A system for simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer of tailings

Abstract

This utility model discloses a system for simulating the migration of pollutants in tailings within soil layers, relating to the field of tailings pollution detection, to address the problem that existing technologies struggle to accurately assess the risk of tailings pollution to soil. The detection system includes: a simulated rainfall device with an adjusting component connected to a first nozzle, the adjusting component adjusting the water output of the first nozzle; a leaching device having a first receiving cavity for holding tailings, with multiple first leaching holes at its bottom for filtering tailings leachate; a first collection tank for collecting the leachate; a second nozzle connected to the first collection tank for spraying the leachate; a second receiving cavity located below the second nozzle, containing different soil layers sequentially, with second leaching holes at its bottom for filtering the leached leachate from different soil layers; a second collection tank located below the second receiving cavity for collecting the leached leachate; and a first sensor installed in each collection tank for detecting the total dissolved solids content and heavy metal ion concentration in the leachate and leached leachate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tailings pollution detection, specifically to a system for simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer of tailings. Background Technology

[0002] Tailings, as a byproduct of mineral resource extraction and beneficiation, have long suffered from low comprehensive utilization rates. The primary disposal method is open-air stockpiling, a traditional approach that poses serious environmental risks. Harmful components in tailings migrate and transform due to changes in the natural environment during long-term stockpiling. Through natural processes such as rainwater erosion and wind erosion, previously unstable heavy metals and other pollutants are released from the tailings, accumulating in surrounding surface water and soil, severely damaging the ecological environment of the mining area and surrounding regions, and consequently harming the health of local residents. The mining industry poses a significant threat to human health and the living environment. Furthermore, mining areas with concentrated mineral resource extraction and beneficiation processes generate large quantities of tailings. These tailings contain various heavy metals and other harmful substances. Over long periods of storage, under the combined effects of natural factors, these tailings gradually release heavy metals and other pollutants into the surrounding soil environment, exacerbating soil heavy metal pollution, altering the soil's physicochemical properties, affecting the activity and community structure of soil microorganisms, and disrupting the function and stability of the soil ecosystem. These pollutants may also be transmitted through the food chain, posing potential threats to the health of plants, animals, and humans. In addition, the sulfides and other substances contained in the tailings produce acidic wastewater during oxidation, further aggravating the release of heavy metals and the acidification of the surrounding environment.

[0003] Currently, existing technologies for studying the migration characteristics of heavy metals and other pollutants in tailings often focus on migration behavior under a single medium or a single environmental factor, while neglecting the interaction of multiple media under natural conditions and their comprehensive impact on pollutant migration. There is a lack of comprehensive analysis of the deep migration of heavy metals in soil under different environmental conditions. The migration and transformation of heavy metals in soil are affected by a variety of factors such as soil type, particle size distribution, and density, making it difficult to accurately simulate the combined effects of these factors to assess the risk of tailings pollution to soil. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a system for simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer in tailings, so as to improve the accurate simulation and assessment of the risk of tailings to soil pollution.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a system for simulating the migration of pollutants in tailings within a soil layer, comprising:

[0006] A simulated rainfall device includes an adjusting component and a first nozzle. The adjusting component is connected to the first nozzle and is used to adjust the water output of the first nozzle.

[0007] The leaching device has a first receiving cavity for placing tailings, the first receiving cavity being located below a first nozzle, and a first leaching hole for filtering out the leachate from the tailings.

[0008] The first collection tank is located below the second accommodating cavity and is used to collect the leachate from the tailings.

[0009] The second nozzle is connected to the bottom of the first collection tank and is used to spray out the leachate.

[0010] The soil simulation device includes a second accommodating cavity located below a second nozzle. Different soil layers are stored sequentially in the vertical direction within the second accommodating cavity, and a second leaching hole is provided at the bottom of the second accommodating cavity for filtering out the leachate after leaching from different soil layers.

[0011] The second collection tank is located below the second accommodating cavity and is used to collect the dissolution solution.

[0012] The first sensor is installed in both the first collection tank and the second collection tank. The first sensor is used to detect the total dissolved solids content and heavy metal ion concentration in the leachate of tailings and the leachate after leaching from different soil layers.

[0013] Optionally, in the above-mentioned system simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer from tailings, the rainfall simulation device further includes:

[0014] Frame;

[0015] A sliding rail is installed on the frame, and the first nozzle is slidably connected to the sliding rail. The sliding rail is used to adjust the spraying position of the first nozzle.

[0016] Optionally, in the above-mentioned system simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer from tailings, the frame is a liftable frame.

[0017] Optionally, in the above-described system simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer from tailings, the regulating components include:

[0018] Water tanks are used to provide a water source;

[0019] A water pump is connected to both the water tank and the first nozzle, and the water pump is used to adjust the water output of the first nozzle.

[0020] Optionally, in the above-mentioned system simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer in tailings, at least two sets of first nozzles are provided, and the at least two sets of first nozzles are arranged in a rectangular array.

[0021] Optionally, in the above-mentioned system simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer from tailings, the distance between the centers of the nozzles of two adjacent sets of first nozzles is 350mm to 450mm.

[0022] Optionally, in the above-described system simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer from tailings, the bottom of the first accommodating cavity is uniformly divided into multiple chambers, each chamber being used to hold different types of tailings.

[0023] Optionally, the above-mentioned system for simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer in tailings also includes: a tipping bucket rain gauge, which is installed between the simulated rainfall device and the leaching device, and the tipping bucket rain gauge is used to measure the outflow of water from the simulated rainfall device.

[0024] Optionally, in the above-mentioned system simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer in tailings, a regulating valve is also provided between the second nozzle and the bottom of the first collection tank. The regulating valve is used to adjust the flow rate of the second nozzle.

[0025] Optionally, the above-mentioned system for simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer in tailings further includes: a soil sensor, wherein the second accommodating cavity is provided with multiple monitoring holes, each monitoring hole corresponds to a soil layer, and a soil sensor is provided in each monitoring hole, the soil sensor being used to detect the humidity and / or temperature of the corresponding soil layer.

[0026] Compared with existing technologies, when using the above technical solution, the operator adjusts the water output of the first nozzle into the first receiving cavity by adjusting the adjustment components to simulate natural rainfall. This allows the water source, after passing through the tailings, to filter leachate through the first leaching hole at the bottom of the first receiving cavity. The leachate flows into the first collection tank for collection, and the total dissolved solids content and heavy metal ion concentration in the leachate are detected by the first sensor inside the tank. Then, the leachate in the first collection tank is sprayed into the second receiving cavity through the second nozzle. During this process, the leachate sprayed from the second nozzle leaches different soil types sequentially in a vertical direction. After the first layer, the leachate from different soil layers is filtered out through the second leaching hole at the bottom of the second accommodating cavity. The leachate flows into the second collection tank for collection, and the total dissolved solids content and heavy metal ion concentration in the leachate are detected by the first sensor inside the tank. Compared with the existing technology that uses a single medium or environmental factor to assess the pollution risk of tailings in soil, this application uses a simulated rainfall device to simulate different rainfall intensities, which facilitates the collection and detection of leachate from tailings after leaching and leachate from different soil depths, thereby improving the accurate simulation and assessment of tailings pollution risk to soil. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this invention, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description thereof, serve to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a system for simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer in tailings, provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a simulated rainfall device in a system for simulating the migration of pollutants in tailings in the soil layer, provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the leaching device in a system for simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer in tailings, provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the soil simulation device in a system for simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer in tailings, as provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0033] Figure label:

[0034] 1-Simulated rainfall device; 11-First nozzle; 12-Frame; 13-Water tank; 14-Water pump; 15-Sliding track; 2-First collection tank; 3-Second nozzle; 4-Leaching device; 41-First accommodating cavity; 411-First leaching hole; 42-First sensor; 5-Soil simulation device; 51-Second accommodating cavity; 511-Second leaching hole; 512-Monitoring hole; 6-Second collection tank; 7-Soil sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the technical problem to be solved, the technical solution, and the beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0036] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0037] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. "Several" means one or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0038] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0039] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] like Figures 1-5 As shown in the figure, this utility model provides a system for simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer in tailings, hereinafter referred to as the detection system. It includes: a simulated rainfall device 1, a first collection tank 2, a second nozzle 3, a soil simulation device 5, a second collection tank 6, and a first sensor 42.

[0041] The simulated rainfall device 1 includes an adjusting component and a first nozzle 11. The adjusting component is connected to the first nozzle 11 and is used to adjust the water output of the first nozzle 11. The leaching device 4 has a first receiving cavity 41 for placing tailings. The first receiving cavity 41 is located below the first nozzle 11, and the bottom of the first receiving cavity 41 has multiple first leaching holes 411 for filtering out the leachate from the tailings. The first collecting tank 2 is located below the second receiving cavity 51 and is used to collect the leachate from the tailings. The second nozzle 3 is connected to the bottom of the first collecting tank 2 and is used to spray the leachate. The soil model... The proposed device 5 includes a second accommodating cavity 51 located below the second nozzle 3. Different soil layers are stored sequentially in the second accommodating cavity 51 along a vertical direction. A second leaching hole 511 is provided at the bottom of the second accommodating cavity 51 for filtering out the leachate after leaching from different soil layers. A second collecting tank 6 is located below the second accommodating cavity 51 and is used to collect the leachate. A first sensor 42 is provided in both the first collecting tank 2 and the second collecting tank 6. The first sensor 42 is used to detect the total dissolved solids content and heavy metal ion concentration in the leachate of the tailings and the leachate after leaching from different soil layers.

[0042] In specific implementation, such as Figure 1 As shown, the operator adjusts the water flow rate of the first nozzle 11 into the first receiving cavity 41 by adjusting the components to simulate natural rainfall. This allows the water source to pass through the tailings and filter out leachate through the first leaching hole 411 at the bottom of the first receiving cavity 41. The leachate flows into the first collection tank 2 for collection, and the total dissolved solids content and heavy metal ion concentration in the leachate are detected by the first sensor 42 inside the tank. Then, the leachate in the first collection tank 2 is sprayed into the second receiving cavity 51 through the second nozzle 3. During this process, the leachate sprayed from the second nozzle 3 leaches different soil layers sequentially in a vertical direction. The leachate after leaching from different soil layers is filtered out through the second leaching hole 511 at the bottom of the second accommodating cavity 51. The leachate flows into the second collection tank 6 for collection and the total dissolved solids content and heavy metal ion concentration in the leachate are detected by the first sensor 42 inside the tank. Compared with the existing technology that uses a single medium or environmental factor to assess the pollution risk of tailings in soil, this application uses a simulated rainfall device 1 to simulate different rainfall intensities, which facilitates the collection and detection of leachate after tailings leaching and leachate at different depths of soil, thereby improving the accurate simulation and assessment of tailings pollution risk to soil.

[0043] like Figure 2As shown, specifically in this embodiment, the simulated rainfall device 1 further includes a frame 12 and a sliding rail 15. The sliding rail 15 is disposed on the frame 12, and the first nozzle 11 is slidably connected to the sliding rail 15. The sliding rail 15 is used to adjust the spraying position of the first nozzle 11. With this configuration, the operator can precisely adjust the spraying center position on the tailings surface by pushing and pulling the position of the first nozzle 11 on the sliding rail 15, which facilitates operation.

[0044] Specifically, in this embodiment, the frame 12 is a height-adjustable frame. The frame 12 has four legs and a rectangular steel frame. The sliding rail 15 and the first nozzle 11 are both mounted on the rectangular steel frame. The four legs of the frame 12 are height-adjustable, allowing the height distance L between the nozzle 11's ejection end and the tailings layer in the first accommodating cavity 41 to be adjusted according to rainfall conditions in the actual application scenario. Preferably, the height distance L between the nozzle 11's ejection end and the tailings layer in the first accommodating cavity 41 is 200mm, facilitating the simulation of rainfall processes under natural conditions and improving the accurate simulation and assessment of the tailings' risk to soil pollution.

[0045] Specifically, in this embodiment, the regulating component includes a water tank 13 and a water pump 14. The water tank 13 is used to provide a water source. The water pump 14 is connected to the water tank 13 and the first nozzle 11 respectively, and the water pump 14 is used to regulate the water output of the first nozzle 11. The system includes a high-pressure diaphragm pump (14), a direct-spray nozzle (11), and a water tank (13) measuring 600mm in length, 400mm in width, and 500mm in height. The high-pressure diaphragm pump pressurizes and draws water, stably delivering water from the tank to the nozzle. This ensures that the pump (14) can adjust the flow rate of the nozzle (11) at multiple levels, achieving rainfall output at 20%, 40%, and 60% of the pump's flow rate. Specifically, during the experiment, the flow rate of the nozzle (11) was selected as 1.4L / min, 2.8L / min, and 4.2L / min. For example, when the average annual rainfall in the study area is between 300mm and 500mm, and the simulated rainfall area on the frame (12) is 400mm in length and 400mm in width (0.16m²), the rainfall area is considered to be... 2 In this study, the detection system was designed for a rainfall of 400 mm, with a total flow rate of 64 L. To ensure consistency among the three comparative experiments, the leaching was performed four times, with a total flow rate of 84 L, to simulate rainfall under natural conditions. This setup facilitates the simulation of rainfall under natural conditions and improves the accuracy of the detection system's simulation and evaluation.

[0046] Specifically, in this embodiment, at least two sets of first nozzles 11 are provided, and the at least two sets of first nozzles 11 are arranged in a rectangular array. This arrangement ensures that the multiple first nozzles 11 uniformly cover the rainfall area, avoiding uneven local rainfall and improving the accuracy of the detection system's simulation and evaluation.

[0047] Specifically, in this embodiment, the distance between the centers of the nozzles of two adjacent sets of first nozzles 11 is 350mm to 450mm. For example, the distance between the centers of the nozzles of two adjacent sets of first nozzles 11 can be 350mm, 355mm, 360mm, 390mm, 400mm, 430mm, 450mm, etc., preferably 400mm. A first nozzle 11 larger than 350mm ensures a uniform spray range, avoiding the risk of excessive local water output due to overlapping spray areas; a first nozzle 11 smaller than 450mm avoids uneven water output coverage between the edge and center areas, ensuring uniformity of the effective coverage area of ​​multiple first nozzles 11 on the tailings surface and improving the spraying effect of the simulated rainfall device 1 in the detection system.

[0048] like Figure 4As shown, specifically in this embodiment, the bottom of the first receiving cavity 41 is evenly divided into multiple chambers, each chamber being used to hold different types of tailings. For example, the bottom of the first receiving cavity 41 is divided into four chambers, each containing tailings of different types and particle sizes with varying degrees of crushing. After simulating rainfall under different conditions, different leaching times, rainfall pH levels, and leachate collection times can be set in the four chambers of the first receiving cavity 41. The leachate filtered from the four different chambers is collected through the first collection tank 2. The first sensor 42 detects the changes in the heavy metal Cr and Cu content in the leachate under the four different rainfall conditions, facilitating real-time acquisition, monitoring, recording, and comparison of multiple sets of experimental data by the detection system, thereby improving the accuracy and flexibility of soil pollution risk simulation and assessment. The first sensor 42 can be a Cr, Cu probe sensor or a TDS probe sensor. The TDS sensor usually adopts an electrode design, containing two or more electrodes. The electrodes are immersed in the water sample to be tested (the leachate in the first collection tank 2 or the leaching solution in the second collection tank 6). By applying an alternating voltage, a small current is generated in the water sample. When ions in the water sample (such as sodium ions, chloride ions, etc.) move under the action of the electric field, a current is formed. The magnitude of the current is proportional to the content of dissolved solids in the water. The use of alternating current can effectively prevent electrode polarization and ensure measurement accuracy. The Cr, Cu probe sensor can be directly inserted into the water sample to be tested for real-time detection. It can continuously and quickly obtain relevant parameter information of the water sample, such as water temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, etc., which improves the detection efficiency of heavy metal ion concentration changes. Of course, the first sensor 42 can also use other sensors, as long as the sensor can meet the requirements of real-time detection of the total dissolved solids (TDS) content in the leachate in the tailings and the leaching solution in the soil, as well as the concentration changes of heavy metal ions such as Cr and Cu, providing key data support for subsequent analysis of tailings leaching characteristics.

[0049] Specifically, in this embodiment, the system simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer from tailings further includes a tipping bucket rain gauge, positioned between the simulated rainfall device 1 and the leaching device 4. The tipping bucket rain gauge is used to measure the water output of the simulated rainfall device 1. Exemplarily, the tipping bucket rain gauge mainly consists of a water container, a metering tipping bucket, and a self-recording clock. The water container is located at the spray end of the first nozzle 11, and the metering tipping bucket is located below the water container. The metering tipping bucket is used to tip over when the water container reaches a preset threshold. The self-recording clock is used to record the rainfall time, that is, by combining it with the number of times the metering tipping bucket is turned, it records the rainfall in different time periods, intuitively reflecting the change in rainfall intensity over time.

[0050] During operation, when the water accumulation in the water collector reaches the preset threshold of 0.2mm, the metering bucket tipps over due to loss of balance. Each tipping action activates the circuit, sending a pulse signal to the self-recording clock. Upon receiving the signal, the self-recording clock records the corresponding rainfall information. Through this repeated cycle, accurate measurement of the entire rainfall process is achieved. The water collector effectively prevents rainwater from splashing off the first sprinkler head 11 during the simulated rainfall process, thereby improving the accuracy of rainfall measurement in the detection system.

[0051] It should be noted that the detection system selects the appropriate leaching method according to different experimental requirements, and the detection system supports continuous or intermittent dynamic leaching experiments. The leaching method can be spraying, soaking or other methods, as long as the leaching requirements of tailings and soil in the experiment are met, which improves the flexibility and accuracy of the experiment.

[0052] Specifically, in this embodiment, a regulating valve is also provided between the bottom of the second nozzle 3 and the first collection tank 2. The regulating valve is used to regulate the flow rate of the second nozzle 3. With this configuration, the operator can adjust the flow rate of the second nozzle 3 spraying into the second accommodating cavity 51 according to the actual experimental requirements through the regulating valve. At the same time, the water pressure at the second nozzle 3 can be adjusted to make the water pressure of the second nozzle 3 stable and the spraying effect more uniform.

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, specifically, in this embodiment, the system for simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer from tailings further includes: a soil sensor 7. The second accommodating cavity 51 is provided with multiple monitoring holes 512, each corresponding to a soil layer. Each monitoring hole 512 is equipped with a soil sensor 7, which is used to detect the humidity and / or temperature of the corresponding soil layer. The soil sensor 7 can also detect parameters such as soil moisture content, pH value, and conductivity. By using the soil sensor 7 to perform stratified sampling and monitoring of the soil within the second accommodating cavity 51, operators can accurately simulate the deep migration behavior of heavy metals in the soil based on the detection information from the soil sensor 7, understand the soil properties and their impact on the leaching process, and combine this with the total dissolved solids content and heavy metal ion concentration detected in the leachate from the tailings and the leachate from different soil layers by the first sensor 42, thereby comprehensively collecting relevant data during the soil leaching process, facilitating accurate simulation and assessment of the pollution risk of tailings to the soil.

[0054] In some embodiments, fine-mesh mesh plates are laid at the bottom of both the first receiving cavity 41 and the bottom of the second receiving cavity 51. The fine-mesh mesh plates at the bottom of the first receiving cavity 41 provide support for the tailings and filter out the leachate during the leaching process. Similarly, the fine-mesh mesh plates at the bottom of the second receiving cavity 51 provide support for the soil layer and filter out the leachate during the leaching process. Preferably, the fine-mesh mesh plate at the bottom of the first receiving cavity 41 is made of 300-mesh stainless steel. Of course, other materials can also be used, as long as they ensure the smooth filtration of the leachate and leachate.

[0055] Specifically, in this embodiment, the materials of the first collection tank 2, the second collection tank 6, the first receiving cavity 41, and the second receiving cavity 51 are all acrylic plexiglass. Acrylic plexiglass has high transparency, good chemical corrosion resistance, and good insulation, reducing contamination and corrosion of the water sample during the experiment, ensuring the detection accuracy and visibility of the detection system, and extending the service life of each structure in the detection system. Of course, the first collection tank 2, the second collection tank 6, the first receiving cavity 41, and the second receiving cavity 51 can also be made of other corrosion-resistant materials, as long as it is ensured that the water sample will not cause contamination or corrosion to the structure of the detection system during the experiment.

[0056] In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0057] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A system for simulating the migration of pollutants in tailings within a soil layer, characterized in that, include: A simulated rainfall device includes an adjusting component and a first nozzle, wherein the adjusting component is connected to the first nozzle and is used to adjust the water output of the first nozzle; The leaching device has a first receiving cavity for placing tailings, the first receiving cavity being located below the first nozzle, and the bottom of the first receiving cavity having a plurality of first leaching holes for filtering out the leachate from the tailings. The first collection tank is located below the first accommodating cavity and is used to collect the leachate from the tailings. The second nozzle is connected to the bottom of the first collection tank and is used to spray the leachate. A soil simulation device includes a second accommodating cavity located below a second nozzle. Different soil layers are stored sequentially in the vertical direction within the second accommodating cavity, and a second leaching hole is provided at the bottom of the second accommodating cavity for filtering out the leachate after the leachate from the different soil layers. The second collection tank is located below the second accommodating cavity and is used to collect the dissolution solution; The first sensor is installed in both the first collection tank and the second collection tank. The first sensor is used to detect the total dissolved solids content and heavy metal ion concentration in the leachate of the tailings and the leachate after leaching from different soil layers.

2. The system for simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer in tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulated rainfall device also includes: Frame; A sliding track is provided on the frame, and the first nozzle is slidably connected to the sliding track. The sliding track is used to adjust the spraying position of the first nozzle.

3. The system for simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer in tailings according to claim 2, characterized in that, The frame is a height-adjustable frame.

4. The system for simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer in tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting component includes: Water tanks are used to provide a water source; A water pump is connected to both the water tank and the first nozzle, and the water pump is used to adjust the water output of the first nozzle.

5. The system for simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer in tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first nozzle is provided in at least two groups, and the at least two groups of the first nozzle are arranged in a rectangular array.

6. The system for simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer in tailings according to claim 5, characterized in that, The distance between the centers of the nozzles of two adjacent sets of the first nozzles is 350mm to 450mm.

7. The system for simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer in tailings according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom of the first accommodating cavity is evenly divided into multiple chambers, each of which is used to hold different types of tailings.

8. The system for simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer in tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A tipping bucket rain gauge is installed between the simulated rainfall device and the leaching device, and the tipping bucket rain gauge is used to measure the water output of the simulated rainfall device.

9. The system for simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer in tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that, An adjustment valve is also provided between the second nozzle and the bottom of the first collection tank, and the adjustment valve is used to adjust the flow rate of the second nozzle.

10. The system for simulating the migration of pollutants in the soil layer in tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The soil sensor has a second accommodating cavity with multiple monitoring holes, each corresponding to a soil layer. Each monitoring hole is equipped with a soil sensor, which is used to detect the humidity and / or temperature of the corresponding soil layer.

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