Electric motors, electric propulsion systems and aircraft

Abstract

This application provides an electric motor, an electric propulsion device, and an aircraft, relating to the field of aircraft technology. The electric motor includes a stator, bearings, a rotor, and a conductive assembly. The rotor is rotatably connected to the stator via bearings, and the bearings and stator are insulated from each other. The conductive assembly has one end conductively connected to the bearing and the other end extending to the outside of the electric motor. Because the electric motor of this application conducts the current on the bearing to the outside of the electric motor through the conductive assembly, and the bearings and stator are insulated from each other, the current on the bearing will not be conducted to the stator, thus ensuring that the current on the bearing does not flow to the stator. Furthermore, the conductive assembly guides lightning and electrostatic currents. By conducting the current transmitted from the rotor hub to the outside of the electric motor, the conductive assembly protects the internal components of the electric motor, improving the electric motor's protection against lightning and electrostatic discharge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of aircraft technology, and in particular to an electric motor, an electric propulsion device, and an aircraft. Background Technology

[0002] An electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft is an aircraft that uses electricity as its power source and has vertical take-off and landing capabilities. It features vertical take-off and landing, intelligent operation, low noise, low emissions, easy maintenance, and high safety. The electric propulsion system provides lift or thrust to the eVTOL aircraft (hereinafter referred to as the aircraft), including electric motors and propellers. During flight, the aircraft is susceptible to lightning strikes or static electricity generated by friction between the propeller blades and the air. These lightning strikes and static electricity can affect the stability of the electric motor. Related technologies employ carbon brushes or slip rings between the rotor and stator of the electric motor to guide the current from lightning strikes or static electricity.

[0003] However, the aforementioned lightning and electrostatic protection methods can easily affect electric motors and their internal motor controllers, requiring frequent maintenance and offering poor protection. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides an electric motor, an electric propulsion device, and an aircraft to solve the technical problem of poor lightning and electrostatic protection for electric motors in existing aircraft.

[0005] A first aspect of this application provides an electric motor, comprising:

[0006] stator;

[0007] Bearings;

[0008] The rotor is configured to be connected to the hub of an electric propulsion device, and the rotor is rotatably connected to the stator via the bearings and the bearings are insulated from the stator.

[0009] A conductive component, one end of which is electrically connected to the bearing, and the other end of which extends to the outside of the electric motor.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the rotor is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the stator and forms a rotational clearance. The bearing includes an inner bearing ring, an outer bearing ring, and a bearing rolling element rotatably disposed between the inner bearing ring and the outer bearing ring. The inner bearing ring is connected to the rotor, and the outer bearing ring is insulatedly connected to the inside of the stator.

[0011] The rotation gap is insulated.

[0012] And / or, conductive grease is provided between the inner ring of the bearing and the rolling elements of the bearing;

[0013] And / or, conductive grease is provided between the outer ring of the bearing and the rolling elements of the bearing.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the conductive component includes a conductive lug, a conductive wire, and an electromagnetic shielding sleeve. The conductive lug is connected to the outer ring of the bearing and is insulated from both the rotor and the stator. One end of the conductive wire is connected to the end of the conductive lug away from the outer ring of the bearing, and the other end of the conductive wire extends to the outside of the electric motor. The electromagnetic shielding sleeve is fitted over the conductive wire.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the end of the conductive lug that is away from the outer ring of the bearing extends toward the side close to the rotation center line of the rotor;

[0016] And / or, an insulating layer is provided on the side of the conductive lug closest to the stator;

[0017] And / or, an insulating layer is provided on the side of the conductive ear near the rotor;

[0018] And / or, the conductive component further includes a conductive ring, the conductive ring being coaxial with the outer ring of the bearing and electrically connected to the outer ring of the bearing, and the conductive ring being insulated from the stator, and the conductive lug being electrically connected to the conductive ring.

[0019] In one possible implementation, a motor controller is also included, which is disposed on the side of the stator opposite to the propeller hub; the conductive components are spaced apart from the electronic components of the motor controller.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the motor also includes a motor rear cover and a stator bracket, the motor controller is disposed in the cavity enclosed by the stator bracket and the motor rear cover, the motor controller includes a controller mounting plate, the controller mounting plate is provided with a controller through hole, and the conductive component passes through the controller through hole and leads to the outside of the electric motor;

[0021] And / or, the motor rear cover has a motor rear cover through hole, and the conductive component passes through the motor rear cover through hole.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the electronic component includes a first type of electronic component and a second type of electronic component, wherein the electromagnetic susceptibility of the first type of electronic component is higher than that of the second type of electronic component.

[0023] The distance between the first type of electronic component and the through hole of the controller is greater than the distance between the second type of electronic component and the through hole of the controller.

[0024] In one possible implementation, a motor controller is further included, the motor controller being disposed on the side of the stator away from the propeller hub; the conductive component is spaced apart from the electronic components of the motor controller, the conductive component including conductive lugs and conductive wires, the stator having a stator support, the conductive component passing through the stator support and leading to the outside of the electric motor; an electromagnetic shielding channel is provided on the stator support, one end of the electromagnetic shielding channel being located on the side of the stator near the outer ring of the bearing;

[0025] One end of the conductive lug is connected to the outer ring of the bearing, and the other end of the conductive lug extends into the electromagnetic shielding channel and is insulated from the electromagnetic shielding channel. One end of the conductive wire is connected to the conductive lug, and the other end of the conductive wire passes through the electromagnetic shielding channel and extends to the outside of the electric motor.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the electronic component includes a first type of electronic component and a second type of electronic component, wherein the electromagnetic susceptibility of the first type of electronic component is higher than that of the second type of electronic component.

[0027] The distance between the first type of electronic component and the electromagnetic shielding channel is greater than the distance between the second type of electronic component and the electromagnetic shielding channel.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the electromagnetic shielding channel is configured as a reinforcing rib of the stator support.

[0029] A second aspect of this application provides an electric propulsion device, comprising:

[0030] Paddle blades;

[0031] The propeller hub is electrically connected to the propeller blades;

[0032] The electric motor described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the rotor of the electric motor is connected to the propeller hub.

[0033] In one possible implementation, a pitch control mechanism is also included, which is connected to the blade root and the blade hub.

[0034] The connection between the pitch mechanism and the propeller root, as well as the connection between the pitch mechanism and the propeller hub, are both insulated.

[0035] A third aspect of this application provides an aircraft, comprising:

[0036] The body, the body being externally covered with a skin, the skin being a conductive component;

[0037] The electric motor described in any one of the preceding claims; or the electric propulsion device described in any one of the preceding claims;

[0038] The conductive components of the electric motor are electrically connected to the skin.

[0039] This application provides an electric motor, an electric propulsion device, and an aircraft. The electric motor includes a stator, bearings, a rotor, and a conductive component. The rotor is configured to be connected to the hub of the electric propulsion device. The rotor is rotatably connected to the stator via bearings, and the bearings and stator are insulated from each other. One end of the conductive component is conductively connected to the bearing, and the other end extends to the outside of the electric motor. In the electric motor of this application, the rotor is connected to the hub of the electric propulsion device. The rotor drives the blades on the hub to rotate, thereby realizing the propulsion of the electric propulsion device. When the aircraft is struck by lightning or static electricity is generated on the blades, causing current to flow into the blades, the current will be transmitted to the hub, and the current in the hub will be transmitted to the rotor. The rotor is rotatably connected to the stator via bearings, so the current in the rotor will be transmitted to the bearings. Because the bearings and stator are insulated from each other, the current in the bearings will not be transmitted to the stator. Because the conductive component is conductively connected to the bearing, the conductive component can lead the current in the bearing to the outside of the electric motor, such as to the skin of the aircraft fuselage. Since the electric motor of this application connects the bearing to the hub via the conductive component, the current in the rotor will be transmitted to the hub, and the current in the hub will be transmitted to the rotor. The current in the hub will be transmitted to the rotor, and the current in the rotor will be transmitted to the bearing. Because the bearing is insulated from the stator, the current in the bearing will not be transmitted to the stator. Because the conductive component is conductively connected to the bearing, the conductive component can lead the current in the bearing to the outside of the electric motor, such as to the skin of the aircraft fuselage. The current in the bearing is led to the outside of the electric motor, and the bearing and stator are insulated to prevent the current in the bearing from flowing to the stator. This ensures that the current from lightning and static current on the blades and hub will not flow to the stator. The conductive component also guides the current from the hub to the outside of the electric motor, thus protecting the internal components of the electric motor and improving its protection against lightning and static electricity. Furthermore, by leading the current in the bearing to the outside of the electric motor through the conductive component, the impact of irregular discharge at the gap between the rotor and stator on the stator windings can be reduced, and the probability of bearing erosion due to static electricity can also be reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0040] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an aircraft provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electric propulsion device provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 3 Another schematic diagram of the electric propulsion device provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 4 A cross-sectional structural diagram of an electric motor provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 5 Another cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of an electric motor provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an electric motor with an electromagnetic shielding channel provided on the stator, provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the conductive lug in an electric motor provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the connection between the outer ring of the bearing and the stator in an electric motor provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 9 Another schematic diagram of the connection between the outer ring of the bearing and the stator in an electric motor provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 10 Another schematic diagram of the connection between the outer ring of the bearing and the stator in an electric motor provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 11 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the first type of electronic components, the second type of electronic components, and the electromagnetic shielding sleeve in an electric motor provided for embodiments of this application.

[0052] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0053] 10-Fuse; 11-Wing; 12-Tail; 13-Arm; 14-Nacelle;

[0054] 20-Electric propulsion device; 21-Propeller blade; 22-Propeller hub; 23-Pitch mechanism;

[0055] 30-winding;

[0056] 40-Magnetic steel;

[0057] 100 - Stator; 110 - Motor rear cover;

[0058] 200 - Bearing; 210 - Bearing inner ring; 220 - Bearing outer ring; 230 - Bearing rolling element;

[0059] 300 - Rotor; 310 - Shaft;

[0060] 400 - Conductive component; 410 - Conductive lug; 420 - Conductive wire; 430 - Electromagnetic shielding sleeve; 440 - Terminal block; 450 - Conductive ring;

[0061] 500 - Insulation layer;

[0062] 600 - Motor controller; 610 - Controller through hole;

[0063] 700 - Class I electronic components;

[0064] 800 - Second type of electronic component; 810 - Second preset range;

[0065] 900 - Electromagnetic shielding channel.

[0066] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0067] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0068] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of this application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0069] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0070] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this application involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the meaning of "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions; for example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, and a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0071] Electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft are aircraft that use electricity as their flight power source and have vertical take-off and landing capabilities. They are characterized by vertical take-off and landing, intelligent operation, low noise, low emissions, easy maintenance, and high safety.

[0072] An electric vertical takeoff and landing (EVTOL) aircraft (hereinafter referred to as the aircraft) comprises an airframe and an electric propulsion system. The airframe is covered with a skin, and the electric propulsion system is mounted on the airframe. The electric propulsion system includes blades, a hub, and an electric motor. The blades are connected to the hub, which is connected to the rotor of the electric motor. The rotor of the electric motor drives the blades to rotate via the hub. The electric motor provides power to the aircraft. During flight, the aircraft is susceptible to lightning strikes or static electricity generated by friction between the blades. This lightning and static electricity will be transmitted to the electric motor through the blades and hub, affecting the stability of the electric motor and impacting its internal motor controller. This can easily interfere with the electronic components of the motor controller, causing them to malfunction or be damaged. Related technologies employ carbon brushes or slip rings between the rotor and stator of the electric motor to guide the current from lightning or static electricity.

[0073] Specifically, the conductive slip ring is installed on the rotor shaft, the carbon brush assembly is fixed on the stator side, and the carbon brush is connected to the aircraft fuselage grounding network through wires, ultimately guiding the current into the airborne lightning protection system or directly discharging it into the atmosphere.

[0074] The design of using carbon brushes or slip rings on electric motors to guide lightning or electrostatic current has significant protective flaws. The main problems stem from the dynamic instability of the mechanical contact structure, insufficient high-current carrying capacity, poor environmental adaptability, and the ease with which current can be conducted to the stator. Specifically, poor dynamic contact between the carbon brush and slip ring is a major issue. While the carbon brush maintains contact with the rotating slip ring through spring pressure, it is prone to radial oscillation during operation, leading to fluctuations in contact resistance. Increased contact resistance can trigger localized high temperatures during a lightning strike, even fusion of the contact surfaces, causing the conductive path to fail and resulting in protective failure. Since the stator and rotor are connected by bearings, when the carbon brush and slip ring fail, current will be conducted to the stator through the bearings, causing electromagnetic interference or damage to the electronic components in the motor controller on the stator. Furthermore, lightning strikes are instantaneous and prone to... The friction between the carbon brushes and slip rings can damage their conductivity. Carbon dust, generated by friction, can accumulate and cause short circuits or arcing, leading to protection failure. Ultimately, this can cause current to be diverted to the stator, resulting in electromagnetic interference or damage to the electronic components in the motor controller. Furthermore, the need for regular maintenance, cleaning, or replacement of carbon brushes and slip rings, including the removal of shed carbon dust, necessitates frequent maintenance. Moreover, carbon brushes and slip rings are only suitable for low-speed motors; high-speed motors will damage their conductivity.

[0075] Therefore, although carbon brushes and slip rings can guide the current between the rotor and stator of an electric motor, due to the reasons mentioned above, the use of carbon brushes and slip rings can easily affect the electric motor. This not only makes the electric motor require frequent maintenance, but also easily causes the current guiding to fail. When the current guiding fails, the lightning and electrostatic current on the blades will pass through the hub, rotor, and bearings in sequence, and then flow to the stator. The current will affect the windings in the stator, the motor controller, and the electronic components in the motor controller, thereby damaging the entire electric motor.

[0076] To address the technical problem of poor lightning and electrostatic protection against electric motors in existing aircraft, this application proposes an electric motor, an electric propulsion device, and an aircraft. The electric motor includes a stator, bearings, a rotor, and a conductive assembly; the rotor is configured to be connected to the hub of the electric propulsion device, and the rotor is rotatably connected to the stator via bearings, with insulation between the bearings and the stator; the conductive assembly has one end electrically connected to the bearing, and the other end extends to the outside of the electric motor. In the electric motor of this application, the rotor is connected to the hub of the electric propulsion device. The rotor drives the blades on the hub to rotate, thereby achieving propulsion of the electric propulsion device. When the aircraft is struck by lightning or static electricity is generated on the blades, causing current to flow, the current will be transmitted to the hub, and then to the rotor. The rotor is rotatably connected to the stator via bearings, so the current on the rotor will be transmitted to the bearings. Because the bearings and stator are insulated, the current on the bearings will not be transmitted to the stator. Furthermore, because the conductive components are electrically connected to the bearings, the conductive components can conduct the current on the bearings to the outside of the electric motor, such as to the skin of the aircraft fuselage. Since the electric motor of this application conducts the current on the bearings to the outside of the electric motor through conductive components, and the shaft... The insulated design between the bearing and stator prevents current from flowing from the bearing to the stator, thus ensuring that lightning and static current from the blades and hub do not flow to the bearing and back to the stator. Furthermore, the conductive components guide the lightning and static current, directing the current from the hub to the outside of the electric motor. This protects the internal components of the electric motor and improves its protection against lightning and static electricity. Because the conductive components direct the current from the bearing to the outside of the electric motor, the impact of irregular discharges at the gap between the rotor and stator on the stator windings is reduced. It also reduces the probability of bearing erosion due to static electricity, prevents lightning current from flowing through the stator, avoids stator damage, and prevents magnet demagnetization and winding burnout.

[0077] The technical solution of the application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments.

[0078] Reference Figures 1 to 9 As shown, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an aircraft provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electric propulsion device provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 Another schematic diagram of the electric propulsion device provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A cross-sectional structural diagram of an electric motor provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 5Another cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of an electric motor provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an electric motor with an electromagnetic shielding channel provided on the stator, provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the conductive lug in an electric motor provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the connection between the outer ring of the bearing and the stator in an electric motor provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 Another schematic diagram of the connection between the outer ring of the bearing and the stator in an electric motor provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 Another schematic diagram of the connection between the outer ring of the bearing and the stator in an electric motor provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 11 A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the first type of electronic components, the second type of electronic components, and the electromagnetic shielding sleeve in an electric motor provided for embodiments of this application.

[0079] In the embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides an electric motor, including a stator 100, a bearing 200, a rotor 300, and a conductive component 400.

[0080] The rotor 300 is configured to be connected to the hub 22 of the electric propulsion device 20. The rotor 300 is rotatably connected to the stator 100 via the bearing 200 and the bearing 200 and the stator 100 are insulated from each other.

[0081] One end of the conductive component 400 is electrically connected to the bearing 200, and the other end extends to the outside of the electric motor.

[0082] In the electric motor of this application, the stator 100 is provided with a winding 30. The stator 100 includes a stator bracket, and the stator bracket is provided with a motor controller 600, sensors, heat sinks, etc. The motor controller 600 includes various electronic components. The various components of the stator 100 work together to realize functions such as magnetic field generation, position feedback and mechanical support.

[0083] The rotor 300 is connected to the hub 22, and the hub 22 is equipped with blades 21. The rotor 300 is rotatably connected to the stator 100 through the bearing 200.

[0084] Specifically, the rotor 300 can be rotatably connected to the stator 100 via the rotating shaft 310 on the rotor 300. The connection between the rotating shaft 310 and the rotor 300 can be understood as: being connected through a connector; or being integrally formed.

[0085] It should be noted that the electric motor in this embodiment is an external rotor motor, such as an integrated external rotor motor. In this integrated external rotor motor, the rotor 300 is located outside the stator 100, and the motor controller is located inside the motor. Currently, existing technologies mainly rely on carbon brushes or slip rings for lightning current conduction. Carbon brushes are suitable for low linear speeds, environments with ample space, convenient maintenance, and easy collection of carbon brush wear powder; high-current conductive slip rings are also suitable for low-speed environments. However, electric propulsion motors have higher speeds, smaller spaces, and the carbon brush wear powder has a significant impact on the motor, requiring treatment of the worn carbon powder and frequent maintenance. Some internal rotor motors rely on the front bearing for lightning current conduction. The lightning current is conducted between the motor rotor and the mounting bearing through a plasma channel formed by high-voltage breakdown. The lightning current can be conducted away by connecting to a low-impedance path on the motor housing. The motor housing can form a Faraday cage, preventing damage to the motor's internal structure. For external rotor motors, lightning cannot be directly connected to the aircraft skin through the motor casing. This would result in a complex and harsh electromagnetic environment inside the motor, with high temperatures in the lightning conduction plasma channels. The arc heat and high current in the uncertain lightning channels within small gaps could demagnetize the magnets. Due to manufacturing processes, the lightning conduction path is also uncertain, posing a greater challenge to the protection of external rotor motors. Therefore, currently used methods are not suitable for lightning and electrostatic protection of external rotor electric propulsion motors for direct-drive propellers.

[0086] The conductive component 400 may include conductive lugs 410, conductive wires 420, and electromagnetic shielding sleeves 430.

[0087] Insulation is provided between bearing 200 and stator 100, such as by using insulating materials, insulating coatings, or by installing insulating bushings or washers between bearing 200 and stator 100. Specific insulating layers can be insulating adhesive, insulating coatings, ceramics, plastics, rubber, etc. An insulating bushing can be fitted between the bearing outer ring 220 and stator 100 to prevent current from flowing from the bearing outer ring 220 to the stator 100, thus providing electrical insulation between bearing 200 and stator 100. In addition, the conductive component 400 is electrically connected to the bearing 200, thus constructing a low-impedance electrical path for lightning and electrostatic conduction. The low-impedance electrical path consists of the blade 21, the hub 22, the rotor 300, the bearing 200, and the conductive component 400. Thus, the lightning and electrostatic current on the blade 21 can be conducted to the outside of the electric motor in sequence through the hub 22, the rotor 300, the bearing 200, and the conductive component 400. The electric motor of this application plans the possible small gap breakdown and uncertain lightning and electrostatic conduction paths in the electric motor into a definite low-impedance lightning and electrostatic conduction path, so that the lightning and electrostatic current can be led to the outside of the electric motor through the conductive component 400.

[0088] In the electric motor of this application, the rotor 300 is connected to the hub 22 of the electric propulsion device 20. The rotor 300 drives the blades 21 on the hub 22 to rotate, thereby achieving propulsion of the electric propulsion device 20. When the aircraft is struck by lightning or static electricity is generated on the blades 21, causing the blades 21 to have current, the current will be transmitted to the hub 22, and the current on the hub 22 will be transmitted to the rotor 300. The rotor 300 is rotatably connected to the stator 100 through the bearing 200, so the current on the rotor 300 will be transmitted to the bearing 200. Because the bearing 200 is insulated from the stator 100, the current on the bearing 200 will not be transmitted to the stator 100. Furthermore, because the conductive component 400 is electrically connected to the bearing 200, the conductive component 400 can conduct the current on the bearing 200 to the outside of the electric motor, such as to the skin of the aircraft fuselage 10. The electric motor uses a conductive component 400 to conduct the current on the bearing 200 to the outside of the electric motor. The bearing 200 is insulated from the stator 100, preventing the current on the bearing 200 from flowing to the stator 100. This ensures that lightning and electrostatic current from the blades 21 and hub 22 do not flow to the stator 100. The conductive component 400 also guides the lightning and electrostatic current, thus protecting the internal components of the electric motor and improving its protection against lightning and electrostatic discharge. Furthermore, by conducting the current on the bearing 200 to the outside of the electric motor through the conductive component 400, the impact of irregular discharges at the gap between the rotor 300 and stator 100 on the windings 30 of the stator 100 is reduced, as is the probability of bearing erosion due to electrostatic discharge.

[0089] In other embodiments, the rotor 300 and stator 100 are insulated from each other. Specifically, electrical insulation is applied to all small gaps between the rotor 300 and stator 100, and between the magnet 40 and winding 30, using insulating materials, insulating coatings, or other methods. This insulation between the rotor 300 and stator 100 prevents the formation of plasma discharge channels due to high voltage breakdown of small gaps in the motor during lightning current flow, thus avoiding arcing or Joule heating and preventing demagnetization of the motor magnets and burnout of the windings.

[0090] In this embodiment, because the rotor 300 and bearing 200 are insulated from the stator 100, the current on the rotor 300 and bearing 200 will not be transmitted to the stator 100. Furthermore, because the conductive component 400 is electrically connected to the bearing 200, the conductive component 400 can conduct the current on the bearing 200 to the outside of the electric motor, such as to the skin of the aircraft fuselage 10. Since the electric motor of this application conducts the current on the bearing 200 to the outside of the electric motor through the conductive component 400, and the rotor 300 and bearing 200 are respectively... The blade 21 is insulated from the stator 100, so that current will not be drawn to the stator 100. That is, lightning and electrostatic current will not flow on the stator 100. Therefore, the current generated by lightning and electrostatic on the blade 21 will not affect the winding 30, controller, etc. in the motor. This improves the protection effect against lightning and electrostatic on the electric motor, and ensures that the current generated by lightning and electrostatic on the blade 21 will not affect the electric motor, electric propulsion device and aircraft. It can prevent lightning current from flowing on the stator, avoid stator damage, and avoid demagnetization of magnets and burnout of windings.

[0091] In some embodiments, reference is made to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the rotor 300 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the stator 100 and forms a rotational clearance. The bearing 200 includes an inner bearing ring 210, an outer bearing ring 220, and a bearing rolling element 230 rotatably disposed between the inner bearing ring 210 and the outer bearing ring 220. The inner bearing ring 210 is connected to the rotor 300, and the outer bearing ring 220 is insulatedly connected to the inner side of the stator 100. The rotational clearance is insulated. And / or, conductive grease is disposed between the inner bearing ring 210 and the bearing rolling element 230. And / or, conductive grease is disposed between the outer bearing ring 220 and the bearing rolling element 230.

[0092] In this embodiment, the electric motor is an external rotor motor. The inner ring 210 of the bearing is connected to the rotor 300 and rotates together with the rotor 300. The outer ring 220 of the bearing is insulated and connected to the inner side of the stator 100. The outer ring 220 of the bearing and the stator 100 remain fixed. Since the outer ring 220 of the bearing is insulated and connected to the stator 100, the current in the outer ring 220 of the bearing will not be conducted to the stator 100, thereby ensuring that the current in the entire bearing 200 will not flow to the stator 100.

[0093] Because the conductive component 400 is connected to the outer ring 220 of the bearing, the conductive component 400 remains fixed, preventing the conductive component 400 from rotating with the inner ring 210 of the bearing and thus preventing the conductive component 400 from being in motion, thereby improving the stability of the conductive component 400.

[0094] Because the outer ring 220 of the bearing is insulated and connected to the inside of the stator 100, the current on the outer ring 220 can only be conducted to the conductive component 400. At this time, the blade 21, hub 22, rotor 300, inner ring 210 of the bearing, rolling element 230 of the bearing, outer ring 220 of the bearing, and conductive component 400 form an electrical low-impedance path. Lightning and electrostatic current can be led to the outside of the electric motor through the electrical low-impedance path, so that the current will not be led to the stator 100. This improves the protection effect against lightning and electrostatics on the electric motor and ensures that the current generated by lightning and electrostatics on the blade 21 will not be transmitted to the stator 100.

[0095] Specifically, refer to Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, an insulating layer 500 is provided at the connection between the outer ring 220 of the bearing and the stator 100.

[0096] There are many ways to insulate the bearing outer ring 220 from the stator 100. For example, the bearing 200 mounting chamber on the stator 100 or the bearing outer ring 220 can be insulated. Specifically, the bearing 200 mounting chamber on the stator 100 can be made of insulating material, and / or the bearing outer ring 220 can be made of insulating material. In this embodiment, an insulating layer 500 is provided at the connection between the bearing outer ring 220 and the stator 100, or an insulating bushing, washer, etc., is provided between the bearing outer ring 220 and the stator 100. Specifically, the insulating layer 500 can be insulating adhesive, insulating coating, ceramic, plastic, rubber, etc. The insulating bushing can be fitted between the bearing outer ring 220 and the stator 100 to prevent the current on the bearing outer ring 220 from being transmitted to the stator 100.

[0097] It should be noted that, Figure 8 The image shows one method of setting the insulation layer 500. In this method, the amount of insulation layer 500 used is relatively small, and it is only set in the bearing mounting chamber of the stator 100. Figure 9 The image shows another way of setting the insulation layer 500. In this way, the amount of insulation layer 500 used is relatively large. The insulation layer 500 extends from the bearing mounting chamber of the stator 100 to the outside of the bearing mounting chamber, which can prevent the outside of the bearing mounting chamber of the stator 100 from conducting electricity with the outer ring 220 of the bearing.

[0098] In another possible embodiment, a motor controller 600 is also included, which is disposed on the side of the stator 100 away from the propeller hub 22; the conductive component 400 is spaced apart from the electronic components of the motor controller 600.

[0099] In this embodiment, the conductive component 400 and the electronic components of the motor controller 600 are spaced apart, thereby avoiding electromagnetic interference from the current of the conductive component to the electronic components in the motor controller 600, preventing the electronic components from failing or being damaged, and reducing the impact of the conductive component 400 on the electronic components in the motor controller 600.

[0100] In some possible embodiments, refer to Figure 4 or Figure 5 As shown, the conductive component 400 includes a conductive lug 410, a conductive wire 420, and an electromagnetic shielding sleeve 430. The conductive lug 410 is connected to the outer ring 220 of the bearing and is insulated from the rotor 300 and the stator 100 respectively. One end of the conductive wire 420 is connected to the end of the conductive lug 410 away from the outer ring 220 of the bearing, and the other end of the conductive wire 420 extends to the outside of the electric motor. The electromagnetic shielding sleeve 430 is fitted over the conductive wire 420.

[0101] The blade 21, hub 22, rotor 300, shaft 310, bearing inner ring 210, bearing rolling element 230, bearing outer ring 220, and conductive component 400 form an electrical low-impedance path. The conductive component 400 includes conductive lugs 410, conductive wires 420, and electromagnetic shielding sleeves 430. The electromagnetic shielding sleeves 430 have an electromagnetic shielding effect. Under the planned lightning and static electricity path, when lightning and static electricity flow through the electrical low-impedance path, the lightning and static electricity are only conducted under this path, avoiding the disorderly entry of lightning into the electric motor, which could cause the electric motor to face performance degradation or direct failure. At the same time, it also avoids the lightning and static electricity from directly conducting lightning and static electricity current into the machine from the power and signal lines at the motor end, thus preventing more power electrical equipment from being threatened. Lightning and electrostatic current will not flow on the stator 100. The conductive component 400 ensures that the electromagnetic field generated during the flow of lightning and electrostatic current will not affect the winding 30 of the motor. The insulation treatment at the low electrical impedance path and the small gap also avoids the possibility of breakdown and conduction at the small gap as much as possible. Therefore, the lightning and electrostatic current on the blade 21 will not affect the electric motor, electric propulsion device and aircraft.

[0102] In this embodiment, the conductive wire 420 is placed inside the electromagnetic shielding sleeve 430 to prevent the current in the conductive wire 420 from causing electromagnetic interference to the electronic components on the electric motor. This minimizes the impact of the electromagnetic field generated when lightning static electricity is conducted through the conductive wire 420 on the exterior of the electromagnetic shielding sleeve 430 and the interior space of the electric motor. High-performance integrated motor controllers 600 and similar components are often installed inside the electric motor and are highly sensitive to the strong electromagnetic fields generated by lightning. They are prone to malfunction in strong electromagnetic environments. However, in this embodiment, the conductive wire 420 is placed inside the electromagnetic shielding sleeve 430, thus preventing the flow of lightning static electricity from affecting the controller and other electronic components inside the motor.

[0103] It should be noted that the insulation between the conductive ear 410 and the rotor 300 can be provided by creating a gap between the conductive ear 410 and the rotor 300, so that the conductive ear 410 and the rotor 300 do not contact each other, thus forming an insulating distance and insulating the conductive ear 410 and the rotor 300; alternatively, an insulating layer 500 can be provided between the conductive ear 410 and the rotor 300. The insulating layer 500 can prevent the current from the conductive ear 410 from being conducted to the rotor 300. The insulating layer 500 can be insulating glue, insulating coating, ceramic, plastic, rubber, etc.

[0104] The insulation between the conductive lug 410 and the stator 100 can be provided by setting a gap between the conductive lug 410 and the stator 100 so that the conductive lug 410 and the stator 100 do not contact each other, forming an insulating distance, thereby insulating the conductive lug 410 and the stator 100; or an insulating layer 500 can be provided between the conductive lug 410 and the stator 100. The insulating layer 500 can prevent the current of the conductive lug 410 from being conducted to the stator 100. The insulating layer 500 can be insulating glue, insulating coating, ceramic, plastic, rubber, etc.

[0105] The conductive wire 420 can be a metal wire with an insulating sheath, which achieves the insulation effect between the metal wire and the electromagnetic shielding sleeve 430; the conductive wire 420 can also be a metal wire directly. When the conductive wire 420 is a metal wire, an additional insulating layer needs to be provided between the metal wire and the electromagnetic shielding sleeve 430.

[0106] In another embodiment, reference Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the conductive component 400 also includes a conductive ring 450, which is coaxial with the outer ring 220 of the bearing and is electrically connected to the outer ring 220 of the bearing. The conductive ring 450 is insulated from the stator 100, and the conductive lug 410 is electrically connected to the conductive ring 450.

[0107] In this embodiment, the coaxiality between the conductive ring 450 and the bearing outer ring 220 can be achieved by the conductive ring 450 being sleeved on the outer wall of the bearing outer ring 220, the conductive ring 450 being disposed at the bottom of the bearing outer ring 220, the conductive ring 450 being disposed at the top of the bearing outer ring 220, or the conductive ring 450 wrapping around the bearing outer ring 220.

[0108] In another embodiment, reference Figure 10 As shown, a conductive ring 450 is fitted onto the outer ring 220 of the bearing.

[0109] In this embodiment, the contact area between the conductive ring 450 and the outer ring 220 of the bearing is increased, thereby enhancing the conductivity and ensuring that the current in the outer ring 220 of the bearing can be guided to the conductive component 400 through the conductive ring 450.

[0110] In another embodiment, reference Figure 8 As shown, the conductive ring 450 is disposed at the bottom of the bearing outer ring 220, and the conductive ring 450 is coaxially disposed with the bearing outer ring 220.

[0111] In this embodiment, the contact area between the conductive ring 450 and the bearing outer ring 220 is also ensured to be large enough, thereby enhancing the conductivity between the conductive ring 450 and the bearing outer ring 220.

[0112] In other embodiments, refer to Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, an insulating layer 500 is provided at the connection between the conductive ring 450 and the stator 100.

[0113] In this embodiment, the insulation between the conductive ring 450 and the stator 100 can be achieved by providing insulating adhesive, insulating coating, ceramic, plastic, rubber, or other materials between the conductive ring 450 and the stator 100, thereby preventing the current on the conductive ring 450 from flowing to the stator 100.

[0114] The conductive ring 450 and the conductive lug 410 can be separate parts or integrally formed. When they are separate parts, they can be connected together by welding or other methods.

[0115] In some embodiments, the conductive ring 450 and the conductive lug 410 are integrally formed or separately formed.

[0116] In this embodiment, because the conductive ring 450 and the conductive lug 410 are integrally formed, the structural strength of the conductive ring 450 and the conductive lug 410 is improved, preventing the conductive ring 450 and the conductive lug 410 from separating and thus ensuring the stability of conductivity. The conductive ring 450 and the conductive lug 410 can be separate components; when formed separately, they can be connected together by welding or other methods.

[0117] In one embodiment, reference is made to... Figure 4 or Figure 5 As shown, the end of the conductive lug 410 is away from the outer ring 220 of the bearing and extends toward the side close to the rotation center line of the rotor 300.

[0118] In this embodiment, the conductive lug 410 is prevented from contacting the stator 100, thus creating an insulating distance between the conductive lug 410 and the stator 100.

[0119] In another possible embodiment, the conductive lug 410 is provided with an insulating layer 500 on the side near the stator 100, and / or the conductive lug 410 is provided with an insulating layer 500 on the side near the rotor 300.

[0120] In this embodiment, current from the conductive ear 410 is prevented from being conducted to the rotor 300, and / or current from the conductive ear 410 is prevented from being conducted to the rotor 300. The insulating layer 500 can be insulating adhesive, insulating coating, ceramic, plastic, rubber, etc.

[0121] In another embodiment, an insulating gap is provided between the conductive lug 410 and the rotor 300.

[0122] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 4 or Figure 5 As shown, since there is an insulating gap between the conductive ear 410 and the rotor 300, the current on the conductive ear 410 can be further prevented from being conducted to the rotor 300.

[0123] In another embodiment, an insulating gap is provided between the conductive lug 410 and the stator 100.

[0124] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 4 or Figure 5 As shown, since there is an insulating gap between the conductive lug 410 and the stator 100, the current on the conductive lug 410 can be further prevented from being conducted to the stator 100.

[0125] In other possible embodiments, refer to Figure 4 or Figure 5 As shown, it also includes a motor rear cover 110 and a stator bracket. The motor controller 600 is disposed in the cavity surrounded by the stator bracket and the motor rear cover 110. The motor controller 600 includes a controller mounting plate with a controller through hole 610. The conductive component 400 passes through the controller through hole 610 and leads to the outside of the electric motor. And / or, the motor rear cover 110 has a motor rear cover through hole, through which the conductive component passes.

[0126] In this embodiment, the circuit board structure inside the motor controller 600 is not very strong, and when multiple electronic components are installed, there is a risk of deformation or breakage. This embodiment utilizes a conductive component 400 through a controller through hole 610. The controller through hole 610 can be set in the circuit board, and the conductive component 400 can be insulated from the circuit board. The conductive component 400 forms a reinforced support structure for the circuit board, improving the strength of the circuit board and the motor controller 600.

[0127] Therefore, in this application, the conductive component 400 can be led out to the outside of the electric motor through the controller through hole 610, thus making effective use of the space of the electric motor. On the other hand, the conductive component 400 can be used to strengthen the support of the motor controller 600.

[0128] In some embodiments, reference is made to Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 11 As shown, the electronic components include a first type of electronic component 700 and a second type of electronic component 800. The electromagnetic sensitivity of the first type of electronic component 700 is higher than that of the second type of electronic component 800. The distance between the first type of electronic component 700 and the controller through hole 610 is greater than the distance between the second type of electronic component 800 and the controller through hole 610.

[0129] In this embodiment, since static electricity deposition and lightning have some low-frequency energy, the electronic and electrical components on the outside of the electromagnetic shielding sleeve 430 need to be arranged outside a certain range on the outside of the electromagnetic shielding sleeve 430.

[0130] Specifically, the distance between the first type of electronic component 700 and the controller through hole 610 is greater than the distance between the second type of electronic component 800 and the controller through hole 610. The specific distance can be obtained through simulation calculation.

[0131] During the calculation, electromagnetic interference is designed based on the first type of electronic component 700. The maximum distance at which the first type of electronic component 700 can be interfered with is calculated through simulation or experiment. This maximum distance is the first preset distance value. Electromagnetic interference is designed based on the second type of electronic component 800. The maximum distance at which the second type of electronic component 800 can be interfered with is calculated through simulation. This maximum distance is the second preset distance value. At this time, the first type of electronic component 700 must be outside the range of the first preset distance value, and the second type of electronic component 800 must be outside the range of the second preset distance value.

[0132] Reference Figure 11 As shown, the range enclosed by the second preset distance value is the second preset range 810, and the second type of electronic component 800 is located outside the second preset range 810.

[0133] It should be noted that the range of the first preset distance value and the second preset distance value includes not only the horizontal range, but also the spatial range.

[0134] In this embodiment, by reducing the impact of lightning electrostatic current conduction on electrical equipment such as the first type of electronic component 700 and the second type of electronic component 800 inside the motor, the structure of the electric motor and the first type of electronic component 700 and the second type of electronic component 800, as well as the motor controller 600, inside the electric motor are not subject to electromagnetic interference when lightning and electrostatic current are conducted in the electric motor.

[0135] In other embodiments, a motor rear cover 110 is also included, the stator 100 has a stator support, the motor rear cover 110 is connected to the stator support, the motor rear cover 110 has a motor rear cover through hole, and the conductive component 400 passes through the motor rear cover through hole.

[0136] In this embodiment, the conductive component 400 passes through the through hole of the motor rear cover and leads to the outside of the electric motor. The motor rear cover 110 can also support and protect the conductive component 400.

[0137] It should be noted that the conductive component 400 can pass through the controller through hole 610 and lead to the outside of the electric motor, or it can pass through the motor rear cover 110 and lead to the outside of the electric motor, or the conductive component 400 can pass through both the controller through hole 610 and the motor rear cover 110 and lead to the outside of the electric motor. The motor controller 600 and the stator bracket serve to support and protect the conductive component 400, preventing damage to the conductive component 400 and ensuring the stability of the low-impedance electrical path.

[0138] In another embodiment, reference Figure 6 As shown, it also includes a motor controller 600, which is located on the side of the stator 100 away from the propeller hub 22; the conductive component 400 is spaced apart from the electronic components of the motor controller 600, the conductive component 400 includes a conductive lug 410 and a conductive wire 420, the stator 100 has a stator support, the conductive component 400 passes through the stator support and leads to the outside of the electric motor; an electromagnetic shielding channel 900 is provided on the stator support, one end of the electromagnetic shielding channel 900 is located on the side of the stator 100 near the outer ring 220 of the bearing; one end of the conductive lug 410 is connected to the outer ring 220 of the bearing, and the other end of the conductive lug 410 extends into the electromagnetic shielding channel 900 and is insulated from the electromagnetic shielding channel 900; one end of the conductive wire 420 is connected to the conductive lug 410, and the other end of the conductive wire 420 passes through the electromagnetic shielding channel 900 and extends to the outside of the electric motor.

[0139] In this embodiment, an electromagnetic shielding channel 900 is provided on the stator 100. This channel runs through the stator 100, and the conductive wire 420 passes through the electromagnetic shielding channel 900. The electromagnetic shielding channel 900 has the function of electromagnetic shielding, which can prevent the conductive component 400 from affecting or interfering with the controller. The conductive component 400 and the electromagnetic shielding channel 900 prevent lightning and electrostatic current from flowing on the stator. The electromagnetic field generated during the lightning and electrostatic flow is reduced, which will cause interference to the winding 30 of the motor. Therefore, the lightning and electrostatic current on the blade 21 will not affect the electric motor, electric propulsion device and aircraft.

[0140] In this embodiment, the conductive component 400 passes through the electromagnetic shielding channel 900 to form a reinforced structure for the electromagnetic shielding channel 900, thereby increasing the strength of the electromagnetic shielding channel 900 and the stator support.

[0141] Therefore, in this application, the conductive component 400 can be led out to the outside of the electric motor through the electromagnetic shielding channel 900, thus achieving effective utilization of the space of the electric motor. On the other hand, the conductive component 400 can be used to strengthen the stator support.

[0142] It should be noted that the conductive wire 420 can be a metal wire with an insulating sheath, which achieves the insulation effect between the metal wire and the electromagnetic shielding channel 900; the conductive wire 420 can also be a metal wire directly, in which case an additional insulating layer needs to be provided between the two.

[0143] Furthermore, the insulation between the conductive ear 410 and the electromagnetic shielding channel 900 can be provided by setting an insulation gap between the conductive ear 410 and the electromagnetic shielding channel 900, or by setting an insulation layer 500 between the conductive ear 410 and the electromagnetic shielding channel 900. The insulation layer 500 can be insulating glue, insulating coating, ceramic, plastic, rubber, etc.

[0144] It should be noted that the electromagnetic shielding channel 900 can also be installed on the strength-enhancing support structure of structures such as the motor controller 600.

[0145] In some possible embodiments, the electronic component includes a first type of electronic component 700 and a second type of electronic component 800 disposed therein, wherein the electromagnetic sensitivity of the first type of electronic component 700 is higher than that of the second type of electronic component 800; and the distance between the first type of electronic component 700 and the electromagnetic shielding channel 900 is greater than the distance between the second type of electronic component 800 and the electromagnetic shielding channel 900.

[0146] In this embodiment, similarly, since electrostatic deposits and lightning have some low-frequency energy, the electronic and electrical components outside the electromagnetic shielding channel 900 need to be arranged outside the electromagnetic shielding channel 900 within a certain range.

[0147] Specifically, the distance between the first type of electronic component 700 and the electromagnetic shielding channel 900 is greater than the distance between the second type of electronic component 800 and the electromagnetic shielding channel 900. The specific distance can be obtained through simulation calculations, and will not be elaborated here.

[0148] In another embodiment, the electromagnetic shielding channel 900 is configured as a reinforcing rib of the stator support.

[0149] In this embodiment, the electromagnetic shielding channel 900 forms a reinforcing rib of the stator support, which strengthens and reinforces the stator support, improving its strength and rigidity.

[0150] In some embodiments, conductive grease is provided between the inner ring 210 of the bearing and the rolling element 230, and / or between the outer ring 220 of the bearing and the rolling element 230.

[0151] In this embodiment, conductive grease is provided between the inner ring 210 and the rolling element 230 of the bearing, and / or between the outer ring 220 and the rolling element 230 of the bearing, thereby enhancing the conductivity between the inner ring 210 and the rolling element 230 and / or between the outer ring 220 and the rolling element 230 of the bearing. This increases the conductivity of the low-impedance electrical path formed by the blade 21, hub 22, rotor 300, shaft 310, inner ring 210, rolling element 230, outer ring 220, and conductive component 400, allowing lightning and electrostatic current to be led to the outside of the electric motor through the low-impedance electrical path, preventing current from flowing onto the stator 100.

[0152] In another embodiment, reference Figure 4 or Figure 5 As shown, it also includes a terminal block 440, through which the conductive wire 420 is connected to the conductive lug 410.

[0153] In this embodiment, the conductive wire 420 and the conductive lug 410 are connected by a terminal 440. The terminal 440 has low resistance, ensuring efficient current transmission.

[0154] Specifically, the terminal block 440 includes an insulating shell, a conductive current-carrying element, and a wire clamping mechanism. The conductive current-carrying element and the wire clamping mechanism are disposed inside the insulating shell. Wire clamping mechanisms are respectively disposed at both ends of the conductive current-carrying element. The wire clamping mechanism at one end of the conductive current-carrying element is connected to the conductive ear 410, and the wire clamping mechanism at the other end of the conductive current-carrying element is connected to the conductive wire 420. The wire clamping mechanism ensures the stability of the conductive connection between the conductive wire 420 and the conductive ear 410.

[0155] In another possible embodiment, the electromagnetic shielding sleeve 430 is made of any one of copper, aluminum, silver, and nickel.

[0156] The electromagnetic shielding sleeve 430 is used to isolate or attenuate the electromagnetic radiation from the conductive wire 420 inside the electromagnetic shielding sleeve 430, and to shield the electronic components outside the electromagnetic shielding sleeve 430. The material of the electromagnetic shielding sleeve 430 can be metallic materials, conductive composite materials, fabrics and flexible materials, nanomaterials, etc., such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, steel, metal mesh, metal foil, conductive rubber, metal fiber blended fabric, conductive coating, carbon nanotubes, etc.

[0157] In this embodiment, the electromagnetic shielding sleeve 430 is made of copper, for example, a copper tube. Copper tubes have high shielding effectiveness and are applicable to the entire frequency band, thus ensuring leak-free shielding and preventing interference to the electronic components in the stator 100.

[0158] In another embodiment, the electromagnetic shielding sleeve 430 is made of electromagnetic shielding composite material.

[0159] Electromagnetic shielding composite materials are mainly composed of two parts: matrix material and functional filler. The matrix material can be polymer resin, and the functional filler can be metal, carbon-based material, etc.

[0160] A second aspect of the embodiments of this application provides an electric propulsion device 20, with reference to... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the electric propulsion device 20 includes blades 21, a hub 22, and an electric motor in any of the above embodiments.

[0161] The hub 22 is electrically connected to the blade 21.

[0162] The rotor 300 of the electric motor is connected to the hub 22.

[0163] The electric propulsion device 20 of this application has an electric motor as described in this embodiment. The rotor 300 is connected to the hub 22 of the electric propulsion device 20. The rotor 300 drives the blades 21 on the hub 22 to rotate, thereby realizing the propulsion of the electric propulsion device 20. When the aircraft is struck by lightning or static electricity is generated on the blades 21, causing the blades 21 to have current, the current will be transmitted to the hub 22, and the current on the hub 22 will be transmitted to the rotor 300. The rotor 300 is rotatably connected to the stator 100 through the bearing 200, so the current on the rotor 300 will be transmitted to the bearing 200. Because the bearing 200 is insulated from the stator 100, the current on the bearing 200 will not be transmitted to the stator 100. Furthermore, because the conductive component 400 is connected to the bearing 200... The conductive connection allows the conductive component 400 to conduct the current on the bearing 200 to the outside of the electric motor, such as to the skin of the aircraft fuselage 10. Since the electric motor of this application conducts the current on the bearing 200 to the outside of the electric motor through the conductive component 400, and the bearing 200 is insulated from the stator 100, the current on the bearing 200 will not be conducted to the stator 100. This ensures that lightning and electrostatic current on the blades 21 and the hub 22 will not flow to the stator 100. Furthermore, the conductive component 400 acts as a conductor for lightning and electrostatic current. By conducting the current transmitted by the hub 22 to the outside of the electric motor, the conductive component 400 can protect the internal components of the electric motor and improve the protection effect of the electric motor against lightning and electrostatic discharge.

[0164] In other embodiments, refer to Figure 3 As shown, it also includes a pitch mechanism 23, which is connected to the blade root and the blade hub 22 of the blade 21.

[0165] The connection between the pitch mechanism 23 and the propeller root, as well as the connection between the pitch mechanism 23 and the propeller hub 22, are insulated.

[0166] The pitch mechanism 23 in the electric propulsion device 20 dynamically adjusts the pitch angle of the blade 21 (i.e., the angle between the blade 21 and the plane of rotation) to adapt to the aerodynamic requirements of different flight stages.

[0167] In this embodiment, the connection between the pitch mechanism 23 and the blade root, as well as the connection between the pitch mechanism 23 and the blade hub 22, are insulated to prevent current from flowing from the blade 21 and the blade hub 22 into the pitch mechanism 23.

[0168] Specific insulation methods can include using electrically insulated components at the connection points, or setting an insulating layer 500 at the connection points, such as applying an insulating coating or using insulating adhesive.

[0169] A third aspect of this application provides an aircraft, including a fuselage 10 and an electric motor of any of the above embodiments; or, an electric propulsion device 20 of any of the above embodiments.

[0170] The outer casing 10 is covered with a skin, which is a conductive component; the conductive component 400 of the electric motor is conductively connected to the skin.

[0171] This application provides an aircraft, referring to... Figure 1 As shown, the aircraft can be an electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft, or of course, other types of aircraft.

[0172] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an aircraft provided as an embodiment of this application. Wherein, Figure 1 The aircraft shown is for illustrative purposes only and does not constitute a limitation on the specific structure and shape of the aircraft.

[0173] like Figure 1 As shown, the aircraft includes a fuselage 10, wings 11, and a tail 12. The fuselage 10 has a symmetrical structure, the wings 11 are fixedly connected to the fuselage 10, and the tail 12 is located at the tail of the fuselage 10. The tail 12 is integrally formed with the fuselage 10 or mechanically connected, and has a symmetrical structure. The structure of the tail 12 can also refer to the tail 12 structure of existing aircraft, and will not be described in detail here.

[0174] It should be noted that in some scenarios, the aircraft may also include the fuselage 10 and wings 11, that is, the aircraft does not include the tail 12.

[0175] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the aircraft also includes an electric propulsion unit 20, which can be used to provide power to the aircraft. The number of electric propulsion units 20 can be one or more, for example... Figure 1 As shown, the aircraft is equipped with eight electric propulsion devices 20.

[0176] The electric propulsion device 20 is mounted on the fuselage 10 and / or wings 11 and / or tail 12, as shown in the reference. Figure 1 As shown, electric propulsion devices 20 are symmetrically installed on both the wing 11 and the tail 12.

[0177] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the aircraft also includes an arm 13 and / or a nacelle 14, both of which are used to connect to the electric propulsion device 20 to mount the electric propulsion device 20 on the fuselage 10, wing 11 or tail 12.

[0178] In the aircraft of this application embodiment, since it includes an electric motor or an electric propulsion device 20 of any of the above embodiments, the electric motor in the aircraft of this application leads the current on the bearing 200 to the outside of the electric motor through the conductive component 400. And the bearing 200 is insulated from the stator 100, so the current on the bearing 200 will not be led to the stator 100. That is, it ensures that the lightning and electrostatic current on the blade 21 and the hub 22 will not flow to the stator 100. The conductive component 400 plays a role in guiding the lightning and electrostatic current. The conductive component 400 leads the current transmitted by the hub 22 to the outside of the electric motor, which can protect the internal components of the electric motor and improve the protection effect of the electric motor against lightning and electrostatic.

[0179] Specifically, the outer skin of the body 10 is a conductive component; the conductive component 400 of the electric motor is conductively connected to the skin.

[0180] In this embodiment, the conductive component 400 ultimately leads the current to the skin, forming a Faraday cage effect on the skin to protect the electric motor, electric propulsion device 20, and internal electrical components of the aircraft.

[0181] In this embodiment, the low-impedance electrical path formed by the rotor hub 22, rotor 300, bearing 200, and conductive components 400 directly conducts lightning strikes and static electricity deposited on the rotor blades 21 to the aircraft skin. This ensures that the rotor blades 21 and the aircraft fuselage 10 are at the same potential, preventing a potential difference between them and avoiding a rapid increase in the voltage of the rotor blades 21 due to the continuous increase of static charge. This reduces the probability of lightning strikes to the rotor blades 21 due to static electricity deposits when the aircraft is struck by lightning. Furthermore, unlike carbon brushes and high-current slip rings, this protection method requires no special inspection or maintenance; it can be inspected and maintained after a lightning strike or along with the electric motor. The proposed electric motor conducts lightning and static electricity on the front hub 22 of the rotor 300 to the aircraft skin through a reliable contact-type low-impedance, low-electromagnetic-interference channel within the motor. This solves the problem of electric motor failure when lightning strikes the aircraft and the static electricity adheres to the blades 21 of the electric propulsion device 20. At the same time, it provides an effective path for the discharge of static electricity on the electric motor, reducing the probability of electrolytic corrosion of the electric motor bearing 200 due to static electricity.

[0182] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the following claims.

[0183] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electric motor, characterized in that, include: Stator (100); Bearing (200); A rotor (300) configured to be connected to the hub (22) of an electric propulsion device (20), the rotor (300) being rotatably connected to a stator (100) via a bearing (200) and the bearing (200) being insulated from the stator (100); The conductive component (400) is electrically connected at one end to the bearing (200) and at the other end extends to the outside of the electric motor.

2. The electric motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor (300) is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the stator (100) and forms a rotational clearance. The bearing (200) includes an inner bearing ring (210), an outer bearing ring (220), and a bearing rolling element (230) rotatably disposed between the inner bearing ring (210) and the outer bearing ring (220). The inner bearing ring (210) is connected to the rotor (300), and the outer bearing ring (220) is insulatedly connected to the inside of the stator (100). The rotation gap is insulated. And / or, conductive grease is provided between the inner ring (210) of the bearing and the rolling element (230) of the bearing; And / or, conductive grease is provided between the outer ring (220) of the bearing and the rolling element (230) of the bearing.

3. The electric motor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The conductive component (400) includes a conductive lug (410), a conductive wire (420), and an electromagnetic shielding sleeve (430). The conductive lug (410) is connected to the outer ring (220) of the bearing, and the conductive lug (410) is insulated from the rotor (300) and the stator (100) respectively. One end of the conductive wire (420) is connected to the end of the conductive lug (410) away from the outer ring (220) of the bearing, and the other end of the conductive wire (420) extends to the outside of the electric motor. The electromagnetic shielding sleeve (430) is fitted over the outside of the conductive wire (420).

4. The electric motor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The end of the conductive lug (410) away from the outer ring (220) of the bearing extends toward the side close to the rotation center line of the rotor (300); And / or, the conductive lug (410) is provided with an insulating layer (500) on the side near the stator (100); And / or, the conductive ear (410) is provided with an insulating layer (500) on the side near the rotor (300); And / or, the conductive component (400) further includes a conductive ring (450) coaxial with the bearing outer ring (220) and electrically connected to the bearing outer ring (220), and the conductive ring (450) is insulated from the stator (100), and the conductive lug (410) is electrically connected to the conductive ring (450).

5. The electric motor according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a motor controller (600), which is disposed on the side of the stator (100) away from the propeller hub (22); the conductive component (400) is spaced apart from the electronic components of the motor controller (600).

6. The electric motor according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a motor rear cover (110) and a stator bracket. The motor controller (600) is disposed in the cavity surrounded by the stator bracket and the motor rear cover (110). The motor controller (600) includes a controller mounting plate. The controller mounting plate is provided with a controller through hole (610). The conductive component (400) passes through the controller through hole (610) and leads to the outside of the electric motor. And / or, the motor rear cover (110) has a motor rear cover through hole, through which the conductive component passes.

7. The electric motor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The electronic components include a first type of electronic component (700) and a second type of electronic component (800), wherein the electromagnetic sensitivity of the first type of electronic component (700) is higher than that of the second type of electronic component (800). The distance between the first type of electronic component (700) and the through hole (610) of the controller is greater than the distance between the second type of electronic component (800) and the through hole (610) of the controller.

8. The electric motor according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a motor controller (600), which is disposed on the side of the stator (100) away from the propeller hub (22); the conductive component (400) is spaced apart from the electronic components of the motor controller (600), the conductive component (400) includes a conductive lug (410) and a conductive wire (420), the stator (100) has a stator support, the conductive component (400) passes through the stator support and leads to the outside of the electric motor; an electromagnetic shielding channel (900) is provided on the stator support, one end of the electromagnetic shielding channel (900) is located on the side of the stator (100) near the outer ring (220) of the bearing; One end of the conductive lug (410) is connected to the outer ring (220) of the bearing, and the other end of the conductive lug (410) extends into the electromagnetic shielding channel (900) and is insulated from the electromagnetic shielding channel (900). One end of the conductive wire (420) is connected to the conductive lug (410), and the other end of the conductive wire (420) extends through the electromagnetic shielding channel (900) to the outside of the electric motor.

9. The electric motor according to claim 8, characterized in that, The electronic components include a first type of electronic component (700) and a second type of electronic component (800), wherein the electromagnetic sensitivity of the first type of electronic component (700) is higher than that of the second type of electronic component (800). The distance between the first type of electronic component (700) and the electromagnetic shielding channel (900) is greater than the distance between the second type of electronic component (800) and the electromagnetic shielding channel (900).

10. The electric motor according to claim 9, characterized in that, The electromagnetic shielding channel (900) serves as a reinforcing rib of the stator support.

11. An electric propulsion device, characterized in that, include: blades (21); The hub (22) is electrically connected to the blade (21); The electric motor as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the rotor (300) of the electric motor is connected to the propeller hub (22).

12. The electric propulsion device according to claim 11, characterized in that, It also includes a pitch mechanism (23), which is connected to the root of the blade (21) and the hub (22); The connection between the pitch mechanism (23) and the propeller root, as well as the connection between the pitch mechanism (23) and the propeller hub (22), are insulated.

13. An aircraft, characterized in that, include: Body (10), the body (10) is covered with a skin, the skin being a conductive component; The electric motor according to any one of claims 1 to 10; or the electric propulsion device (20) according to claim 11 or 12; The conductive component (400) of the electric motor is electrically connected to the skin.

Images