An engine intake and exhaust system
By adjusting the angle between the intake and exhaust valves and integrating a preheating pipe on the intake manifold, the problems of poor intake and exhaust caused by engine design were solved, achieving smooth airflow into and out of the cylinders and efficient engine operation.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHONGQING XINYUAN DONGLI MFG CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-30
AI Technical Summary
In the existing technology, problems with poor air intake and exhaust caused by the engine's own design are particularly evident in low-temperature environments, affecting engine performance and fuel economy.
The angle between the intake valve and the engine spark plug is designed to be 22-25°, which is equal to the angle between the exhaust valve and the engine spark plug. A preheating pipe is integrated on the intake manifold to preheat the air entering the cylinder through the engine coolant, thus avoiding poor intake caused by the decrease in air temperature in low-temperature environments.
It improves the smoothness of air intake and exhaust from the cylinder, solves the problem of poor air intake in low-temperature environments, reduces production costs without adding new sources of failure, and ensures that the engine operates efficiently within the optimal temperature range.
Smart Images
Figure CN224432675U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of automotive engine structure technology, and in particular relates to an engine intake and exhaust device. Background Technology
[0002] The engine's intake and exhaust systems are crucial for ensuring proper engine operation. They are responsible for providing air (or air-fuel mixture) for combustion and expelling the exhaust gases. Specifically, the intake system introduces air into the engine cylinders, providing the necessary oxygen for combustion. Its core components include the air filter, intake valves, intake manifold, and turbocharger (turbo / mechanical). The exhaust system expels the exhaust gases from the engine, while simultaneously reducing noise, minimizing pollution, and optimizing exhaust efficiency to improve performance. Its core components include the exhaust manifold, three-way catalytic converter, exhaust pipe, and exhaust valves.
[0003] Poor intake and exhaust are common engine malfunctions. Poor intake leads to incomplete combustion, producing more carbon deposits and increasing the burden on the exhaust system. Poor exhaust increases cylinder pressure, resulting in decreased intake efficiency. Ultimately, this directly affects engine performance, fuel economy, and emissions. If left untreated for a long time, it may even damage the engine (such as piston wear and valve deformation).
[0004] There are many reasons for poor air intake and exhaust. For example, poor air intake can be caused by a clogged air filter, carbon buildup on the intake valves, an excessive angle between the intake valves and the intake manifold, or low air temperature entering the manifold in low-temperature environments. Poor exhaust can be caused by a clogged catalytic converter, a clogged muffler (exhaust pipe), an excessive angle between the intake valves and the intake manifold, or a deformed exhaust manifold. Most of these causes only appear after the engine has been running in harsh environments for a period of time, requiring proper engine maintenance. However, some causes, such as low air temperature entering the manifold in low-temperature environments or an excessive angle between the intake valves and the intake manifold, are due to design flaws in the engine itself. Utility Model Content
[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an intake and exhaust device for an engine to solve the problems of poor intake and exhaust caused by the engine's own design in the prior art.
[0006] To achieve the above and other related objectives, this utility model provides an intake and exhaust device for an engine, which supplies air to multiple cylinders of the engine and discharges exhaust gases generated after combustion in the cylinders, including:
[0007] The intake manifold distributes air to the multiple cylinders.
[0008] The intake valve is located on the cylinder and opens during the intake stroke of the engine to control the air entering the cylinder;
[0009] An exhaust valve, located on the cylinder, opens during the engine's exhaust stroke to control the discharge of exhaust gases from the cylinder.
[0010] The exhaust manifold discharges the exhaust gases produced after combustion in the multiple cylinders.
[0011] Also includes:
[0012] A preheating pipe, integrated on the intake manifold, preheats the air entering each of the cylinders;
[0013] One end of the preheating pipe is connected to the water outlet on the cylinder head of the engine, and the other end is equipped with the engine's thermostat.
[0014] The angle between the intake valve and the engine spark plug is 22-25°, and is equal to the angle between the exhaust valve and the engine spark plug.
[0015] As described above, the engine intake and exhaust device of this utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0016] The intake and exhaust systems of this engine have an angle of 22-25° between the intake valve and the spark plug, which is equal to the angle between the exhaust valve and the spark plug. Compared to the 15-17° angle commonly used in existing transverse engines, the angles between the intake valve and the intake manifold's airflow direction, and between the exhaust valve and the exhaust manifold's exhaust direction, are significantly smaller. This means the airflow direction between the intake valve and the intake manifold is closer, and the exhaust direction between the exhaust valve and the exhaust manifold is closer, resulting in smoother airflow into and out of the cylinders. Furthermore, a preheating pipe is integrated into the intake manifold, with one end of the preheating pipe connected to the engine... The cylinder head has a water outlet that connects to the engine's thermostat at the other end. This design uses coolant flowing out of the engine to preheat the air entering each cylinder, preventing poor airflow caused by reduced air temperature in the intake manifold during cold winter conditions. Furthermore, no additional components are added (the preheating pipe is essentially an extension of the engine's water outlet pipe and is not considered an additional component), thus controlling production costs and eliminating new sources of failure. Based on these two design features, this device solves the problems of poor intake and exhaust caused by the engine's own design in existing technologies. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic of an engine intake and exhaust device according to this utility model.
[0018] Figure 2The diagram shown is a schematic of the intake valve and exhaust valve of this utility model.
[0019] Figure 3 The diagram shows the angle between the intake valve and the engine spark plug of this utility model.
[0020] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a schematic of the intake manifold of this utility model.
[0021] Figure 5 The diagram shown is a schematic of the preheating channel of this utility model.
[0022] Component designation explanation
[0023] Intake manifold 1, intake main pipe 11, intake single pipe 12, intake valve 2, exhaust manifold 3, exhaust main pipe 31, exhaust single pipe 32, heat insulation sleeve 33, exhaust valve 4, preheating pipe 5, cylinder head 6, water outlet pipe 61, thermostat 7, ignition coil 8, connecting plate 9, "П" shaped plate 91, flat plate 92, preheating channel 10. Detailed Implementation
[0024] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification.
[0025] Please see Figures 1 to 5 It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and are not intended to limit the scope of this invention. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and purpose of this invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this invention. Furthermore, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and are not intended to limit the scope of this invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of this invention.
[0026] The following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only. These embodiments can be combined and are not limited to the content shown in any single embodiment below.
[0027] Please see Figure 1 This utility model provides an intake and exhaust device for an engine, which, like existing engine intake and exhaust devices, supplies air to multiple cylinders of the engine and discharges exhaust gases produced after combustion in the cylinders, including:
[0028] like Figure 1 The intake manifold 1 shown distributes air to multiple cylinders, such as the transverse four-stroke gasoline engine commonly used in microvans / light commercial vehicles, which has four cylinders.
[0029] like Figure 2 The intake valve 2 shown is located on the cylinder and opens during the intake stroke of the engine to control the air entering the cylinder. The air and fuel entering the cylinder form a mixture. The spark plug receives the high-voltage current from the ignition coil 8 and generates an electric spark between the electrodes. The electric spark ignites the mixture and initiates combustion, thereby providing power to the engine. It should be noted that the spark plug and the ignition coil 8 are coaxial.
[0030] like Figure 2 The exhaust valve 4 shown is located on the cylinder and opens during the exhaust stroke of the engine to control the exhaust gas from the cylinder.
[0031] like Figure 1 The exhaust manifold 3 shown discharges the exhaust gases produced by the combustion of multiple cylinders from the engine.
[0032] The difference between this engine's intake and exhaust system and existing technologies lies in the fact that it also includes:
[0033] like Figure 1 The preheating pipe 5 shown is integrated into the intake manifold 1 and preheats the air entering each cylinder. One end of the preheating pipe 5 is connected to the water outlet on the cylinder head 6 of the engine, and the other end is equipped with the engine thermostat 7. Specifically, the intake manifold 1 of this engine uses the coolant flowing out of the engine (usually water, because the coolant carries away the heat inside the engine, so the temperature of the coolant flowing out of the engine is higher than the ambient temperature) to preheat the air entering each cylinder. Compared with the existing technology that adds a heating wire in front of the intake manifold 1, this design not only preheats the air in the intake manifold 1, but also does not consume additional energy or add any extra components. The production cost of the component (preheating pipe 5 is essentially an extension of the engine's water outlet pipe 61, not considered an additional part) is controlled, and no new sources of failure are added (the preheating pipe 5, as an extension of the water outlet pipe 61, works stably, while the heating wire is prone to damage due to overcurrent). This solves the problem of insufficient engine power output and increased fuel consumption caused by the reduced air temperature in the intake manifold 1 in low-temperature winter environments for microvans / light commercial vehicles. Adding a heating wire before the intake manifold 1 to preheat the intake air would increase production costs and the source of failure. It also avoids the problem of poor air intake caused by the reduced air temperature in the intake manifold 1 in low-temperature winter environments.
[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, the angle between the intake valve 2 and the engine spark plug (i.e., the ignition coil 8, which is coaxial with the spark plug) is 22-25°, and is equal to the angle between the exhaust valve 4 and the engine spark plug. Compared with the 15-17° angle design commonly used in existing transverse engines, the angle between the intake valve 2 and the intake manifold 1 in this device, and the angle between the exhaust valve 4 and the exhaust manifold 3 in this device, are smaller. That is, the intake valve 2 and the intake manifold 1 are closer in the direction of air supply, and the exhaust valve 4 and the exhaust manifold 3 are closer in the direction of air exhaust, so the air enters and exits the cylinder more smoothly.
[0035] Therefore, the intake and exhaust system of this engine, through the above-mentioned structural design, solves the problem of poor intake and exhaust caused by the engine's own design in the prior art.
[0036] At the same time, the intake manifold 1 also cools the coolant flowing out of the engine. It can be said that the intake manifold 1 integrates a preheating pipe 5. One end of the preheating pipe 5 is connected to the water outlet on the engine cylinder head 6, and the other end is equipped with the engine thermostat 7. This design of preheating the air entering each cylinder by the coolant flowing out of the engine is a win-win situation.
[0037] We will also provide a brief introduction to thermostat 7 to help readers further understand the technical solutions described in this manual. The thermostat 7 regulates the engine's operating temperature by controlling the flow of coolant, ensuring that the engine operates within its optimal temperature range (85℃~95℃). Specifically, when the engine is cold-started, thermostat 7 is closed, allowing the coolant to circulate only in a small loop within the engine. This allows the engine to warm up quickly to its optimal operating temperature, reducing wear and lowering harmful substances in exhaust emissions. Once the engine temperature reaches a certain level (85℃), thermostat 7 opens, and the coolant begins a large loop, dissipating heat through the radiator to maintain the engine temperature within its normal operating range. Both mechanisms work together to ensure the engine receives sufficient air intake at the appropriate temperature, thereby achieving efficient combustion and power output.
[0038] In another implementation, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The angle between the intake valve 2 and the engine spark plug is 25°. The angle between the intake valve 2 and the engine spark plug is selected from the largest value between 22° and 25°. This ensures the smoothness of engine intake and exhaust as much as possible while meeting the structural design requirements of transverse engines used in microvans / light commercial vehicles.
[0039] In another embodiment, the intake manifold 1 includes:
[0040] like Figure 1 The intake manifold 11 shown is through which air enters.
[0041] like Figure 1 The intake manifold 1 shown is connected to the main intake pipe 11 and includes multiple intake manifolds 12, each of which corresponds to a cylinder, ensuring that air can smoothly and evenly enter each cylinder.
[0042] In another implementation, please refer to Figure 4 The preheating pipe 5 is located at the lower part of the intake manifold 1 to prevent the rapid loss of coolant temperature in the preheating pipe 5 and to ensure the preheating effect on the air in the intake manifold 1.
[0043] In another implementation, please refer to Figure 4 The preheating pipe 5 is located at the connection between the intake pipe 12 and the cylinder. Compared with placing the preheating pipe 5 elsewhere, the preheated air can enter the cylinder in time without the temperature dropping due to flowing through the unpreheated intake pipe 12.
[0044] In another implementation, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The preheating pipe 5 and the intake manifold 1 are integrated together by multiple connecting plates 9; the multiple connecting plates 9 form a preheating channel 10, which further ensures the preheating effect and avoids heat loss.
[0045] In another implementation, please refer to Figure 5 The connecting plate 9 includes a “П”-shaped plate 91 and a flat plate 92. The “П”-shaped plate 91 and multiple single tubes are integrally formed, and the flat plate 92 and the preheating tube 5 are integrally formed. The “П”-shaped plate 91 and the flat plate 92 are connected by bolts and form the preheating channel 10. The structure of this embodiment is simple, the connection is firm, and the assembly is simple.
[0046] In another embodiment, the exhaust manifold 3 includes:
[0047] like Figure 2 The multiple exhaust pipes 32 shown correspond to one cylinder; the exhaust manifold 31 is connected to the multiple exhaust pipes 32; thereby ensuring that the exhaust gas generated in each cylinder can be smoothly discharged from the engine.
[0048] In another implementation, please refer to Figure 2The exhaust manifold 31 and multiple exhaust pipes 32 are integrally formed, which facilitates installation during processing and replacement during subsequent maintenance. A heat insulation sleeve 33 is provided on the outside to wrap the exhaust manifold 31 and multiple exhaust pipes 32, thereby preventing overheated exhaust gas from damaging other components near the engine and preventing personnel from being burned due to carelessness during maintenance. At the same time, the heat insulation sleeve 33 has two halves, with the inner sides respectively bolted to the cylinder head 6 and the outer sides fixed together by bolts, which facilitates disassembly during maintenance.
[0049] In other implementations, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the intake manifold 1, the exhaust manifold 3, and the preheating pipe 5 are all made of PA66+GF30 plastic; this is a high-performance engineering plastic composed of nylon 66 (PA66) and 30% glass fiber (GF30); it has high strength and high rigidity, making it suitable for load-bearing components; high temperature resistance, making it suitable for high-temperature environments such as engine compartments; good chemical resistance and strong corrosion resistance; dimensional stability and high processing precision; and low cost and high cost-effectiveness.
[0050] In summary, this invention achieves a 22-25° angle between the intake valve 2 and the engine spark plug, which is equal to the angle between the exhaust valve 4 and the engine spark plug. Compared to the 15-17° angle commonly used in existing transverse engines, this device reduces the angles between the intake valve 2 and the intake manifold 1 (air delivery direction) and between the exhaust valve 4 and the exhaust manifold 3 (air exhaust direction). This means the air delivery directions of the intake valve 2 and intake manifold 1 are closer, and the exhaust directions of the exhaust valve 4 and exhaust manifold 3 are closer, resulting in smoother airflow into and out of the cylinder. Furthermore, the intake manifold 1 integrates a preheating pipe 5, one end of which is connected to... The coolant outlet on the engine cylinder head 6 is connected to a thermostat 7, allowing the coolant flowing out of the engine to preheat the air entering each cylinder. This design prevents poor airflow caused by the reduced air temperature in the intake manifold 1 during low-temperature winter conditions. Furthermore, no additional components are added (the preheating pipe 5 is essentially an extension of the engine's coolant outlet pipe 61, and is not considered an additional component), thus controlling production costs and eliminating new sources of failure. Based on these two design features, this device solves the problems of poor airflow and exhaust caused by the engine's own design in existing technologies. Therefore, this invention effectively overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies and has high industrial application value.
[0051] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in this utility model should still be covered by the claims of this utility model.
Claims
1. An intake and exhaust system for an engine, supplying air to a plurality of cylinders of the engine and discharging exhaust gases produced after combustion in the cylinders, comprising: The intake manifold distributes air to the multiple cylinders. The intake valve is located on the cylinder and opens during the intake stroke of the engine to control the air entering the cylinder; An exhaust valve, located on the cylinder, opens during the engine's exhaust stroke to control the discharge of exhaust gases from the cylinder. The exhaust manifold discharges the exhaust gases produced after combustion in the multiple cylinders. Its characteristic is that it further includes: A preheating pipe, integrated on the intake manifold, preheats the air entering each of the cylinders; One end of the preheating pipe is connected to the water outlet on the cylinder head of the engine, and the other end is equipped with the engine's thermostat. The angle between the intake valve and the engine spark plug is 22-25°, and is equal to the angle between the exhaust valve and the engine spark plug.
2. The intake and exhaust device for an engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the intake valve and the engine spark plug is 25°.
3. The intake and exhaust device for an engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intake manifold includes: Air intake manifold, through which air enters; The intake manifold body is connected to the main intake pipe and includes multiple intake manifolds, each of which corresponds to a cylinder.
4. The intake and exhaust device for an engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preheating pipe is located at the lower part of the intake manifold.
5. The intake and exhaust device for an engine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preheating pipe is located at the connection between the intake pipe and the cylinder.
6. The intake and exhaust device for an engine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preheating pipe and the intake manifold are integrated together via multiple connecting plates; The multiple connecting plates form a preheating channel.
7. An engine intake and exhaust device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting plate includes a "П"-shaped plate and a flat plate. The "П"-shaped plate and multiple single tubes are integrally formed, and the flat plate and the preheating tube are integrally formed. The "П"-shaped plate and the flat plate are connected by bolts and form the preheating channel.
8. The intake and exhaust device for an engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust manifold includes: Multiple exhaust pipes, each exhaust pipe corresponding to one cylinder; The exhaust manifold is connected to multiple exhaust manifolds.
9. An engine intake and exhaust device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The main exhaust pipe and the multiple individual exhaust pipes are integrally formed and are provided with a heat insulation sleeve on the outside; The heat insulation sleeve is installed on the cylinder head and wraps around the exhaust manifold and the multiple exhaust individual pipes.
10. The intake and exhaust device for an engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intake manifold, the exhaust manifold, and the preheating pipe are all made of PA66+GF30 plastic.