A dual-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of industrial waste treatment technology, and relates to a dual-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler, including dual furnace chambers and a screen-type convection heat exchanger. The furnace chamber outlets of the dual furnace chambers are connected to the heat exchange inlets of the screen-type convection heat exchanger. The dual furnace chambers include a first furnace chamber and a second furnace chamber. The first furnace chamber includes an adiabatic combustion section and a first burnout section, and the second furnace chamber includes a radiant heat exchange section and a second burnout section. The first and second furnace chambers are arranged side by side, with a furnace chamber inlet at the front end of the first furnace chamber. The first and second burnout sections are interconnected, and the furnace chamber outlets of the dual furnace chambers are located at the front side of the second furnace chamber. This utility model can simultaneously treat low-salt organic waste, meeting the current requirements for simultaneous treatment of mixed solid-liquid-gas waste, and avoiding the high cost of repeated investment caused by the need to configure separate sets of equipment for treating different types of waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of industrial waste treatment technology, and relates to incineration boilers, particularly a dual-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler. Background Technology

[0002] Industries such as new energy, new medicine, petrochemicals, chemical fibers, dyes, food, pharmaceuticals, and coal chemicals generate three types of saline organic waste (solid, liquid, and gas) during their production processes. Among them, liquid waste is the most abundant, as well as high-organic fuel oils (tar, X oil, heavy oil, etc.) with very little salt content; there is also tail gas generated from coal chemical preparation and regeneration of activated carbon. The components produced after their combustion are mostly carbohydrates and a small amount of inorganic salts or miscellaneous salts.

[0003] Currently, the main treatment method is to classify and treat waste according to its type. Solid waste is mainly treated using rotary kiln insulated incinerators, while waste liquid and waste gas are treated using traditional industrial vertical and horizontal boilers.

[0004] The existing processing methods have the following problems:

[0005] 1. The biggest drawback of using a rotary kiln insulated incinerator for solid waste treatment is that the furnace body and lining are prone to detachment and damage, shortening the incinerator's service life. This is because the insulated furnace walls are constructed of non-metallic refractory materials, and the furnace wall structure lacks water-cooled wall protection, limiting the combustion temperature in the furnace to around 800℃. This results in low combustion heat exchange efficiency and a low treatment and purification rate. If the GB18484 hazardous waste standard is followed, a secondary combustion chamber and a waste heat boiler are required to raise the flue gas temperature to over 1100℃ before the waste heat boiler cools and recovers the waste. This structure is relatively complex and dispersed, and the heat recovery capacity is low, increasing operating costs.

[0006] 2. Traditional industrial vertical boilers are used to treat saline organic waste liquids and gases. However, these boilers have drawbacks: complex structure, excessive size and redundancy, high cost, large investment, long construction period, and high long-term operating costs. The waste in long-term operating costs is considerable, suggesting an overkill approach. Although the boiler has been improved later to address the characteristics of the waste liquid, the results have not met expectations. Key problems include ash blockage on the heating surface and incomplete molten salt collection. In short, long-term operating costs and maintenance costs are high.

[0007] 3. The conventional D-type horizontal boiler design, with a furnace on one side and a dense tube bundle on the other, is used to treat saline organic waste liquid and exhaust gas. For low-salt, low-calorific-value waste liquid, this will lead to incomplete combustion, low burnout rate, and other defects. At the same time, compared with high-salt waste liquid, although the salt content is lower, the types of salts are complex, and various salts with different melting points will adhere to the tube wall to varying degrees. Long-term operation will also cause tube wall blockage, it's just a matter of time. In addition, it cannot meet the requirements of GB18484 standard for the incineration rate of organic hazardous waste and the requirement of GB18484 standard for a residence time of 2 seconds at 1100℃ in the furnace. Furthermore, the heating surface of the convection tube bundle of conventional industrial boilers is composed of a dense tube bundle connecting the upper and lower drums, with the lower part of the tube bundle on the lower drum, which is prone to blockage. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a dual-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler.

[0009] The technical problem solved by this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0010] A dual-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler, characterized in that: it includes two furnace chambers and a screen-type convection heat exchanger, wherein the furnace chamber outlet of the dual furnace chambers is connected to the heat exchange inlet of the screen-type convection heat exchanger.

[0011] The dual furnace chambers include a first furnace chamber and a second furnace chamber. The first furnace chamber includes an adiabatic combustion section and a first burnout section located behind the adiabatic combustion section. The second furnace chamber includes a radiant heat exchange section and a second burnout section located behind the radiant heat exchange section. The first and second furnace chambers are arranged side by side. A furnace chamber inlet is provided at the front end of the first furnace chamber. The first and second burnout sections are interconnected. The furnace chamber outlet of the dual furnace chambers is located at the front end of the side of the second furnace chamber.

[0012] Furthermore, the furnace chamber of the dual-chamber furnace includes a refractory material furnace bottom and a membrane water-cooled wall disposed on the refractory material furnace bottom.

[0013] The refractory furnace bottom includes a double-mouth-shaped bottom header frame and refractory material poured into the double-mouth-shaped bottom header frame;

[0014] The membrane water-cooled wall includes an upper main header, a front upper header, a rear upper header, a left wall membrane wall tube, a front wall membrane wall tube, a rear wall membrane wall tube, and a ceiling densely arranged tube. The double-U-shaped bottom header frame is welded together from interconnected pipes. The pipe at the leftmost end of the double-U-shaped bottom header frame forms the lower main header. An upper main header is located directly above the lower main header and is parallel to it. Left wall membrane wall tubes are evenly distributed between the upper main header and the lower main header. These evenly distributed left wall membrane wall tubes form the left wall foundation of the double furnace chamber.

[0015] The front upper header and the rear upper header are connected and installed at the front and rear ends of the upper main header respectively. At the lower part of the front upper header and the rear upper header, there are front wall membrane wall pipes and rear wall membrane wall pipes that are connected to the bottom double-U-shaped bottom header frame. The evenly distributed front wall membrane wall pipes form the front wall foundation of the double furnace chamber, and the evenly distributed rear wall membrane wall pipes form the rear wall foundation of the double furnace chamber.

[0016] A densely packed roof pipe is evenly distributed on the right side of the upper main header between the front and rear upper headers. The densely packed roof pipe extends downward to the right and then bends downward at intervals in the middle and on the right side of the double-U-shaped bottom header frame. The vertically arranged densely packed pipe section in the middle of the double-U-shaped bottom header frame forms the partition wall foundation of the double furnace chamber, and the vertically arranged densely packed pipe section on the right side of the double-U-shaped bottom header frame forms the right wall foundation of the double furnace chamber. All of the vertically arranged densely packed pipe sections are membrane wall pipes.

[0017] Moreover, the ceiling dense pipe is composed of the partition wall ceiling dense pipe and the right wall ceiling dense pipe. The partition wall ceiling dense pipe is formed by bending a pipe downward, which includes a first inclined section and a partition wall vertical section. The first inclined section is installed on the side of the upper main header. The first inclined section bends vertically downward at the middle pipe of the double-U-shaped bottom header frame. The vertically bent part forms the partition wall vertical section. The spaced partition wall vertical sections form the partition wall foundation.

[0018] A right wall ceiling dense pipe extends after the aforementioned partition wall ceiling dense pipe. The right wall ceiling dense pipe is formed by bending a pipe row downwards, including a second inclined section and a right wall vertical section. A downwardly inclined second inclined section is connected and installed on the side of the upper main header. The second inclined section bends vertically downwards at the rightmost pipe of the double-U-shaped bottom header frame. The vertically bent part forms the right wall vertical section. The spaced right wall vertical sections form the right wall foundation.

[0019] The closely spaced first and second inclined sections together form the roof foundation of the dual furnace chambers.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes a thermal insulation structure, which comprises an insulation layer, a heat insulation layer, and claw studs; an insulation layer is provided on the outer side of the left wall foundation, right wall foundation, front wall foundation, rear wall foundation, and ceiling foundation, and a heat insulation layer is provided on the inner side of the partition wall foundation, front wall foundation, right wall foundation, and ceiling foundation; the membrane wall pipes on the partition wall foundation, front wall foundation, right wall foundation, and ceiling foundation are all connected to the heat insulation layer by claw studs.

[0021] Furthermore, the aforementioned screen-type convection heat exchanger includes a heat exchanger insulation shell, an upper boiler drum, a lower boiler drum, a membrane tube screen, and a dust removal base. The upper boiler drum is installed at the middle of the upper end of the shell, and the lower boiler drums are symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the lower end of the shell. A dust removal base is provided at the bottom of the two lower boiler drums. An ash outlet is provided at the bottom of the heat exchanger insulation shell between the two lower boiler drums. A membrane tube screen is installed inside the heat exchanger insulation shell. The upper end of the membrane tube screen is connected to the upper boiler drum, and the lower end of the membrane tube screen is connected to the lower boiler drums on the left and right sides respectively.

[0022] Moreover, the membrane tube screen includes light tubes and fins. The light tubes are evenly distributed along the length of the heat exchanger insulation shell, and fins are connected between each pair of light tubes from top to bottom.

[0023] Furthermore, a molten material discharge port is provided at the bottom of the first burnout section.

[0024] Furthermore, it also includes an air preheater and an economizer. The air preheater is connected to the rear side of the screen-type convection heat exchanger, and the economizer is connected to the outlet of the air preheater.

[0025] Furthermore, a combustible fuel gas inlet is provided on the rear wall of the furnace chamber of the first furnace chamber, a solid waste fuel inlet is provided on the right wall, and a waste liquid spray nozzle is provided on the front wall of the furnace chamber of the first furnace chamber.

[0026] The advantages and positive effects of this utility model are:

[0027] This dual-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler, through its dual-chamber design, meets the requirement of GB18484 standard for a 2-second residence time at 1100℃ in the furnace. This means that the combustion chamber can complete the oxidation, decomposition, incineration, and purification treatment of various high-concentration, low-salt organic waste liquids. The added second chamber, in addition to treating various waste gas fuels and cooling them, can also significantly reduce flue gas dust, providing a strong guarantee for reducing the ash accumulation on the rear heating surface. This utility model's overall boiler has high sealing performance, low heat loss, and high overall thermal efficiency, greatly improving the treatment efficiency and enhancing the treatment measures for organic matter contained in waste liquids.

[0028] The specific beneficial effects are reflected in:

[0029] 1. The dual-chamber furnace can simultaneously process waste liquid (gas), activated carbon tail gas, and a small amount of solid waste (powder), making one furnace multi-purpose; improving efficiency and reducing investment costs;

[0030] 2. The innovative screen-type convection heat exchanger replaces the original dense tube bundle with a screen-type heating surface and changes the bottom single boiler drum into a double boiler drum structure, leaving an ash conveying channel. This effectively solves many problems caused by ash accumulation at the bottom of the tube screen, such as reduced heat exchange efficiency, inconvenient ash cleaning leading to blockage, and impact on stable boiler operation. As a result, it improves the overall efficiency of the boiler, extends the stable operating cycle of the boiler, and reduces operating and maintenance costs and operating expenses.

[0031] In conclusion, the emergence of this incineration boiler has opened up a new way to solve and eliminate the pollution of high-concentration, low-salt organic waste liquid. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the screen-type convection heat exchanger of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dual-chamber furnace of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the furnace wall structure of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a top view of the membrane tube screen of this utility model.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0039] 1-Pan-type convection heat exchanger, 2-Second furnace chamber, 3-First furnace chamber, 4-Air preheater, 5-Economizer, 6-Heat exchanger insulation shell, 7-Membrane tube screen, 8-Second burnout section, 9-Radiation heat exchange section, 10-Melted material discharge port, 11-First burnout section, 12-Insulated combustion section, 13-Upper boiler drum, 14-Ash outlet, 15-Lower boiler drum, 16-Ash cleaning base, 17-Upper main header, 18-Left wall membrane tube, 19-Lower main header, 20-Front upper header, 21-First inclined section, 22-Vertical section of partition wall, 23-Double-U-shaped bottom header frame, 24-Second inclined section, 25-Vertical section of right wall, 26-Insulation layer, 27-Claw nail, 28-Smooth tube, 29-Insulation layer, 30-Fins. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0041] This dual-chamber multi-purpose incinerator is a horizontal incinerator capable of simultaneously treating low-salt organic waste liquid and waste gas, as well as tail gas from coal chemical processes. It meets the current requirements for simultaneous treatment of mixed solid-liquid-gas waste, avoiding the high costs associated with separate equipment for different types of waste. This invention can convert large amounts of organic matter in waste liquid into harmless carbohydrates, CO2, H2O, N2, and other pollution-free components through high-temperature incineration and oxidation; simultaneously, it ensures the complete combustion and purification of combustible flue gas components before emission.

[0042] An innovative dual-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler is characterized by comprising a dual-chamber furnace and a screen-type convection heat exchanger 1, wherein the furnace outlet of the dual-chamber furnace is connected to the heat exchange inlet of the screen-type convection heat exchanger; the dual-chamber furnace and the screen-type convection heat exchanger are connected to form an integral incineration boiler via connecting pipes, wherein the upper drum of the screen-type convection heat exchanger is connected to the upper main header of the dual-chamber furnace via connecting pipes, and one of the lower drums of the screen-type convection heat exchanger is connected to the lower main header of the dual-chamber furnace via connecting pipes.

[0043] The dual furnace chambers include a first furnace chamber 3 and a second furnace chamber 2. The first furnace chamber includes an adiabatic combustion section 12 and a first burnout section 11 located behind the adiabatic combustion section. The second furnace chamber includes a radiant heat exchange section 9 and a second burnout section 8 located behind the radiant heat exchange section. The first and second furnace chambers are arranged side by side. A furnace chamber inlet is provided at the front end of the first furnace chamber. The first and second burnout sections are interconnected. The furnace chamber outlet of the dual furnace chambers is located at the front end of the side of the second furnace chamber.

[0044] The adiabatic combustion section in the first furnace chamber provides sufficient combustion time for the waste, allowing it to remain in that section for at least 2 seconds. Combined with the first burnout section, the second burnout section, and the portion in the second furnace chamber, the total residence time of the waste is greater than 5 seconds, providing ample time for combustion and burnout.

[0045] For waste with low calorific value, this invention provides solid waste fuel inlets on the rear wall and right wall of the first furnace chamber. Since dioxins are generated during solid-liquid-gas combustion, and dioxins require a calorific value above 1100℃ to be eliminated, but below 1250℃, otherwise nitrogen oxide emissions prohibited by national regulations will be generated. If the calorific value of the waste combustion in the adiabatic combustion section is relatively high, for example, reaching 1200℃, then the combustible fuel gas inlets on the rear wall can be opened to assist in dioxin treatment. If the calorific value of the waste combustion is low, below 1100℃, then the combustible fuel gas inlets on the right wall can be opened to introduce a high-calorific-value medium (such as activated carbon flue gas, tar flue gas, etc.) into the furnace to assist in heating.

[0046] Although low-salt wastewater contains relatively little salt, its composition is complex, sometimes containing multiple types of salts, and the melting points of different salts are not entirely the same. Therefore, to prevent molten flue gas from adhering to the membrane tube screen, this invention designs a second furnace chamber, in which a radiant heat exchange section is set. This radiant heat exchange section reduces the flue gas temperature to below the melting point before it enters the screen-type convection heat exchanger, thereby reducing flue gas adhesion to the wall. Specifically:

[0047] Most of the fine salt dust in flue gas is in a floating state. If it enters the screen-type convection heat exchanger directly, it will adhere to the membrane tube screen. Over time, this will cause blockage of the screen-type convection heat exchanger and affect the heat exchange effect. This utility model forms a U-shaped corner structure by combining the first and second combustion chambers. When the salt dust passes through this section, the fine salt dust collides with each other. Since the temperature of the salt dust in this section is still above its melting point of 800°C, it will agglomerate into larger particles during the collision process and settle due to its own weight. When the flue gas reaches the radiation heat exchange section, its temperature drops below 800°C. Even if there is still salt dust mixed in at this time, it will no longer adhere to the membrane tube screen, greatly extending the service life of the screen-type convection heat exchanger.

[0048] The furnace chamber of the dual furnace includes a refractory material furnace bottom and a membrane water-cooled wall set on the refractory material furnace bottom. The refractory material furnace bottom includes a double-U-shaped bottom header frame 23 and refractory material poured into the double-U-shaped bottom header frame.

[0049] The membrane water-cooled wall includes an upper main header 17, a front upper header 20, a rear upper header, a left wall membrane wall tube 18, a front wall membrane wall tube, a rear wall membrane wall tube, and a ceiling densely arranged tube. The double-U-shaped bottom header frame is welded together by interconnected pipes. The pipe at the leftmost end of the double-U-shaped bottom header frame forms the lower main header 19. An upper main header is provided directly above the lower main header and is parallel to it. Left wall membrane wall tubes are evenly distributed between the upper main header and the lower main header. These evenly distributed left wall membrane wall tubes form the left wall foundation of the double furnace chamber.

[0050] The front upper header and the rear upper header are connected and installed at the front and rear ends of the upper main header respectively. At the lower part of the front upper header and the rear upper header, there are front wall membrane wall pipes and rear wall membrane wall pipes that are connected to the bottom double-U-shaped bottom header frame. The evenly distributed front wall membrane wall pipes form the front wall foundation of the double furnace chamber, and the evenly distributed rear wall membrane wall pipes form the rear wall foundation of the double furnace chamber.

[0051] A densely packed roof tube is evenly spaced on the right side of the upper main header between the front and rear upper headers. This densely packed roof tube extends downwards and to the right, then bends downwards at intervals in the middle and on the right side of the double-U-shaped bottom header frame. The vertically arranged densely packed tube section in the middle of the double-U-shaped bottom header frame forms the foundation for the partition wall of the double furnace chambers, while the vertically arranged densely packed tube section on the right side of the double-U-shaped bottom header frame forms the foundation for the right wall of the double furnace chambers. All vertically arranged densely packed tube sections are membrane wall tubes. These membrane wall tubes are bare tubes, and multiple bare tubes are connected by fins to form the foundation for each wall of the membrane water-cooled wall.

[0052] The ceiling dense pipe is composed of the partition wall ceiling dense pipe and the right wall ceiling dense pipe. The partition wall ceiling dense pipe is formed by bending a pipe row downwards, including a first inclined section 21 and a partition wall vertical section 22. The first inclined section is installed on the side of the upper main header. The first inclined section bends vertically downwards at the middle pipe of the double-U-shaped bottom header frame. The vertically bent part forms the partition wall vertical section. The spaced partition wall vertical sections form the partition wall foundation.

[0053] The ceiling pipes of the partition wall and the ceiling pipes of the right wall are arranged alternately. The ceiling pipes of the right wall are formed by bending a pipe downwards. The pipes include a second inclined section 24 and a vertical section 25 of the right wall. The second inclined section is installed on the side of the upper main header. The second inclined section bends vertically downwards at the rightmost pipe of the double-U-shaped bottom header frame. The vertically bent part forms the vertical section of the right wall. The vertical sections of the right wall arranged at intervals form the foundation of the right wall.

[0054] The closely spaced first and second inclined sections together form the roof foundation of the dual furnace chambers.

[0055] Since both the partition wall ceiling pipe and the right wall ceiling pipe are connected to the upper main header, in order to avoid the problem of damage to the strength of the main header caused by drilling holes in a straight line, in this utility model, the connection heights of the partition wall ceiling pipe and the right wall ceiling pipe at the upper main header are staggered, that is, an upward bending structure is provided at the root of the first inclined section or the second inclined section.

[0056] It also includes a thermal insulation structure, which comprises an insulation layer 29, a heat insulation layer 26, and claw studs 27. Insulation layers are provided on the outer sides of the left wall foundation, right wall foundation, front wall foundation, rear wall foundation, and ceiling foundation. Heat insulation layers are provided on the inner sides of the partition wall foundation, front wall foundation, right wall foundation, and ceiling foundation. The membrane wall pipes on the partition wall foundation, front wall foundation, right wall foundation, and ceiling foundation are connected to the heat insulation layers via claw studs. The heat insulation layer is cast from acid- and alkali-resistant chromium mineral refractory material.

[0057] Membrane water-cooled walls can cool the insulation layer of the furnace wall, keeping its temperature difference within a certain range, thus preventing damage caused by rapid heating and cooling of dry furnace walls, extending their service life, and reducing the impact of shutdown maintenance on normal production. Conversely, acid and alkali resistant chromium mineral castables also protect the membrane water-cooled walls from acid and alkali flue gas corrosion, while increasing the combustion temperature in the combustion chamber.

[0058] The aforementioned screen-type convection heat exchanger includes a heat exchanger insulation shell 6, an upper boiler drum 13, a lower boiler drum 15, a membrane tube screen 7, and a dust removal base 16. The upper boiler drum is installed at the middle of the upper end of the shell, and the lower boiler drums are symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the lower end of the shell. The two lower boiler drums are connected by connecting pipes arranged in front and behind. A dust removal base is provided at the bottom of the two lower boiler drums. An ash outlet 14 is provided at the bottom of the heat exchanger insulation shell between the two lower boiler drums to prevent the deposition of salt and alkali ash. A membrane tube screen is arranged inside the heat exchanger insulation shell. The upper end of the membrane tube screen is connected to the upper boiler drum, and the lower end of the membrane tube screen is connected to the lower boiler drums arranged on the left and right sides respectively.

[0059] To address the issue of ash accumulation and blockage at the bottom of the tube-panel heat exchanger assembly, an ash outlet connected to a ash removal base was designed at the bottom of the heat exchanger's insulation shell. In practice, a scraper can be connected to the ash removal base, allowing the falling ash to be directly removed by the scraper to prevent dust accumulation and blockage.

[0060] The membrane tube screen includes light tubes 28 and fins 30. The light tubes are evenly distributed along the length of the heat exchanger insulation shell, and fins are connected between each pair of light tubes from top to bottom. The fins are made of steel plates.

[0061] A molten material discharge port 10 is provided at the bottom of the first burnout section.

[0062] For non-quench furnaces, this invention also designs an air preheater 4 and an economizer 5. The air preheater is connected to the rear side of the screen-type convection heat exchanger, and the economizer is connected to the outlet of the air preheater.

[0063] This invention ensures that the organic waste liquid components are fully oxidized, burned off, and completely incinerated to meet emission standards. The U-shaped corner structure composed of the first and second burnout sections at the rear has a dust-reducing effect. The radiant heat exchange section in the second furnace chamber absorbs high-temperature radiant heat, cools the high-temperature flue gas, and reduces dust through its unobstructed cavity. This lowers the flue gas temperature entering the rear screen-type convection heat exchanger to below the melting point of the molten material, preventing ash buildup on the membrane tube screen and fully utilizing the heat absorption and exchange efficiency of the membrane tube screen to directly convert heat energy into saturated steam for use by the production department.

[0064] In addition, the screen-type convection heat exchanger of this utility model changes the single-drum structure of the lower part of the industrial boiler. It is innovatively designed with two lower drums, with sufficient space between the two lower drums. This allows the falling dust to flow smoothly into the sealed ash conveying device at the bottom and be carried away in time. This reduces the thorny problems such as the reduced heat absorption efficiency caused by the accumulation of ash at the bottom blocking the heat-receiving surface and the inability of the dust blown off to fall smoothly. At the same time, the dense convection tube bundle is changed to a membrane tube screen, and the spacing between each tube screen is increased, which reduces the adverse defects of bridging and ash accumulation between tube walls, affecting convection heat transfer and reducing heat exchange efficiency.

[0065] This utility model enables modular production. For smaller-scale waste liquid treatment devices, they can be assembled in the factory and shipped as a whole. Specifically, the first furnace chamber and the second furnace chamber are integrated modules, and the screen-type convection heat exchanger is a separate module. This facilitates overall transportation and rapid installation, thereby saving a significant amount of equipment investment and on-site installation time.

[0066] Working principle:

[0067] The core technology of this invention, a dual-chamber multi-purpose incinerator for treating low-salt organic waste liquid, is its dual-chamber structure—a first chamber comprising an adiabatic combustion section and a first burnout section, and a second chamber comprising a radiant heat exchange section and a second burnout section. The first chamber ensures that the waste liquid fuel is fully dried, concentrated, evaporated, atomized, oxidized, incinerated, and burned completely; while the second chamber can handle the treatment of a second type of fuel and effectively cool and reduce dust, ensuring minimal ash accumulation and no clogging on the rear heating surface.

[0068] By designing a screen-type convection heat exchanger, the complete incineration of mixed salt organic waste liquid with low salt content and different melting points can be achieved.

[0069] For high-salt waste liquid, this patent has a pre-reserved molten material discharge port at the bottom of the furnace in the first burnout section. During normal operation, this port is blocked with prefabricated refractory blocks. When high-salt waste liquid is being processed, it is opened (when this waste liquid is being treated, the boiler body needs to be raised during installation, and a cooling tank for collecting molten material needs to be left at the bottom). The process principle is as follows:

[0070] Waste liquid sent from the production workshop is stored in a storage tank in front of the furnace. The waste liquid is then sent to the spray nozzle on the boiler via a waste liquid pump and delivery pipeline. The spray nozzle can use mechanical atomization or steam atomization. Steam atomization forms a two-fluid spray nozzle. The waste liquid is pressurized and atomized by different atomization spray nozzles and sprayed into the furnace. After entering the furnace, the atomized waste liquid will evaporate, vaporize, dry, concentrate, and oxidize and decompose in the high-temperature insulated furnace environment formed by the combustion of auxiliary fuel. Finally, it will spontaneously combust, completely incinerating the organic waste it carries.

[0071] In addition, inlets for a second type of combustible fuel are reserved on the rear and right walls of the adiabatic combustion section. High-temperature flue gas can be introduced through these inlets. The carbohydrates generated after combustion, along with the high-temperature flue gas formed from the combustion of waste liquid, enter the first combustion section at the rear. After a 180-degree turn, the flue gas enters the radiant heat exchange section, where it cools and dusts down. It then turns 180 degrees again and enters the screen-type convection heat exchanger, where the high-temperature flue gas heat energy is converted into saturated steam through convective absorption heat exchange. If the fuel waste liquid contains components that can generate dioxins, the outlet flue gas temperature of the screen-type convection heat exchanger will be controlled at 500℃. The system meets the requirement of a 500℃ inlet temperature for subsequent quenching as specified in GB18484. If the fuel does not produce dioxin (i.e., there is no quenching requirement), the outlet flue gas temperature of the control panel convection heat exchanger will be around 300℃. The exhaust gas temperature will be reduced to 160-180℃ through an external air preheater (heating air is sent into the boiler combustion chamber) and the economizer heating surface. This completes the entire process from waste liquid atomization → evaporation and concentration → combustion and burnout of multiple fuels → radiant heat exchange for cooling and dust reduction → convection tube panel heat exchange → flue gas cooling → tail-end treatment → emission compliance.

[0072] This invention designs the combustion furnace as an independent and extended combustion chamber, namely the first chamber, enabling the fuel to burn completely under adiabatic conditions for an extended period, meeting the requirements of GB18484 standard for furnace temperature and residence time. Secondly, considering the salt and dust content of organic waste, an independent large-space radiant heat exchange chamber, namely the second chamber, is set up to cool the high-temperature flue gas generated in the combustion chamber and also to reduce dust, ensuring less dust entering the subsequent heating surfaces and preventing ash buildup and blockage. At the same time, the first and second chambers are connected by a U-shaped bend, which serves to ensure fuel burnout, as well as cooling and dust reduction. Thirdly, to ensure that the rear heating surfaces do not accumulate ash and become blocked, the structure is designed as a membrane tube screen, which is not prone to ash accumulation. At the same time, an ash outlet is provided between the two lower boiler drums, allowing dust in the flue gas to be discharged in time, thereby solving the problem of ash accumulation and blockage on the tube walls.

[0073] Although embodiments and drawings of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will understand that various substitutions, variations and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiments and drawings.

Claims

1. A dual chamber multi-purpose incinerator boiler characterized by: It includes a dual furnace chamber and a screen-type convection heat exchanger, wherein the furnace chamber outlet of the dual furnace chamber is connected to the heat exchange inlet of the screen-type convection heat exchanger. The dual furnace chambers include a first furnace chamber and a second furnace chamber. The first furnace chamber includes an adiabatic combustion section and a first burnout section located behind the adiabatic combustion section. The second furnace chamber includes a radiant heat exchange section and a second burnout section located behind the radiant heat exchange section. The first and second furnace chambers are arranged side by side. A furnace chamber inlet is provided at the front end of the first furnace chamber. The first and second burnout sections are interconnected. The furnace chamber outlet of the dual furnace chambers is located at the front end of the side of the second furnace chamber.

2. A dual chamber multi-purpose incinerator boiler as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The furnace chamber of the dual furnace includes a refractory material furnace bottom and a membrane water-cooled wall set on the refractory material furnace bottom. The refractory furnace bottom includes a double-mouth-shaped bottom header frame and refractory material poured into the double-mouth-shaped bottom header frame; The membrane water-cooled wall includes an upper main header, a front upper header, a rear upper header, a left wall membrane wall tube, a front wall membrane wall tube, a rear wall membrane wall tube, and a ceiling densely arranged tube. The double-U-shaped bottom header frame is welded together from interconnected pipes. The pipe at the leftmost end of the double-U-shaped bottom header frame forms the lower main header. An upper main header is located directly above the lower main header and is parallel to it. Left wall membrane wall tubes are evenly distributed between the upper main header and the lower main header. These evenly distributed left wall membrane wall tubes form the left wall foundation of the double furnace chamber. The front upper header and the rear upper header are connected and installed at the front and rear ends of the upper main header respectively. At the lower part of the front upper header and the rear upper header, there are front wall membrane wall pipes and rear wall membrane wall pipes that are connected to the bottom double-U-shaped bottom header frame. The evenly distributed front wall membrane wall pipes form the front wall foundation of the double furnace chamber, and the evenly distributed rear wall membrane wall pipes form the rear wall foundation of the double furnace chamber. Between the front upper header and the rear upper header, the right side of the upper main header is evenly spaced with densely arranged roof pipes. The densely arranged roof pipes extend downward to the right and then bend downward at intervals in the middle and on the right side of the double-U-shaped bottom header frame. The densely arranged pipes that are vertically arranged in the middle of the double-U-shaped bottom header frame form the foundation of the partition wall of the double furnace chamber, and the densely arranged pipes that are vertically arranged on the right side of the double-U-shaped bottom header frame form the foundation of the right wall of the double furnace chamber. The vertically arranged densely arranged pipes are all membrane wall pipes.

3. A dual-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ceiling dense pipe is composed of the partition wall ceiling dense pipe and the right wall ceiling dense pipe. The partition wall ceiling dense pipe is formed by bending a pipe row downwards, which includes a first inclined section and a partition wall vertical section. The first inclined section is installed on the side of the upper main header, and the first inclined section bends vertically downwards at the middle pipe of the double-U-shaped bottom header frame. The vertically bent part forms the partition wall vertical section, and the spaced partition wall vertical sections form the partition wall foundation. The partition wall ceiling dense pipe and the right wall ceiling dense pipe are arranged alternately. The right wall ceiling dense pipe is formed by bending a pipe downwards, including a second inclined section and a right wall vertical section. The second inclined section is installed in a downwardly inclined manner on the side of the upper main header. The second inclined section bends vertically downwards at the rightmost pipe of the double-U-shaped bottom header frame. The vertically bent part forms the right wall vertical section. The spaced right wall vertical sections form the right wall foundation. The closely spaced first and second inclined sections together form the roof foundation of the dual furnace chambers.

4. A dual-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a thermal insulation structure, which includes an insulation layer, a heat insulation layer, and claw studs; an insulation layer is provided on the outside of the left wall foundation, right wall foundation, front wall foundation, rear wall foundation, and ceiling foundation, and a heat insulation layer is provided on the inside of the partition wall foundation, front wall foundation, right wall foundation, and ceiling foundation. The membrane wall pipes on the partition wall foundation, front wall foundation, right wall foundation, and ceiling foundation are all connected to the heat insulation layer by claw studs.

5. A dual-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aforementioned screen-type convection heat exchanger includes a heat exchanger insulation shell, an upper boiler drum, a lower boiler drum, a membrane tube screen, and a dust removal base. The upper boiler drum is installed at the middle of the upper end of the shell, and the lower boiler drums are symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the lower end of the shell. A dust removal base is provided at the bottom of the two lower boiler drums. An ash outlet is provided at the bottom of the heat exchanger insulation shell between the two lower boiler drums. A membrane tube screen is installed inside the heat exchanger insulation shell. The upper end of the membrane tube screen is connected to the upper boiler drum, and the lower end of the membrane tube screen is connected to the lower boiler drums on the left and right sides respectively.

6. A dual-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler according to claim 5, characterized in that: The membrane tube screen includes light tubes and fins. The light tubes are evenly distributed along the length of the heat exchanger insulation shell, and fins are connected between each pair of light tubes from top to bottom.

7. A dual-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A molten material discharge port is provided at the bottom of the first burnout section.

8. A dual-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an air preheater and an economizer. The air preheater is connected to the rear side of the screen-type convection heat exchanger, and the economizer is connected to the outlet of the air preheater.

9. A dual-chamber multi-purpose incineration boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: A combustible fuel gas inlet is provided on the rear wall of the furnace chamber of the first furnace chamber, a solid waste fuel inlet is provided on the right wall, and a waste liquid spray nozzle is provided on the front wall of the furnace chamber of the first furnace chamber.

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