A photovoltaic greenhouse that combines photothermal, electrical, water, and gas utilization

Abstract

This utility model applies to the field of greenhouse technology, providing a photovoltaic greenhouse that couples multiple uses of light, heat, electricity, water, and air. The photovoltaic greenhouse has wind-climbing walls on its side walls and includes a truss main body. The top of the truss main body has a gable roof, with a top-opening window on one side. Photovoltaic panels are installed on the side of the gable roof opposite the top-opening window. Inside the truss main body, there is a triangular inner arched canopy, or a semi-circular inner arched canopy below the truss main body. Vertical ventilation roll-up rods are provided on the sides of the triangular or semi-circular inner arched canopy. A retractable insulation blanket is laid on top of the triangular or semi-circular inner arched canopy. This solution couples the solar thermal utilization of the closed greenhouse effect with the photovoltaic solar electrical utilization, achieving multi-effect utilization of solar energy in the greenhouse, doubling the comprehensive utilization rate of solar energy, and also providing temperature, humidity, and light regulation functions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of greenhouse technology, and in particular relates to a photovoltaic greenhouse that combines multiple uses of light, heat, electricity, water and air. Background Technology

[0002] A greenhouse, also known as a hothouse, is a room equipped with facilities for frost protection, heating, and light transmission, used for cultivating warm-loving plants during winter. It is primarily used for cultivating or raising seedlings of warm-loving vegetables, flowers, and trees during the colder seasons. A greenhouse is a building that can control or partially control the plant's growth environment. It is mainly used for non-seasonal or non-regional plant cultivation, scientific research, generational breeding, and ornamental plant cultivation.

[0003] Photovoltaic integration has been successful in areas with abundant sunshine and in plant and animal production where light demand is relatively elastic, such as in pastoral photovoltaic integration, fishery photovoltaic integration, and microbial photovoltaic integration. However, the integration of photovoltaics with greenhouses, i.e., the application of photovoltaic greenhouses, has encountered many problems, such as prioritizing photovoltaics over agriculture, leading to agricultural production being negatively impacted, and abandonment of farmland due to competition for sunlight, land occupation, and decreased crop yield and quality. Both photovoltaics and plants essentially utilize light energy to convert and store energy, namely electrical energy and chemical energy, respectively. Due to competition for light sources, there is also a mutual exclusion and constraint. In photovoltaic greenhouses, how to reconcile these contradictions and maximize mutual benefits while minimizing mutual exclusion is a pressing technical problem that needs to be solved in the development of photovoltaic greenhouses. Photovoltaics is a capital-intensive, long-cycle industry, while agriculture is a short-cycle, highly volatile industry; how to establish a long-term mutually beneficial relationship between the two presents a challenge. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic greenhouse that combines the utilization of light, heat, electricity, water, and air to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a photovoltaic greenhouse that combines light, heat, electricity, water, and air for multiple uses. The photovoltaic greenhouse includes a truss main body, wind-climbing walls on the side walls of the photovoltaic greenhouse, a gable roof on the top of the truss main body, a top-opening window on one side of the gable roof, photovoltaic panels on the side of the gable roof away from the top-opening window, a triangular inner arched canopy inside the truss main body or a semi-circular inner arched canopy below the truss main body, vertical ventilation roll-up rods on the sides of the triangular or semi-circular inner arched canopy, a retractable insulation blanket on top of the triangular or semi-circular inner arched canopy, a water collection trough at the bottom of the triangular or semi-circular inner arched canopy, and a sprinkler head on the inner top of the gable roof.

[0006] Preferably, the triangular inner arch or the semi-circular inner arch is a scattering membrane, and the top window is a butterfly-shaped window.

[0007] Preferably, the photovoltaic greenhouse is provided with a water pool on the outside, and the water receiving trough is connected to the water pool through a pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the photovoltaic greenhouse is equipped with an internal circulation fan and a water source heat pump.

[0009] This utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0010] (1) This utility model provides a photovoltaic greenhouse that couples the multiple utilization of light, heat, electricity, water and gas, and couples the solar thermal utilization of the closed greenhouse effect with the photovoltaic solar electrical utilization to realize the multi-effect utilization of solar energy in the greenhouse, and doubles the comprehensive utilization rate of solar energy.

[0011] (2) This utility model provides a photovoltaic greenhouse that combines light, heat, electricity, water and air for multiple uses, which meets the basic principles of photovoltaic greenhouse design requirements: plant priority, high efficiency and energy saving, suitable for all seasons, uniform light and suitable for growth.

[0012] (3) This utility model provides a photovoltaic greenhouse that combines multiple uses of light, heat, electricity, water and gas. The solar photovoltaic panels and the greenhouse frame save the cost of photovoltaic support and greenhouse construction, and realize the maximum mutual benefit and sharing of greenhouse agriculture and photovoltaic power generation.

[0013] (4) This utility model provides a photovoltaic greenhouse that combines multiple uses of light, heat, electricity, water and air. It organically combines photovoltaic panels with plastic film greenhouses. By using double-layer diffuse reflection, it reduces the adverse effects of shading caused by photovoltaic panels, creating a new form of glass film greenhouse and significantly reducing greenhouse construction costs. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the triangular inner arched greenhouse of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the semi-circular arched inner arch greenhouse of this utility model.

[0016] In the attached diagram, the following are the reference numerals: 1. Truss main body; 2. Wind-climbing wall; 3. Insulation blanket; 4. Water collection trough; 5. Top window; 6. Sprinkler head; 7. Semi-circular arched inner canopy; 8. Triangular inner arched canopy; 9. Internal circulation fan; 10. Water source heat pump. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0018] Example

[0019] Please see Figure 1 This utility model provides a technical solution: a photovoltaic greenhouse that combines light, heat, electricity, water, and gas for multiple uses. The photovoltaic greenhouse includes a truss main body 1. Specifically, the truss main body can be a double-layer truss, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the double-layer truss is sawtooth-shaped; the top of the truss body 1 is equipped with a gable roof, specifically, the inner roof is sawtooth-shaped, one side of the gable roof is equipped with a top window 5, and the side of the gable roof away from the top window 5 is equipped with photovoltaic panels, specifically, the photovoltaic panels are fixedly connected to the gable roof and connected to a photovoltaic power generation system, the side wall of the photovoltaic greenhouse is equipped with a wind-climbing wall 2, specifically, the wind-climbing wall 2 is fixedly connected to the truss body 1, the interior of the truss body 1 is equipped with a triangular inner arch 8 or a semi-circular inner arch 7 below the truss body 1, the sides of the triangular inner arch 8 or the semi-circular inner arch 7 are equipped with vertical ventilation roll-up rods, and the top of the triangular inner arch 8 or the semi-circular inner arch 7 is equipped with a retractable insulation blanket 3.

[0020] The triangular inner arched shed 8 or the semi-circular inner arched shed 7 is a diffuser film, ensuring uniform light penetration. The top window 5 is a butterfly-shaped window. An external water tank is provided within the photovoltaic greenhouse. A water receiving trough 4 is connected to the water tank via pipes. Water sprayed from nozzles 6 flows into the water receiving trough 4 and then through pipes to the water tank. The interior of the photovoltaic greenhouse is equipped with an internal circulation fan 9 and a water source heat pump 10. The internal circulation fan 9 is used to create internal airflow circulation, providing wind and carbon dioxide. The water source heat pump 10 is used to increase the water temperature difference and improve water efficiency. value.

[0021] In this embodiment, a wind-climbing wall 2 is set up to further enhance the support strength and resist the oblique force generated by the sawtooth sloping roof. Photovoltaic panels can be installed in the middle section of the wind-climbing wall 2 on the south slope to reduce excessive sunlight on the south side and increase power generation.

[0022] The roof ridge runs east-west. The south slope of the roof features fixed photovoltaic panels, while the north slope has five roof-opening windows made of transparent plastic film. These windows are opened via rollers that push the racks around the apex. The photovoltaic panels are double-glass monocrystalline silicon modules. For planting crops that require particularly strong sunlight or in areas with insufficient sunlight, mosaic-interspersed translucent modules can be used.

[0023] Each small span of the greenhouse is equipped with a top sprinkler system using refractive nozzles. When the sprinklers are activated, some water droplets can splash onto the roof photovoltaic panels and the semi-circular arched inner canopy 7, simultaneously serving to cool the greenhouse, increase power generation efficiency, and collect solar heat. A water trough 4 and a pool are used to collect the sprinkler water. The sloping surface of the inner arch is a fixed surface, while the vertical sides are ventilation surfaces, using roll-up windows.

[0024] During the daytime hours when the greenhouse is closed, solar energy generated by the greenhouse effect is collected through a water spray system. Rooftop photovoltaic panels generate electricity to power internal circulation fans and a water source heat pump. Cooling the closed greenhouse requires cold water, while hot water is needed at night. Since the temperature difference in the spray system is insufficient, the heat pump is used to widen it. This water spraying process absorbs heat, increasing solar energy utilization by approximately 20% or more.

[0025] This solution organically combines low-light-loss solar thermal utilization, light scattering technology, distributed photovoltaic power generation, integration of photovoltaic supports and greenhouse frames, rainwater harvesting, efficient carbon dioxide fertilization, and comprehensive greenhouse environmental control technology. While utilizing a scattering film to reduce the shading and land occupation impact of photovoltaic panels, it also allows the photovoltaic and greenhouse to share a frame. Furthermore, it employs a light-loss-free heat collection method to cool both the greenhouse and photovoltaic modules simultaneously, finding the greatest common denominator for complementary agricultural and solar energy utilization and dual-effect utilization of electricity and heat. This achieves multi-coupling utilization of light, heat, electricity, and water, maximizing cost savings in investment and operation, and diversifying and intelligentizing greenhouse functions. This solution not only adheres to the basic design principles of photovoltaic greenhouses—plant priority, high efficiency and energy saving, year-round suitability, uniform light, and suitable growth conditions—but also comprehensively optimizes ten major ecological factors affecting plant production, including light, temperature, humidity, soil, fertilizer, water, pests, weeds, and air pollution. It comprehensively addresses bottlenecks such as high energy consumption for greenhouse heating and cooling, excessive pesticide use, and difficulties in environmental control. This technology organically combines low-cost, low-light-loss greenhouse solar energy active interception and rainwater harvesting; building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) design and agricultural PV supplementation and mitigation technology; dual-green facility agriculture production technology that achieves energy conservation, carbon sequestration, water conservation, drought resistance, fertilizer and pesticide savings, and increased quantity and quality; and closed / semi-closed greenhouse technology with efficient carbon dioxide fertilization. It addresses the significant impact of low night temperatures and drought during the winter half-year on greenhouse crop yields under subtropical plateau climate conditions; mitigates the adverse effects of high daytime temperatures and insufficient sunshine during the summer half-year; facilitates the replacement of fossil fuel heating with solar heating, achieving agricultural carbon neutrality; enables year-round efficient rainwater utilization to replace excessive groundwater extraction; facilitates the use of solar-powered hot water for greenhouse soil improvement and disinfection, solving problems of continuous cropping obstacles and soil non-point source pollution; and facilitates industrial carbon dioxide recovery for greenhouse agriculture, contributing to industrial carbon neutrality through agro-industry complementarity.

[0026] The working principle and usage process of this utility model: After the utility model is installed, work according to the above implementation method until all working steps are completed.

[0027] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this utility model is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of this utility model. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects. The scope of this utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Therefore, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this utility model, and no reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0028] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic greenhouse that couples multiple uses of light, heat, electricity, water, and gas, characterized in that, The photovoltaic greenhouse includes a truss main body (1), the side walls of the photovoltaic greenhouse are provided with wind-climbing walls (2), the top of the truss main body (1) is provided with a gable roof, one side of the gable roof is provided with a top opening window (5), the side of the gable roof away from the top opening window (5) is provided with photovoltaic panels, the interior of the truss main body (1) is provided with a triangular inner arch shed (8) or the bottom of the truss main body (1) is provided with a semi-circular inner arch shed (7), the side of the triangular inner arch shed (8) or the semi-circular inner arch shed (7) is provided with a vertical ventilation roll-up rod, the top of the triangular inner arch shed (8) or the semi-circular inner arch shed (7) is provided with a retractable heat insulation blanket (3), the bottom of the triangular inner arch shed (8) or the semi-circular inner arch shed (7) is provided with a water collection trough (4), and the inner top of the gable roof is provided with a sprinkler (6).

2. A photovoltaic greenhouse with coupled photothermal, electrical, water, and gas utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The triangular inner arch (8) or the semi-circular inner arch (7) is a scattering membrane, and the top window (5) is a butterfly window.

3. A photovoltaic greenhouse with coupled photothermal, electrical, water, and gas utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic greenhouse is equipped with a water pool on the outside, and the water receiving trough (4) is connected to the water pool through a pipe.

4. A photovoltaic greenhouse with coupled photothermal, electrical, water, and gas utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic greenhouse is equipped with an internal circulation fan (9) and a water source heat pump (10).

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