A treatment and recycling device for hazardous waste containing precious metals

Abstract

A treatment and recycling device for hazardous waste containing precious metals includes a sealed heating chamber and two incinerators. One end of the heating chamber is connected to the upper and lower side walls of the incinerator via upper and lower pipes. The other end of the heating chamber is equipped with a feed pipe that penetrates the heating chamber. A drive motor for driving the spiral body inside the feed pipe is installed on the feed pipe outside the heating chamber. A cylindrical feed inlet is provided at the feed end of the feed pipe outside the heating chamber, and two sets of sealed feed valves arranged vertically are installed inside the feed inlet. A flue gas pipe is installed at the top of the heating chamber, away from the incinerator. A combustion air pipe is installed on the top of the incinerator, away from the feed pipe. The bottom of the incinerator is connected to the outside via a sealed discharge valve. This invention can effectively treat hazardous waste containing precious metals, such as spent catalysts, which are toxic, harmful, and have an irritating odor. It also ensures personnel safety and health while saving energy and recovering the precious metals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of pyrolysis gasification furnace technology, specifically a treatment and recycling device for hazardous waste containing precious metals. Background Technology

[0002] Catalysts containing precious metals are frequently used in chemical production. After these catalysts deactivate, the precious metals must be recovered. However, some deactivated catalysts release toxic and harmful substances with irritating odors, such as 2-methylpyridine and acetonitrile. These substances not only cause serious environmental damage but also harm the health of operators, thus they are classified as hazardous waste. Since the toxic and harmful substances with irritating odors carried by these hazardous wastes are flammable, they can be degraded and converted into non-toxic and harmless substances through incineration, and the residue containing precious metals can be collected for reuse.

[0003] While rotary kilns can process hazardous waste, their processing capacity is typically large, which leads to precious metal residues being mixed into a large amount of slag, making extraction difficult. In particular, because the rotary kiln drum rotates constantly, the sealing requirements are high, and in most operating conditions, there is a risk of leakage. If the spent catalyst carries volatile substances with irritating odors, this leakage will harm the environment, making it unsuitable for processing. Furthermore, the scale of precious metal spent catalyst recycling and processing is often small, so small-scale equipment must be selected.

[0004] While conventional small-scale incineration equipment can be used for precious metal recovery, the operating process is usually under slight negative pressure. Due to large fluctuations during operation, it often turns into positive pressure. Furthermore, these devices are generally unable to operate in a sealed manner, which allows the odor emitted by solid waste to escape into the environment. If this equipment is used directly for precious metal recovery from the aforementioned hazardous waste, it will inevitably cause the leakage of toxic, harmful, and odorous gases, thereby endangering the health of the operators.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a treatment and recycling device for catalyst waste containing precious metals, as well as toxic, harmful, and irritating odorous pollutant gases. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a treatment and recycling device for hazardous waste containing precious metals.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a treatment and recycling device for hazardous waste containing precious metals, comprising a sealed heating chamber and two incinerators. One end of the heating chamber is connected to the upper and lower side walls of the incinerator through upper and lower pipes, and burners arranged vertically are respectively installed on the other side of the incinerator at the connected part. The other end of the heating chamber is provided with a feed pipe that passes through the heating chamber and extends into the incinerator. The feed pipe outside the heating chamber is provided with a drive motor that drives the spiral body inside the feed pipe. The feed end of the feed pipe outside the heating chamber is provided with a cylindrical feed port. Two sets of sealed feed valves are arranged vertically inside the feed port, and the two sets of sealed feed valves are opened alternately by an opening device. A flue gas pipe is provided at the top of the heating chamber away from the incinerator, and a manual inspection port is provided at the bottom. A combustion air pipe is provided on the top side of the incinerator away from the feed pipe. The bottom of the incinerator is connected to the outside through a sealed discharge valve.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a catalytic system, the flue gas inlet of which is connected to the flue gas outlet of the heat exchange system, the flue gas inlet of which is connected to the flue gas pipeline, the heat exchange system being equipped with a fresh air inlet, and the fresh air outlet of which is connected to the combustion air pipeline.

[0009] Furthermore, the top of the feed inlet is connected to the top of the inclined and enclosed feeding system, the bottom of the feeding system is connected to the bottom of the packaging system, the bottom of the packaging system is connected to the top of the feed end of the bottom of the feeding system through the conveying system, and the packaging system is equipped with a conveyor belt to send the bottom material to the top.

[0010] Furthermore, the fresh air inlet of the heat exchange system is also connected to the bottom of the feeding system via a suction pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the fresh air inlet of the heat exchange system should be equipped with a regulating valve that connects to the outside environment.

[0012] Furthermore, the flue gas outlet of the catalytic system is connected to the flue gas inlet of the filtration and dust removal system, the flue gas outlet of the filtration and dust removal system is connected to the exhaust end of the negative pressure suction fan, and the control and detection system is set at the exhaust end of the negative pressure suction fan.

[0013] With the above design, this invention can not only effectively treat hazardous waste containing precious metals, such as toxic and harmful waste catalysts with irritating odors, but also save energy and recover precious metals while ensuring the safety and health of personnel. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the heating chamber and incinerator parts of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0017] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a treatment and recycling device for hazardous waste containing precious metals includes a sealed heating chamber 1 and two incinerators 2. One end of the heating chamber 1 is connected to the upper and lower side walls of the incinerator 2 via upper and lower pipes. On the other side of the incinerator 2 at the connection point, burners 3 are arranged vertically. The other end of the heating chamber 1 is provided with a feed pipe 4, which passes through the heating chamber 1 and extends into the incinerator 2 at its discharge end. The feed pipe 4 outside the heating chamber 1 is equipped with a driving spiral body inside the feed pipe 4. The drive motor of 5, the feed pipe 4 outside the heating chamber 1 is provided with a cylindrical feed port 6, and two sets of sealed feed valves 7 are arranged vertically inside the feed port 6. The two sets of sealed feed valves 7 are opened alternately by an opening device. A flue gas pipeline 8 is provided at the top of the heating chamber 1 away from the incinerator 2, and a manual inspection port 21 is provided at the bottom. A combustion air pipeline 9 is provided on the side of the top of the incinerator 2 away from the feed pipe 4. The bottom of the incinerator 2 is connected to the outside through a sealed discharge valve 10.

[0018] In addition, it also includes a catalytic system 11, the flue gas inlet of the catalytic system 11 is connected to the flue gas outlet of the heat exchange system 12, the flue gas inlet of the heat exchange system 12 is connected to the flue gas pipeline 8, the heat exchange system 12 is provided with a fresh air inlet, and the fresh air outlet of the heat exchange system 12 is connected to the combustion air pipeline 9.

[0019] The top of the feed inlet 6 is connected to the top of the inclined and sealed feeding system 13. The bottom of the feeding system 13 is connected to the bottom of the packaging system 14. The bottom of the packaging system 14 is connected to the feed end of the bottom of the feeding system 13 through the conveying system 15. The packaging system 14 is equipped with a conveyor belt to send the bottom material to the top. The fresh air inlet of the heat exchange system 12 is also connected to the bottom of the feeding system 13 through the suction pipe 16. The fresh air inlet of the heat exchange system 12 is equipped with a regulating valve 17 that connects to the outside. The flue gas outlet of the catalytic system 11 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the filtration and dust removal system 19. The flue gas outlet of the filtration and dust removal system 19 is connected to the suction end of the negative pressure suction fan 18. The control and detection system 20 is located at the suction end of the negative pressure suction fan 18.

[0020] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: Since the hazardous waste containing precious metals to be treated also carries volatile components with toxic, harmful and irritating odors, this utility model must be operated under sealed and negative pressure conditions when treating hazardous waste. Even if the sealing conditions are not ideal, the irritating odor components will not escape into the environment under negative pressure.

[0021] Hazardous waste is first packaged in the packaging system 14. The packaged hazardous waste is then transported to the feeding system 13 via the conveying system 15. From there, it is transported to the inlet 6 of the pyrolysis system. Finally, it is fed into the incinerator 2 through the sealed feed valve 7 and driven by the spiral body 5 inside the feed pipe 4. At the same time, the packaging system 14, conveying system 15, and feeding system 13 are completely sealed, and a suction pipe 16 is also connected to the system to extract the gas from the packaging system 14, conveying system 15, and feeding system 13. This creates a negative pressure environment in the packaging system 14, conveying system 15, and feeding system 13, ensuring that irritating components do not escape.

[0022] Hazardous waste enters the feed pipe 4 of the pyrolysis system through the feed inlet 6 and the sealed feed valve 7. The hazardous waste is pushed forward by the spiral body 5 inside the feed pipe 4 and undergoes pyrolysis under the action of heat, releasing various toxic, harmful and irritating volatile components. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the incinerator 2 enters the heating chamber 1 of the pyrolysis system through the pipeline. It indirectly heats the hazardous waste containing precious metals in the feed pipe 4 through the feed pipe 4, so that various toxic, harmful and irritating volatile components are fully released. After the high-temperature flue gas heats the hazardous waste in the heating chamber 1, it leaves through the flue gas pipeline 8. Since the high-temperature flue gas inevitably carries some dust, it may deposit in the heating chamber 1. Therefore, in addition to the flue gas pipeline 8, the heating chamber 1 also needs to be equipped with a manual inspection port 21 for inspection and maintenance of the heating chamber. At the same time, the manual inspection port 21 can also be used as an ash removal port.

[0023] The incinerator 2 can be divided into a pyrolysis gas combustion section (upper section) and a residue combustion section (lower section). The volatile components that are released are toxic, harmful and irritating and enter the pyrolysis gas combustion section of the incinerator 2 under negative pressure for full combustion. The hazardous waste residue containing precious metals after pyrolysis is pushed into the residue combustion section of the incinerator 2 by the spiral body 5 for combustion.

[0024] Both the pyrolysis gas incineration section and the residue incineration section are equipped with burners 3 to provide auxiliary fuel. The purpose of these burners is to fully degrade the toxic, harmful, and irritating volatile components released and the combustible components remaining in the precious metal hazardous waste at high temperatures. After complete combustion, the remaining non-combustible material is the residue containing the precious metal hazardous waste. This residue is discharged through the sealed discharge valve 10 below the residue incineration section and is recycled.

[0025] The volatile toxic, harmful, and irritating components released are fully incinerated and degraded, transforming into high-temperature flue gas. This high-temperature flue gas leaves the incinerator 2 through flue gas pipeline 8 and enters the heating chamber 1 of the pyrolysis system as a heat source for the pyrolysis of hazardous waste. It then leaves through other flue gas pipelines 8 and enters the heat exchange system 12 to exchange heat with the combustion air, further reducing the flue gas temperature. Part of the combustion air comes from the atmosphere, and the other part is obtained by maintaining a negative pressure atmosphere through the suction pipeline 16, the suction bag system 14, the conveying system 15, and the feeding system 13. After heat exchange in the heat exchange system 12, these two parts of combustion air enter the incinerator 2 for combustion, which can also save some energy. At the same time, during operation, the flow rate of the combustion air from the atmosphere can be changed by adjusting the regulating valve 17 to ensure that the high-temperature flue gas temperature drops to a suitable reaction range.

[0026] The high-temperature flue gas passes through the heat exchange system 12, such as the current heat exchanger structure, which can further cool it to the temperature range set by the process, and then enters the catalytic system 11. The catalytic system 11 is existing technology. If it is filled with a suitable catalyst, the harmful pollutants (mainly NOx) in the flue gas are fully and completely eliminated under the action of the catalyst. The flue gas continues to pass through the dust removal system (such as the filtration dust removal system 19, which has a multi-layer filtration structure) to remove the dust particles it carries. After being further purified, it is then drawn out by the negative pressure suction fan 18 and discharged into the air.

[0027] The negative pressure suction fan 18 is used to generate negative pressure that meets the process requirements of this utility model, and to ensure that even if the seal of this utility model is not tight enough in some places, only outside air can be drawn into the device, and not toxic, harmful or irritating components can be dispersed outside the device.

[0028] This invention also includes a control and detection system 20, used to detect various parameters during the operation of the device and output feedback signals based on these parameters to control the operation process. In summary, this invention not only effectively treats hazardous waste containing precious metals, such as toxic and harmful spent catalysts with irritating odors, but also ensures personnel safety and health while significantly saving energy and recovering the precious metals.

[0029] The above description is merely an illustrative embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principles of this utility model should fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A treatment and recycling device for hazardous waste containing precious metals, comprising a sealed heating chamber (1) and a two-stage incinerator (2), characterized in that: One end of the heating chamber (1) is connected to the upper and lower side walls of the incinerator (2) through upper and lower pipes, and the other side of the incinerator (2) at the connection point is provided with burners (3) arranged vertically. The other end of the heating chamber (1) is provided with a feed pipe (4), which passes through the heating chamber (1) and extends into the incinerator (2) at the discharge end. The feed pipe (4) outside the heating chamber (1) is provided with a drive motor to drive the spiral body (5) inside the feed pipe (4). The feed end is provided with a cylindrical feed port (6), and two sets of sealed feed valves (7) arranged vertically are provided in the feed port (6). The two sets of sealed feed valves (7) are opened alternately by an opening device. A flue gas pipeline (8) is provided at the top of the heating chamber (1) away from the incinerator (2), and a manual inspection port (21) is provided at the bottom. A combustion air pipeline (9) is provided on the side of the top of the incinerator (2) away from the feed pipe (4). The bottom of the incinerator (2) is connected to the outside through a sealed discharge valve (10).

2. The treatment and recycling device for hazardous waste containing precious metals as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a catalytic system (11), the flue gas inlet of the catalytic system (11) is connected to the flue gas outlet of the heat exchange system (12), the flue gas inlet of the heat exchange system (12) is connected to the flue gas pipeline (8), the heat exchange system (12) is provided with a fresh air inlet, and the fresh air outlet of the heat exchange system (12) is connected to the combustion air pipeline (9).

3. The treatment and recycling device for hazardous waste containing precious metals as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the feed inlet (6) is connected to the top of the inclined and enclosed feeding system (13), the bottom of the feeding system (13) is connected to the bottom of the packaging system (14), the bottom of the packaging system (14) is connected to the top of the feed end of the bottom of the feeding system (13) through the conveying system (15), and the packaging system (14) is equipped with a conveyor belt that sends the bottom material to the top.

4. The treatment and recycling device for hazardous waste containing precious metals as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The fresh air inlet of the heat exchange system (12) is also connected to the bottom of the feeding system (13) through the suction pipe (16).

5. The treatment and recycling device for hazardous waste containing precious metals as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The fresh air inlet of the heat exchange system (12) is also equipped with a regulating valve (17) that connects to the outside.

6. The treatment and recycling device for hazardous waste containing precious metals as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The flue gas outlet of the catalytic system (11) is connected to the flue gas inlet of the filtration and dust removal system (19), the flue gas outlet of the filtration and dust removal system (19) is connected to the exhaust end of the negative pressure suction fan (18), and the control and detection system (20) is set at the exhaust end of the negative pressure suction fan (18).

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