An ultra-wideband antenna array

Abstract

This invention provides an ultra-wideband antenna array, including a base station body. The base station body has an inner antenna mounting ring and an outer antenna mounting ring, with multiple antenna elements asymmetrically distributed on the inner and outer antenna mounting rings. The antenna elements are designed asymmetrically based on the optimized radius gradient according to the channel wavelength, with angular offset between the inner and outer antennas, forming a "nested rotational symmetry" structure. This breaks the periodicity of traditional uniform arrays and optimizes the radiation pattern. Antenna elements of different radii have different responses to signals in different frequency bands or directions, thereby enhancing coverage or signal quality. This increases the array's beam control flexibility and improves angular resolution. Through geometric misalignment design and multi-physics field collaborative optimization, centimeter-level positioning accuracy is achieved in UWB high-precision positioning systems, exhibiting strong multipath resistance and adaptability to extreme environments, while also maintaining compactness and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of ultra-wideband positioning technology, and in particular to an ultra-wideband antenna array. Background Technology

[0002] Existing positioning technologies based on ultra-wideband signals are mostly based on ranging or time difference of arrival (TDOA) methods, which require the deployment of more than three base stations to achieve two-dimensional positioning. However, ranging-based positioning systems have long single measurement times and low system capacity. TDOA-based positioning methods require clock synchronization between positioning base stations, resulting in high system complexity. Moreover, in complex indoor environments, if one or more of the multiple positioning base stations are blocked by obstacles, it will cause the positioning results to deviate, requiring the deployment of more base stations to ensure coverage of the high-precision positioning system. Therefore, multi-base station positioning methods have certain drawbacks.

[0003] Based on the above problems, single-base station positioning technology has emerged. In the field of wireless positioning, conventional single-base station positioning utilizes the high-precision ranging of ultra-wideband signals and the angle measurement information of antenna arrays. A single base station can achieve high-precision positioning coverage within a certain range, significantly reducing system complexity and deployment costs. However, traditional angle estimation algorithms based on phase difference of arrival are severely affected by antenna coupling effects, and the aperture of the antenna array limits the accuracy of angle estimation.

[0004] It is evident that the shortcomings of existing ultra-wideband positioning technology are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0005] 1. Traditional UWB positioning uses TDOA (Time Difference of Arrival) and TOF (Time of Flight) algorithms to achieve accurate positioning. The algorithm logic dictates that at least 3-4 positioning base stations are needed to achieve a minimum positioning unit, which is complex to deploy and has high costs.

[0006] 2. Non-line-of-sight (NLOS), multipath propagation, or changes in tag attitude can lead to large positioning accuracy errors.

[0007] 3. The positioning base station experiences positioning drift and large positioning errors in complex environments (such as metal obstruction and multipath interference). There is still room for optimization in terms of miniaturization, anti-interference, and cost control.

[0008] 4. To achieve higher array angle measurement accuracy, a larger aperture antenna array is required. When the antenna spacing is greater than half a wavelength, multiple lobes will appear, causing the received signal to generate the same phase difference in multiple directions. As a result, it is impossible to uniquely determine the direction of the signal source, leading to fuzzy angle measurement. Overall, this will affect the consistency and accuracy of angle measurement.

[0009] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an ultra-wideband antenna array that can solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide an ultra-wideband antenna array to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following solution:

[0012] This utility model provides an ultra-wideband antenna array, comprising:

[0013] The base station body is provided with an inner antenna mounting ring and an outer antenna mounting ring. The diameter of the inner antenna mounting ring and the diameter of the outer antenna mounting ring are in the range of [λ, 4λ], where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the ultra-wideband wireless signal.

[0014] The antenna elements are asymmetrically distributed on the inner antenna mounting ring and the outer antenna mounting ring, forming a double-layer nested layout. The number of antenna elements on the inner antenna mounting ring and the number of antenna elements on the outer antenna mounting ring are 3-6. The reference antenna element on the inner antenna mounting ring and the reference antenna element on the outer antenna mounting ring form an angle difference, the angle difference range being [0°, 60°].

[0015] Preferably, the inner antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 84 mm and four antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the outer antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 120 mm and four antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the angle difference between the reference antenna element on the inner antenna mounting ring and the reference antenna element on the outer antenna mounting ring is 30°.

[0016] Preferably, the inner antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 84 mm and three antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the outer antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 120 mm and three antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the angle difference between the reference antenna element on the inner antenna mounting ring and the reference antenna element on the outer antenna mounting ring is 60°.

[0017] Preferably, the inner antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 84 mm and three antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the outer antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 120 mm and four antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the angle difference between the reference antenna element on the inner antenna mounting ring and the reference antenna element on the outer antenna mounting ring is 45°.

[0018] Preferably, the inner antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 51.7 mm and four antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the outer antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 73.8 mm and four antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the angle difference between the reference antenna element on the inner antenna mounting ring and the reference antenna element on the outer antenna mounting ring is 30°.

[0019] Preferably, the inner antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 51.7 mm and three antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the outer antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 73.8 mm and three antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the angle difference between the reference antenna element on the inner antenna mounting ring and the reference antenna element on the outer antenna mounting ring is 60°.

[0020] Preferably, the inner antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 51.7 mm and three antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the outer antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 73.8 mm and five antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the angle difference between the reference antenna element on the inner antenna mounting ring and the reference antenna element on the outer antenna mounting ring is 30°.

[0021] Preferably, the inner antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 42mm and four antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the outer antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 60mm and four antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the angle difference between the reference antenna element on the inner antenna mounting ring and the reference antenna element on the outer antenna mounting ring is 30°.

[0022] Preferably, the inner antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 42mm and three antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the outer antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 60mm and three antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the angle difference between the reference antenna element on the inner antenna mounting ring and the reference antenna element on the outer antenna mounting ring is 60°.

[0023] Preferably, the inner antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 42mm and three antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the outer antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 60mm and six antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the angle difference between the reference antenna element on the inner antenna mounting ring and the reference antenna element on the outer antenna mounting ring is 30°.

[0024] The present invention achieves the following beneficial technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0025] This utility model provides an ultra-wideband antenna array, including a base station body. The base station body has an inner antenna mounting ring and an outer antenna mounting ring, with multiple antenna elements asymmetrically distributed on the inner and outer antenna mounting rings. The antenna elements are designed asymmetrically based on the optimized radius gradient according to the channel wavelength, with angular offset between the inner and outer antennas, forming a "nested rotational symmetry" structure. This breaks the periodicity of traditional uniform arrays and optimizes the radiation pattern. Antenna elements of different radii have different responses to signals in different frequency bands or directions, thereby enhancing coverage or signal quality. This increases the array's beam control flexibility and improves angular resolution. Through geometric misalignment design and multi-physics field collaborative optimization, centimeter-level positioning accuracy is achieved in UWB high-precision positioning systems, exhibiting strong multipath resistance and adaptability to extreme environments, while also maintaining compactness and low cost. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment 1 of an ultra-wideband antenna array provided by this utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an embodiment 2 of an ultra-wideband antenna array provided by this utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an ultra-wideband antenna array embodiment 3 provided by this utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an ultra-wideband antenna array embodiment 4 provided by this utility model;

[0031] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an ultra-wideband antenna array embodiment 5 provided by this utility model;

[0032] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an embodiment 6 of the ultra-wideband antenna array provided by this utility model;

[0033] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an embodiment 7 of the ultra-wideband antenna array provided by this utility model;

[0034] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of an embodiment 8 of the ultra-wideband antenna array provided by this utility model;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment 9 of an ultra-wideband antenna array provided by this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0037] The purpose of this invention is to provide an ultra-wideband antenna array to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0038] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] Ultra-wideband (UWB) is a short-range wireless communication technology. The 3.1-10.6 GHz frequency band is the operating frequency band allocated to UWB by the FCC (Federal Communications Commission of the United States), and it is also the UWB operating frequency band specified by the international standard IEEE 802.15.4. Among them, the three most commonly used operating frequency bands are 2-channel (center frequency: 3993.6 MHz, frequency range: 3774 MHz-4243.2 MHz), 5-channel (center frequency: 6489.6 MHz, frequency range: 6240-6739.2 MHz), and 9-channel (center frequency: 7987.2 MHz, 7737.6 MHz-8236.8 MHz). This invention covers 2-channel, 5-channel, and 9-channel antenna arrays for UWB, meeting the design requirements of different operating frequency bands and greatly reducing the development difficulty of single base station arrays.

[0040] Example 1:

[0041] This embodiment provides an ultra-wideband antenna array, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0042] The base station body 1 is provided with an inner antenna mounting ring 2 and an outer antenna mounting ring 3; the diameter of the inner antenna mounting ring 2 and the diameter of the outer antenna mounting ring 3 are in the range of [λ, 4λ], where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the ultra-wideband wireless signal; the base station body 1 in this embodiment is basically the same as the structure of a conventional base station.

[0043] Antenna elements 4, 3-6 antenna elements 4 are asymmetrically distributed on the inner antenna mounting ring 2 and the outer antenna mounting ring 3, and are staggered. The staggered angle range is [0°, 60°], forming a "nested rotational symmetry" structure, breaking the periodicity of the traditional uniform array, suppressing grating lobes, and optimizing the antenna pattern. The number of antenna elements 4 on the inner antenna mounting ring 2 is the same as or different from the number of antenna elements 4 on the outer antenna mounting ring 3. The above layout method achieves positioning accuracy and robustness in extreme environments in the system, and achieves centimeter-level positioning accuracy.

[0044] As one implementation method, this embodiment provides a 2-channel ultra-wideband antenna array (center frequency: 3993.6MHz), employing eight antenna elements 4. Specifically, the inner antenna mounting ring 2 has a diameter of 84mm and is evenly distributed with four antenna elements 4, with adjacent antenna elements 4 spaced 90° apart; the outer antenna mounting ring 3 has a diameter of 120mm and is evenly distributed with the remaining four antenna elements 4, with adjacent antenna elements 4 spaced 90° apart. The angle difference between the reference antenna element on the inner antenna mounting ring and the reference antenna element on the outer antenna mounting ring is 30°, which is equivalent to an overall misalignment of 30° between the inner and outer layers. This ultra-wideband antenna array covers the frequency band of 3774MHz-4243.2MHz (center frequency ≈ 4GHz, wavelength λ ≈ 75mm). The 30° phase difference between the inner and outer antenna elements forms a "nested rotational symmetry" structure, breaking the periodicity of traditional uniform arrays, suppressing grating lobes, and optimizing the antenna pattern.

[0045] Example 2:

[0046] This embodiment provides a 2-channel ultra-wideband antenna array (center frequency: 3993.6MHz), employing six antenna elements. Specifically, as shown... Figure 2 As shown, the inner antenna mounting ring 2 has a diameter of 84mm and three antenna elements 4 are evenly distributed thereon, with adjacent antenna elements 4 spaced 120° apart. The outer antenna mounting ring 3 has a diameter of 120mm and three antenna elements 4 are evenly distributed thereon, with adjacent antenna elements 4 spaced 120° apart. The angle difference between the reference antenna element on the inner antenna mounting ring and the reference antenna element on the outer antenna mounting ring is 60°, which is equivalent to an overall misalignment of 60° between the inner and outer layers. This ultra-wideband antenna array covers the frequency band of 3774MHz-4243.2MHz (center frequency ≈ 4GHz, wavelength λ ≈ 75mm). The 60° phase difference between the inner and outer antenna elements forms a "star nested" structure, breaking the periodicity of the traditional uniform array, suppressing grating lobes, and optimizing the antenna pattern.

[0047] Example 3:

[0048] This embodiment provides a 2-channel ultra-wideband antenna array (center frequency: 3993.6MHz), employing seven antenna elements. Specifically, as shown... Figure 3 As shown, the inner antenna mounting ring 2 has a diameter of 84 mm and three antenna elements 4 are evenly distributed thereon, with adjacent antenna elements 4 spaced 120° apart; the outer antenna mounting ring 3 has a diameter of 120 mm and four antenna elements 4 are evenly distributed thereon, with adjacent antenna elements 4 spaced 90° apart. The angle difference between the reference antenna element on the inner antenna mounting ring and the reference antenna element on the outer antenna mounting ring is 45°, which is equivalent to an overall misalignment of 45° between the inner and outer layers. This ultra-wideband antenna array covers the frequency band of 3774MHz-4243.2MHz (center frequency ≈ 4GHz, wavelength λ ≈ 75mm), and the radius difference between the inner and outer layers is 18 mm (≈ 0.24λ), which optimizes near-field coupling and far-field radiation characteristics; the 45° phase difference between the inner and outer antenna elements disrupts the array periodicity and suppresses grating lobes.

[0049] Example 4:

[0050] This embodiment provides a 5-channel ultra-wideband antenna array (center frequency: 6489.6MHz), employing eight antenna elements. Specifically, as shown... Figure 4 As shown, the inner antenna mounting ring 2 has a diameter of 51.7 mm and four antenna elements 4 are evenly distributed thereon, with adjacent antenna elements 4 spaced 90° apart. The outer antenna mounting ring 3 has a diameter of 73.8 mm and four antenna elements 4 are evenly distributed thereon, with adjacent antenna elements 4 spaced 90° apart. The angle difference between the reference antenna element 4 on the inner antenna mounting ring 2 and the reference antenna element 4 on the outer antenna mounting ring 3 is 30°, which is equivalent to an overall misalignment of 30° between the inner and outer layers. This ultra-wideband antenna array covers the frequency band of 6240-6739.2MHz (center frequency ≈ 6.49GHz, wavelength λ ≈ 46.3mm). The radius difference between the inner and outer layers is 11.05mm (≈ 0.24λ). By optimizing the near-field coupling through wavelength ratio, the 30° angle misalignment phase shift breaks the symmetry, suppresses grating lobes, and enhances directional resolution.

[0051] Example 5:

[0052] This embodiment provides a 5-channel ultra-wideband antenna array (center frequency: 6489.6MHz), employing six antenna elements. Specifically, as shown... Figure 5As shown, the inner antenna mounting ring 2 has a diameter of 51.7 mm and three antenna elements 4 are evenly distributed thereon, with adjacent antenna elements 4 spaced 120° apart. The outer antenna mounting ring 3 has a diameter of 73.8 mm and three antenna elements 4 are evenly distributed thereon, with adjacent antenna elements 4 spaced 120° apart. The angle difference between the reference antenna element 4 on the inner antenna mounting ring 2 and the reference antenna element 4 on the outer antenna mounting ring 3 is 120°, which is equivalent to an overall misalignment of 60° between the inner and outer layers. This ultra-wideband antenna array covers the frequency band of 6240-6739.2MHz (center frequency ≈ 6.49GHz, wavelength λ ≈ 46.3mm). The radius difference between the inner and outer layers is 11.05mm (≈ 0.24λ). By optimizing the near-field coupling through wavelength ratio, the 60° angle misalignment phase shift breaks the symmetry, suppresses grating lobes, and enhances directional resolution.

[0053] Example 6:

[0054] This embodiment provides a 5-channel ultra-wideband antenna array (center frequency: 6489.6MHz), employing eight antenna elements. Specifically, as shown... Figure 6 As shown, the inner antenna mounting ring 2 has a diameter of 51.7 mm and three antenna elements 4 are evenly distributed thereon, with adjacent antenna elements 4 spaced 120° apart. The outer antenna mounting ring 3 has a diameter of 73.8 mm and five antenna elements 4 are evenly distributed thereon, with adjacent antenna elements 4 spaced 72° apart. The angle difference between the reference antenna element 4 on the inner antenna mounting ring 2 and the reference antenna element 4 on the outer antenna mounting ring 3 is 30°, which is equivalent to an overall misalignment of 30° between the inner and outer layers. This ultra-wideband antenna array covers the frequency band of 6240-6739.2MHz (center frequency ≈ 6.49GHz, wavelength λ ≈ 46.3mm). The radius difference between the inner and outer layers is 11.05mm (≈ 0.24λ). Near-field coupling is optimized by wavelength ratio. The 30° angle misalignment phase shift disrupts the array periodicity and suppresses grating lobes. The asymmetric layout disrupts phase periodicity, eliminates angular ambiguity, and resists phase ambiguity.

[0055] Example 7:

[0056] This embodiment provides a 9-channel ultra-wideband antenna array (center frequency: 7987.2MHz), employing eight antenna elements. Specifically, as shown... Figure 7As shown, the inner antenna mounting ring 2 has a diameter of 42mm and four antenna elements 4 are evenly distributed thereon, with adjacent antenna elements 4 spaced 90° apart; the outer antenna mounting ring 3 has a diameter of 60mm and four antenna elements 4 are evenly distributed thereon, with adjacent antenna elements 4 spaced 90° apart. The angle difference between the reference antenna element on the inner antenna mounting ring and the reference antenna element on the outer antenna mounting ring is 30°, which is equivalent to an overall misalignment of 30° between the inner and outer layers. This ultra-wideband antenna array covers the frequency band of 7737.6-8236.8MHz (center frequency ≈ 8GHz, wavelength λ ≈ 37.5mm), and the radius difference between the inner and outer layers is 9mm (≈ 0.24λ). Near-field coupling is optimized through wavelength ratio; the 30° angle misalignment phase shift breaks the symmetry, suppresses grating lobes, and enhances directional resolution.

[0057] Example 8:

[0058] This embodiment provides a 9-channel ultra-wideband antenna array (center frequency: 7987.2MHz), employing six antenna elements. Specifically, as shown... Figure 8 As shown, the inner antenna mounting ring 2 has a diameter of 42mm and three antenna elements 4 are evenly distributed thereon, with adjacent antenna elements 4 spaced 120° apart. The outer antenna mounting ring 3 has a diameter of 60mm and three antenna elements 4 are evenly distributed thereon, with adjacent antenna elements 4 spaced 120° apart. The angle difference between the reference antenna element 4 on the inner antenna mounting ring 2 and the reference antenna element 4 on the outer antenna mounting ring 3 is 60°, which is equivalent to an overall misalignment of 60° between the inner and outer layers. This ultra-wideband antenna array covers the frequency band of 7737.6-8236.8MHz (center frequency ≈ 8GHz, wavelength λ ≈ 37.5mm). The radius difference between the inner and outer layers is 9mm (≈ 0.24λ). Near-field coupling is optimized through wavelength ratio. The 60° angle misalignment phase shift breaks the symmetry, suppresses grating lobes, and enhances directional resolution.

[0059] Example 9:

[0060] This embodiment provides a 9-channel ultra-wideband antenna array (center frequency: 7987.2MHz), employing nine antenna elements 4. Specifically, as shown... Figure 9As shown, the inner antenna mounting ring 2 has a diameter of 42mm and three antenna elements 4 are evenly distributed thereon, with adjacent antenna elements 4 spaced 120° apart. The outer antenna mounting ring 3 has a diameter of 60mm and six antenna elements 4 are evenly distributed thereon, with adjacent antenna elements 4 spaced 60° apart. The angle difference between the reference antenna element 4 on the inner antenna mounting ring 2 and the reference antenna element 4 on the outer antenna mounting ring 3 is 30°, which is equivalent to an overall misalignment of 30° between the inner and outer layers. This ultra-wideband antenna array covers the frequency band of 7737.6-8236.8MHz (center frequency ≈ 8GHz, wavelength λ ≈ 37.5mm). The radius difference between the inner and outer layers is 9mm (≈ 0.24λ). Near-field coupling is optimized through wavelength ratio. The 60° angle misalignment phase shift breaks the array periodicity, suppresses grating lobes, and achieves sub-centimeter-level positioning accuracy and robustness in extreme environments.

[0061] This utility model provides an ultra-wideband antenna array that replaces the traditional multi-base station UWB positioning technology with a multi-antenna array single-base station UWB positioning technology. It solves the problem of the impact of non-line-of-sight or tag attitude changes on positioning accuracy. Through the array layout composed of different types of antennas, it can achieve product miniaturization and improve positioning accuracy to the centimeter level. It is suitable for complex environments such as steel and chemical industries. Low-cost material substitution simplifies the manufacturing process. While maintaining measurement accuracy, it reduces measurement ambiguity. By designing an array with non-uniform spacing, it can avoid the occurrence of periodic grating lobes and improve the robustness of angle estimation, thereby reducing ambiguity while maintaining a large aperture.

[0062] This utility model uses specific examples to illustrate its principles and implementation methods. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the idea of ​​this utility model. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. An ultra-wideband antenna array, characterized in that: include: The base station body is provided with an inner antenna mounting ring and an outer antenna mounting ring. The diameter of the inner antenna mounting ring and the diameter of the outer antenna mounting ring are in the range of [λ, 4λ], where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the ultra-wideband wireless signal. The antenna elements are asymmetrically distributed on the inner antenna mounting ring and the outer antenna mounting ring, forming a double-layer nested layout. The number of antenna elements on the inner antenna mounting ring and the number of antenna elements on the outer antenna mounting ring are 3-6. The reference antenna element on the inner antenna mounting ring and the reference antenna element on the outer antenna mounting ring form an angle difference, the angle difference range being [0°, 60°].

2. The ultra-wideband antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 84mm and four antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the outer antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 120mm and four antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the angle difference between the reference antenna element on the inner antenna mounting ring and the reference antenna element on the outer antenna mounting ring is 30°.

3. The ultra-wideband antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 84mm and three antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the outer antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 120mm and three antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the angle difference between the reference antenna element on the inner antenna mounting ring and the reference antenna element on the outer antenna mounting ring is 60°.

4. The ultra-wideband antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 84mm and three antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the outer antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 120mm and four antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the angle difference between the reference antenna element on the inner antenna mounting ring and the reference antenna element on the outer antenna mounting ring is 45°.

5. The ultra-wideband antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 51.7 mm and four antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the outer antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 73.8 mm and four antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon. The angle difference between the reference antenna element on the inner antenna mounting ring and the reference antenna element on the outer antenna mounting ring is 30°.

6. The ultra-wideband antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 51.7 mm and three antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the outer antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 73.8 mm and three antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon. The angle difference between the reference antenna element on the inner antenna mounting ring and the reference antenna element on the outer antenna mounting ring is 60°.

7. The ultra-wideband antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 51.7 mm and three antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the outer antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 73.8 mm and five antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon. The angle difference between the reference antenna element on the inner antenna mounting ring and the reference antenna element on the outer antenna mounting ring is 30°.

8. The ultra-wideband antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 42mm and four antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the outer antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 60mm and four antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the angle difference between the reference antenna element on the inner antenna mounting ring and the reference antenna element on the outer antenna mounting ring is 30°.

9. The ultra-wideband antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 42mm and three antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the outer antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 60mm and three antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the angle difference between the reference antenna element on the inner antenna mounting ring and the reference antenna element on the outer antenna mounting ring is 60°.

10. The ultra-wideband antenna array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 42mm and three antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the outer antenna mounting ring has a diameter of 60mm and six antenna elements are evenly distributed thereon; the angle difference between the reference antenna element on the inner antenna mounting ring and the reference antenna element on the outer antenna mounting ring is 30°.

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