A precision laser-assisted milling device

Abstract

This invention provides a precision laser-assisted milling device, including a mounting frame, a cutting assembly mounted on the mounting frame, and a laser assembly. The laser assembly includes a laser and an angle adjustment mechanism for adjusting the laser's angle. The angle adjustment mechanism includes a first drive mechanism that drives the laser to rotate, causing its emission direction to switch between at least two non-parallel cutting surfaces. The first drive mechanism is electrically connected to a central controller. This invention's laser assembly has at least two working positions, including a first working position and a second working position. Its working position can be adjusted according to different cutting modes of the cutting assembly, thereby preheating the workpiece's cutting area under different cutting modes to assist the cutting assembly in cutting the workpiece. Furthermore, the distance between the laser and the cutting surface can be adjusted in conjunction with the laser's position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of laser heating assisted processing technology, specifically relating to a precision laser assisted milling device. Background Technology

[0002] Laser-assisted milling is an advanced composite machining technology that combines laser heating with traditional milling processes. By preheating or locally heating the workpiece with a laser, it improves cutting conditions, increases machining efficiency, and enhances machining quality. Heating can reduce the hardness of the workpiece material, thereby reducing cutting force and power consumption; it can also increase the plasticity of the material, reducing brittle fracture during cutting, thus decreasing tool wear and heat generation.

[0003] Current lasers are typically fixed on the tool holder, with a relatively fixed position and angle. They are only suitable for tool holders that perform cutting on a single cutting surface of a workpiece. They cannot be adapted to tool holders that can simultaneously perform side cutting and end cutting on a workpiece. When the tool holder switches between side cutting and end cutting, the laser, because it is fixed on the tool holder, has a relatively fixed beam direction and heating area, and cannot be adjusted in time to adapt to the new cutting surface. This hinders the application of laser heating-assisted technology.

[0004] Patent CN117066677A discloses a laser scanning and heating linkage device and method integrated into the spindle box of a three-axis machine tool, including a horizontal adjustment module, a vertical adjustment module, and an angle adjustment module. However, the angle adjustment module requires manual control and cannot automatically achieve reciprocating adjustment. The horizontal and vertical adjustment modules are independent structures. Patent CN108817489A discloses a collimator pose adjustment device and method for laser-assisted milling of free-form surfaces, which allows for adjustment of multiple degrees of freedom; however, each degree of freedom adjustment requires its own servo motor for control, resulting in a complex structure and high cost. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a precision laser-assisted milling device.

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is achieved in the following manner: a precision laser-assisted milling device, including a mounting frame, a cutting assembly and a laser assembly mounted on the mounting frame, the laser assembly including a laser and an angle adjustment mechanism for adjusting the angle of the laser; the angle adjustment mechanism includes a first drive mechanism, the first drive mechanism drives the laser to rotate so that its emission direction changes between at least two non-parallel cutting surfaces, and the first drive mechanism is electrically connected to a central controller.

[0007] The laser assembly further includes a support frame, the bottom of which is provided with an installation space, and the laser is disposed within the installation space; the first drive mechanism is disposed at the bottom of the support frame; the laser assembly includes a ring, the laser is coaxially inserted into the ring and rotates together with the ring, the output end of the first drive mechanism is fixedly connected to the ring, and the axis of the ring is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the laser.

[0008] The laser and the ring are slidably connected along the axial direction of the ring. A driving assembly is provided between the ring and the laser. When the first driving mechanism drives the ring and the laser to rotate, the driving assembly drives the laser to move axially along the ring's own axis at the same time. When the ring and the laser rotate in opposite directions, the driving assembly drives the laser to move axially in the opposite direction along the ring's axis at the same time.

[0009] The drive assembly includes a gear ring that is parallel to the axis of rotation of the ring and the axis of the output shaft of the first drive mechanism. The gear ring is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the support frame. A rack with a length direction parallel to the length direction of the laser is fixedly mounted on the laser. A first gear that meshes with the rack is rotatably mounted on the circumferential side of the ring. The first gear is fixedly connected to a coaxial second gear through a rotating shaft. The second gear engages with the gear ring.

[0010] The bottom of the support frame is provided with an inverted U-shaped component, and the installation space is located within the inverted U-shaped component; the first drive mechanism and the gear ring are both located on the inverted U-shaped component; a distance sensor is provided on the laser head of the laser.

[0011] The support frame and the inverted U-shaped component are rotatably connected, and a third drive mechanism is provided between them; the support frame is an electric telescopic cylinder.

[0012] The cutting assembly has a first cutting mode for cutting a horizontal first cutting surface of the workpiece, and a second cutting mode for cutting a second cutting surface that intersects the direction of the first cutting surface; the cutting assembly switches between the first cutting mode and the second cutting mode; the laser assembly preheats the first cutting surface when in the first working position; when the laser of the laser assembly rotates to the second working position, it preheats the second cutting surface. At this time, the first driving mechanism drives the laser to oscillate back and forth within a predetermined angle, so that the laser beam emitted by the laser covers the cutting range of the cutting assembly in the width direction of the second cutting surface. Furthermore, at the extreme positions a and b of the laser's irradiation area on the second cutting surface, during the process of irradiating from a to b, without the driving assembly driving the laser to move along the self-axis of the ring, the distance between the laser head of the laser and the irradiation position corresponding to the second cutting surface gradually increases or decreases.

[0013] The cutting assembly includes a cutting drive mechanism fixedly mounted on a mounting frame. The cutting drive mechanism drives the tool body to rotate via a tool holder coaxial with its output shaft. Cutting tools are respectively provided on one end face and the periphery of the tool body to cut the first cutting surface and the second cutting surface respectively. An annular track is fixedly provided below the mounting frame or the housing of the cutting drive mechanism. The annular track is coaxially spaced with the tool body. A coaxial rotating ring is rotatably mounted inside the annular track. The upper end of the support frame is fixedly connected to the rotating ring. Several toothed gears are provided on the periphery of the rotating ring. An adjusting gear that meshes with the toothed gears and is driven to rotate by a second drive mechanism fixed on the annular track is rotatably mounted on the annular track.

[0014] It also includes a cutting frame, on which a first moving member that moves along the X direction is slidably disposed; a second moving member that moves along the Y direction is slidably disposed on the first moving member; and a third moving member that moves along the Z direction is disposed on the second moving member; the mounting frame is fixed on the third moving member; and the first, second, and third moving members are each driven to move by their respective driving structures.

[0015] The cutting frame is provided with several hollow square tubes that are equidistantly installed along the Y direction. The hollow square tubes all extend along the X direction to form a placement platform for placing workpieces. The cutting frame is provided with positioning components. The positioning components include a pressure plate provided above the hollow square tubes and having a through hole, and screws provided between adjacent hollow square tubes. The screws pass upward through the hole of the pressure plate and are threaded to a nut at the protruding end.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the laser component of this utility model has at least two working positions, such as a first working position and a second working position. It can adjust its working position according to the different cutting modes of the cutting component, so as to preheat the part of the workpiece to be cut under different cutting modes, thereby assisting the cutting component in cutting the workpiece. It can also adjust the distance between the laser and the cutting surface in a coordinated manner. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the laser component in the first working position according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This utility model Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure viewed from the center.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the laser component in the second working position according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This utility model Figure 3A schematic diagram of the structure viewed from the center.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation relationship between the cutting motor and the mounting bracket in one embodiment of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 6 This utility model Figure 5 Another structural diagram from a different perspective.

[0023] Figure 7 This utility model Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram of the laser component in the second working position according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 This utility model Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure viewed from the center.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the conversion and support frame connection relationship in one embodiment of this utility model.

[0027] Among them, 1. Cutting frame; 11. First moving part; 12. Second moving part; 13. Third moving part; 14. Hollow square tube; 2. Mounting frame; 3. Laser assembly; 31. Bearing frame; 311. Inverted U-shaped part; 3111. Mounting space; 32. Laser; 33. Ring; 34. Rotating motor; 4. Cutting assembly; 41. Cutting motor; 42. Tool holder; 43. Tool body; 431. First cutting part; 432. Second cutting part; 5. Drive assembly; 51. Gear ring; 52. First gear; 53. Second gear; 54. Rack; 6. Circular track; 7. Rotary ring; 71. Gear system; 72. Adjusting gear; 73. Adjusting motor; 8. Positioning part; 81. Pressure plate; 82. Screw; 83. Nut; 9. Workpiece; 91. First cutting surface; 92. Second cutting surface. Detailed Implementation

[0028] In this utility model, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the technical terms used in this application shall have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art. Terms such as "connected," "linked," "fixed," and "set" shall be interpreted broadly, referring to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; direct connections or indirect connections via an intermediate medium; mechanical connections or electrical connections. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," or "over" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," or "under" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature. Relational terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. The terms used in the description, such as “center,” “lateral,” “longitudinal,” “length,” “width,” “thickness,” “height,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” “up,” “down,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” “outer,” “axial,” “radial,” “circumferential,” “clockwise,” and “counterclockwise,” indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0029] The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Figure 1-10As shown, a precision laser-assisted milling device includes a mounting frame 2, a cutting assembly 4 mounted on the mounting frame 2, and a laser assembly 3. The laser assembly 3 includes a laser 32 and an angle adjustment mechanism for adjusting the angle of the laser 32. The angle adjustment mechanism includes a first drive mechanism, which drives the laser 32 to rotate, causing its emission direction to switch between at least two non-parallel cutting surfaces. The first drive mechanism is electrically connected to a central controller. The cutting surfaces are preferably planar. The two cutting surfaces are not parallel and have a certain angle. The laser needs to adjust its angle to align its high-energy laser beam with different cutting surfaces for preheating. Of course, the non-parallel cutting surfaces can also be partially curved and partially planar; or all cutting surfaces can be curved. The first drive mechanism is preferably a servo motor and can be electrically connected to the central controller for automation. The laser 32 is connected to an external laser control unit via power lines and signal control lines. The reciprocating oscillation of the laser can switch between different working positions, thereby preheating different cutting surfaces.

[0030] In this invention, the laser component 3 has at least two working positions, such as a first working position and a second working position. It can adjust its working position according to the different cutting modes of the cutting component 4, so as to meet the requirements of preheating the part to be cut of the workpiece 9 under different cutting modes, thereby assisting the cutting component 4 in cutting the workpiece 9, and enabling the laser-assisted heating technology to be better applied.

[0031] The laser assembly 3 further includes a support frame 31, with a mounting space 3111 at its bottom. The laser 32 is disposed within the mounting space 3111. A first drive mechanism is disposed at the bottom of the support frame 31. The laser assembly 3 includes a ring 33, with the laser 32 coaxially passing through and rotating together with the ring 33. The output end of the first drive mechanism is fixedly connected to the ring 33, and the axis of the ring 33 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the laser 32. The first drive mechanism may be a rotary motor 34.

[0032] The laser 32 and the ring 33 are slidably connected along the axial direction of the ring 33. A driving assembly 5 is provided between the ring 33 and the laser 32. When the first driving mechanism drives the ring 33 and the laser 32 to rotate, the driving assembly 5 simultaneously drives the laser 32 to move axially along the axis of the ring 33. When the ring 33 and the laser 32 rotate in opposite directions, the driving assembly 5 simultaneously drives the laser 32 to move axially in the opposite direction along the axis of the ring 33. Axial upper and lower limits, such as grooves and sliders, or upper and lower limit blocks, can be provided between the ring 33 and the laser 32 to prevent them from disengaging. The laser 32 can rotate to adjust its angle and move axially to adjust the distance between itself and the cutting surface, thus ensuring that the distance to the cutting surface is always in a suitable position. Moreover, in the linkage structure, the driving assembly 5 does not require a dedicated power source; instead, the rotation of the ring 33 and the laser 32 driven by the first driving mechanism serves as the power source, effectively saving costs. Of course, the drive component may not use a linkage structure, but may use existing methods to drive the laser to move axially, such as a motor.

[0033] The drive assembly 5 includes a gear ring 51 whose rotation axis is the same as that of the ring 33 and the output shaft of the first drive mechanism. The gear ring 51 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the support frame 31. A rack 54, whose length direction is parallel to that of the laser, is fixedly mounted on the laser 32. A first gear 52, which meshes with the rack 54, is rotatably mounted on the circumferential side of the ring. The first gear 52 is fixedly connected to a coaxial second gear 53 via a rotating shaft, and the second gear 53 engages with the gear ring 51. For example, a rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the circumferential sidewall of the ring 33, and the first gear 52 and the second gear 53 are coaxially fixed on this rotating shaft. Other structures can also be used to achieve linkage in the drive assembly 5. Because the ring 33 and the laser 32 rotate, and the ring 33 cannot move axially, the drive assembly 5 only needs to convert the rotational force of the ring 33 into the axial movement of the laser 32 through a transmission structure.

[0034] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 , Figure 9 As shown, the bottom of the support frame 31 is provided with an inverted U-shaped part 311, and the mounting space 3111 is disposed within the inverted U-shaped part 311; the first driving mechanism and the gear ring 51 are both disposed on the inverted U-shaped part 311; a distance sensor is disposed on the laser head of the laser 32. Preferably, the first driving mechanism and the gear 51 are respectively disposed on both sides of the U-shaped frame 311. The inverted U-shaped part 311 can be integrally disposed with the support frame 31 or separately disposed. The ring 33 is rotatably mounted on the inverted U-shaped part 311, and the rotation axis of the ring 33 is perpendicular to the axial center line of the ring 33, that is, the ring 33 can rotate along the inverted U-shaped part 311. Figure 9 The direction indicated by the middle arrow rotates within the mounting space 3111; a rotary motor 34 is fixedly mounted on the inverted U-shaped part 311, and the output shaft of the rotary motor 34 is connected to the ring 33, and is used to drive the ring 33 to rotate within the mounting space 3111. Figure 9 Rotate in the direction indicated by the middle arrow, wherein the laser 32 is coaxially inserted inside the ring 33 and fixedly installed with the ring 33.

[0035] Furthermore, refer to Figure 7 As shown, the support frame 31 and the inverted U-shaped component 311 can also be rotatably connected, and a third driving mechanism is provided between them; the third driving mechanism can be a motor. The motor drives the inverted U-shaped component to rotate, realizing the adjustment of the angle in another direction. Specifically, a motor can be fixed on the support frame 31, so that the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the inverted U-shaped component 311, which is used to drive the inverted U-shaped component 311 to rotate relative to the support frame 31, thereby adjusting the angle of the inverted U-shaped component 311 relative to the support frame 31 according to the actual processing requirements, further improving the flexibility of the multi-axis precision laser-assisted milling device (to be applicable to more working conditions). The support frame 31 can be an electric telescopic cylinder. The extension and retraction of the support frame 31 can drive the laser to move up and down, further improving flexibility.

[0036] The cutting assembly 4 has a first cutting mode for cutting the horizontal first cutting surface 91 of the workpiece 9, and a second cutting mode for cutting the second cutting surface 92 that intersects the direction of the first cutting surface 91. The cutting assembly 4 switches between the first cutting mode and the second cutting mode. The laser assembly 3 preheats the first cutting surface 91 when it is in the first working position. When the laser 32 of the laser assembly 3 rotates to the second working position, it preheats the second cutting surface 92. At this time, the first driving mechanism drives the laser 32 to oscillate back and forth within a predetermined angle, so that the laser beam emitted by the laser 32 covers the cutting range of the cutting assembly 4 on the second cutting surface 92 in the width direction. Furthermore, at the extreme positions a and b of the irradiation area of ​​the laser 32 on the second cutting surface 92, when irradiating from a to b, without the driving assembly 5 driving the laser 32 to move along the self-axis of the ring, the distance between the laser head of the laser 32 and the corresponding irradiation position of the second cutting surface 92 gradually increases or decreases.

[0037] In this invention, the laser 32 is moved axially back and forth relative to the ring 33 because: Figure 9As shown, when the laser beam emitted by laser 32 illuminates point a (at which point laser 32 is at the first angle), as laser 32 rotates towards the second angle, the distance between the laser head and the second cutting surface 92 on the workpiece 9 gradually increases. Simultaneously, through the engagement of rack 54, first gear 52, second gear 53, and gear ring 51, the laser 32 can be driven to move axially relative to the ring 33. That is, during the rotation of laser 32 from the first angle to the second angle, laser 32 will move relative to the ring 33 towards the second cutting surface 92. The axial movement of the cutting surface 92 prevents large fluctuations in the distance between the laser head on the laser 32 and the second cutting surface 92, thus allowing the surface of the workpiece 9 cut by the second cutting part 432 to be heated more uniformly by the laser beam. When the laser 32 rotates from the second angle to the first angle, the laser 32 moves away from the second cutting surface 92 relative to the ring 33, so that when the laser 32 rotates between the first angle and the second angle, the second cutting surface 92 within the range from point a to point b can be heated more uniformly.

[0038] The intersection here refers to the fact that the angles of the first cutting surface 91 and the second cutting surface are not parallel; the ends of the two cutting surfaces may or may not touch. The cutting range in the width direction of the second cutting surface 92 refers to the cutting width of the side of the cutting component 4. In reality, the direction on the corresponding second cutting surface 90 can be the height direction. Preferably, the first cutting surface 91 and the second cutting surface 92 are perpendicular. Because the laser beam emitted by the laser 32 rotates in the same direction as it irradiates from a to b, the direction in which the driving component 5 moves the laser 32 axially is also the same. After reaching position b, it needs to rotate in the opposite direction to reach position a, at which point the laser 32 will also move in the opposite direction due to the linkage. Therefore, when the laser beam emitted by the laser 32 irradiates from a to b, without the driving component 5 moving the laser 32 along its own axis, the distance between the laser head of the laser 32 and the corresponding irradiation position of the second cutting surface 92 should preferably change unidirectionally, that is, gradually increase or gradually decrease. This allows for better adjustment of the actual distance of the laser beam emitted by the laser head of the laser 32, ensuring the heating effect. Of course, this is the preferred technical effect, not the necessary technical effect.

[0039] It is important to note that during the axial movement of the laser 32 relative to the ring 33, it is necessary to ensure that the laser head on the laser 32 does not touch the second cutting surface 92 of the workpiece 9. Preferably, a distance sensor (electrically connected to the central controller) can be provided on the laser head of the laser 32 to monitor the distance between the laser head and the second cutting surface 92 of the workpiece 9 in real time. (When the monitored distance is less than the preset safety range, the central controller controls the rotating motor 34 to stop working or controls the first moving part 11, the second moving part 12, or the third moving part 13 to stop moving.) This is to prevent the laser head on the laser 32 from touching the second cutting surface 92 when the shape of the second cutting surface 92 of the workpiece 9 changes abruptly, thus preventing unnecessary safety accidents.

[0040] Furthermore, refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the cutting assembly 4 includes a cutting drive mechanism fixedly mounted on the mounting bracket 2. The cutting drive mechanism drives the tool body 43 to rotate via a tool holder 42 coaxial with its own output shaft. Cutting tools are respectively provided on one end face and the periphery of the tool body 43 to cut the first cutting surface 91 and the second cutting surface 92. The cutting drive mechanism can be a cutting motor 41. Specifically: the tool holder 42 is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the cutting motor 41. The tool holder 42 is used to fix the tool body 43 onto the output shaft of the cutting motor 41 (the tool body 43 and the tool holder 42 are detachable; depending on the cutting task, a suitable tool body 43 is selected and fixedly mounted on the tool holder 42. The tool holder 42 used to fix the tool body 43 is existing technology in this field, and its structure will not be described in detail here). Figure 6 As shown, a first cutting section 431 is provided at the end of the cutter body 43 away from the cutting motor 41. The first cutting section 431 includes a plurality of first cutting blades spaced apart and arranged around the axial center line of the cutter body 43. When the cutting assembly 4 is in the first cutting mode, the plurality of first cutting blades cut the first cutting surface 91 of the workpiece 9. At this time, the cutter body 43 is in the end face cutting state. A second cutting section 432 is provided on the peripheral side wall of the end of the cutter body 43 away from the cutting motor 41. The second cutting section 432 includes a plurality of second cutting blades spaced apart and arranged around the peripheral side wall of the cutter body 43. When the cutting assembly 4 is in the second cutting mode, the plurality of second cutting blades cut the second cutting surface 92 of the workpiece 9. At this time, the cutter body 43 is in the side cutting state.

[0041] Since the cutting blades are provided at the end and around the periphery of the blade body 43, side cutting and end face cutting of the workpiece 9 can be achieved without changing the blade body 43. This allows different cutting tasks to be performed on the same workpiece 9, reducing downtime and labor intensity required for tool changes, thereby improving overall processing efficiency. At the same time, the laser assembly 3 has a first working position and a second working position to adapt to the preheating of the blade body 43 in different cutting modes, thereby improving cutting efficiency by better assisting the blade body 43 in cutting the workpiece 9.

[0042] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, further, an annular track 6 is fixedly provided below the housing of the mounting bracket 2 or the cutting drive mechanism, and the annular track 6 is coaxially spaced with the cutter body 43; a coaxial rotating ring 7 is rotatably provided inside the annular track 6, and the upper end of the support frame 31 is fixedly connected to the rotating ring 7.

[0043] For example, the upper end of the annular track 6 is fixedly connected to the housing or mounting bracket 2 of the cutting motor 41 via multiple connecting rods; an annular cavity is coaxially provided inside the annular track 6, and the rotating ring 7 is coaxially rotatably assembled in the annular cavity. A portion of the bottom of the annular cavity, such as the outer part, penetrates downward through the annular track 6, so that the bottom of the annular cavity communicates with the outside, for fixing the upper end of the support frame 31 and the bottom of the rotating ring 7; another portion of the bottom of the annular cavity is used to support the rotating ring 7. In addition, the annular cavity can also penetrate the outer circumference of the annular track 6. After the annular track 6 is manufactured as a whole, it can be cut into at least two arc-shaped structures. After the rotating ring 7 is installed in the annular cavity in the annular track 6, these arc-shaped structures can be fixed to form the whole annular track 6.

[0044] like Figure 10 As shown, the rotating ring 7 has several toothed gears 71 on its circumference; an adjusting gear 72, which meshes with the toothed gears 71 and is driven to rotate by a second drive mechanism fixed on the annular track 6, is rotatably mounted on the annular track 6. The second drive mechanism can be an adjusting motor 73. Specifically, the toothed gears 71 can be embedded within the rotating ring 7. The second drive mechanism is an adjusting motor 73. Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, an adjusting gear 72 that meshes with a gear train 71 is rotatably mounted on the annular track 6, and the adjusting gear 72 is driven by an adjusting motor 73 fixedly mounted on the annular track 6. The adjusting motor 73 can be electrically connected to a central controller. The adjusting motor 73 is electrically connected to the controller, and the central controller can control the rotation of the adjusting motor 73, thereby driving the rotating ring 7 to rotate, and driving the laser component 3 to rotate around the cutter body 43. Thus, the position of the laser component 3 relative to the cutter body 43 can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual workpiece 9 processing situation, so as to improve the flexibility of use of the multi-axis precision laser-assisted milling device. Preferably, the adjusting motor 73 is a motor with an electromagnetic controller, so that when the adjusting motor 73 is not working, its output shaft can be locked to prevent the rotating ring 7 from rotating unnecessarily within the annular track 6.

[0045] Furthermore, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, the precision laser-assisted milling device also includes a cutting frame 1. A first moving member 11, which moves along the X-direction, is slidably mounted on the cutting frame. A second moving member 12, which moves along the Y-direction, is slidably mounted on the first moving member 11. A third moving member 13, which moves along the Z-direction, is mounted on the second moving member 12. The mounting frame 2 is fixed to the third moving member 13. The first moving member 11, the second moving member 12, and the third moving member 13 are each driven by their respective drive structures, such as linear motors, or by existing structures like lead screw mechanisms. Under the control of the central controller, the drive structures of the first moving member 11, the second moving member 12, and the third moving member 13 work in coordination to drive the cutting assembly 4 and the laser assembly 3 to perform cutting operations on the workpiece 9 in different directions. The cutting frame 1 may also be provided with guide rails for the first moving member 11 to move, guide rails for the second moving member 12 to move, and guide rails for the mounting frame 2 to move on the third moving member 13.

[0046] Furthermore, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the cutting frame 1 is provided with several hollow square tubes 14 that are equidistantly installed along the Y direction. All hollow square tubes 14 extend along the X direction, forming a placement platform for placing the workpiece 9. The workpiece 9 is placed on the hollow square tubes 14 with gaps between adjacent tubes 14. The interior of each hollow square tube 14 is hollow. When cutting the workpiece 9, airflow can circulate within the hollow square tubes 14, thus quickly dissipating the heat generated during cutting. The gaps between adjacent hollow square tubes 14 further improve the heat dissipation efficiency for the workpiece 9.

[0047] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the cutting frame 1 is equipped with a positioning component 8. The positioning component 8 includes a pressure plate 81 positioned above the hollow square tube 14 and having a through slot, and a screw 82 positioned between adjacent hollow square tubes 14. The screw 82 passes upward through the slot of the pressure plate and is threadedly connected to a nut 83 at its exit end. In specific implementation, the workpiece 9 is first placed in a suitable position. Then, the screw end of the screw 82 passes through the gap between two adjacent hollow square tubes 14 and the slot from bottom to top. A nut 83 is screwed onto the end of the screw 82 that exits the slot. Thus, under the action of the pressure plate 81, screw 82, and nut 83, the workpiece 9 is pressed against the placement platform composed of hollow square tubes 14 for positioning. In this embodiment, the number of pressure plates 81, screws 82, and nuts 83 can be selected according to the actual situation to ensure good positioning of the workpiece 9.

[0048] In specific implementation: The multi-axis precision laser-assisted milling device of this utility model has intersecting X, Y and Z directions, including a cutting frame 1 and a mounting frame 2, wherein the mounting frame 2 is movably mounted on the cutting frame 1 and can move in the X, Y and Z directions; the cutting component 4 is mounted on the mounting frame 2, and the mounting frame 2 moves along the X, Y and Z directions on the cutting frame 1, thereby driving the cutting component 4 to move, thereby achieving the effect of cutting the workpiece 9 in different directions such as X, Y and Z.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, workpiece 9 has a first cutting surface 91 and a second cutting surface 92, wherein the first cutting surface 91 extends horizontally and the second cutting surface 92 extends vertically; the cutting assembly 4 has a first cutting mode for cutting the first cutting surface 91 and a second cutting mode for cutting the second cutting surface 92; the cutting assembly 4 can switch between the first cutting mode and the second cutting mode to meet different cutting requirements of workpiece 9; the laser assembly 3 is movably mounted on the mounting frame 2, and the laser assembly 3 has a first working position and a second working position. When the cutting assembly 4 is in the first cutting mode, the laser assembly 3 is in the first working position, which is used to preheat the first cutting surface 91 of workpiece 9; when the cutting assembly 4 is in the second cutting mode, the laser assembly 3 is in the second working position, which is used to preheat the second cutting surface 92 of workpiece 9.

[0050] When the cutting assembly 4 is in the first cutting mode, it is a face cutting operation, that is, the cutting assembly 4 performs cutting operation on the first cutting surface 91 through the end of the cutting assembly 4 facing the first cutting surface 91; when the cutting assembly 4 is in the second cutting mode, it is a side cutting operation, that is, the cutting assembly 4 performs cutting operation on the second cutting surface 92 through the periphery of the cutting assembly 4, thereby realizing the cutting processing of different cutting surfaces on the workpiece 9.

[0051] When the cutting assembly 4 is in the first cutting mode, the first moving part 11 moves along the X direction. Figure 1 The laser assembly 3 moves in the direction indicated by the middle arrow, and at this time, the laser assembly 3 is in front of the cutting assembly 4, and the laser assembly 3 is in the first working position. Thus, as the first moving part 11 moves, the laser assembly 3, located in front and in the first working position, preheats the area to be cut. When the cutting assembly 4 moves to the preheated position, cutting is then performed on the preheated area, thereby improving the cutting conditions during the cutting process and increasing processing efficiency and quality. Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, when the cutting assembly 4 is in the second cutting mode, the first moving member 11 moves along the X direction. Figure 3 The laser component 3 moves in the direction indicated by the middle arrow. At this time, the laser component 3 is also in front of the cutting component 4, but the laser component 3 is in the second working position. This allows the laser component 3, which is in front and in the second working position, to preheat the part to be cut as the first moving part 11 moves. When the cutting component 4 moves to the preheated position, it then cuts the preheated position. This improves the cutting conditions during the milling process and increases the processing efficiency and quality.

[0052] Wherein, the laser 32 extends along the Z direction, that is, when the laser 32 is in a vertical state, the laser 32 is in the first working position (e.g., Figure 2 (As shown); the laser 32 reciprocates within a preset angle range between the first working position and the horizontal direction, so that the laser 32 is in the second working position (as shown). Figure 4 , Figure 9 (As shown). When the cutter body 43 is in the first cutting mode, that is, when it is in end face cutting, the laser 32 is in a vertical state and the high-energy laser beam emitted by the laser 32 irradiates the first cutting surface 91 located on the moving path of the cutter body 43 and in front of the cutter body 43 from top to bottom, thereby achieving the effect of preheating the cutting surface on the workpiece 9.

[0053] When the cutter body 43 is in the second cutting mode, that is, in side cutting, since the length of the second cutting part 432 is usually relatively long, the contact area between the second cutting part 432 and the surface to be cut of the workpiece 9 is large when performing side cutting on the workpiece 9. That is, the cutting range of the cutter body 43 on the second cutting surface 92 of the workpiece 9 is large when in the second cutting mode. At this time, the laser beam emitted by the laser 32 needs to preheat more areas on the second cutting surface 92. Therefore, when the cutter body 43 is in the second cutting mode, the laser 32 needs to reciprocate within a preset angle range between the first working position and the horizontal direction, so that the laser beam emitted by the laser 32 can move along the X direction with the first moving part 11 to cover as much of the cutting area of ​​the cutter body 43 on the second cutting surface 92 as possible, so that the part to be cut by the second cutting part 432 on the cutter body 43 can be preheated by the laser beam emitted by the laser 32 to improve the cutting effect.

[0054] like Figure 9 As shown, when the tool body 43 is in the second cutting mode, the laser 32 reciprocates within a preset angle range between the first working position and the horizontal direction, so that the high-energy laser beam emitted by the laser 32 can irradiate the area between a and b, thereby covering the cutting range of the workpiece 9 by the second cutting part 432 on the tool body 43. When the laser 32 rotates upward to a preset first angle, the high-energy laser beam emitted by the laser 32 irradiates point a. Then the laser 32 starts to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the laser beam moves from point a to point b. When the laser 32 rotates downward to a preset second angle, the high-energy laser beam emitted by the laser 32 irradiates point b. Then the laser 32 continues to repeat the above process, thereby preheating the workpiece 9 within the cutting range of the second cutting part 432 on the tool body 43. It should be noted that when the laser 32 reciprocates between the first angle and the second angle, the laser 32 is always in the second working position.

[0055] When the cutter body 43 is in the second cutting mode, the control motor 34 drives the ring 33 to reciprocate within the installation space 3111, that is, to reciprocate between the first angle and the second angle, so as to preheat the cutting area of ​​the second cutting part 432 on the cutter body 43. For example, the rotary motor 34 can be electrically connected to a central controller (the first moving part 11, the second moving part 12, and the third moving part 13 can all be electrically connected to the central controller, and the central controller controls the cooperative operation between the above components). When the cutter body 43 executes the second cutting mode, the central controller directly controls the rotary motor 34 to start and drive the first working position. The laser 32 (in vertical position) first rotates to the second angle position, then continues to drive the ring 33 to rotate to the first angle position. When it reaches the first angle position, the central controller controls the rotating motor 34 to reverse and drive the ring 33 to rotate to the second angle position, and so on, until it reaches the second angle position and continues to rotate in the opposite direction, repeating the above reciprocating rotation process. The rotating motor 34 is a motor with an electromagnetic controller (with a power-off self-locking function). The power-off self-locking function ensures that when the laser 32 is in the first working position (at which time the rotating motor 34 is not working), the motor shaft can safely stop or remain in the current position to prevent rotation. The settings of the first angle and the second angle can be selected according to the actual processing conditions to choose suitable setting parameters. In short, as long as the laser beam emitted by the laser 32 can uniformly heat the part cut by the second cutting part 432 on the tool body 43, it is acceptable.

[0056] When the rotating motor 34 drives the ring 33 to reciprocate within the mounting space 3111, it synchronously drives the second gear 53 to move along the gear ring 51. The gear ring 51 then drives the rotating shaft, which is coaxially fixed with the second gear 53, to rotate, which in turn drives the first gear 52 to rotate. As the first gear 52 rotates, it drives the laser 32 to move axially relative to the ring 33 through the meshing rack 54. Since the ring 33 reciprocates directly between the first and second angles, the laser 32 also reciprocates axially relative to the ring 33. This allows the second cutting surface 92 within the range from point a to point b to be heated more uniformly when the laser 32 rotates between the first and second angles.

[0057] The technical features of the embodiments described above can be combined in any way, and as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should all be considered within the scope of this specification. Without departing from the overall concept of this utility model, any equivalent substitutions or modifications made to the technical solution of this utility model, as well as any changes and improvements, should also be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A precision laser-assisted milling device, comprising a mounting frame (2), a cutting assembly (4) arranged on the mounting frame (2), and a laser assembly (3), the laser assembly (3) comprising a laser (32) and an angle adjustment mechanism for adjusting the angle of the laser (32); characterized in that: The angle adjustment mechanism includes a first drive mechanism, which drives the laser (32) to rotate so that its emission direction changes between at least two non-parallel cutting surfaces. The first drive mechanism is electrically connected to a central controller.

2. The precision laser-assisted milling device of claim 1, wherein: The laser assembly (3) also includes a support frame (31), with an installation space (3111) at the bottom of the support frame (31), and the laser (32) is disposed in the installation space (3111); the first drive mechanism is disposed at the bottom of the support frame (31); the laser assembly (3) includes a ring (33), the laser (32) is coaxially inserted in the ring (33) and rotates together with the ring (33), the output end of the first drive mechanism is fixedly connected to the ring (33), and the axis of the ring (33) is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the laser (32).

3. The precision laser-assisted milling device of claim 2, wherein: The laser (32) and the ring (33) are slidably connected along the axial direction of the ring (33). A driving component (5) is provided between the ring (33) and the laser (32). When the first driving mechanism drives the ring (33) and the laser (32) to rotate, the driving component (5) drives the laser (32) to move axially along the axis of the ring (33) at the same time. When the ring (33) and the laser (32) rotate in opposite directions, the driving component (5) drives the laser (32) to move axially in opposite directions along the axis of the ring (33) at the same time.

4. The precision laser-assisted milling device of claim 3, wherein: The drive assembly (5) includes a gear ring (51) with the same rotation axis as the ring (33) and the same axis as the output shaft of the first drive mechanism. The gear ring (51) is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the support frame (31). A rack (54) with its length direction parallel to the length direction of the laser (32) is fixedly installed on the laser. A first gear (52) that meshes with the rack (54) is rotatably disposed on the circumferential side of the ring. The first gear (52) is fixedly connected to a coaxial second gear (53) through a rotating shaft. The second gear (53) cooperates with the gear ring (51).

5. The precision laser-assisted milling device of claim 4, wherein: The bottom of the support frame (31) is provided with an inverted U-shaped part (311), and the installation space (3111) is provided inside the inverted U-shaped part (311); the first drive mechanism and the gear ring (51) are both provided on the inverted U-shaped part (311); a distance sensor is provided on the laser head of the laser (32).

6. The precision laser-assisted milling device of claim 5, wherein: The support frame (31) and the inverted U-shaped part (311) are rotatably connected and a third drive mechanism is provided between them; the support frame (31) is an electric telescopic cylinder.

7. The precision laser-assisted milling device of any one of claims 3-6, wherein: The cutting assembly (4) has a first cutting mode for cutting a horizontal first cutting surface (91) of the workpiece (9), and a second cutting mode for cutting a second cutting surface (92) that intersects the direction of the first cutting surface (91); the cutting assembly (4) switches between the first cutting mode and the second cutting mode; the laser assembly (3) preheats the first cutting surface (91) in the first working position; when the laser (32) of the laser assembly (3) rotates to the second working position, it preheats the second cutting surface (92), at which time the first driving mechanism drives the laser (32) to preheat. 2) The laser beam emitted by the laser (32) oscillates back and forth within a predetermined angle, thereby covering the cutting range of the cutting assembly (4) on the second cutting surface (92) in the width direction. The laser (32) at the limit positions a and b of the irradiation area on the second cutting surface (92) gradually increases or decreases when the laser head of the laser (32) and the corresponding irradiation positions of the second cutting surface (92) are not moved along the axis of the ring by the driving assembly (5) during the process of irradiating from a to b.

8. The precision laser-assisted milling device of claim 7, wherein: The cutting assembly (4) includes a cutting drive mechanism fixedly mounted on the mounting frame (2). The cutting drive mechanism drives the cutter body (43) to rotate through a cutter clip (42) coaxial with its output shaft. Cutting tools are respectively provided on the end face and the periphery of one end of the cutter body (43) to cut the first cutting surface (91) and the second cutting surface (92) respectively. An annular track (6) is fixedly mounted below the mounting frame (2) or the housing of the cutting drive mechanism. The annular track (6) is coaxially spaced with the cutter body (43). A coaxial rotating ring (7) is rotatably mounted inside the annular track (6). The upper end of the support frame (31) is fixedly connected to the rotating ring (7). A plurality of gear trains (71) are provided on the periphery of the rotating ring (7). An adjusting gear (72) that meshes with the gear trains (71) and is driven to rotate by the second drive mechanism fixed on the annular track (6) is rotatably mounted on the annular track (6).

9. The precision laser-assisted milling device according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein: It also includes a cutting frame (1), on which a first moving part (11) that moves along the X direction is slidably disposed, a second moving part (12) that moves along the Y direction is slidably disposed on the first moving part (11), and a third moving part (13) that moves along the Z direction is disposed on the second moving part (12); the mounting frame (2) is fixed on the third moving part (13); the first moving part (11), the second moving part (12), and the third moving part (13) are each driven to move by their respective driving structures.

10. The precision laser-assisted milling device of claim 9, wherein: The cutting frame (1) is provided with a plurality of hollow square tubes (14) that are equidistantly installed along the Y direction. The hollow square tubes (14) all extend along the X direction to form a placement platform for placing the workpiece (9). The cutting frame (1) is provided with a positioning element (8). The positioning element (8) includes a pressure plate (81) that is provided above the hollow square tubes (14) and has a through hole, and also includes a screw (82) that is provided between the gaps of adjacent hollow square tubes (14). The screw (82) passes upward through the hole of the pressure plate and a nut (83) is provided at the protruding end by a threaded connection.

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