A sand spreading device

Abstract

This utility model relates to the technical field of sand spreading equipment, specifically a sand spreading device. It includes a material box, a feeding pipe, a mixing pipe, a nozzle, a crushing device, and an air jetting device. The feeding pipe is connected to the bottom of the material box; the mixing pipe is connected to the bottom of the feeding pipe; the nozzle is installed at the end of the mixing pipe; the crushing device includes a motor, a drive shaft, blades, and an auger. The motor is mounted on the material box, the drive shaft is connected to the motor output shaft, and both the blades and the auger are mounted on the drive shaft. The blades are located inside the material box, while the auger is located inside the feeding pipe; the air jetting device is used to deliver high-speed airflow into the mixing pipe. This utility model achieves stable conveying and deep crushing of sand through motor-driven blades, an auger, and blades; utilizes high-speed airflow provided by a blower to achieve pneumatic conveying and acceleration of sand within the mixing pipe; and finally, the sand is ejected from the nozzle, greatly reducing the risk of agglomerated sand particles clogging the pipeline.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of sand spreading equipment technology, and in particular to a sand spreading device. Background Technology

[0002] A sand-spreading device is a unique anti-slip and anti-skid mechanism used on railway locomotives. It is fixed to the locomotive's wheelsets. Air is supplied through the main air reservoir. During locomotive operation, when slippage or skidding occurs, the locomotive controls the sand-spreading electronic valve to cause the device to spread sand on the railway rails, preventing slippage and skidding.

[0003] Currently, common sand spreading devices mainly employ gravity feeding or mechanical conveying combined with air jetting. However, existing technologies still have the following significant drawbacks in terms of practicality and reliability: sand is prone to agglomeration and feeding is not smooth. Sand stored in the hopper (especially highly hygroscopic quartz sand, fused silica sand, etc.) is extremely susceptible to moisture absorption and caking during transportation or storage, forming lumps or causing "bridging" phenomena. Traditional devices lack effective online crushing mechanisms, leading to agglomerated sand clogging the feed inlet, causing interruptions or uneven feeding, seriously affecting the continuity and effectiveness of sand spreading; furthermore, traditional sand particles relying solely on gravity feeding are easily affected by material state and level, resulting in large flow fluctuations. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the background technology by proposing a sand-spreading device.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is a sand spreading device, which includes a material box, a feeding pipe, a mixing pipe, a nozzle, a crushing device, and a jetting device;

[0006] The feeding pipe is connected to the bottom of the material box; the mixing pipe is connected to the bottom of the feeding pipe; the nozzle is installed at the end of the mixing pipe; the crushing device includes a motor, a drive shaft, blades and an auger, the motor is installed on the material box, the drive shaft is connected to the motor output shaft, the blades and the auger are both installed on the drive shaft, wherein the blades are located inside the material box, and the auger is located inside the feeding pipe; the jetting device is used to deliver high-speed airflow into the mixing pipe.

[0007] Preferably, it also includes a sealing device, which includes a sealing plug and a driving assembly. The driving assembly includes a rotating plate, a rotating rod, a permanent magnet, an electromagnet, and an elastic reset assembly. A fixed frame is installed on the mixing tube. The rotating plate is rotatably installed on the fixed frame and adjacent to one end of the nozzle. The sealing plug is connected to the rotating plate. The permanent magnet is slidably disposed on the fixed frame. The two ends of the rotating rod are rotatably connected to the rotating plate and the permanent magnet, respectively. The permanent magnet is connected to the fixed frame through the elastic reset assembly. The electromagnet is installed on the fixed frame.

[0008] Preferably, the elastic reset assembly includes a guide rod, a spring, a connecting slider, and a limiting block. The guide rod is connected to the fixed frame, the connecting slider is connected to the permanent magnet, the connecting slider is slidably disposed on the guide rod, the limiting block is disposed at the end of the guide rod, and the spring is sleeved and installed on the guide rod.

[0009] Preferably, the jetting device includes a blower and an air outlet pipe. The blower is mounted on the material box, and the output end of the blower is connected to the input end of the mixing pipe through the air outlet pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the inner cavity of the hopper has a funnel structure.

[0011] Preferably, a blade is mounted on the drive shaft and located below the auger.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: the sand spreading device achieves stable conveying and deep crushing of sand through motor-driven blades, auger and blades; it utilizes the high-speed airflow provided by the blower to achieve pneumatic conveying and acceleration of sand in the mixing pipe; and finally sprays it out through the nozzle, which can greatly reduce the risk of agglomerated sand particles clogging the pipeline. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mixing pipe and sealing device in this utility model.

[0016] Reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Feed hopper; 2. Feed pipe; 3. Mixing pipe; 4. Nozzle; 5. Fan; 6. Air outlet pipe; 7. Motor; 8. Drive shaft; 9. Blade; 10. Screwdriver; 11. Sealing plug; 12. Fixing frame; 13. Rotating plate; 14. Rotating rod; 15. Permanent magnet; 16. Electromagnet; 17. Guide rod; 18. Spring; 19. Connecting slider; 20. Limit block. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Example 1

[0018] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the sand spreading device proposed in this embodiment includes a material box 1, a feeding pipe 2, a mixing pipe 3, a nozzle 4, a crushing device, and an air jetting device.

[0019] The bottom of the inner cavity of the material box 1 is a funnel structure, and the feeding pipe 2 is connected to the bottom of the material box 1; the mixing pipe 3 is connected to the bottom of the feeding pipe 2; the nozzle 4 is installed at the end of the mixing pipe 3.

[0020] The crushing device includes a motor 7, a drive shaft 8, blades 9, and an auger 10. The motor 7 is mounted on the material box 1, and the drive shaft 8 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 7. Both the blades 9 and the auger 10 are mounted on the drive shaft 8. The blades 9 are located inside the material box 1, while the auger 10 is located inside the feed pipe 2. Blades are mounted on the drive shaft 8 and below the auger 10.

[0021] The jetting device is used to deliver high-speed airflow into the mixing pipe 3. The jetting device includes a blower 5 and an air outlet pipe 6. The blower 5 is installed on the material box 1, and the output end of the blower 5 is connected to the input end of the mixing pipe 3 through the air outlet pipe 6.

[0022] Furthermore, the technical solution employs a microcontroller to control the fan 5, motor 7, and electromagnet 16.

[0023] The workflow of this technical solution is as follows:

[0024] Sand conveying: The spiral blades of the auger 10 continuously and stably push the sand downwards to the bottom outlet of the discharge pipe 2. This mechanical conveying method overcomes the instability that may occur if the material is fed by gravity alone.

[0025] Primary crushing: Motor 7 starts, driving drive shaft 8 to rotate, which in turn drives auger 10 mounted on drive shaft 8 to rotate. During the conveying process, the spiral blades of auger 10 have a certain squeezing and crushing effect on the sand, especially smaller lumps. To further ensure the fineness of the sand particles, the rotating blades 9 on drive shaft 8 continuously agitate the sand, effectively breaking up any sand lumps that may form and ensuring the flowability of the sand. Blades are installed on drive shaft 8 and below the spiral blades of auger 10 (near the outlet). These high-speed rotating blades cut and impact the passing sand, achieving secondary crushing, effectively solving the problem of sand caking, and ensuring that the final sprayed sand particles are fine and uniform.

[0026] Pneumatic mixing and discharge: The crushed and conveyed sand enters the mixing pipe 3 from the bottom of the feed pipe 2. The blower 5 generates a high-speed airflow, which is forcefully injected into the input end of the mixing pipe 3 through the air outlet pipe 6. Inside the mixing pipe 3, the high-speed airflow meets and mixes with the falling sand flow. This mixing process greatly improves the fluidity of the sand particles and provides the main power for subsequent spraying. The nozzle 4 is installed at the end of the mixing pipe 3 and is the final outlet of the sand-air mixture. Under the propulsion of the airflow, the sand-air mixture in the mixing pipe 3 is sprayed out at high speed through the open nozzle 4 and evenly spread on the target area (such as a railway track).

[0027] In summary, this sand spreading device achieves stable conveying and deep crushing of sand through blades 9 driven by motor 7, auger 10 and blades; it utilizes the high-speed airflow provided by blower 5 to achieve pneumatic conveying and acceleration of sand in mixing pipe 3; and finally sprays it out through nozzle 4, which can greatly reduce the risk of agglomerated sand particles clogging the pipeline.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the sand-spreading device proposed in this embodiment, compared with Embodiment 1, further includes a sealing device. The sealing device includes a sealing plug 11 and a driving assembly. The driving assembly includes a rotating plate 13, a rotating rod 14, a permanent magnet 15, an electromagnet 16, and an elastic reset assembly. A fixed frame 12 is installed on the mixing tube 3. The rotating plate 13 is rotatably installed on the fixed frame 12 and adjacent to one end of the nozzle 4. The sealing plug 11 is connected to the rotating plate 13. The permanent magnet 15 is slidably disposed on the fixed frame 12. The two ends of the rotating rod 14 are... The electromagnet 16 is rotatably connected to the rotating plate 13 and the permanent magnet 15 respectively. The permanent magnet 15 is connected to the fixed frame 12 through an elastic reset assembly. The elastic reset assembly includes a guide rod 17, a spring 18, a connecting slider 19 and a limiting block 20. The guide rod 17 is connected to the fixed frame 12, the connecting slider 19 is connected to the permanent magnet 15, the connecting slider 19 is slidably disposed on the guide rod 17, the limiting block 20 is disposed at the end of the guide rod 17, the spring 18 is sleeved and installed on the guide rod 17, and the electromagnet 16 is installed on the fixed frame 12.

[0030] In this embodiment, when sand spreading is required, the control system energizes the electromagnet 16. The energized electromagnet 16 generates a magnetic field, attracting the permanent magnet 15. The permanent magnet 15 overcomes the resistance of the elastic reset assembly and slides along the fixed frame 12 toward the electromagnet 16. The movement of the permanent magnet 15 is transmitted to the rotating plate 13 through the rotating rod 14 rotatably connected to it. The rotating rod 14 pushes or pulls the rotating plate 13, causing it to rotate around the axis. At this time, the sealing plug 11 connected to the rotating plate 13 moves away from the outlet of the nozzle 4. When sand spreading needs to be stopped, the control system cuts off the power. When the power supply to magnet 16 is turned off, the magnetism of electromagnet 16 disappears, and it no longer attracts permanent magnet 15. At this time, the elastic reset component immediately takes effect, causing the connecting slider 19 to drive permanent magnet 15 back to its initial position, thereby causing the sealing plug 11 to tightly press against the outlet of nozzle 4. The sealing plug 11 effectively blocks the connection between mixing pipe 3 and the external environment, preventing residual sand from contaminating or clogging the nozzle due to gravity or residual pressure leakage. It also prevents external impurities (such as rainwater and dust) from entering the pipe, which helps reduce the possibility of sand agglomeration.

[0031] In this embodiment, the sealing device based on the electromagnet 16, permanent magnet 15, rotating rod 14, rotating plate 13 and elastic reset assembly realizes the precise and rapid opening and closing of the sealing plug 11 at the nozzle 4 outlet, ensuring reliable sealing at the end of the operation and preventing leakage.

[0032] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sand-spreading device, characterized in that, It includes a material box (1), a feeding pipe (2), a mixing pipe (3), a nozzle (4), a crushing device, and an air jetting device; The feeding pipe (2) is connected to the bottom end of the material box (1); the mixing pipe (3) is connected to the bottom end of the feeding pipe (2); the nozzle (4) is installed at the end of the mixing pipe (3); the crushing device includes a motor (7), a drive shaft (8), blades (9) and an auger (10). The motor (7) is installed on the material box (1), the drive shaft (8) is connected to the output shaft of the motor (7), and the blades (9) and the auger (10) are both installed on the drive shaft (8). The blades (9) are located inside the material box (1), while the auger (10) is located inside the feeding pipe (2); the jetting device is used to deliver high-speed airflow into the mixing pipe (3).

2. The sand spreading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a sealing device, which includes a sealing plug (11) and a drive assembly. The drive assembly includes a rotating plate (13), a rotating rod (14), a permanent magnet (15), an electromagnet (16), and an elastic reset assembly. A fixed frame (12) is installed on the mixing tube (3). The rotating plate (13) is rotatably installed on the fixed frame (12) and adjacent to one end of the nozzle (4). The sealing plug (11) is connected to the rotating plate (13). The permanent magnet (15) is slidably set on the fixed frame (12). The two ends of the rotating rod (14) are rotatably connected to the rotating plate (13) and the permanent magnet (15) respectively. The permanent magnet (15) is connected to the fixed frame (12) through the elastic reset assembly. The electromagnet (16) is installed on the fixed frame (12).

3. A sand-spreading device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The elastic reset assembly includes a guide rod (17), a spring (18), a connecting slider (19), and a limiting block (20). The guide rod (17) is connected to the fixing frame (12), the connecting slider (19) is connected to the permanent magnet (15), the connecting slider (19) is slidably disposed on the guide rod (17), the limiting block (20) is disposed at the end of the guide rod (17), and the spring (18) is sleeved and installed on the guide rod (17).

4. A sand-spreading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The jetting device includes a blower (5) and an air outlet pipe (6). The blower (5) is installed on the material box (1), and the output end of the blower (5) is connected to the input end of the mixing pipe (3) through the air outlet pipe (6).

5. A sand-spreading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the inner cavity of the material box (1) is a funnel structure.

6. A sand-spreading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A blade is mounted on the drive shaft (8) and below the auger (10).

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