A tension screw and intramedullary nail system

Abstract

This utility model relates to a tension screw and intramedullary nail system, including a tension screw body having a tension screw head and a tension screw tail. The outer wall surface of the tension screw head is provided with a plurality of external threads for implantation, extending to the end of the tension screw head. A first groove and a second groove are symmetrically arranged along the central axis on the outer wall surface of the tension screw body, both extending to the end of the tension screw tail. The first groove and the second groove are respectively provided with a plurality of first and second threaded grooves for adaptation to a compression screw. Both the first and second threaded grooves are located at the tension screw tail, making the tension screw more flexible in use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of orthopedic surgical instruments, and in particular to a tension screw and intramedullary nail system. Background Technology

[0002] A proximal femoral fracture is a fracture of the portion of the femur (thigh bone) near the hip joint. This type of fracture is usually caused by external force or factors such as osteoporosis. Proximal femoral fractures are more common in the elderly, especially those with osteoporosis, which weakens bones and makes them more prone to fracture. However, proximal femoral fractures can also occur in younger people, typically due to high-energy trauma such as traffic accidents or falls.

[0003] The severity of proximal femoral fractures can be classified according to fracture type. Generally, proximal femoral fractures can be divided into stable fractures and unstable fractures. The treatment method for proximal femoral fractures depends on the type and location of the fracture, as well as the patient's age and health condition. Non-surgical treatment, including plaster cast immobilization and physical therapy, is suitable for stable fractures. For unstable fractures, surgical intervention is usually required. A stable fracture means that the fracture fragments remain in the correct position, while an unstable fracture indicates that the breakage between the fragments is unstable and may require surgical intervention to reposition and fix the fracture, such as using an intramedullary nailing system.

[0004] For example, a medical implantable tension screw, intramedullary nail, and fixation system are disclosed in utility model patent No. 201821747090.0. The intramedullary nail disclosed in this patent includes a tension screw, a main nail, a transverse locking screw, and a compression screw for compressing the tension screw. The structure of the tension screw is specifically disclosed, as shown in its appendix. Figure 5 As shown, the traction screw has several first grooves on its sidewall that match the threads of the compression screw. These first grooves extend along one side, and the compression screw is positioned on one side of the traction screw and fitted into the first grooves. When the insertion depth of the traction screw needs adjustment, it must be turned a full turn before it can be aligned with the insertion direction. In some scenarios, there is insufficient medullary cavity space for the traction screw to rotate a full turn; otherwise, irreversible damage may occur to the contralateral cortical layer. This damage is irreversible for patients with osteoporosis and elderly patients. Utility Model Content

[0005] Therefore, there is a need to provide a tension screw and intramedullary nail system to solve the problem of inconvenience in using existing tension screws.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the inventor provides a tension screw, comprising:

[0007] The body of the tension screw has a tension screw head and a tension screw tail;

[0008] The outer wall surface of the tension screw head is provided with a plurality of external threads for implantation, the external threads extending to the end of the tension screw head. The outer wall surface of the tension screw body is symmetrically provided with a first groove and a second groove along its central axis. The first groove and the second groove both extend to the end of the tension screw tail. The first groove and the second groove are respectively provided with a plurality of first grooves and second grooves for adaptation to a pressure screw. The first grooves and the second grooves are both provided at the tail of the tension screw.

[0009] Furthermore, both the first and second grooves are strip-shaped groove structures.

[0010] Furthermore, the first and second threaded grooves are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the tension screw body.

[0011] Furthermore, the first groove extends to the external thread but does not penetrate all of the external thread, and the second groove has a similar structure to the first groove.

[0012] Furthermore, in the direction from the head of the tension screw to the tail of the tension screw, the distance from the crest of the external thread to the outer wall surface of the head of the tension screw decreases sequentially.

[0013] Furthermore, a tool groove is provided at the end of the tail of the tension screw.

[0014] Furthermore, the first and second cutting grooves are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the tool groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the head of the tension screw is provided with multiple guide holes.

[0016] The inventors also provide an intramedullary nail system, comprising:

[0017] The main nail has an integrally connected proximal end, middle part and distal end, the proximal end having a first channel through it, and the distal end having a second channel through it;

[0018] The tension screw described in any of the above technical solutions is inserted into the first channel;

[0019] A pressure screw, wherein the pressure screw passes through the first channel and the external thread of the pressure screw is adapted to the first thread groove or the second thread groove;

[0020] A horizontal locking pin is inserted into the second channel.

[0021] Unlike existing technologies, the above technical solution has the following advantages: the tension screw has symmetrical first and second threaded grooves, so each adjustment only requires turning the tension screw half a turn to make the first or second threaded groove face the pressure screw. The pressure screw passes through the first channel and matches the first or second threaded groove on the tension screw to achieve fixation of the intramedullary nail system. The tension screw is more flexible in use. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a tension screw with a first groove according to this embodiment;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a side view of a tension screw according to this embodiment;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a tension screw with an inlet hole according to this embodiment;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a tension screw according to this embodiment;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an intramedullary nail system according to this embodiment.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0028] 01. Pull screw;

[0029] 11. Head of the tension screw;

[0030] 111. External thread;

[0031] 12. The tail of the tension screw;

[0032] 13. First groove;

[0033] 131. First threaded groove;

[0034] 14. Second groove;

[0035] 141. Second threaded groove

[0036] 15. Tool slot;

[0037] 16. Inlet hole;

[0038] 17. Hollow shaft hole;

[0039] 02. Master nail;

[0040] 21. Proximal end;

[0041] 211, First Passage;

[0042] 22. Middle section;

[0043] 23. Distal end;

[0044] 231. Second Channel;

[0045] 03. Pressure screw;

[0046] 04. Horizontal locking pin. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To illustrate the possible application scenarios, technical principles, implementable specific solutions, and achievable objectives and effects of this application in detail, the following description, in conjunction with the listed specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, provides a detailed explanation. The embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of this application and are therefore intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0048] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The term "embodiment" appearing in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it specifically limit its independence or connection with other embodiments. In principle, in this application, as long as there are no technical contradictions or conflicts, the technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way to form corresponding implementable technical solutions.

[0049] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the use of related terms herein is merely for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit this application.

[0050] In the description of this application, the term "and / or" is used to describe the logical relationship between objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B means: A exists, B exists, and A and B exist simultaneously. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following objects have an "or" logical relationship.

[0051] In this application, terms such as “first” and “second” are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual quantity, hierarchy or order relationship between these entities or operations.

[0052] Without further limitations, the use of terms such as “comprising,” “including,” “having,” or other similar expressions in this application is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, which does not exclude the presence of additional elements in a process, method, or product that includes the stated elements, such that a process, method, or product that includes a list of elements may include not only those defined elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, or product.

[0053] Similar to the understanding in the Examination Guidelines, in this application, expressions such as "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number; expressions such as "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments in this application, "multiple" means two or more (including two), and similar expressions related to "multiple" are also understood in this way, such as "multiple groups" and "multiple times," unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0054] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the space-related expressions used, such as "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "vertical," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the specific embodiments or drawings. They are only for the purpose of describing the specific embodiments of this application or for the reader's understanding, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific position, a specific orientation, or be constructed or operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0055] Unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," and "setting," as used in the description of the embodiments of this application, should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral setting; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art to which this application pertains, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0056] Please see Figure 5 This embodiment provides an intramedullary nail system, including:

[0057] The main nail 02 has an integrally connected proximal end 21, a middle part 22, and a distal end 23. The proximal end 21 has a first channel 211 extending through it, and the distal end 23 has a second channel 231 extending through it.

[0058] A tension screw 01 is inserted into the first channel 211.

[0059] A pressure screw 03 is inserted into the first channel 211, and the external thread of the pressure screw 03 is adapted to the first threaded groove 131 or the second threaded groove.

[0060] A horizontal locking pin 04 is inserted into the second channel 231.

[0061] The structure of this intramedullary nail system is the same as that of existing intramedullary nail systems, but the structure of the tension screw 01 used in it is different from that of the conventional tension screw 01.

[0062] When the intramedullary nail system is in operation, if it is necessary to adjust the position of the tension screw 01, such as to screw the tension screw 01 further into the femur by a certain distance, since the tension screw 01 has a symmetrical first screw groove 131 and a second screw groove, each adjustment only requires turning the tension screw 01 half a turn, so that the first screw groove 131 or the second screw groove faces the compression screw 03. The compression screw 03 passes through the first channel 211 and matches the first screw groove 131 or the second screw groove on the tension screw 01, thereby achieving the fixation of the intramedullary nail system.

[0063] In this embodiment, the pressure screw is located below the tension screw, that is, the pressure screw and the tension screw are inserted into the first channel in an upward and downward orientation.

[0064] The embodiment provides a structural schematic diagram of a tension screw 01; please refer to the following: Figure 1-4 A tension screw 01, comprising:

[0065] The tension screw 01 body has a tension screw head 11 and a tension screw tail 12;

[0066] The outer wall surface of the tension screw head 11 is provided with a plurality of external threads 111 for implantation. The external threads 111 extend to the end of the tension screw head 11. The outer wall surface of the tension screw body 01 is symmetrically provided with a first groove 13 and a second groove 14 along its central axis. The first groove 13 and the second groove 14 both extend to the end of the tension screw tail 12. The first groove 13 and the second groove 14 are respectively provided with a plurality of first thread grooves 131 and second thread grooves that can be adapted to the pressure screw 03. The first thread grooves 131 and the second thread grooves are both provided at the tail 12 of the tension screw.

[0067] The tension screw 01 has a one-piece structure. The end facing the patient's femur is called the tension screw head 11, and the end opposite to it is called the tension screw tail 12. The tension screw 01 can be inserted into the femur by the external threads 111 of the tension screw head 11. The tension screw 01 has a cylindrical structure with a cylindrical outer wall. The first groove 13 and the second groove 14 are adapted to the outer wall of the compression screw 03. That is, the first groove 13 and the second groove 14 are strip-shaped grooves on the surface of the tension screw 01, allowing the compression screw 03 and the tension screw 01 to fit tightly together when inserted into the first channel 211. When the first cut 13 faces the screwing direction of the pressure screw 03, a plurality of first threaded grooves 131 on the first cut 13 are adapted to the threads on the pressure screw 03. During the screwing of the pressure screw 03, the pressure effect of the tension screw 01 is achieved through the cooperation between the pressure screw 03 and the first threaded grooves 131. Similarly, when the second cut 14 faces the screwing direction of the pressure screw 03, a plurality of second threaded grooves on the second cut 14 are adapted to the threads on the pressure screw 03. During the screwing of the pressure screw 03, the pressure effect of the tension screw 01 is achieved through the cooperation between the pressure screw 03 and the second threaded grooves.

[0068] When using this tension screw 01, if it is necessary to adjust the depth of the tension screw 01, the tension screw 01 only needs to be rotated in half a turn, making it more flexible to use.

[0069] In some embodiments, the first threaded groove 131 and the second threaded groove are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the tension screw 01 body. Specifically, the first threaded groove 131 and the second threaded groove are respectively provided on both sides of the longitudinal section passing through the central axis, and the first threaded groove 131 and the second threaded groove are symmetrically arranged about this longitudinal section. The shape, size, and position of the first threaded groove 131 and the second threaded groove are the same. That is, regardless of whether the pressure screw 03 is adapted to the first slot 13 or the second slot 14, after the pressure screw 03 passes through the first channel 211, its adaptation position with the tension screw 01 body is the same. Regardless of whether the first threaded groove 131 or the second threaded groove is used, the same specification pressure screw 03 can be used.

[0070] In some embodiments, the first groove 13 extends to the external thread 111 but does not penetrate all of the external thread 111, and the second groove 14 has a similar structure to the first groove 13. That is, the first groove 13 extends from the end of the tail 12 of the tension screw to the external thread 111, and the first groove 13 does not completely penetrate the outer ring of external thread 111 near the head 11 of the tension screw. The effect is that when the pressure screw 03 is fitted into the first groove 13, the unpenetrated external thread 111 can limit the pressure screw 03 and prevent the pressure screw 03 from being inserted too deeply. Similarly, the second groove 14 extends from the end of the tail 12 of the tension screw to the external thread 111. The external thread 111 near the head 11 of the tension screw is not completely penetrated by the second groove 14. The effect is that when the pressure screw 03 is fitted into the second groove 14, the external thread 111 that is not penetrated can limit the pressure screw 03 and prevent the pressure screw 03 from being inserted too deeply.

[0071] In some embodiments, the distance from the crest of the external thread 111 to the outer wall surface of the head 11 of the tension screw decreases sequentially in the direction from the head 11 to the tail 12 of the tension screw. By setting the external thread 111 with a gradually decreasing size, good fastening effect can be ensured while avoiding excessive damage to the patient's bone after the tension screw 01 is implanted.

[0072] In some embodiments, a tool groove 15 is provided at the end of the tail portion 12 of the tension screw. An operating tool can be inserted into the tool groove 15 to screw the tension screw 01. The tool groove 15 allows for easy insertion and removal of the tension screw 01, making it flexible and convenient to use. The specific shape of the tool groove 15 can be a slotted, cross-shaped, or hexagonal groove structure that facilitates screwing.

[0073] In some embodiments, the first groove 13 and the second groove 14 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the tool slot 15. After the operating tool is inserted into the tool slot 15, the operating tool will not interfere with the first groove 13 or the second groove 14, and will not affect the fit between the pressure screw 03 and the first groove 13 or the second groove 14.

[0074] In some embodiments, the head 11 of the tension screw has a plurality of insertion holes 16. Preferably, the insertion holes 16 are located between adjacent external threads 111 and communicate with the hollow shaft hole 17 of the tension screw 01. The insertion holes 16 facilitate the injection of the implant into the femur and into the patient's bone through the opening at the tail 12 of the tension screw, thereby improving the patient's bone strength. The plurality of insertion holes 16 may be arranged along the axial direction of the tension screw 01 on the head 11 of the tension screw, or they may be arranged irregularly on the head 11 of the tension screw.

[0075] In some embodiments, the width of the first groove gradually decreases from the tail of the tension screw to the head of the tension screw to accommodate the compression screw. The shape of the second groove is the same as that of the first groove.

[0076] Pull screws are implantable surgical fixation structures made of titanium alloy or titanium-nickel alloy.

[0077] Finally, it should be noted that although the above embodiments have been described in the text and drawings of this application, this should not limit the scope of patent protection of this application. Any technical solutions that are based on the essential concept of this application and utilize the content described in the text and drawings of this application, resulting in equivalent structural or procedural substitutions or modifications, as well as the direct or indirect application of the technical solutions of the above embodiments to other related technical fields, are all included within the scope of patent protection of this application.

Claims

1. A tension screw, characterized in that include: The body of the tension screw has a tension screw head and a tension screw tail; The outer wall surface of the tension screw head is provided with a plurality of external threads for implantation, the external threads extending to the end of the tension screw head. The outer wall surface of the tension screw body is symmetrically provided with a first groove and a second groove along its central axis, the first groove and the second groove both extending to the end of the tension screw tail. The first groove and the second groove are respectively provided with a plurality of first grooves and second grooves for fitting with a compression screw, the first grooves and the second grooves are both provided at the tail of the tension screw.

2. Tension screw according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the first and second grooves are strip-shaped groove structures.

3. The tension screw of claim 1, wherein: The first and second threaded grooves are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the tension screw body.

4. The tension screw of claim 1, wherein: The first groove extends to the external thread but does not penetrate all of the external thread, and the second groove has a similar structure to the first groove.

5. The tension screw of claim 1, wherein: From the head of the tension screw to the tail of the tension screw, the distance from the crest of the external thread to the outer wall surface of the tension screw head decreases sequentially.

6. The tension screw of claim 1, wherein: The end of the tension screw is provided with a tool groove.

7. A tension screw according to claim 6, wherein: The first and second cutting grooves are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the tool groove.

8. The tension screw of claim 1, wherein: The head of the tension screw has multiple guide holes.

9. An intramedullary nail system, characterized in that include: The main nail has an integrally connected proximal end, middle part and distal end, the proximal end having a first channel through it, and the distal end having a second channel through it; The tension screw according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the tension screw passes through the first channel; A pressure screw, wherein the pressure screw passes through the first channel and the external thread of the pressure screw is adapted to the first thread groove or the second thread groove; A horizontal locking pin is inserted into the second channel.

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