Carbide-based composite reamers

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of boring tool technology, and particularly relates to a carbide-based composite reamer. It includes a flange seat and a tool head seat fixedly mounted on the flange seat. A secondary reamer for roughing is fixedly mounted on the tool head seat, and a main reamer for finishing is movably connected to the tool head seat. A second cutting head is provided at one end of the main reamer protruding from the secondary reamer. An indicator sleeve is fixedly mounted at the end of the main reamer away from the second cutting head. The indicator sleeve is slidably connected to the flange seat via an adjusting screw, and the adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the flange seat. One end of the adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the indicator sleeve. Symmetrically distributed guide protrusions are also fixedly mounted on the indicator sleeve. This carbide-based composite reamer, through the movably connected main reamer, adjusting screw, and indicator sleeve mechanism, allows the extended length of the main reamer to be adjusted by rotating the adjusting screw when the second cutting head wears, enabling the unworn portion to participate in machining without requiring complete reamer replacement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of boring tool technology, and in particular to a carbide-based composite reamer. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of metal processing, composite reamers are widely used as efficient hole-making tools in precision boring and reaming processes of various metal objects. Carbide-based composite reamers, thanks to the high hardness and wear resistance of their carbide material, maintain good cutting performance when machining high-strength and high-hardness metals, effectively improving machining accuracy and efficiency. Therefore, they occupy an important position in industries such as aerospace, automotive manufacturing, and machining.

[0003] These composite reamers are typically composed of a cemented carbide matrix and a tool body structure. The tool body is equipped with a cutting edge for cutting metal objects. In order to prevent the reamer from overheating and being damaged due to frictional heat during high-speed cutting, which would affect machining accuracy and tool life, existing technologies generally provide cooling holes inside the reamer. Coolant is introduced into the cutting area through the cooling holes to cool the reamer.

[0004] However, the cutting part of the reamer that contacts the metal object suffers severe wear due to long-term exposure to large cutting forces and friction. Furthermore, the cutting part of existing composite reamers is mostly an integral part of the tool body; once the cutting part wears to a certain extent and becomes unusable, the entire reamer needs to be disassembled and replaced.

[0005] Although the cooling holes provide cooling, they also generate a large amount of metal shavings during machining. These shavings can easily enter the cooling circuit inside the reamer through the cooling holes. As the shavings accumulate, they can easily cause blockages in the cooling circuit. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art mentioned above, the inventors conducted in-depth research and, after a great deal of creative work, completed this utility model.

[0007] Specifically, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a cemented carbide-based composite reamer to solve the technical problem that the cutting part and the tool body of the current composite reamer are an integral structure, which leads to the need to completely disassemble and replace the cutting part after wear, and the cooling holes are prone to allow machining waste to enter the cooling circuit, causing circuit blockage.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A cemented carbide matrix composite reamer includes a flange seat and a tool head seat fixedly mounted on the flange seat. A secondary reamer for roughing is fixedly mounted on the tool head seat, and a primary reamer for finishing is movably connected to the tool head seat. A second tool head is provided at one end of the primary reamer that protrudes from the secondary reamer.

[0010] An indicator sleeve is fixedly installed at the end of the main reamer away from the second cutter head. The indicator sleeve is slidably connected to the flange seat through an adjusting screw, and the adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the flange seat. One end of the adjusting screw extends into the flange seat and is threadedly connected to the end of the indicator sleeve away from the main reamer. Symmetrically distributed guide protrusions are also fixedly installed on the indicator sleeve, and the flange seat has a protrusion groove for limiting the sliding of the guide protrusions. The indicator sleeve is slidably connected to the protrusion groove of the flange seat along the axial direction of the main reamer through the guide protrusions.

[0011] As an improved technical solution, the sub-reamer has a first cutter head at one end protruding from the cutter head seat. Both the first and second cutter heads have cutter ridges distributed around the corresponding circumference. The sub-reamer also has a chip discharge annular groove for discharging waste chips from the first cutter head.

[0012] As an improved technical solution, the secondary reamer is provided with cooling holes arranged in a ring array, the cutter head seat is provided with a cooling cavity, and the cooling cavity is located at the end of the indicator sleeve near the main reamer. The secondary reamer is connected to the cooling cavity through the cooling holes.

[0013] As an improved technical solution, the indicating sleeve is provided with a liquid collection chamber, and the indicating sleeve is also provided with a clearance groove that communicates with the liquid collection chamber. The flange seat is provided with a liquid injection hole corresponding to the clearance groove. The liquid injection hole is provided with a pipe for injecting coolant. One end of the pipe in the liquid injection hole that passes through the clearance groove is located in the liquid collection chamber and avoids each other.

[0014] As an improved technical solution, the end of the indicator sleeve near the main reamer is provided with a leakage hole that communicates with the liquid collection chamber, and the leakage holes are distributed in a ring array along the circumference of the indicator sleeve. The leakage holes are connected to the cooling hole through the cooling chamber.

[0015] As an improved technical solution, a clearing probe is also fixedly installed at one end of the indicating sleeve near the leakage hole, and the clearing probe is distributed in a circumferential ring array around the main reamer. The clearing probe is adapted to the cooling hole and corresponds to it one by one.

[0016] As an improved technical solution, the flange seat is also provided with a first drain hole for discharging coolant, and the indicator sleeve is provided with a second drain hole that communicates with the liquid collection chamber. The second drain hole is located on the side of the indicator sleeve away from the clearance groove and corresponds to the first drain hole.

[0017] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] 1. This utility model, by setting a cooperative structure of a movable main reamer, an adjusting screw, and an indicating sleeve, allows the extension length of the main reamer to be adjusted by rotating the adjusting screw when the second cutter head is worn, so that the unworn part can participate in the processing without replacing the entire reamer.

[0019] 2. This utility model, through the synergistic effect of the liquid collection chamber, leakage hole, cooling chamber and cooling hole in the cooling system, can evenly deliver coolant to the cutting area to achieve comprehensive cooling. At the same time, the unblocking probe moves with the indicator sleeve to clean the waste in the cooling hole, effectively avoiding blockage of the cooling circuit.

[0020] 3. In this utility model, by cooperating with the first drain hole and the second drain hole, when the main reamer reaches its maximum moving distance, the two holes overlap to allow coolant to leak out, which can promptly remind the operator to replace the entire reamer. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Among them:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cemented carbide-based composite reamer of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the cemented carbide-based composite reamer of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main reamer in the extended state of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the main reamer of this utility model in the extended state.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the indicator sleeve and the unblocking probe of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main reamer and the auxiliary reamer of this utility model.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0029] 1. Flange seat; 101. Injection hole; 102. First drain hole; 2. Cutter head seat; 201. Cooling chamber; 3. Secondary reamer; 301. First cutter head; 302. Cooling hole; 303. Chip removal ring groove; 4. Main reamer; 401. Second cutter head; 5. Indicator sleeve; 501. Liquid collection chamber; 502. Clearance groove; 503. Second drain hole; 504. Leakage hole; 6. Adjusting screw; 7. Guide protrusion; 8. Unblocking probe. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example

[0031] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a cemented carbide matrix composite reamer. This cemented carbide matrix composite reamer includes a flange seat 1 and a tool head seat 2 fixedly mounted on the flange seat 1. A secondary reamer 3 for roughing is fixedly mounted on the tool head seat 2. A main reamer 4 for finishing is also movably connected to the tool head seat 2. The end of the main reamer 4 protruding from the secondary reamer 3 is provided with a second tool head 401. An indicator sleeve 5 is fixedly mounted on the end of the main reamer 4 away from the second tool head 401. The indicator sleeve 5 is slidably connected to the flange seat 1 through an adjusting screw 6, and the adjusting screw 6 is rotatably connected to the flange seat 1. One end of the adjusting screw 6 extending into the flange seat 1 is threadedly connected to the end of the indicator sleeve 5 away from the main reamer 4. Symmetrically distributed guide protrusions 7 are also fixedly mounted on the indicator sleeve 5, and the flange seat 1 has openings for guiding. The protrusion 7 limits the sliding of the protrusion groove, and the indicator sleeve 5 is slidably connected to the protrusion groove of the flange seat 1 along the axis of the main reamer 4 via the guide protrusion 7. The second cutter head 401 is made of high-strength hard alloy material, which can perform high-precision finishing on the hole wall of the metal object after rough machining by the secondary reamer 3, thereby reducing the wear of the second cutter head 401. When the adjusting screw 6 rotates, the indicator sleeve 5 can be driven to move axially by the thread transmission, thereby adjusting the length of the main reamer 4 extending from the cutter head seat 2, so that the unworn second cutter head 401 extends from the cutter head seat 2. Even if the main reamer 4 is worn, it is not necessary to replace the whole thing. The cooperation between the guide protrusion 7 and the protrusion groove can effectively prevent the indicator sleeve 5 from rotating during the movement, ensuring the stability of the cutting direction of the main reamer 4 and improving the machining accuracy.

[0032] The secondary reamer 3 has a first cutting head 301 protruding from the cutting head seat 2. Both the first cutting head 301 and the second cutting head 401 have cutting ridges distributed around their respective circumferences. The secondary reamer 3 also has a chip removal annular groove 303 for discharging chips from the first cutting head 301. The first cutting head 301 is also made of cemented carbide, and its cutting edge angle has been optimized to quickly remove excess material from the hole of the metal object and complete the roughing process. The cutting ridges enhance the structural strength of the cutting head, reduce vibration during the cutting process, and facilitate chip removal. The depth and width of the chip removal annular groove 303 are designed according to the amount of chips that may be generated during the machining process, so that most of the chips generated by the cutting of the first cutting head 301 can be promptly discharged from the machining area to avoid chip accumulation affecting the cutting effect and machining quality.

[0033] The secondary reamer 3 has cooling holes 302 arranged in a ring array, and the cutter head seat 2 has a cooling cavity 201 located at the end of the indicator sleeve 5 near the main reamer 4. The secondary reamer 3 is connected to the cooling cavity 201 through the cooling holes 302. The aperture and distribution density of the cooling holes 302 are calculated to ensure that the coolant is evenly sprayed onto the cutting area of ​​the first cutter head 301. The cooling cavity 201 serves to temporarily store and distribute the coolant, so that the coolant can stably enter each cooling hole 302, and at the same time lubricate the sliding of the main reamer 4.

[0034] The indicating sleeve 5 has a liquid collection chamber 501, and the indicating sleeve 5 also has a relief groove 502 that communicates with the liquid collection chamber 501. The flange seat 1 has a liquid injection hole 101 corresponding to the relief groove 502. The liquid injection hole 101 is provided with a pipe for injecting coolant. One end of the pipe in the liquid injection hole 101 passes through the relief groove 502 and is located in the liquid collection chamber 501, and they avoid each other. The liquid collection chamber 501 can temporarily store the coolant input from the liquid injection hole 101. The relief groove 502 provides movement space for the liquid injection pipe, ensuring that when the indicating sleeve 5 moves axially, the liquid injection pipe can always deliver coolant into the liquid collection chamber 501 without interference.

[0035] The end of the indicator sleeve 5 near the main reamer 4 is provided with a drain hole 504 that communicates with the liquid collection chamber 501. The drain holes 504 are arranged in a ring array along the circumference of the indicator sleeve 5. The drain holes 504 are connected to the cooling hole 302 through the cooling chamber 201. The drain holes 504 can uniformly transport the coolant in the liquid collection chamber 501 to the cooling chamber 201, and then spray it onto the cutting area through the cooling hole 302 to achieve comprehensive cooling of the first cutting head 301 and the second cutting head 401.

[0036] A cleaning probe 8 is fixedly installed at one end of the indicator sleeve 5 near the leakage hole 504. The cleaning probe 8 is distributed in a circumferential ring array around the main reamer 4. The cleaning probe 8 is adapted to and corresponds one-to-one with the cooling hole 302. When the indicator sleeve 5 moves under the drive of the adjusting screw 6, the cleaning probe 8 will move in and out of the cooling hole 302 in sync. It can remove the debris that may be blocked in the cooling hole 302 in time, ensure the smooth flow of coolant, and avoid the cooling effect being affected by the blockage of the cooling hole 302.

[0037] The flange seat 1 is also provided with a first drain hole 102 for draining coolant. The indicating sleeve 5 is provided with a second drain hole 503 that is connected to the liquid collection chamber 501. The second drain hole 503 is located on the side of the indicating sleeve 5 away from the clearance groove 502 and corresponds to the first drain hole 102. When the main reamer 4 reaches the maximum moving distance in the cutter head seat 2, the first drain hole 102 and the second drain hole 503 coincide and correspond. At this time, the coolant that enters the liquid collection chamber 501 through the injection hole 101 leaks out from the second drain hole 503, indicating that the main reamer 4 can no longer extend. At this time, the whole should be replaced in time. In the adjustable stage, since the first drain hole 102 and the second drain hole 503 are misaligned, the coolant in the liquid collection chamber 501 will not leak out.

[0038] When using this reamer to process metal objects, in the initial stage of processing, the first cutting head 301 of the secondary reamer 3 first roughs the hole of the metal object. The carbide material and optimized cutting edge angle used in the secondary reamer can quickly remove excess material in the hole. The circumferential cutting ridges on the first cutting head 301 and the second cutting head 401 of the main reamer 4 can enhance the strength of the cutting head, reduce vibration and assist in chip removal. The waste chips generated by cutting are discharged from the processing area in time through the chip removal ring groove 303 on the secondary reamer 3 to avoid accumulation and affect the processing.

[0039] While roughing, the second cutter head 401 of the main reamer 4 performs finishing on the rough-machined hole wall. The second cutter head 401 is made of high-strength cemented carbide material, which can reduce its own wear during high-precision dressing. When the second cutter head 401 wears, the adjusting screw 6 is rotated, and the threaded transmission drives the indicator sleeve 5 to move axially (the guide block 7 and the block groove cooperate to ensure stable movement without rotation), thereby adjusting the length of the main reamer 4 extending out of the cutter head seat 2, so that the unworn part extends out of the cutter head seat 2 without replacing the entire reamer, reducing downtime and replacement costs.

[0040] During this process, the cooling system operates synchronously. Coolant enters the liquid collection chamber 501 of the indicator sleeve 5 through the liquid injection hole 101 of the flange seat 1 for temporary storage. The clearance groove 502 on the indicator sleeve 5 provides movement space for the liquid injection pipe, ensuring that the coolant is continuously input when the indicator sleeve 5 moves. The coolant in the liquid collection chamber 501 enters the cooling chamber 201 of the cutter head seat 2 through the leakage holes 504 distributed in an annular array. The cooling chamber 201 temporarily stores and distributes the coolant, so that it is evenly sprayed onto the cutting areas of the first cutter head 301 and the second cutter head 401 through the cooling holes 302 on the secondary reamer 3, achieving comprehensive cooling and providing lubrication for the sliding of the main cutter.

[0041] During the movement of the indicator sleeve 5, the unblocking probe 8 at its end simultaneously enters and exits the cooling hole 302 to promptly remove any debris that may cause blockage, ensuring smooth flow of coolant. When the main reamer 4 reaches its maximum moving distance, the second drain hole 503 of the indicator sleeve 5 coincides with the first drain hole 102 of the flange seat 1, and coolant leaks out from the drain hole, reminding the operator to replace the entire reamer. During the adjustable stage, the two drain holes are misaligned, preventing coolant leakage and ensuring the normal operation of the cooling system.

[0042] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A hard metal matrix composite reamer, characterised in that: It includes a flange seat (1) and a cutter head seat (2) fixedly mounted on the flange seat (1). A secondary reamer (3) for roughing is fixedly mounted on the cutter head seat (2). A main reamer (4) for finishing is also movably connected to the cutter head seat (2). A second cutter head (401) is provided at one end of the main reamer (4) that protrudes from the secondary reamer (3). An indicator sleeve (5) is fixedly installed at the end of the main reamer (4) away from the second cutter head (401). The indicator sleeve (5) is slidably connected to the flange seat (1) through an adjusting screw (6), and the adjusting screw (6) is rotatably connected to the flange seat (1). One end of the adjusting screw (6) extends into the flange seat (1) and is threadedly connected to the end of the indicator sleeve (5) away from the main reamer (4). The indicator sleeve (5) is also fixedly installed with symmetrically distributed guide protrusions (7), and the flange seat (1) is provided with a protrusion groove for limiting the sliding of the guide protrusions (7). The indicator sleeve (5) is slidably connected to the protrusion groove of the flange seat (1) along the axial direction of the main reamer (4) through the guide protrusions (7).

2. A cemented carbide base compound reamer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sub-reamer (3) has a first cutter head (301) at one end protruding from the cutter head seat (2). The first cutter head (301) and the second cutter head (401) are both provided with cutter ridges distributed around the corresponding circumference. The sub-reamer (3) is also provided with a chip discharge annular groove (303) for discharging waste chips from the first cutter head (301).

3. A cemented carbide base compound reamer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The secondary reamer (3) has cooling holes (302) arranged in a ring array, and the cutter head seat (2) has a cooling cavity (201) located at the end of the indicator sleeve (5) near the main reamer (4). The secondary reamer (3) is connected to the cooling cavity (201) through the cooling holes (302).

4. A cemented carbide base compound reamer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The indicator sleeve (5) has a liquid collection chamber (501) and a clearance groove (502) connected to the liquid collection chamber (501) is also provided on the indicator sleeve (5). The flange seat (1) has an injection hole (101) corresponding to the clearance groove (502). The injection hole (101) is provided with a pipe for injecting coolant. One end of the pipe in the injection hole (101) that passes through the clearance groove (502) is located in the liquid collection chamber (501) and avoids each other.

5. A cemented carbide base compound reamer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The indicator sleeve (5) has a drain hole (504) connected to the liquid collection chamber (501) at one end near the main reamer (4), and the drain holes (504) are arranged in a ring array along the circumference of the indicator sleeve (5). The drain holes (504) are connected to the cooling hole (302) through the cooling chamber (201).

6. A cemented carbide base compound reamer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The end of the indicator sleeve (5) near the leakage hole (504) is also fixedly equipped with a clearing probe (8), and the clearing probe (8) is distributed in a circumferential ring array around the main reamer (4). The clearing probe (8) is adapted to the cooling hole (302) and corresponds to it one by one.

7. A cemented carbide base compound reamer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flange seat (1) is also provided with a first drain hole (102) for draining coolant, and the indicator sleeve (5) is provided with a second drain hole (503) connected to the liquid collection chamber (501). The second drain hole (503) is located on the side of the indicator sleeve (5) away from the clearance groove (502) and corresponds to the first drain hole (102).

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