frame embedded part 3 is embedded in the tunnel wall, and the door frame 2 is connected to the door frame embedded part 3. In this way, it is ensured that the door frame 2 can be firmly set in the concrete wall of the tunnel. The door frame 2 and the door frame embedded part 3 can be fixed together by bolts. In addition, the door frame 2 and the door frame embedded part 3 can also be fixed by welding, or fixed by both bolts and welding.

[0043] Preferably, the door frame embedded part 3 includes an anchor plate and an anchoring steel bar. The anchor plate is L-shaped and is connected to both sides of the door frame 2 to ensure the connection strength between the anchor plate and the door frame 2. The anchoring steel bar is embedded in the concrete wall at an angle to suit situations where the wall thickness is less than the length of the anchoring steel bar.

[0044] In this embodiment, the door body 1 is provided with a drive mechanism and multiple locking devices for locking the tunnel protection door and controlling the opening or closing of the protection door. Each locking device includes a lock hole and a locking pin. The lock hole is provided in the door frame 2. The locking pin is axially movable in the door body 1 and can be inserted into or disengaged from the lock hole. The drive mechanism can act on multiple locking pins simultaneously to drive multiple locking pins to move synchronously.

[0045] Optionally, the multiple locking devices can be a six-point linkage locking type or a five-point linkage locking type, including a main locking point (center locking point) located near the door handle, and auxiliary locking points (four or five) distributed at the upper and lower ends and sides of the door body 1. The main locking point and other auxiliary locking points can be connected by a linkage transmission. When the door handle is turned manually, the linkage drives all locking points to move synchronously. Alternatively, it can be combined with an electric actuator such as a motor or hydraulic mechanism to achieve automated operation through remote control.

[0046] Optionally, the drive mechanism can be a linkage transmission mechanism, which connects multiple locking pins by installing a metal linkage or steel cable inside the door body 1. When the door handle is turned, the linkage drives all locking points to move synchronously. Alternatively, it can be a gear and rack transmission mechanism, which uses the cooperation of gears and racks to convert rotational motion into linear motion, pushing each locking point to extend or retract. The power source can be manually driven or an electric hydraulic pump.

[0047] Preferably, the system also includes an electrically controlled valve, such as a solenoid valve, which controls the flow of hydraulic oil via electrical signals, thereby driving the locking pin to move axially. The electric hydraulic pump can be started or stopped by a remote control signal. When an open or closed command is sent remotely, the control center sends an electrical signal to trigger the electro-hydraulic control valve to switch the direction of the hydraulic oil circuit, causing the hydraulic oil to push the piston, which in turn drives the locking pin to insert into or disengage from the lock hole. To achieve remote operation, a controller, such as a PLC or an industrial-grade microcontroller, can be installed near the door body 1 to receive remote commands and control the hydraulic mechanism. A wireless communication module, such as 4G / 5G or Wi-Fi, can be added to the controller to receive remote control signals and send remote commands via a mobile app, computer software, or a dedicated control terminal.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] A type of tunnel passage chamber protective door, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, this is applied to the ventilation chamber of a tunnel. The door body 1 includes a protective layer, a fireproof and heat-insulating layer, a functional layer, and a safety module. The protective layer is made of wind-pressure resistant steel plate, the fireproof and heat-insulating layer can be made of ceramic fiber, the functional layer is a dustproof filter layer, and the safety module is a ventilation adjustment module. During on-site installation, the various parts are connected by high-strength bolts, and the joints are filled with silicone-based sealant to ensure that the airtightness error is ≤2mm.

[0050] Furthermore, one side of the door 1 is movably connected to the door frame 2 via a hinge, and a chain 4 is provided between the tunnel wall and the door 1 near the movable connection point as an auxiliary or emergency fixing method for the locking device. That is, the chain 4 connects the door 1 to the tunnel wall. For example, the two ends of the chain 4 are respectively anchored to the door 1 reinforcement frame and the wall pre-embedded base. In extreme cases, the chain 4 can absorb some of the impact energy and prevent the door 1 from detaching from the tunnel wall.

[0051] In this embodiment, the door 1 is equipped with a five-point linkage locking device, which supports both electric and manual modes, and the unlocking response time is ≤3 seconds.

[0052] In this embodiment, the ventilation adjustment module includes a ventilation grille and a filter element. The ventilation grille is detachably connected to the mounting groove in the middle of the door body 1, and the filter element is disposed inside the ventilation grille.

[0053] Specifically, a ventilation grille installation groove is reserved in the middle of the door body 1. High-strength buckles or bolt fixing points are set in the groove, and the joints are filled with silicone sealant to ensure that the airtightness error is ≤2mm. Align the ventilation grille (containing the filter element) with the installation groove of the door body 1, push it horizontally into the buckle locking position, and tighten the fixing points with bolts to ensure that the grille is flush with the door body 1. When the filter element needs to be maintained, loosen the bolts and buckles, pull the grille horizontally out of the installation groove, replace the filter element or clean it, and then reinstall and seal the filter element.

[0054] In this embodiment, a pressure sensor is also installed inside the door frame 2 to detect the pressure difference inside and outside the air duct; an opening and closing angle sensor for the door body 1 is installed at the hinge joint between the door body 1 and the tunnel wall. An embedded controller can be used to receive sensor data such as wind pressure and the status of the door body 1, calculate the optimal opening and closing angle, and output control signals. The data is uploaded to the cloud platform in real time through an Internet of Things module (such as NB-IoT, 4G), supporting HTTP / MQTT protocol. The status of the door body 1, wind pressure curve, etc. can be displayed through the remote monitoring platform.

[0055] The opening angle of door 1 can be finely adjusted by hydraulically driven hinges, or by using ventilation grilles for adjustment. That is, electric louvers or sliding dampers can automatically adjust the opening ratio to adjust the opening angle of door 1 and the opening degree of ventilation grilles, thus ensuring a balance between sealing and ventilation inside the cave.

[0056] In this embodiment, the protective layer is 700mm thick and has a compressive strength ≥160MPa; the fireproof and heat-insulating layer is 350mm thick and has a fire resistance limit ≥90 minutes; the dustproof filter layer is 100mm thick and has a filtration efficiency ≥95%; and the ventilation adjustment module can achieve dynamic adjustment of wind speed from 0.5 to 12m / s.

[0057] Optionally, the total height of the protective door is 7000mm, the width is 2300mm, and the thickness of the door frame 2 is 1200mm, to meet the requirements of large cross-section air ducts.

[0058] The protective door provided in this embodiment for use in tunnel ventilation chambers has the following advantages:

[0059] 1. The gate body 1 adopts a multi-layer detachable connection method to achieve modular assembly, adapt to different tunnel sizes, facilitate transportation and on-site installation, improve construction efficiency, and facilitate later maintenance.

[0060] 2. Achieve a balance between ventilation and protection: filtration efficiency ≥95%, wind speed adjustment range 0.5-12m / s, adaptable to complex working conditions.

[0061] 3. Key support structures such as hinges and locking components are optimized at a ratio of 1:10, reducing the overall weight by 18% and achieving wind load resistance of ≥8 levels.

[0062] 4. Equipped with an IoT module, it supports remote monitoring and data feedback, with energy consumption ≤1kW, and is suitable for green tunnel operation requirements.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] A type of tunnel passage chamber protective door, such as Figures 3-4 As shown, this is applied to tunnel evacuation passage chambers. The door body 1 includes a protective layer, a fireproof and heat-insulating layer, a functional layer, and a safety module. The protective layer is made of high-strength steel plate, the fireproof and heat-insulating layer can be made of ceramic fiber, the functional layer is a smoke-proof sealing layer, and the safety module is an emergency indicator module. During on-site installation, the various parts are connected by high-strength bolts, and the joints are filled with fire-resistant sealant to ensure that the airtightness error is ≤2mm.

[0065] In this embodiment, the door 1 is equipped with a six-point linkage locking device, which supports both electric and manual modes, and the unlocking response time is ≤3 seconds.

[0066] In this embodiment, the safety module is an emergency indication module, including an LED indicator screen and a circuit module. The LED indicator screen is embedded in the mounting groove of the smoke-proof sealing layer and is used to display the evacuation route and safety status in real time. The circuit module is set inside the door 1 and is electrically connected to the LED indicator screen.

[0067] Preferably, it also includes an emergency lighting lamp, which is embedded in the mounting groove of the smoke-proof sealing layer and is electrically connected to the circuit module.

[0068] In one feasible embodiment, the LED indicator screen is embedded in the mounting groove of the smoke-proof sealing layer for dynamically displaying evacuation routes and safety status. The circuit module is integrated inside the door 1 to provide power and control signal transmission for the LED indicator screen and emergency lighting. The emergency lighting is embedded in parallel with the LED screen to provide emergency lighting and ensure visibility in dark environments.

[0069] Preferably, in the event of a fire or power outage, the circuit module automatically switches to a backup power source (such as a lithium battery), activates the LED indicator screen and lighting, receives instructions from the tunnel central control system or local sensors, and updates the indicator information in real time.

[0070] Furthermore, the edge of the door frame 2 is equipped with an elastic smoke-proof strip that can be embedded in the special grooves around the door frame 2. When the door is closed, it is tightly pressed against the edge of the door body 1. The smoke-proof strip can be made of graphite-based composite sealing material or silicone rubber + ceramic fiber reinforcement layer. It can withstand short-term high temperature of ≥1000℃ without deformation, and the compression rebound rate is ≥90%. It can adapt to the slight deformation between the door body 1 and the door frame 2. When heated, it expands in volume. When the door body 1 is deformed by heat, it ensures that the smoke-proof strip always fits the door body 1. This can solve the problem of sealing failure caused by the deformation of the door body 1 at high temperature and improve the fireproof and smoke-proof performance of the tunnel protection door.

[0071] In this embodiment, the protective layer is 700mm thick and has a compressive strength ≥160MPa; the fireproof and heat-insulating layer is 500mm thick and has a fire resistance limit ≥90 minutes; the dustproof filter layer is 350mm thick and has a smoke prevention efficiency ≥95%.

[0072] Optionally, the total height of the protective door is 10000mm, the width is 2300mm, and the thickness of the door frame 2 is 1700mm, which is suitable for the high-volume passage requirements of tunnel evacuation channels.

[0073] The protective door provided in this embodiment for use in tunnel evacuation passage chambers has the following advantages:

[0074] 1. The gate body 1 adopts a multi-layer detachable connection method to achieve modular assembly, adapt to different tunnel sizes, facilitate transportation and on-site installation, improve construction efficiency, and facilitate later maintenance.

[0075] 2. Multiple safety protections: The integrated design of fire prevention, smoke prevention, and structural stability ensures personnel safety.

[0076] 3. Real-time dynamic instructions reduce the risk of chaotic evacuation.

[0077] 4. Unlock response time ≤ 3 seconds, opening speed increased by 40%, adapting to emergency evacuation needs.

[0078] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A protective door for a tunnel portal cavern, characterized in that, include: Door body (1), the door body (1) includes: A protective layer is provided on the outside of the door body (1); The functional layer is located on the inner side of the door body (1); A fireproof and heat-insulating layer is disposed between the protective layer and the functional layer; A safety module is installed on the door body (1). The protective layer, the fireproof and heat-insulating layer, the functional layer and the safety module are detachably connected, and the connection is filled with sealant.

2. The tunnel portal shelter door of claim 1, wherein, Also includes: Door frame embedded part (3), the door frame embedded part (3) is embedded in the tunnel wall; Door frame (2), the door frame (2) is connected to the door frame embedded part (3).

3. The tunnel portal shelter door of claim 2, wherein, The door body (1) is provided with a drive mechanism and multiple locking devices, each of the locking devices comprising: A keyhole is provided in the door frame (2); A locking pin is movably disposed on the door body (1) along the axial direction, and can be inserted into or disengaged from the lock hole. The driving mechanism can act on multiple locking pins simultaneously to drive multiple locking pins to move synchronously.

4. The tunnel portal shelter door of claim 2, wherein, The functional layer is a dustproof filter layer.

5. The tunnel portal shelter door of claim 4, wherein, The safety module is a ventilation control module, comprising: A ventilation grille is detachably connected to a mounting groove in the middle of the door body (1); The filter element is located inside the ventilation grille.

6. The tunnel portal shelter door of claim 5, wherein, A pressure sensor is installed inside the door frame (2) to detect the wind pressure inside and outside the passage.

7. The tunnel portal shelter door of claim 2, wherein, The functional layer is a smoke-proof sealing layer.

8. The tunnel portal shelter door of claim 7, wherein, The safety module is an emergency indication module, including: An LED indicator screen is embedded in the mounting groove of the smoke-proof sealing layer and is used to dynamically indicate the path. The circuit module is located inside the door body (1) and is electrically connected to the LED indicator screen.

9. The tunnel portal shelter door of claim 7, wherein, The door frame (2) is provided with an elastic smoke-proof strip on its edge.

10. The tunnel portal shelter door of claim 8, wherein, It also includes an emergency lighting lamp, which is embedded in the mounting groove of the smoke-proof sealing layer, and the emergency lighting lamp is electrically connected to the circuit module.

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